November 9......

November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 52 days remaining in the year on this date.

EVENTS

● 694 - Hispano-Visigothic king Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery.

● 1282 - Pope Martin IV excommunicates King Peter III of Aragon.

● 1492 - Peace of Etaples between Henry VII & Charles VIII.

● 1494 - Family de' Medici become rulers of Florence.

● 1520 - Danish King Christian II executes 82 in the Stockholm Bloodbath.

● 1729 - Spain, France & England sign the Treaty of Seville.

● 1764 - Mary Campbell, a captive of the Lenape during the French and Indian War, is turned over to forces commanded by Colonel Henry Bouquet.

● 1799 - Napoleon Bonaparte leads the Coup d'état of 18 Brumaire ending the Directory government, and becoming one of its three Consuls (Consulate Government).

● 1848 - Robert Blum, German revolutionary, executed in Vienna

● 1851 - Kentucky marshals abduct abolitionist minister Calvin Fairbank from Jeffersonville, Indiana, and take him to Kentucky to stand trial for helping a slave escape.

● 1862 - American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, after George McClellan was removed.

● 1872 - The Great Boston Fire of 1872.

● 1877 - The National poet of Pakistan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal is born in Sialkot, present-day Pakistan.

● 1887 - The United States receives rights to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

● 1888 - Jack the Ripper kills Mary Jane Kelly, his last known victim.

● 1906 - Theodore Roosevelt is the first sitting President of the United States to make an official trip outside the country (to inspect progress on the Panama Canal).

● 1907 - The Cullinan Diamond is presented to King Edward VII on his birthday.

● 1918 - Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany abdicates after the German Revolution, and Germany is proclaimed a Republic.

● 1921 - Albert Einstein awarded Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with the photoelectric effect.

● 1923 - In Munich, Germany, police and government troops crush the Beer Hall Putsch in Bavaria. The failed coup is the work of the Nazis.

● 1932 - Riots between conservative and socialist supporters in Switzerland kill 12 and injure 60.

● 1935 - United Mine Workers president John L. Lewis and other labor leaders formed the Committee for Industrial Organization.

● 1937 - Japanese troops take control of Shanghai, China.

● 1938 - Nazi Germany's first large-scale act of physical anti-Jewish violence, begins. The Nazis looted and burned synagogues and Jewish-owned stores and houses in Germany and Austria on Kristallnacht, the ''night of broken glass.''

● 1940 - Premiere of Joaquin Rodrigo's Concierto de Aranjuez in Barcelona, Spain.

● 1946 - Links, Incorporated, an exclusive non-profit organization is founded by two African American women in Philidelphia, Pennsylvania.

● 1953 - Cambodia becomes independent from France.

● 1953 - The US Supreme Court upheld a 1922 ruling that major league baseball did not come within the scope of federal antitrust laws.

● 1960 - Robert McNamara is named president of Ford Motor Co., the first non-Ford to serve in that post — quitting a month later to join the newly-elected John F. Kennedy administration.

● 1961 - Neil Armstrong records a world record speed in a rocket plane, flying 6,587km/h in an X-15.

● 1963 - At Miike in Japan, a coal mine explosion kills 458, and hospitalises 839 with carbon monoxide poisoning. A three-train disaster in Yokohama, also in Japan, kills more than 160 people.

● 1965 - Several U.S. states and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 1/2 hours in the Great Northeast Blackout of 1965.

● 1965 - Catholic Worker member Roger Allen LaPorte, protesting against the Vietnam War, sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building.

● 1967 - Apollo program: NASA launches the unmanned Apollo 4 test spacecraft from Cape Kennedy.

● 1970 - Vietnam War: The Supreme Court of the United States votes 6 to 3 against hearing a case to allow Massachusetts to enforce its law granting residents the right to refuse military service in an undeclared war.

● 1971 - John List, an accountant from Westfield, New Jersey murders his mother, wife and three children. He then hides under a new identity for 18 years.

● 1976 - The United Nations General Assembly approved 10 resolutions condemning apartheid in South Africa, including one characterizing the white-ruled government as ''illegitimate.''

● 1986 - Romania: Election of Patriarch Teoctist Arăpaşu

● 1989 - Cold War: Communist-controlled East Germany opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall allowing its citizens to freely travel to West Germany. People start demolishing the Berlin Wall.

● 1990 - Mary Robinson elected Ireland's first woman President and the first from the Labour Party.

● 1993 - Stari most, the "old bridge" in Bosnian Mostar built in 1566, collapses after several days of bombing.

● 1994 - Discovery of the chemical element Darmstadtium.

● 1995 - Bill Watterson announces his retirement in a brief letter to newspaper editors.

● 1998 - Brokerage houses are ordered to pay US$1.03 billion to cheated NASDAQ investors to compensate for their price-fixing. This is the largest civil settlement in United States history.

● 1999 - TAESA Flight 725, went down a few minutes after leaving the Uruapan airport en-route to Mexico City. 18 people were killed in the accident

● 2001 - The northern Afghan city of Mazar-e-Sharif fell to the northern alliance in the first major territorial advance for the rebels against the ruling Taliban.

● 2003 - During the holy month of Ramadan, a suicide-terrorist attack in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, kills 17 people.

● 2004 - Mozilla Firefox 1.0 released. This has become one of Microsoft Internet Explorer's biggest competitors.

● 2004 - John Ashcroft and Don Evans resign their posts as U.S. Attorney General and U.S. Secretary of Commerce respectively.

● 2004 - Halo 2 is released by the Microsoft Corporation. The sci-fi action shooter smashes entertainment records, grossing $125 Million on its opening day.

● 2004 - Houston Astros pitcher Roger Clemens won his record seventh Cy Young award.

● 2005 - The Venus Express mission of the European Space Agency is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

● 2005 - Suicide bombers attacked three hotels in Amman, Jordan, killing at least 56 people.

● 2005 - Muriel Degauque becomes the first Belgian female suicide bomber, wounding one in Iraq.

BIRTHS

● 1414 - Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg (d. 1486)

● 1522 - Martin Chemnitz, German theologian (d. 1586)

● 1664 - Henry Wharton, English writer (d. 1695)

● 1717 - Johann Joachim Winckelmann, German archaeologist (d. 1768)

● 1721 - Mark Akenside, English poet and physician (d. 1770)

● 1731 - Benjamin Banneker, American scientist (d. 1806)

● 1802 - Elijah P. Lovejoy, American abolitionist (d. 1837)

● 1810 - Bernhard von Langenbeck, German surgeon (d. 1887)

● 1818 (N.S.) - Ivan Turgenev, Russian writer (d. 1883)

● 1825 - A.P. Hill, American Confederate general (d. 1865)

● 1841 - King Edward VII of the United Kingdom (d. 1910)

● 1853 - Stanford White, American architect (d. 1906)

● 1869 - Marie Dressler, Canadian actress (d. 1934)

● 1873 - Otfrid Foerster, German neurologist (d. 1941)

● 1874 - Albert Francis Blakeslee, American botanist (d. 1954)

● 1877 - Enrico De Nicola, Italian politician (d. 1959)

● 1877 - Allama Iqbal, Indian National poet of Pakistan (d. 1938)

● 1879 - Milan Šufflay, Croatian politician (d. 1931)

● 1880 - Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, English architect (d. 1960)

● 1883 - Edna May Oliver, American actress (d. 1942)

● 1885 (N.S.) - Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian writer (d. 1922)

● 1885 - Hermann Weyl, German mathematician (d. 1955)

● 1885 - Theodor Kaluza, German scientist (d. 1954)

● 1886 - Ed Wynn, American actor (d. 1966)

● 1889 - Jean Monnet, French internationalist (d. 1979)

● 1892 - Mabel Normand, American actress (d. 1930)

● 1895 - Mae Marsh, American actress (d. 1968)

● 1897 - Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, British chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1978)

● 1902 - Anthony Asquith, British film director (d. 1968)

● 1905 - Erika Mann, German writer (d. 1969)

● 1911 - Tabish Dehlvi, Pakistani poet (d. 2004)

● 1913 - Hedy Lamarr, Austrian actress and inventor (d. 2000)

● 1915 - André François, French cartoonist (d. 2005)

● 1915 - Sargent Shriver, American politician

● 1918 - Spiro Agnew, Vice President of the United States (d. 1996)

● 1921 - Viktor Chukarin, Soviet gymnast (d. 1984)

● 1922 - Raymond Devos, French humorist (d. 2006)

● 1922 - Imre Lakatos, Hungarian philosopher (d. 1974)

● 1923 - Alice Coachman, American athlete

● 1923 - Dorothy Dandridge, American actress (d. 1965)

● 1928 - Anne Sexton, American poet (d. 1974)

● 1929 - Imre Kertész, Hungarian writer, Nobel laureate

● 1931 - Whitey Herzog, Baseball manager

● 1934 - Ingvar Carlsson, Swedish politician

● 1934 - Carl Sagan, American astronomer whose books and television show informed millions of Americans (d. 1996)

● 1935 - Bob Gibson, American baseball player and Hall of Fame member

● 1936 - Daniel Robert Graham, American politician; Former US Senator (D-FL)

● 1936 - Mikhail Tal, Latvian chess player (d. 1992)

● 1936 - Mary Travers, Folk singer (Peter, Paul and Mary)

● 1937 - Roger McGough, English poet

● 1941 - Tom Fogerty, American musician (Creedence Clearwater Revival) (d. 1990)

● 1942 - Tom Weiskopf, American golfer

● 1948 - Bille August, Director

● 1951(52? NYT) - Lou Ferrigno, American bodybuilder

● 1959 - Thomas Quasthoff, German singer

● 1959 - Tony Slattery, British actor

● 1959 - Nick Hamilton, American wrestling referee

● 1960 - Dee Plakas, Rock musician (L7)

● 1961 - Jill Dando, British television presenter (d. 1999)

● 1964 - Robert Duncan McNeill, American actor

● 1965 - Bryn Terfel, Welsh baritone

● 1965 - Teryl Rothery, Canadian actress

● 1968 - Nazzareno Carusi, Italian pianist

● 1969 - Pepa, Rapper (Salt-N-Pepa)

● 1969 - Scarface, Rapper (Geto Boys)

● 1969 - Allison Wolfe, American musician (Bratmobile, Cold Cold Hearts, Partyline)

● 1970 - Chris Jericho, American wrestler

● 1970 - Susan Tedeschi, American musician

● 1970 - Scarface, American rapper

● 1971 - David Duval, American Golfer and former #1 in the world

● 1972 - Corin Tucker, American musician (Sleater-Kinney)

● 1972 - Doug Russell, American radio personality

● 1973 - Nick Lachey, American pop singer-TV personality (''Newlyweds: Nick & Jessica'')

● 1974 - Alessandro Del Piero, Italian footballer

● 1976 - Lúcia Moniz, Portuguese singer

● 1978 - Sisqó, American singer (Dru Hill)

● 1978 - Steven Lopez, American taekwondo martial artist

● 1979 - Adam Dunn, American baseball player

● 1979 - Martin Taylor, English footballer

● 1980 - Vanessa Minnillo, American television personality

● 1981 - Luke Covell, Australian/New Zealand rugby player

● 1984 - Delta Goodrem, Australian singer

● 1984 - SE7EN, South Korean singer

DEATHS

● 959 - Constantine VII, Byzantine Emperor (b. 905)

● 1187 - Emperor Gaozong of China (b. 1107)

● 1208 - Sancha of Castile, wife of Alfonso II of Aragon (b. 1155)

● 1504 - King Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1452)

● 1623 - William Camden, English historian (b. 1551)

● 1641 - Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand, Governor of the Netherlands and Bishop of Toledo

● 1731 - Benjamin Banneker, American mathematician, astronomer, inventor and writer (d. 1806)

● 1766 - Unico Wilhelm van Wassenaer, Dutch composer (b. 1692)

● 1770 - John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll, Scottish politician

● 1778 - Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Italian artist (b. 1720)

● 1801 - Gail Borden, American businessman (d. 1874)

● 1802 - Elijah Lovejoy, American abolitionist (d. 1837)

● 1809 - Paul Sandby, English cartographer (b. 1725)

● 1848 - Robert Blum, German politician (b. 1810)

● 1888 - Mary Jane Kelly, Irish murder victim (b. 1863)

● 1911 - Howard Pyle, American author (b. 1853)

● 1918 - Guillaume Apollinaire, French poet (b. 1880)

● 1919 - Eduard Müller, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1848)

● 1937 - Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1866)

● 1938 - Vasily Blyukher, Soviet military commander (b.1889)

● 1940 - Stephen Peter Alencastre, Portuguese Catholic prelate (b. 1876)

● 1940 - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1869)

● 1942 - Edna May Oliver, American actress (b. 1883)

● 1944 - Frank Marshall, American chess player (b. 1877)

● 1951 - Sigmund Romberg, Hungarian-born composer (b. 1887)

● 1952 - Chaim Weizmann, 1st President of Israel (b. 1874)

● 1953 - Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet and author (b. 1914)

● 1957 - Peter O'Connor, Irish athlete (b. 1872)

● 1970 - Charles de Gaulle, Former President of France (b. 1890)

● 1971 - Maude Fealy, American actor (b. 1881)

● 1977 - Fred Haney, American baseball player (b. 1898)

● 1988 - John N. Mitchell, United States Attorney General (b. 1913)

● 1991 - Yves Montand, French actor (b. 1921)

● 1997 - Helenio Herrera, French football player

● 1998 - Ursula Reit, German actress (b. 1914)

● 2000 - Hugh Paddick, British actor (b. 1915)

● 2002 - William Schutz, American psychologist

● 2003 - Art Carney, American actor (b. 1918)

● 2003 - Gordon Onslow Ford, English painter (b. 1912)

● 2004 - Iris Chang, American author (b. 1968)

● 2005 - K. R. Narayanan, President of India (b. 1921)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholicism
● Dedication of the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, Cathedral of the Pope (memorial feast day)

● Cambodia - Independence Day (1953)

● Pakistan - Allama Iqbal Day (1877)

● Germany - November 9th is often called Germany's Schicksalstag (day of fate) due to the events of 1848, 1918, 1923, 1938, and 1989.

● Europe - Inventor's Day - in honor of Hedy Lamarr's birthday

● United States - World Freedom Day, to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

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