November 15......

November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 46 days remaining in the year on this date.

EVENTS

● 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria.

● 791 - Mayan King Chan-muwan dedicates Temple I at Bonampak.

● 1492 - Christopher Columbus notes first recorded reference to tobacco. Give the man credit -- he not only wiped out the Arawaks, but recognized another efficient, cold-blooded killer when he saw it.

● 1515 - Thomas Cardinal Wolsey invested as a Cardinal

● 1533 - Francisco Pizarro arrives in Cuzco, Peru.

● 1598 - Juan de Onate declares possession of Hopi land (northern Arizona) in name of Spanish crown. Over 400 years later, the Hopi have still never signed a treaty with any non-Indian nation.

● 1626 The original Mayflower "pilgrims" (Separatists), having lived in their American colony for six years, bought out their London investors for 1,800 pounds.

● 1760 Anglican hymnwriter John Newton wrote in a letter: 'Our love to Him is the proof and measure of what we know of His love to us.'

● 1777 - American Revolutionary War: After 16 months of debate the Continental Congress approves the Articles of Confederation, precursor to the U.S. Constitution.

● 1791 - The first U.S Catholic college, Georgetown University, opens its doors.

● 1804 Anglican missionary to Persia, Henry Martyn wrote in his journal: 'Corruption always begins the day, but morning prayer never fails to set my mind in a right frame.'

● 1805 - Explorers Lewis and Clark reach the mouth of the Columbia River. Clark's journal entries noted an appalling lack of enormous hydroelectric dams. Accompanying them is a slave, York, who, while technically Clark's valet, distinguished himself as a scout, interpreter, and emissary to the Native Americans encountered. Somehow, the slave in tow is never mentioned in those Horizon Air commercials.

● 1806 - Pike expedition: Lieutenant Zebulon Pike sees a distant mountain peak while near the Colorado foothills of the Rocky Mountains (it was later named Pikes Peak).

● 1825 - Birth of African American feminist Sarah Jane Woodson, Chillicothe, Ohio.

● 1839 Scottish clergyman Robert Murray McCheyne wrote in a letter: 'I know well that when Christ is nearest, Satan also is busiest.'

● 1854 - In Egypt, the Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, is given the needed royal concession by Said.

● 1864 - American Civil War: Union General William Tecumseh Sherman burns Atlanta, Georgia and starts Sherman's March to the Sea. Later, they made a movie about how distressing this was to slaveholders.

● 1889 - Brazil is declared a republic by Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca and Emperor Pedro II is deposed in a military coup.

● 1895 - Birth of Antoni Slonimski, Polish poet, translator, and newspaper columnist best known for his devotion to pacifism and social justice.

● 1901 - Miller Reese patented an electrical hearing aid.

● 1902 - Anarchist Gennaro Rubin failed in his attempt to murder King Leopold II of Belgium.

● 1917 - Bolsheviks take Moscow, Russian Revolution ends.

● 1920 - First assembly of the League of Nations is held in Geneva.

● 1926 - The National Broadcasting Co. debuted with a radio network of 24 stations. The first network radio broadcast was a four-hour "spectacular."

● 1926 - Italy - Mussolini begins to issue the "laws of exceptions," instituting special "tribunals of state defense," with many anarchists arrested and deported.

● 1935 - Canada and the United States signed the reciprocal trade agreement in Washington.

● 1937 - First congressional session in air-conditioned chambers, provides only superficial relief from hot air.

● 1938 - Jews expelled from German colleges.

● 1939 - Nazis begin mass murder of Warsaw Jews.

● 1939 - Social Security Administration approves first unemployment check.

● 1939 - In Washington, D.C., US President Franklin D. Roosevelt lays the cornerstone of the Jefferson Memorial.

● 1940 - Germans bomb Coventry to destruction; The German Luftwaffe bombs Coventry in a massive raid leaving much of the city devastated.

● 1940 - The first 75,000 men were called to armed forces duty under peacetime conscription.

● 1941 - SS chief Heinrich Himmler orders the arrest and deportation to concentration camps of all homosexuals in Germany, with the exception of certain top Nazi officials.

● 1942 - Completion of arrests of entire Jewish population (2,300) in Nazi-occupied Norway.

● 1942 - World War II: The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal ends in a decisive Allied victory.

● 1943 - German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies were to be put "on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps." (see Porajmos)

● 1948 - Louis Stephen St. Laurent succeeds William Lyon Mackenzie King as Prime Minister of Canada. King had the longest combined time (3 terms, 22 years in total) as Premier in Commonwealth of Nations history.

● 1949 - Nathuram Godse and Narayan Apte executed for assassinating Mahatma Gandhi.

● 1951 - Murder on Malay rubber estate; Anti-government rebels kill 11 people in an attack on a rubber plantation in Malaya.

● 1952 - The Bugs Bunny Cartoon Rabbit's Kin is released in theaters, it introduces Pete Puma and Buster Rabbit.

● 1956 - The first film starring Elvis Presley, Love Me Tender, opens.

● 1957 - U.S. Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy (SANE), the precursor of SANE/FREEZE (now Peace Action), founded.

● 1957 Patriarch Ignatius Yacoub III officially established the Archdiocese of the Syrian Orthodox Church in the U.S. and Canada. At the same time, Archbishop Mar Athanasius Yeshue Samuel, former Syrian Orthodox metropolitan of Jerusalem, was appointed primate of the new archdiocese, and soon after took up residence in Hackensack, New Jersey.

● 1958 - Morocco promulgates a press code.

● 1959 - Four members of the Herbert Clutter Family murdered at their farm outside Holcomb, Kansas.

● 1960 - The Polaris missile is test launched.

● 1965 - The Soviet probe, Venera 3, was launched from Baikonur, Kazakhstan. On March 1, 1966, it became the first unmanned spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet when it crashed on Venus.

● 1966 - Gemini program: The flight of Gemini 12 ended successfully as astronauts James A. Lovell and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin Jr. splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean.

● 1967 - The only fatality of the X-15 program occurs during the 191st flight when Air Force test pilot Michael J. Adams loses control of his aircraft, and is destroyed mid-air over the Mojave Desert.

● 1969 - Cold War: The Soviet submarine K-19 collides with the American submarine USS Gato in the Barents Sea.

● 1969 - Over 500,000 people march on Washington, rallying in front of the White House, to protest war in Vietnam, while Pres. Nixon watches Purdue-Ohio State football game on TV. The rally concludes with nearly 40 hours of continuous reading of known U.S. deaths (to that date) in Vietnam War.

● 1969 - Dave Thomas opens the first Wendy's fast food restaurant in Dublin, Ohio.

● 1969 - Janis Joplin arrested for use of "vulgar and indecent language" in Tampa, Florida. Arrested in her dressing room, she was released on $504 bond. All charges were eventually dropped.

● 1970 - the Soviet Lunokhod 1 moon rover lands on the moon

● 1971 - Intel releases world's first commercial single-chip microprocessor, the 4004.

● 1976 - René Lévesque and the Parti Québécois take power to become the first Quebec government of the 20th century clearly in favour of independence.

● 1976 - Plains Baptist Church, home church of Pres. Jimmy Carter, under pressure to admit African-Americans since Reverend Clennon King had announced his intentions to join the congregation, votes its acceptance.

● 1977 - Princess Anne gives birth to Master Phillips; Princess Anne gives birth to a boy - the first royal baby to be born a commoner for more than 500 years.

● 1978 - A chartered DC-8 crashes near Colombo, Sri Lanka, killing 183.

● 1978 - Death of radical anthropologist Margaret Mead.

● 1979 - A package from the Unabomber Ted Kaczynski begins smoking in the cargo hold of a flight from Chicago to Washington, forcing the plane to make an emergency landing.

● 1982 - Funeral services were held in Moscow for Soviet President Leonid Brezhnev.

● 1983 - Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is founded.

● 1984 - Baby Fae, the month-old infant who had received a baboon's heart to replace her own congenitally deformed one, died at a California medical center three weeks after the transplant.

● 1985 - A research assistant is injured as a package from the Unabomber addressed to a University of Michigan professor explodes.

● 1985 - The Anglo-Irish Agreement is signed at Hillsborough Castle by British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Irish Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald giving Dublin an official consultative role in governing Northern Ireland for the first time in more than 60 years - Unionists accuse Mrs. Thatcher of treachery.

● 1986 - Ivan F. Boesky, reputed to be the highest-paid person on Wall Street, faced penalties of $100 million for insider stock trading. It was the highest penalty ever imposed by the SEC.

● 1986 - A government tribunal in Nicaragua convicted American Eugene Hasenfus of delivering arms to Contra rebels and sentenced him to 30 years in prison. He was pardoned a month later.

● 1987 - Continental Airlines Flight 1713, a Douglas DC-9-14 jetliner, crashes in a snowstorm at Denver, Colorado Stapleton International Airport, killing 28 occupants, while 54 survive the crash.

● 1988 - In the Soviet Union, the unmanned Shuttle Buran is launched on her first and last space flight.

● 1988 - Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: An independent State of Palestine is proclaimed by the Palestinian National Council.

● 1988 - The first Fairtrade label, Max Havelaar, is launched in the Netherlands by Nico Roozen, Frans van der Hoff and ecumenical development agency Solidaridad.

● 1989 - Sachin Tendulkar makes his Test cricket debut playing for India against Pakistan.

● 1990 - Space Shuttle program: Space Shuttle Atlantis launches with flight STS-38.

● 1990 - Producers acknowledge that Milli Vanilli, who won the 1990 "Best New Artist" Grammy Award, did not sing themselves on their album.

● 1990 - A judge in Mineola, N.Y., sentenced Joey Buttafuoco to six months in jail for the statutory rape of Amy Fisher, who shot and wounded Buttafuoco's wife, Mary Jo.

● 1991 - Brazil's Pres. Collor signs decree to return original lands to Yanomani Indians. Unfortunately, the decree means little as gold miners and ranchers continue to steal land and murder the Yanomani with impunity.

● 1992 - BART (San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit) police murder unarmed Jerrold Hall at Hayward, Calif. station.

● 1992 - Richard Petty drove in the final race of his 35-year career.

● 1993 - A judge in Mineola, NY, sentenced Joey Buttafuoco to six months in jail for the statutory rape of Amy Fisher. Fisher was serving a prison sentence for shooting and wounding Buttafuoco's wife, Mary Jo.

● 1995 - Texaco agreed to pay $176 million to settle a race-discrimination lawsuit.

● 1998 - Iraqi climbdown averts air strikes; Britain and America call back their bombers after Iraq agrees to allow UN weapons inspectors back into the country.

● 1999 - Representatives from China and the United States signed a major trade agreement that involved China's membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO).

● 1999 - Neopets is founded.

● 2000 - A chartered Antonov AN-24 crashes after takeoff from Luanda, Angola killing more than 40 people

● 2000 - Three police officers from the Rampart division of the Los Angeles police department were convicted on several counts of conspiracy to obstruct justice. One other officer was acquitted. The case was the first major case against the anti-gang unit.

● 2001 - Microsoft releases the Xbox, the company's first video game console.

● 2002 - Hu Jintao replaced Jiang Zemin as general secretary of the Communist Party of China.

● 2003 - The first day of the 2003 Istanbul Bombings takes place, to be followed by additional bombings on November 20.

● 2004 - New Jersey Governor Jim McGreevey leaves office, three months after resigning due to a gay extra-marital affair. State Senator Richard Codey takes over as interim governor.

● 2004 - Baseball players and owners agreed on a tougher steroids-testing policy.

● 2005 - In Amiens, France, Isabelle Dinoire became the first person to undergo a partial face transplant. She had been attacked by a dog earlier in the year.

BIRTHS

● 1316 - John I of France (d. 1316)

● 1397 - Pope Nicholas V (d. 1455)

● 1498 - Eleonore of Austria, Queen of Portugal and France (d. 1558)

● 1511 - Johannes Secundus, Dutch poet (d. 1536)

● 1556 - Jacques-Davy Duperron, French cardinal (d. 1618)

● 1559 - Archduke Albert of Austria, Governor of the Low Countries (d. 1621)

● 1607 - Madeleine de Scudéry, French writer (d. 1701)

● 1660 - Hermann von der Hardt, German historian (d. 1746)

● 1661 - Christoph von Graffenried, Swiss settler in Americas (d. 1743)

● 1688 - Louis Bertrand Castel, French matematician (d. 1757)

● 1692 - Eusebius Amort, German Catholic theologian (d. 1775)

● 1708 - William Pitt(The Elder), 1st Earl of Chatham, English politician and statesman (d. 1778)

● 1731 - William Cowper, English poet (d. 1800)

● 1738 - William Herschel, German-born astronomer (d. 1822)

● 1741 - Johann Kaspar Lavater, German philosopher (d. 1801)

● 1757 - Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher, Danish surgeon (d. 1830)

● 1784 - Jerome Bonaparte, King of Westphalia and marshal of France (d. 1860)

● 1793 - Michel Chasles, French mathematician (d. 1880)

● 1849 - James O'Neill, Irish-born American actor (d. 1920)

● 1852 - Tewfik Pasha, Khedive of Egypt (d. 1892)

● 1859 - Christopher Hornsrud, Prime Minister of Norway (d. 1960)

● 1862 - Gerhart Hauptmann, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1946)

● 1874 - August Krogh, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (d. 1949)

● 1879 - Lewis Stone, American actor (d. 1953)

● 1881 - Franklin Pierce Adams, American newspaper columnist, radio commentator and poet (d. 1960)

● 1882 - Felix Frankfurter, American legal scholar and U.S. Supreme Court Justice(1939-62) (d. 1965)

● 1886 - René Guénon, French-Egyptian author (d. 1951)

● 1887 - Marianne Moore, American poet (d. 1972)

● 1887 - Georgia O'Keeffe, one of America's foremost 20th-century painters (d. 1986)

● 1889 - Manuel II of Portugal (d. 1932)

● 1890 - Richmal Crompton, British author (d. 1969)

● 1891 - Averell Harriman, American businessman and statesman (d. 1986)

● 1891 - Erwin Rommel, German field marshal (d. 1944)

● 1895 - Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)

● 1895 - Antoni Słonimski, Polish writer (d. 1976)

● 1897 - Aneurin Bevan, British politician (d. 1960)

● 1897 - Sacheverell Sitwell, English writer (d. 1988)

● 1899 - Avdy Andresson, Estonian Minister of War in Exile (d. 1990)

● 1899 - Iskander Mirza, first President of Pakistan (d. 1969)

● 1903 - Stewie Dempster, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1974)

● 1905 - Mantovani, Italian-born composer (d. 1980)

● 1906 - Curtis LeMay, U.S. Air Force general and Vice Presidential candidate with George Wallace (1968) (d. 1990)

● 1907 - Claus von Stauffenberg, would-be assassin of Adolph Hitler (d. 1944)

● 1913 - Arthur Haulot, Belgian journalist (d. 2005)

● 1919 - Joseph Wapner, U.S. jurist and TV personality (''The People's Court'')

● 1925 - Howard Baker, U.S. Senator, White House Chief of Staff and U.S. ambassador to Japan

● 1925 - Yuli Daniel, Russian writer (d. 1988)

● 1927 - Gregor Mackenzie, Labour Party (UK) politician (d. 1992)

● 1929 - Ed Asner, American activist and actor (''The Mary Tyler Moore Show,'' ''Lou Grant'')

● 1930 - J. G. Ballard, British author

● 1931 - Pascal Lissouba, Republic of the Congo politician

● 1931 - Mwai Kibaki, Kenya's third president

● 1932 - Petula Clark, English singer and actress

● 1932 - Clyde McPhatter, American singer (d. 1972)

● 1933 - Jack Burns, Comedian

● 1934 - Joanna Barnes, Actress

● 1936 - Wolf Biermann, German writer

● 1937 - Little Willie John, American singer (d. 1968)

● 1937 - Yaphet Kotto, American actor

● 1940 - Sam Waterston, American actor (''Law and Order'')

● 1942 - Daniel Barenboim, Argentine-born conductor

● 1945 - Anni-Frid Lyngstad (Frida), Norwegian singer (ABBA)

● 1945 - Roger Donaldson, Australian producer/director

● 1945 - Bob Gunton, Actor

● 1947 - Bill Richardson, Governor of New Mexico

● 1951 - Beverly D'Angelo, American actress

● 1952 - Randy Savage, American professional wrestler

● 1952 - Zoltán Buday, Hungarian born actor

● 1953 - James Widdoes, Director

● 1954 - Aleksander Kwaśniewski, President of Poland

● 1954 - Beverly D'Angelo, Actress

● 1954 - Mitch Easter, Rock singer-producer

● 1956 - Michael Hampton, American guitarist (Funkadelic)

● 1957 - Kevin Eubanks, American jazz guitarist and Bandleader (''The Tonight Show With Jay Leno'')

● 1963 - Benny Elias, Australian rugby player

● 1965 - Nigel Bond, English snooker player

● 1967 - E-40, American Rapper

● 1967 - Pedro Borbón, Jr., Baseball player

● 1968 - Ol' Dirty Bastard, American rapper (d. 2004)

● 1969 - Shane Mack, American politician

● 1969 - Rachel True, Actress

● 1970 - Patrick Mboma, Cameroonian footballer

● 1970 - Jack Ingram, Country singer

● 1972 - Jonny Lee Miller, English actor

● 1973 - Jesse Merz, American actor

● 1974 - David Carr, Rock musician (Third Day)

● 1974 - Chad Kroeger, Rock musician (Nickelback)

● 1976 - Virginie Ledoyen, French actress

● 1976 - Brandon DiCamillo, American comedian

● 1979 - Josemi, Spanish footballer

● 1979 - Brett Lancaster, Australian cyclist

● 1980 - Ace Young, American singer

● 1983 - Fernando Verdasco, Spanish tennis player

● 1986 - Sania Mirza, Indian tennis player

● 1988 - Zena Grey, American actress

● 1993 - Irie Saaya, Japanese model

DEATHS

● 655 - Penda, King of Mercia

● 1028 - Constantine VIII Byzantine Emperor (b. 960)

● 1136 - Margrave Leopold III of Austria (b. 1073)

● 1280 - Albertus Magnus, German theologian

● 1463 - Giovanni Antonio del Balzo Orsini, Prince of Taranto and Constable of Naples

● 1579 - Ferenc Dávid, Hungarian religious reformer (b. 1510)

● 1628 - Roque Gonzales, Paraguayan missionary (b. 1576)

● 1630 - Johannes Kepler, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1571)

● 1670 - Comenius, Czech writer (b. 1592)

● 1691 - Aelbert Cuyp, Dutch painter (b. 1620)

● 1706 - Tsangyang Gyatso, 6th Dalai Lama (b. 1683)

● 1712 - James Douglas, 4th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish nationalist (b. 1658)

● 1712 - Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun, English politician (b. 1675)

● 1787 - Christoph Willibald Gluck, German composer (b. 1714)

● 1794 - John Witherspoon, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1723)

● 1795 - Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo, French painter (b. 1719)

● 1853 - Queen Maria II of Portugal (b. 1819)

● 1908 - Empress Dowager Cixi, Chinese ruler (b. 1835)

● 1910 - Wilhelm Raabe, German writer (b. 1831)

● 1916 - Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1846)

● 1917 - Émile Durkheim, French sociologist (b. 1858)

● 1919 - Alfred Werner, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1866)

● 1954 - Lionel Barrymore, American actor (b. 1878)

● 1958 - Tyrone Power, American actor (b. 1914)

● 1959 - Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Scottish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)

● 1961 - Elsie Ferguson, American actress (b.1883)

● 1963 - Fritz Reiner, Hungarian conductor (b. 1988)

● 1965 - Dawn Powell, American poet (b. 1896)

● 1967 - Michael J. Adams, American test pilot (b. 1930)

● 1969 - Iskander Mirza, first President of Pakistan (b. 1899)

● 1971 - Rudolf Abel, Soviet spy (b. 1903)

● 1971 - Edie Sedgwick, American actress and model (b. 1943)

● 1978 - Margaret Mead, American anthropologist (b. 1901)

● 1983 - John Le Mesurier, British actor (b. 1912)

● 1983 - Charlie Grimm, baseball player (b. 1898)

● 1988 - Billo Frómeta,Dominican Republic orchestra conductor, arranger and composer (b. 1915)

● 1990 - Alydar, American racehorse (b. 1975)

● 1994 - Elizabeth George Speare, award-winning American children's author (b. 1908)

● 1996 - Alger Hiss, American government official and alleged spy (b. 1904)

● 1998 - Stokely Carmichael, American civil rights activist (b. 1941)

● 2002 - Eddie Bracken, American actor (b. 1915)

● 2002 - Myra Hindley, English murderer (b. 1942)

● 2003 - Ray Lewis, Canadian athlete (b. 1910)

● 2003 - Dorothy Loudon, American actress (b. 1933)

● 2003 - Laurence Tisch, American businessman (b. 1923)

● 2004 - Elmer L. Andersen, Governor of Minnesota (b. 1909)

● 2004 - John Morgan, Canadian comedian (b. 1930)

● 2005 - Dr. Adrian Rogers, American Southern Baptist Minister and leader (b. 1931)

● 2005 - Arto Salminen, Finnish writer (b. 1959)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman festivals - Festival in honor of Feronia (others say 13 November)

● Roman Catholic Saints:
● St. Albert the Great
● St. Zachary
● St. Leopold
● St. Abibus
● St. Arnulf
● St. Zachariah
● St. Secundus, Fidentian, & Varicus
● St. Desiderius
● St. Findan
● St. Gaius of Korea
● St. Hugh Faringdon, Blessed
● St. Hugh Green, Blessed
● St. Luperius
● St. Machudd
● St. Malo
● St. Paduinus
● Bl. John Eynon
● Bl. John Rugg
● Bl. John Thorne
● Bl. Richard Whiting
● Bl. Roger James

● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar October 30 (Civil Date: November 15)
● St. Philip the Apostle
● Hieromartyr Zenobius and his sister Zenobia of Aegae in Cilicia.
● Martyr Eutropia of Alexandria.
● Martyr Anastasia of Thessalonica (same as Anastasia the Roman).
● Apostles Tertius, Mark, Justus and Artemas of the Seventy.
● Hieromartyr Marcian, Bishop of Syracuse.
● Martyrs Alexander, Cronion, Julian, Macarius and 13 companions at Alexandria.
● Martyr Dometius of Phrygia.
● St. Stephen Miliutin, his brother St. Dragutin (Theoctistus in monasticism), and their mother St. Helen, of Serbia.

● Greek Calendar:
● Apostle Cleopas and Patriarch Joseph of Constantinople.
● Martyr Manuel.
● Beginning of Winter Lent

● Austria - Saint Leopold's day -- no school in Vienna, Lower Austria and Upper Austria

● Belgium - King's day, not an official holiday, but some state institutions are closed

● Brazil - Republic Proclamation Day (1889)

● Palestine - Independence Day (declared 1988)

● Norway - The official skolebrød-day on Sunnland skole

● USA - America Recycles Day

● Japan : 7-5-3 Festival Day

● This holiday is only applicable on a given "day of the week"
● West Germany : Repentance Day – ( Wednesday )


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

On This Day Website

Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.

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