September 27......

September 27 is the 270th (271st in leap years) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 95 days remaining.

EVENTS

● 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona, and is defeated again.

● 1331 - the Battle of Plowce between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order took place.

● 1540 - The Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) receives its charter from Pope Paul III.

● 1590 - Pope Urban VII dies 13 days after being chosen as the Pope, making his reign the shortest papacy in history.

● 1605 - The armies of Sweden are utterly defeated by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm

● 1779 - John Adams was named to negotiate the Revolutionary War's peace terms with Britain.

● 1787 - The United States Constitution is delivered to the states for ratification.

● 1821 - Mexico gains its independence from Spain.

● 1822 - Jean-François Champollion announces that he has deciphered the Rosetta stone.

● 1825 - The Stockton and Darlington Railway operated by George Stephenson in England opens, and begins operation of the world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains.

● 1854 - The steamship Arctic sinks with 300 people on board. This marks the first great disaster in the Atlantic Ocean.

● 1903 - Wreck of the Old 97, a train crash made famous by the song of the same name.

● 1905 - Albert Einstein publishes the paper "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" in Annalen der Physik. This paper revealed the relationship between energy and mass.

● 1922 - King Constantine I of Greece abdicates his throne in favor of his eldest son, King George II.

● 1928 - The United States said it was recognizing the Nationalist Chinese government.

● 1937 - Last Balinese Tiger killed.

● 1938 - Ocean liner Queen Elizabeth launched in Glasgow.

● 1939 - Warsaw, Poland, surrendered after weeks of resistance to invading forces from Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union during World War II.

● 1940 - The Tripartite Pact is signed in Berlin by Germany, Japan and Italy forming the Axis (the bad guys of WWII).

● 1941 - The SS Patrick Henry is launched becoming the first of more than 2,700 Liberty ships.

● 1942 - Glenn Miller and his Orchestra performed together for the last time, at the Central Theater in Passaic, N.J., prior to Miller's entry into the Army.

● 1949 - The first Plenary Session of the National People's Congress approves the design of the Flag of the People's Republic of China.

● 1953 - TV Record, Brazilian TV Network, debuts.

● 1954 - The nationwide debut of Tonight! (The Tonight Show) hosted by Steve Allen on NBC.

● 1959 - Nearly 5000 people die on the main Japanese island of Honshu as the result of a typhoon.

● 1962 - Rebels in Yemen assassinate Iman Ahmed and establish republic.

● 1964 - The Warren Commission releases its report, concluding that Lee Harvey Oswald, acting alone, assassinated President John F. Kennedy.

● 1968 - The stage musical Hair opened at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London, one day after the abolition of theatre censorship, where it played 1,998 performances until its closure was forced by the roof's collapsing in July 1973.

● 1970 - Arab leaders sign Jordan peace deal; The king of Jordan and the leader of the PLO's Yasser Arafat agree a ceasefire at a summit of Arab leaders in Cairo, Egypt.

● 1977 - The 300 metre tall CKVR-TV transmission tower in Barrie, Ontario, Canada is hit by a light aircraft in a fog, causing it to collapse. All aboard the aircraft are killed.

● 1979 - The United States Department of Education receives final approval from the U.S. Congress to become the 13th US Cabinet agency.

● 1980 - Marvin Hagler defeats Alan Minter to claim boxing's world Middleweight championship in London. They have to be escorted away by police after a riot forms.

● 1983 - Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free Unix-like operating system.

● 1985 - Hurricane Gloria hits Long Island, New York.

● 1988 - Johnson stripped of Olympic gold; Sprinter Ben Johnson is sent home from the Seoul Olympic Games in disgrace.

● 1988 - The National League for Democracy, led by Aung San Suu Kyi is founded.

● 1990 - The Senate Judiciary Committee approved the Supreme Court nomination of David H. Souter.

● 1991 - The Senate Judiciary Committee deadlocked, 7-7, on the nomination of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court.

● 1994 - More than 350 Republican congressional candidates signed the ''Contract with America,'' a 10-point platform they pledged to enact if voters sent a GOP majority to the U.S. House.

● 1995 - The Government of the United States unveils its redesigned $100 bill featuring a larger portrait of Benjamin Franklin slightly off-center.

● 1996 - In Afghanistan, the Taliban, a band of former seminary students, capture the capital city Kabul after driving out the government of Afghani President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.

● 1997 - Communications are suddenly lost with the Mars Pathfinder space probe.

● 1998 - Google is established

● 1998 - Social Democrat Gerhard Schroeder was elected chancellor of Germany, ending 16 years of conservative rule under Kohl.

● 1998 - Mark McGwire of the St. Louis Cardinals hit his record-setting 69th and 70th home runs during the last game of the season.

● 1999 - The last professional baseball game is played at historic Tiger Stadium in Detroit, Michigan, after 87 years as home of baseball's Detroit Tigers.

● 2001 - An armed Swiss man went on a shooting rampage in the local parliament in Zug, Switzerland, killing 14 people before taking his own life.

● 2001 - President George W. Bush announced plans to bolster airline security in the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks.

● 2002 - Timor-Leste (East Timor) joins the United Nations.

● 2003 - Smart 1 satellite is launched.

● 2004 - NBC announced that ''Tonight Show'' host Jay Leno would be succeeded by ''Late Night'' host Conan O'Brien in 2009.

● 2005 - Army reservist Lynndie England was sentenced to three years behind bars for her role in the Abu Ghraib prison scandal.

BIRTHS

● 1275 - John II of Brabant (d. 1312)

● 1389 - Cosimo de Medici, ruler of Florence (d. 1464)

● 1601 - King Louis XIII of France (d. 1643)

● 1627 - Jacques Benigne Bossuet, French bishop (d. 1704)

● 1643 - Solomon Stoddard, American Puritan clergyman

● 1696 - Alphonsus Liguori, Italian founder of the Redemptionist order and theologian (d. 1787)

● 1719 - Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (d. 1800)

● 1722 - Samuel Adams, American revolutionary leader and beer advertising icon (d. 1803)

● 1729 - Michael Denis, Austrian poet (d. 1800)

● 1803 - Samuel Francis du Pont, American admiral (d. 1865)

● 1805 - George Müller, Prussian orphanage builder (d. 1898)

● 1818 - Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (d. 1884)

● 1821 - Henri Frederic Amiel, Swiss writer (d. 1881)

● 1824 - William "Bull" Nelson, American Civil War general (d. 1862)

● 1824 - Benjamin Gould, American astronomer (d. 1896)

● 1830 - William Babcock Hazen, American Civil War general (d. 1887)

● 1840 - Thomas Nast, German-born American political cartoonist (d. 1902)

● 1840 - Alfred Thayer Mahan, Influential American naval strategist (d. 1914)

● 1842 - Alphonse Francois Renard, Belgian geologist (d. 1903)

● 1843 - Gaston Tarry, French mathematician (d. 1913)

● 1866 - Eurosia Fabris, Italian Catholic Blessed (d. 1932)

● 1871 - Grazia Deledda, Italian writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1936)

● 1879 - Hans Hahn, Austrian mathematician (d. 1934)

● 1879 - Cyril Scott, English composer (d. 1970)

● 1885 - Harry Blackstone, Sr., American magician and illusionist (d. 1965)

● 1894 - Lothar von Richthofen German pilot (d. 1922)

● 1896 - Sam Ervin, American senator from North Carolina (D); chairman of the committee that investigated Watergate scandal (d. 1985)

● 1898 - Vincent Youmans, American composer and producer (b. 1946)

● 1906 - William Empson, British poet (d. 1984)

● 1906 - Jim Thompson, American author (d. 1977)

● 1907 - Maurice Blanchot, French philosopher (d. 2003)

● 1907 - Bhagat Singh, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1931)

● 1913 - Albert Ellis, American psychologist

● 1918 - Sir Martin Ryle, English radio astronomer, Nobel laureate (d. 1984)

● 1919 - James H. Wilkinson, American mathematician (d. 1986)

● 1919 - Charles Percy, Former U.S. senator, R-IL

● 1920 - William Conrad, American radio, film and television actor and producer (d. 1994)

● 1920 - Jayne Meadows, American actress

● 1922 - Carl Ballantine, American actor

● 1922 - Arthur Penn, American director

● 1924 - Bernard Waber, American author

● 1924 - Fred Singer, American scientist

● 1924 - Earl "Bud" Powell, American jazz pianist and composer (d. 1966)

● 1927 - Romano Scarpa, Italian comic book artist

● 1927 - Steve Stavro, Canadian businessman (d. 2006)

● 1929 - Sada Thompson, American Actress

● 1931 - Freddy Quinn, Austrian singer

● 1932 - Roger C. Carmel, American actor (d. 1986)

● 1932 - Michael Colvin, Canadian singer

● 1932 - Oliver E. Williamson, American economist

● 1933 - Will Sampson, American actor (d. 1987)

● 1933 - Greg Morris, American television and movie actor (d. 1996)

● 1933 - Kathleen Nolan, Actress

● 1934 - Wilford Brimley, American actor

● 1934 - Claude Jarman Jr., American actor

● 1934 - Dick Schaap, American sports reporter (d. 2001)

● 1936 - Don Cornelius, American television host and producer (''Soul Train'')

● 1936 - Gordon Honeycombe, British playwright

● 1939 - Kathy Whitworth, American golfer

● 1941 - Serge Ménard, Québécois politician

● 1942 - Dith Pran, Cambodian-born photojournalist

● 1942 - Alvin Stardust, English singer

● 1943 - Randy Bachman, Canadian musician(Bachman-Turner Overdrive)

● 1945 - Jack Goldstein, Canadian-born artist (d. 2003)

● 1946 - Robin Nedwell, English comedy actor (d. 1999)

● 1947 - Barbara Dickson, Scottish singer

● 1947 - Meat Loaf, American singer

● 1947 - Liz Torres, Actress (''Gilmore Girls'')

● 1948 - Michele Dotrice, English actor

● 1948 - A. Martinez, American actor

● 1948 - Tom Braidwood, Canadian actor

● 1949 - Graham Richardson, Australian politician

● 1949 - Mike Schmidt, baseball player and Hall of Fame member

● 1949 - Jahn Teigen, Norwegian singer

● 1950 - Cary-Hiroyuki Tagaw, Actor

● 1951 - Jim Shooter, American comic book writer

● 1951 - Paul Craig, British law professor

● 1951 - Michel Rivard, Québécois singer and composer (Beau Dommage)

● 1952 - Dumitru Prunariu, Romanian cosmonaut

● 1952 - André Viger, French Canadian marathoner

● 1953 - Diane Julie Abbott, British politician

● 1953 - Mick Wagner, American monologist

● 1953 - Mata Amritanandamayi, Indian religious leader

● 1953 - Greg Ham, Rock musician (Men at Work)

● 1958 - Shaun Cassidy, American singer

● 1961 - Irvine Welsh, Scottish writer

● 1961 - Andy Lau, Hong Kong actor

● 1964 - Stephan Jenkins, Rock singer (Third Eye Blind)

● 1965 - Steve Kerr, Lebanese-born basketball player

● 1965 - Peter MacKay, Canadian political leader

● 1965 - Alexis Stewart, American radio personality

● 1965 - Bernard Lord, Canadian politician, premier of New Brunswick

● 1966 - Lorenzo Cherubini, Italian singer Jovanotti

● 1968 - Patrick Muldoon, Actor

● 1970 - Mark Calderon, Singer (Color Me Badd)

● 1971 - Amanda Detmer, Actress

● 1971 - Li Yapeng, Chinese actor

● 1972 - Sylvia Crawley, American basketball player

● 1972 - Clara Hughes, Canadian cyclist

● 1972 - Gwyneth Paltrow, American actress

● 1976 - Francesco Totti, Italian footballer

● 1977 - Andrus Värnik, Estonian javelin thrower

● 1977 - Patrick Bourque, Country musician (Emerson Drive)

● 1978 - Brad Arnold, American singer (3 Doors Down)

● 1978 - Jon Rauch, American baseball player

● 1981 - Lakshmipathy Balaji, Indian cricketer

● 1981 - Brendon McCullum, New Zealand cricketer

● 1982 - Lil Wayne, American rapper

● 1984 - Avril Lavigne, Canadian rock singer

● 1984 - Paul Bevan, Australian football player

● 1985 - Jamar Butler, American basketball player

DEATHS

● 1249 - Count Raymond VII of Toulouse (b. 1197)

● 1304 - John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey, English soldier

● 1404 - William of Wykeham, English bishop (b. 1320)

● 1557 - Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (b. 1497)

● 1590 - Pope Urban VII (b. 1521)

● 1651 - Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria (b. 1573)

● 1660 - Vincent de Paul, French saint (b. 1580)

● 1700 - Pope Innocent XII (b. 1615)

● 1719 - George Smalridge, English Bishop of Bristol (b. 1662)

● 1730 - Laurence Eusden, English poet (b. 1688)

● 1735 - Peter Artedi, Swedish naturalist (b. 1705)

● 1737 - John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester, English privy councillor (b. 1680)

● 1742 - Hugh Boulter, Irish Archbishop of Armagh (b. 1672)

● 1783 - Étienne Bézout, French mathematician (b. 1730)

● 1832 - Karl Christian Friedrich Krause, German philosopher (b. 1781)

● 1876 - Braxton Bragg, American Confederate general (b. 1817)

● 1891 - Ivan Goncharov, Russian author (b. 1812)

● 1911 - Auguste Michel-Lévy, French geologist (b. 184)

● 1917 - Edgar Degas, French painter (b. 1834)

● 1921 - Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (b. 1854)

● 1940 - Walter Benjamin, German philosopher (b. 1892)

● 1940 - Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Austrian neuroscientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1857)

● 1944 - Aimee Semple McPherson, American evangelist (b. 1890)

● 1956 - Gerald Finzi, English composer (b. 1901)

● 1956 - Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete (b. 1911)

● 1960 - Sylvia Pankhurst, English suffragette (b. 1882)

● 1965 - Clara Bow, American actress (b. 1905)

● 1967 - Prince Felix Yussupov, Russian assassin of Rasputin (b. 1887)

● 1972 - S. R. Ranganathan, Indian mathematician (b. 1892)

● 1975 - Jack Lang, Australian politician (b. 1876)

● 1979 - Dame Gracie Fields, British comedian (b. 1898)

● 1981 - Robert Montgomery, American actor (b. 1904)

● 1985 - Lloyd Nolan, American actor (b. 1902)

● 1986 - Cliff Burton, American musician (Metallica) (b. 1962)

● 1991 - Oona O'Neill, daughter of playwright Eugene O'Neill and 4th wife of Charlie Chaplin (b. 1926)

● 1993 - Jimmy Doolittle, American general (b. 1896)

● 1996 - Mohammad Najibullah, President of Afghanistan (b. 1947)

● 1997 - Walter Trampler, American violist (b. 1915)

● 1998 - Narita Bryan, Japanese racehorse (b. 1991)

● 1998 - Doak Walker, American footballer (b. 1927)

● 2003 - Donald O'Connor, American actor (b. 1925)

● 2005 - Ronald Golias, Brazilian comedian (b. 1929)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● RC Saints - Saint Vincent de Paul

● Ethiopian Orthodox Church - Meskel

● Also see September 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

● Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Mashíyyat (Will) - First day of the eleventh month of the Bahá'í calendar

● Belgium - French Community Day

● To Live Is To Die Day

● French Republican Calendar - Balsamine (Impatiens) Day, sixth day in the Month of Vendémiaire

● World Tourism Day


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

The BBC Take on the day

On this day in the New York Times