With 88 days between the equinox on September 23 and the solstice on 21 December, this day is considered halfway through the relevant seasons (autumn or fall in the northern hemisphere; spring in the southern hemisphere).
Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Intuition "Intuition is not contrary to reason, but outside the province of reason." — Carl G. Jung
Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Caring for Our Health "If we're going to continue to mandate these things, ultimately, employers will just stop offering health care to their employees." — State Rep. Lee Daniels (R-IL), commenting on the HMO reform bill passed by the Illinois House, 79-97, to curb the anti-consumer excesses of HMO's. "New HMO rules OK'd by House," Chicago Tribune, 4-26-97.
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From Politics "Justice is incidental to law and order." — J. Edgar Hoover
{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}
NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY
An X Class Flare Region on the Sun
Credit: TRACE Project, NASA
Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation
EVENTS
● 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with the government of the Prefecture of the Gauls.
● 1528 - Shipwrecked Spanish conquistador Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca becomes the first known European to set foot in Texas.
● 1632 - Death of King Gustavus Adolphus the Great of Sweden in the Battle of Lützen during the Thirty Years War.
● 1789 - Pope Pius VI appoints Father John Carroll as the first Catholic bishop in the United States.
● 1792 - Duke of Orleans executed by French revolutionaries.
● 1813 - Chilpancingo Congress declares Mexico independent of Spain.
● 1844 - The first constitution of the Dominican Republic is adopted.
● 1861 - Provisional president Jefferson Davis elected to a full, six-year term as president of the Confederate States of America. A term he never gets the chance to finish.
● 1865 - American Civil War: CSS Shenandoah is the last Confederate combat unit to surrender after circumnavigating the globe on its cruise that sank or captured 37 vessels.
● 1868 - U.S.-Lakota treaty signed at Fort Laramie, Wyoming. White settlers were violating provisions of the treaty, meant to keep settlers out of Indian territory, before the ink was dry.
● 1884 - Author/abolitionist William Wells Brown dies in Chelsea, Mass. An escaped slave, Brown's autobiography sold 10,000 copies, a record in his day. Also wrote the first known travelogue by an African-American, and authored the 1853 work "Clotel; Or The President's Daughter - A Narrative of Slave Life in the United States," the first fictional work published by an African-American.
● 1887 - Death of Eugene Potter. Poet, revolutionist. Participant in the Revolution of 1848, Paris Commune of 1881. It was then he wrote the Internationale, put to music by Pierre de Geyter in 1888, which brought him recognition as it is adopted by workers worldwide. Condemned to death, fled to England and the U.S. before eventually returning to France.
● 1913 - Gandhi leads the Great March of Indian miners into Transvaal, South Africa. He is arrested for his troubles.
● 1917 - World War I: Third Battle of Ypres ends: After three months of fierce fighting, Canadian forces take Passchendaele in Belgium.
● 1918 - Revolt in shipyards in Kiel and Hamburg, and the creation of Workers' Councils. In three days, Berlin follows suit, the Bavarian monarchy is overthrown, then all Germany, marking the beginning of the Red Bavaria Revolution, involving anarchists, socialists, communists, and people in all walks of life.
● 1918 - First National Conference of Trade Union Women.
● 1918 - The Second Polish Republic is proclaimed in Poland.
● 1922 - Coal mine explosion, Spangler, Pennsylvania, 77 workers die.
● 1923 - U.S.S.R. adopts experimental calendar, with five-day "weeks".
● 1924 - Spain - Revolt in Vera de Bidassoa. Anarchists and civil guards civil clash for two days. A guard is killed, two militants die, four wounded, 19 taken prisoner. Pablo Martin, Enrique Gil, and Santillan are condemned and executed.
● 1925 - Secret agent Sidney Reilly is executed by the OGPU, the secret police of the Soviet Union.
● 1928 - Swedes start a tradition of eating Gustavus Adolphus pastries to commemorate the king.
● 1931 - Indian spiritual leader Meher Baba arrives in the United States for the first time aboard the SS Roma.
● 1935 - Before the New York section of the Institute of Radio Engineers, Edwin Armstrong presents his paper "A Method of Reducing Disturbances in Radio Signaling by a System of Frequency Modulation." {This is the basis for FM radio which until this point had all been AM (Amplitude Modulation).}
● 1935 - First flight of the Hawker Hurricane.
● 1939 - World War II: Sonderaktion Krakau
● 1941 - World War II: Soviet leader Joseph Stalin addresses the Soviet Union for only the second time during his three-decade rule. He states that even though 350,000 troops were killed in German attacks so far, that the Germans have lost 4.5 million soldiers (a wild exaggeration) and that Soviet victory was near.
● 1942 - World War II: SS City of Cairo is sunk by German U-Boat U-68 in the South Atlantic en route to Brazil from Cape Town.
● 1943 - World War II: Russia recaptures Kiev. Before withdrawing, the Germans destroy most of the city's ancient buildings.
● 1944 - Plutonium is first produced at the Hanford Atomic Facility, subsequently used in the Fat Man Atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.
● 1949 - Birth of Judi Bari, redwood activist and bombee.
● 1957 - Félix Gaillard becomes Prime Minister of France.
● 1962 - After losing an election for governor of California to Pat Brown (Jerry's father), former Vice-President Richard M. Nixon tells press he won't be available to kick around any more. {If only it had been true; the ego maniacal Tricky Dick came back for more fun and games.}
● 1962 - U.N. General Assembly urges comprehensive nuclear test ban.
● 1962 - Apartheid: The United Nations General Assembly passes a resolution condemning South Africa's racist apartheid policies and calls for all UN member states to cease military and economic relations with the nation.
● 1963 - Vietnam War: Following the November 1 coup and execution of President Ngo Dinh Diem, coup leader General Duong Van Minh takes over leadership of South Vietnam.
● 1965 - Bill Graham's first concert - a benefit to raise money for San Francisco Mime Troupe, busted for performing in park without a permit.
● 1965 - Cuba and the United States formally agree to start an airlift for Cubans who want to go to the United States. By 1971, 250,000 Cubans will use this program.
● 1967 - Parliament institutes racial segregation in public facilities, Rhodesia.
● 1968 - Responding to a strike called by students, right-wing San Francisco State Univ. President S.I. Hayakawa stations several hundred police on campus. The notoriety he gets from cracking down on the students leads, eventually, to his being elected a U.S. Senator.
● 1971 - Native Onondagans and supporters prevent expansion of interstate highway across their land. Onondaga Nation, New York.
● 1971 - The AEC tests the largest U.S. underground hydrogen bomb, code-named Cannikin, on Amchitka Island in the Aleutians despite petition to U.S. Supreme Court.
● 1975 - Green March begins: 300,000 unarmed Moroccans converge on the southern city of Tarfaya and wait for a signal from King Hassan II of Morocco to cross into Western Sahara.
● 1977 - The Kelly Barnes Dam, located above Toccoa Falls Bible College near Toccoa, Georgia, fails, killing 39.
● 1978 - Anthropologist Margaret Mead, 76, dies of cancer.
● 1984 - U.S. falsely accuses Nicaragua of importing Soviet MIGs.
● 1985 - In Colombia, leftist guerrillas of the April 19 Movement seize control of the Palace of Justice in Bogotá, eventually killing 115 people, 11 of them Supreme Court justices.
● 1985 - "Irangate" scandal: The American press reveals that US President Ronald Reagan had authorized the shipment of arms to Iran.
● 1990 - Saudi Arabian women protest discriminatory laws.
● 1997 - Dominican human rights leader Danilo de la Cruz tortured for seven days to stop strikes.
● 1999 - Australians vote to keep the British monarch as their head of state in the Australian republic referendum.
● 2002 - 12 people are killed in a fire on board a train headed for Vienna from Paris.
● 2004 - An express train collides with a stationary car near the village of Ufton Nervet, England, killing 6 and injuring 150.
● 2005 - The Evansville Tornado of November 2005 kills 25 in Northwestern Kentucky and Southwestern Indiana.
● 2005 - The military junta of Myanmar begins moving its government ministries from Yangon to Pyinmana.
BIRTHS
● 1391 - Edmund de Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (d. 1425)
● 1479 - Joanna I of Castile, queen of Spain (d. 1555)
● 1494 - Suleiman the Magnificent, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1566)
● 1661 - King Charles II of Spain (d. 1700)
● 1692 - Louis Racine, French poet (d. 1763)
● 1753 - Mikhail Kozlovsky, Russian sculptor (d. 1802)
● 1753 - Jean-Baptiste Breval, French composer (d. 1823)
● 1814 - Adolphe Sax, Belgian inventor (d. 1894)
● 1833 - Jonas Lie, Norwegian author (d. 1908)
● 1841 - Nelson W. Aldrich, U.S. Senator from Rhode Island (d. 1915)
● 1841 - Armand Fallières, French president (d. 1931)
● 1851 - Charles Dow, American journalist and economist (d.1902)
● 1854 - John Philip Sousa, American composer (d. 1932)
● 1855 - Ezra Seymour Gosney, American philanthropist and eugenicist (d. 1942)
● 1860 - Ignace Paderewski, Polish pianist, composer, and President of Poland (d. 1941)
● 1861 - James Naismith, Canadian inventor of basketball (d. 1939)
● 1880 - Robert Musil, Austrian novelist (d. 1942)
● 1880 - Chris van Abkoude, Dutch-American writer and novelist (d. 1959)
● 1882 - Thomas Ince, American movie actor, director, producer. (d. 1924)
● 1887 - Walter Johnson, American baseball player (d. 1946)
● 1892 - Harold Ross, American editor (d. 1951)
● 1893 - Edsel Ford, president of Ford Motor Company (d. 1943)
● 1906 - James D. Norris, sportsman and businessman (Chicago Blackhawks) (d. 1966)
● 1914 - Jonathan Harris, American actor (d. 2002)
● 1916 - Ray Conniff, American composer and conductor (d. 2002)
● 1921 - James Jones, American writer (d. 1977)
● 1924 - Jeanette Schmid, Austrian professional whistler, AKA Baroness Lips von Lipstrill (d. 2005)
● 1926 - Frank Carson, Northern Irish comedian
● 1931 - Mike Nichols, American film director
● 1932 - Stonewall Jackson, American country singer
● 1937 - Joe Warfield, American actor
● 1938 - Mack Jones, American baseball player (d. 2004)
● 1938 - Jim Pike, American singer (The Lettermen)
● 1938 - P.J. Proby, American-born singer and actor
● 1938 - Diana E. H. Russell, South African feminist writer and activist
● 1938 - Dumitru Rusu, Romanian painter
● 1939 - Michael Schwerner, American civil rights activist (d. 1964)
● 1940 - Ruth Messinger, Manhattan Borough President and President of the American Jewish World Service
● 1946 - Sally Field, American actress
● 1947 - Jim Rosenthal, English sports presenter
● 1948 - Glenn Frey, American singer (Eagles)
● 1949 - Brad Davis, American actor (d. 1991)
● 1949 - Arturo Sandoval, Cuban-born trumpeter
● 1949 - Nigel Havers, English actor
● 1951 - Peter Althin, Swedish politician and attorney
● 1952 - Michael Cunningham, American writer
● 1954 - Catherine Crier, American television personality
● 1955 - Maria Shriver, American journalist
● 1957 - Klaus Kleinfeld, German industrialist
● 1957 - Cam Clarke, American voice actor
● 1957 - Siobhán McCarthy, Irish singer and actress
● 1957 - Lori Singer, American actress
● 1958 - Trace Beaulieu, American comic actor best known for his work in Mystery Science Theater 3000
● 1960 - Michael Cerveris, American actor
● 1961 - Florent Pagny, French songwriter and singer
● 1961 - Kazuhiko Aoki, Japanese game creator
● 1963 - Rozz Williams, American musician (Christian Death) (d. 1998)
● 1964 - Kerry Conran, American filmmaker
● 1965 - Greg Graffin, American singer (Bad Religion)
● 1966 - Paul Gilbert, American guitarist and singer
● 1966 - Christian Lorenz, German keyboardist (Rammstein)
● 1967 - Rebecca Schaeffer, American actress (d. 1989)
● 1968 - Alfred Williams, American football player
● 1970 - Ethan Hawke, American actor
● 1972 - Garry Flitcroft, English footballer
● 1972 - Thandie Newton, Zambian actress
● 1972 - Rebecca Romijn, American actress
● 1972 - Deivi Cruz, American baseball player
● 1973 - Nell McAndrew, British model
● 1976 - Mike Herrera, American singer and bassist (MxPx)
● 1976 - Jodi Martin, Australian singer-songwriter
● 1976 - Pat Tillman, American football player (d. 2004)
● 1976 - Catherine Clark, Canadian journalist (also daughter of former Canadian Prime Minister Joe Clark)
● 1977 - Patrícia Tavares, Portuguese actress
● 1978 - Jolina Magdangal, Filipina singer, actress and television host
● 1978 - Daniella Cicarelli, Brazilian model and television host
● 1978 - Sandrine Blancke, Belgian actress
● 1978 - Taryn Manning, American actress
● 1978 - Zak Morioka, Brazilian racing driver
● 1979 - Lamar Odom, American basketball player
● 1981 - Cassie Bernall, American murder victim (d. 1999)
● 1981 - Lee Dong Wook, South Korean actor
● 1982 - Sowelu, Japanese pop singer
● 1987 - Ana Ivanović, Serbian tennis player
● 1988 - Emma Stone, American actress
● 1988 - Erik Lund, Swedish football player
● 1989 - Jozy Altidore, American soccer player
DEATHS
● 1231 - Emperor Tsuchimikado of Japan (b. 1196)
● 1406 - Pope Innocent VII
● 1492 - Antoine Busnois, French composer
● 1550 - Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1487)
● 1632 - King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (b. 1594)
● 1656 - King John IV of Portugal (b. 1603)
● 1656 - Jean-Baptiste Morin, French scientist (b. 1583)
● 1692 - Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux, French writer (b. 1619)
● 1752 - Ralph Erskine, Scottish minister (b. 1685)
● 1771 - John Bevis, English physician and astronomer (b. 1695)
● 1790 - James Bowdoin, American Revolutionary leader and politician (b. 1726)
● 1796 - Catherine II of Russia (b. 1729)
● 1816 - Gouverneur Morris, American lawmaker and diplomat (b. 1752)
● 1822 - Claude Louis Berthollet, French chemist (b. 1748)
● 1836 - King Charles X of France (b. 1757)
● 1846 - Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and activist (b. 1800)
● 1846 - Alexander Chavchavadze, Georgian poet and general
● 1893 - Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (b. 1840)
● 1910 - Giuseppe Cesare Abba, Italian patriot and writer (b. 1838)
● 1925 - Khai Dinh, Emperor of Vietnam
● 1929 - Prince Maximilian of Baden, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1867)
● 1936 - Henry Bourne Joy, American automobile executive (b. 1864)
● 1941 - Maurice Leblanc, French novelist (b. 1864)
● 1960 - Erich Raeder, German grand admiral (b. 1876)
● 1964 - Hans von Euler-Chelpin, German-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1863)
● 1964 - Hugo Koblet, Swiss cyclist (b. 1925)
● 1965 - Edgard Varèse, French composer (b. 1883)
● 1965 - Clarence Williams, American musician (b. 1898)
● 1968 - Charles Munch, French conductor and violinist (b. 1891)
● 1968 - Charles B. McVay III, Ex-U.S. Navy Captain (b. 1898)
● 1970 - Agustín Lara, Mexican composer and poet (b. 1900)
● 1978 - Harry Bertoia, Italian artist and designer (b. 1915)
● 1978 - Heiri Suter, Swiss cyclist (b. 1899)
● 1984 - Gastón Suárez, Bolivian novelist and dramatist (b. 1929)
● 1985 - Joel Crothers, Soap Opera Actor (b. 1941)
● 1986 - Elisabeth Grümmer, Alsatian soprano (b. 1911)
● 1987 - Zohar Argov, Israeli singer (b. 1955)
● 1989 - Yusaku Matsuda, Japanese actor (b. 1949)
● 1989 - Dickie Goodman, creator of "break-in" records (b. 1934)
● 1991 - Gene Tierney, American actress (b. 1920)
● 1995 - Aneta Corsaut, American actress (b. 1933)
● 1998 - Marcel Gauthier, Canadian wrestler (b. 1928)
● 2000 - David R. Brower, American environmentalist (b. 1912)
● 2000 - L. Sprague de Camp, American writer (b. 1907)
● 2001 - Anthony Shaffer, English dramatist (b. 1926)
● 2002 - Sid Sackson, American board game designer (b. 1920)
● 2003 - Crash Holly, American professional wrestler (b. 1971)
● 2003 - Rie Mastenbroek, Dutch swimmer (b. 1919)
● 2003 - Eduardo Palomo, Mexican actor (b. 1962)
● 2004 - Fred Dibnah, English television personality (b. 1938)
● 2004 - Johnny Warren, Australian footballer (b. 1943)
● 2005 - Minako Honda, Japanese singer and musical actress (b. 1967)
● 2005 - Rod Donald, New Zealand Politician, Green Party Co-leader (b. 1957)
● 2005 - Miguel Aceves Mejía, Mexican actor, composer and singer. (b. 1915)
● 2006 - Federico (Fico) López, Puerto Rican Olympic basketball player (b. 1962)
● 2006 - Francisco Fernández Ochoa, Spanish alpine skier (b. 1950)
● 2007 - Enzo Biagi, Italian journalist (b. 1920)
● 2007 - Hilda Braid British Actress (b. 1929)
● 2007 - George Grljusich, Australian sports broadcaster (b. c1939)
● 2007 - Sayed Mustafa Kazemi, Afghani politician
● 2007 - George Osmond, Patriarch of The Osmonds (b. 1917)
HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES
● Roman Catholic:
● St. Atticus
● St. Barlaam
● St. Demetrian
● St. Edwen
● St. Efflam
● St. Erlafrid
● St. Felix of Fondi
● St. Felix of Thynissa
● St. Joseph Khang
● St. Leonard of Noblac
● St. Leonard of Reresby
● St. Leonianus
● St. Pinnock
● St. Winnoc / Winoc
● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for October 21 (Civil Date: November 6)
● St. Hilarion the Great.
● Repose of St. Hilarion, Bishop of Meglin in Bulgaria.
● Martyrs Dasius, Gaius, and Zoticus at Nicomedia.
● Saints Theophilus and James, abbots of Omutch (Pskov).
● St. Hilarion, abbot of Pskov.
● St. Hilarion, Schemamonk of the Kiev Caves.
● St. Philotheus of Mt. Athos.
● New Martyr John of the Peloponnesus.
● Saints Vissarion (Bessarion) Sarai, Hieromonk, and Sophronie of Ciorara, monk, confessors, and St. Oprea of Salistie, martyred by the Latins in Romania.
● Greek Calendar:
● Newly revealed Martyrs Andrew, Stephen, Paul and Peter.
● Martyrs Theodota and Socrates the priest in Ancyra.
● Monk martyr Eucratus.
● St. Baruch, monk.
● Monk martyr Zachariah.
● Martyr Azes.
● Translation of the Relics of St. Christodulus the Wonderworker of Patmos.
● Namesday of Elder Hilarion of Optina.
● Dominican Republic - Constitution Day (1844)
● Finland - The Finnish Swedish Heritage Day and an official flag day
● Sweden - Death of King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden and official flag day
● Tajikistan - Constitution Day (1994)
THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING SEVEN SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.
Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.
Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.
Roman Catholic Saint of the Day
Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar
Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004
Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004 Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from 1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004
Permanent Backlink to Post
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