This day usually marks the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere and the winter solstice in the southern hemisphere, and thus is the day of the year with the longest hours of daylight in the northern hemisphere and the shortest in the southern hemisphere.
Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Liberalism "Known more for its fractiousness than its coherence, more for its mutability than its doctrinal consistency, liberalism is best defined as a state of mind: an attitude toward the possibilities of politics and culture that is both defiantly hopeful and deeply skeptical." — Dorothy Wickenden
Stupidest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Christians Against Pluralism "There is no such thing as separation of church and state in the Constitution. It is a lie of the left and we are not going to take it anymore." — Pat Robertson
Thought for the day: "No one really knows enough to be a pessimist."
{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}
NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY
Stars and the Solstice Sun
Composite Credit & Copyright: Jerry Lodriguss (Catching the Light)
Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation
EVENTS
● 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vezerone.
● 1404 - Owain Glyndwr established a Welsh Parliament at Machynlleth and was crowned Prince of Wales.
● 1498 - Jews are expelled from Nurenberg Bavaria by Emperor Maximillian
● 1582 - Incident at Honnōji in Kyoto, Japan.
● 1607 - 1st Protestant Episcopal parish in America established, Jamestown
● 1621 - an execution of 27 Czech lords on the Old Town Square in Prague as a consequence of the battle on the "White Mountain".
● 1633 - Galileo Galilei is forced by Inquisition to "abjure, curse, & detest" his Copernican heliocentric views
● 1639 - Birth of Increase Mather, early American theologian. He published nearly 100 books, and is credited with helping end executions for witchcraft in colonial America.
● 1665 - First soldiers of Le Régiment de Carignan-Salières arrive at Quebec to invade Iroquois territories.
● 1684 - MA Bay Colony's charter revoked
● 1734 - In Montreal in New France (today primarily Quebec), a black slave known by the French name of Marie-Joseph Angélique, having been convicted of the arson that destroyed much of the city, was tortured and hanged by the French authorities in a public ceremony that involved her disgrace and the amputation of a hand.
● 1749 - Halifax, Nova Scotia, founded.
● 1768 - 1st US bachelor of medicine degree (Dr John Archer)
● 1783 - Congress, threatened by a mob of disgruntled soldiers, fled from Philadelphia and reconvened in Princeton, New Jersey.
● 1788 - New Hampshire ratifies the Constitution and is thus admitted as the 9th state in the United States.
● 1788 - The U.S. Constitution went into effect when New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify it.
● 1792 - Vancouver meets Spanish ships Sutil & Mexicana off Vancouver, BC
● 1798 - Irish Rebellion of 1798: The British Army defeats Irish rebels at Battle of Vinegar Hill
● 1802 - First law limiting work hours for children in England; limited to only 12 hours per day.
● 1805 - Great Stoneface Mt. found in NH
● 1813 - Laura Secord sets out to warn British forces of an impending U.S. attack on Queenston, Ontario during the War of 1812.
● 1813 - Peninsular War: Battle of Vitoria
● 1821 - Birth of Henry W. Baker, compiler of 'Hymns Ancient and Modern' the unofficial Anglican church hymnal. He also authored the hymn based on Psalm 23: 'The King of Love My Shepherd Is.'
● 1821 - The African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Zion Church was formally constituted in New York City. Nineteen clergymen were present, representing six African-American churches from New York City; Philadelphia; New Haven, CT and Newark, NJ.
● 1824 - Greek War of Independence: Egyptian forces capture Psara in the Aegean Sea.
● 1826 - Maniots defeat Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha in the Battle of Vergas
● 1834 - Cyrus McCormick patented the first practical mechanical reaper for farming. His invention allowed farmers to more than double their crop size.
● 1854 - First Victoria Cross won during bombardment of Bomarsund in the Aland Islands.
● 1858 - Louisiana chess prodigy Paul Morphy arrives in Europe
● 1859 - Andrew Lanergan received the first rocket patent.
● 1864 - New Zealand Land Wars: The Tauranga Campaign ends.
● 1877 - On "Pennsylvania's Day With the Rope," eleven "Molly Maguire" coal miners are hanged by the state for the crime of attempting to organize workers.
● 1887 - Britain celebrates golden jubilee of Queen Victoria
● 1893 - 1st Ferris wheel premieres (Chicago's Columbian Exposition)
● 1894 - Workers in Pittsburgh strike Pullman sleeping car company
● 1898 - Guam becomes a U.S. territory.
● 1899 - Canadian Assiniboine sign Treaty #8, ceding 324,000 square miles (about the size of California, Oregon and Washington combined) to Canada.
● 1905 - Jean-Paul Sartre, the French existentialist philosopher and writer, was born.
● 1906 - M Wolf discovers asteroid #601 Nerthus
● 1913 - Georgia "Tiny" Broadwick became the first woman to jump from an airplane.
● 1915 - The U.S. Supreme Court hands down its decision in Guinn v. United States 238 US 347 1915, striking down an Oklahoma law denying the right to vote to some citizens. {Mainly Native Americans and African-Americans.}
● 1917 - Hawaiian Red Cross founded
● 1919 - Admiral Ludwig von Reuter scuttles the German fleet in Scapa Flow, Orkney. The nine sailors killed were the last casualties of the First World War.
● 1919 - Royal Canadian Mounted Police fire a volley into a crowd of unemployed war veterans, killing two, during the Winnipeg General Strike.
● 1920 - Police shoot 14 Wobblies (IWW) during clash in Butte, Montana.
● 1921 - Sovereignty dispute settled with demilitarization, Aland Islands, Finland.
● 1923 - Marcus Garvey sentenced to 5 years for using the mail to defraud
● 1933 - 1st Great Lakes-to-Gulf of Mexico barge trip completed, New Orleans
● 1937 - In Paris, Leon Blum's Popular Front Cabinet resigned.
● 1938 - In Washington, U.S. President Roosevelt signed the $3.75 billion Emergency Relief Appropriation Act.
● 1939 - Doctors reveal Lou Gehrig has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
● 1940 - First successful west-to-east navigation of Northwest Passage begins at Vancouver, British Columbia.
● 1940 - World War II: France surrenders to Germany.
● 1941 - German troops entered Russia on a front from the Arctic to Black Sea.
● 1942 - 129° F (54° C), Tirat Zevi, Israel (Asian record)
● 1942 - Rommel takes Tobruk in North Africa
● 1942 - World War II: A Japanese submarine surfaces near the Columbia River in Oregon, firing 17 shells at nearby Fort Stevens in one of only a handful of attacks by the Japanese against the U.S. mainland.
● 1943 - Federal troops put down racial riot in Detroit 30 dead
● 1945 - Japanese forces on Okinawa surrender to US during WWII after a long and bloody battle.
● 1945 - Pan Am announced an 88-hour round-the-world flight at a cost of $700.
● 1945 - World War II: Battle of Okinawa ends.
● 1946 - 10 die in fire at Baker Hotel, Dallas Texas
● 1948 - 1st stored computer program run, on Manchester Mark I
● 1948 - Dr Peter Goldmark of CBS demonstrates "long playing record" Columbia commits to 33 1/3 rpm records, plans to phase out 78's
● 1949 - H L Giclas discovers asteroid #1886 Lowell
● 1954 - The American Cancer Society reported significantly higher death rates among cigarette smokers than among non-smokers.
● 1957 - Ellen Louks Fairclough sworn in as Canada's first woman Cabinet Minister
● 1958 - In Arkansas, a federal judge let Little Rock delay school integration.
● 1958 - Linus Pauling and Detlev Bronke, both Americans, were elected to the Soviet Academy of Science.
● 1960 - Nobel laureate Linus Pauling defies Congress by refusing to name signers of petitions calling for total halt of nuclear weapons testing. Pauling later wins a second Nobel - a Peace Prize for his work championing nuclear disarmament.
● 1962 - International Disarmament Assembly opens, Accra, Ghana.
● 1962 - USAF Maj Robert M White takes X-15 to 75,190 m
● 1963 - France announced that they were withdrawing from the North Atlantic NATO fleet.
● 1963 - In Rome, Italian Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini was elected Pope Paul VI, the 261st pontiff of the Catholic Church.
● 1964 - Civil rights volunteers Michael Schwerner, Andrew Goodman, and James Chaney disappear near Philadelphia, Mississippi. Contrary to Hollywood fantasy, the FBI does not immediately step in to champion racial justice. Their bodies were found on August 4, 1964 in an earthen dam. Eight Ku Klux Klan members later went to federal prison on conspiracy charges.
● 1968 - Approximately 100 Indians from Poor People's Campaign demonstrate outside Bureau of Indian Affairs offices in Washington, D.C.
● 1968 - Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren resigns
● 1968 - Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth wrote in a letter: 'Faith in God's revelation has nothing to do with an ideology which glorifies the status quo.'
● 1968 - Egg board 'should be scrapped'; The British Egg Marketing Board should be scrapped and an independent authority established in its place, according to a report published today.
● 1969 - In South Carolina, civil rights leader Rev. Ralph Abernathy was jailed on riot charges.
● 1973 - In handing down the decision in Miller v. California 413 US 15, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the Miller Test, which now governs obscenity in U.S. law. States may ban materials found to be obscene according to local standards.
● 1975 - Soyuz 19 returns to Earth
● 1977 - Former White House chief of staff HR Haldeman enters prison
● 1977 - Menachem Begin (Likud), becomes Israel's 6th PM
● 1978 - Four dead in post office shootings; An outbreak of shooting between Provisional IRA members and the British Army leaves one civilian and three IRA men dead.
● 1978 - The Aleuts of the Pribilof Islands win $11.2 million for mistreatment during the first seal monopoly from 1870 to 1946.
● 1981 - 12-bottle case of 1979 Napamedoc Cabernet wine auctioned for $24,000
● 1982 - A jury in Washington, DC, found John Hinckley Jr. innocent by reason of insanity in the shootings of U.S. President Reagan and three other men.
● 1982 - Princess Diana gives birth to boy; Diana, Princess of Wales, gives birth to a boy sixteen hours after checking in to St Mary's Hospital, in London.
● 1985 - American, Brazilian & West German forensic pathologists confirm skeletal remains exhumed in Brazil were Nazi war criminal Dr. Josef Mengele.
● 1986 - Pres Reagan gives speech defending his judicial appointments
● 1987 - Discovery rolls over from OPF to Vandenberg AFB
● 1989 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Texas v. Johnson that flag burning is protected speech under the United States Constitution.
● 1990 - 25,000 die in Iranian Earthquake
● 1990 - At Yankee Stadium rally, Nelson Mandela dons a NY Yankee baseball cap & proclaims "I am a Yankee!"
● 1990 - NYC's Zodiac killer shoots 4th victim, Larry Parham
● 1990 - US House of Reps vote 254-177 to stop US flag burning, doesn't pass
● 1991 - U.S. Supreme Court rules states can outlaw nude dancing.
● 1991 - Anger over chairman's 66% pay rise; British Gas chairman Robert Evans is under fire for accepting a pay increase taking his annual wage to £370,000.
● 1993 - In Madrid, five senior military officers and two civilians were killed by a car bomb. 24 people were injured. The Basque terror group claimed responsibility.
● 1997 - 100,000 march in solidarity with striking newspaper workers in Detroit.
● 2000 - Section 28 (outlawing the 'promotion' of homosexuality in the United Kingdom) repealed in Scotland with a 99 to 17 vote.
● 2001 - A federal grand jury in Alexandria, Va., indicted 13 Saudis and a Lebanese in the 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers in Saudi Arabia that killed 19 American servicemen.
● 2001 - Former Haitian Army colonel Carl Dorelien taken into custody in Port St. Lucie. Dorelien had been in exile since 1994 when he was sentenced to life in prison for his role in a 1994 massacre.
● 2002 - The World Health Organization declares Europe polio free.
● 2003 - Deputy Justice Fazel Ahmed Manawi of the Afghan Supreme Court announces that Aftab editor Sayed Madawi and his deputy Ali Payam Sestani will be tried for "libeling Islam".
● 2004 - SpaceShipOne, designed by Burt Rutan and piloted by Mike Melvill, reached 328,491 feet above Earth in a 90 minute flight. The height is about 400 feet above the distance scientists consider to be the boundary of space.
● 2004 - Connecticut Gov. John Rowland resigned amid graft allegations and a federal investigation.
● 2005 - Edgar Ray Killen, an 80-year-old former Ku Klux Klansman, was found guilty of manslaughter in the deaths of three civil rights workers in Philadelphia, Miss., 41 years to the day earlier.
● 2005 - Donald Tsang Yam Kuen is appointed by the People's Republic of China to take over from Tung Chee Hwa as the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
● 2006 - Pluto's newly discovered moons are officially christened Nix & Hydra.
BIRTHS
● 1002 - Pope Leo IX (d. 1054)
● 1226 - King Boleslaus V of Poland (d. 1279)
● 1535 - Leonhard Rauwolf, German physician and botanist (d. 1596)
● 1639 (O.S.) - Increase Mather, New England Puritan minister (d. 1723)
● 1646 (O.S.) - Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, German philosopher and scientist (d. 1716)
● 1676 (O.S.) - Anthony Collins, English philosopher (d. 1729)
● 1712 - Luc Urbain de Bouexic, comte de Guichen, French admiral (d. 1790)
● 1730 - Motoori Norinaga, Japanese scholar (d. 1801)
● 1732 - Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach, German composer (d. 1791)
● 1736 (O.S.) - Enoch Poor, American general in the Continental Army (d. 1780)
● 1759 - Alexander J. Dallas, American statesman and financier (d. 1817)
● 1763 - Pierre Paul Royer-Collard, French philosopher (d. 1845)
● 1764 - Sidney Smith, British admiral (d. 1840)
● 1774 - Daniel D. Tompkins, Congressman, Governor of New York, and sixth Vice President of the United States (d. 1825)
● 1781 - Siméon-Denis Poisson, French mathematician and physicist (d. 1840)
● 1782 - Pyotr Kotlyarevsky, Russian general (d. 1852)
● 1791 - Robert Napier, British engineer (d. 1876)
● 1798 - Wolfgang Menzel, German writer (d. 1873)
● 1805 - Charles Thomas Jackson, American scientist, polymath (d. 1880)
● 1811 - Carlo Matteucci, Italian physicist (d. 1868)
● 1812 - Moses Hess, Jewish socialist and nationalist (d. 1875)
● 1818 - Sir Richard Wallace, English art collector and philanthropist (d. 1890)
● 1823 - Jean Chacornac, French astronomer (d. 1873)
● 1825 - William Stubbs, English historian and Anglican bishop of Oxford (d. 1901)
● 1828 - Ferdinand André Fouqué, French geologist (d. 1904)
● 1832 - Joseph Hayne Rainey, American politician; first African-American in the U.S. House of Representatives (1870-79) (d. 1887)
● 1839 - Machado de Assis, Brazilian writer (d. 1908)
● 1850 - Daniel Carter Beard, founder of the Boy Scouts of America (d. 1941)
● 1858 - Medardo Rosso, Italian sculptor (d. 1928)
● 1859 - Henry Ossawa Tanner, American painter (d. 1937)
● 1862 - Damrong Rajanubhab, Thai prince and historian (d. 1943)
● 1863 - Max Wolf, German astronomer (d. 1932)
● 1864 - Heinrich Wölfflin, Swiss art historian (d. 1945)
● 1868 - Jose Graca Aranha, Brazilian novelist and diplomat (d. 1931)
● 1868 - Edwin Stephen Goodrich, English zoologist (d. 1946)
● 1870 - Clara Immerwahr, German chemist (d. 1915)
● 1876 - Willem Hendrik Keesom, Dutch physicist (d. 1956)
● 1880 - Arnold Gesell, American psychologist and pediatrician (d. 1961)
● 1880 - Josiah Stamp, 1st Baron Stamp, British civil servant, industrialist, economist, statistician and banker (d. 1941)
● 1882 - Rockwell Kent, American artist (d. 1971)
● 1882 - Lluís Companys i Jover, Spanish politician (d. 1940)
● 1883 - Fyodor Gladkov, Russian writer (d. 1958)
● 1884 - Claude Auchinleck, British field marshal (d. 1981)
● 1887 - Norman L. Bowen, Canadian petrologist (d. 1956)
● 1889 - Ralph Craig, American athlete (d. 1972)
● 1891 - Pier Luigi Nervi, Italian architect (d. 1979)
● 1891 - Hermann Scherchen, German conductor (d. 1966)
● 1892 - Reinhold Niebuhr, Protestant theologian (d. 1971)
● 1893 - Alois Hába, Czech composer (d. 1973)
● 1896 - Charles B. Momsen, American inventor (d. 1967)
● 1898 - Donald C. Peattie, American botanist and writer (d. 1964)
● 1902 - Howie Morenz, professional ice hockey player (d. 1937)
● 1903 - Al Hirschfeld, American cartoonist (d. 2003)
● 1905 - Jean-Paul Sartre, French philosopher and writer, Nobel Prize laureate (declined) (d. 1980)
● 1906 - Harold Spina, American composer (d. 1997)
● 1908 - William Frankena, American philosopher (d. 1994)
● 1910 - Aleksandr Tvardovsky, Soviet poet (d. 1971)
● 1912 - Mary McCarthy, American writer (d. 1989)
● 1912 - Kazimierz Leski, Polish engineer, fighter pilot and officer of the Home Army's intelligence and counter-intelligence
● 1914 - William Vickrey, Canadian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
● 1916 - Joseph Cyril Bamford, English inventor and industrialist
● 1916 - Buddy O'Connor, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1977)
● 1918 - James Clyde Mitchell, English sociologist and anthropologist
● 1919 - Gérard Pelletier, French Canadian journalist, politician, and diplomat (d. 1997)
● 1919 - Vladimir Simagin, Russian chess master and teacher
● 1919 - Paolo Soleri, Italian-born American architect
● 1921 - Judy Holliday, American actress (d. 1965)
● 1921 - Jane Russell, American actress
● 1921 - Jean de Broglie, French politician
● 1923 - Jacques Hébert, French Canadian author, journalist and politician
● 1924 - Pontus Hultén, Swedish art collector and pioneering museum director (d. 2006)
● 1924 - Jean Laplanche, French psychoanalytic thinker
● 1925 - Giovanni Spadolini, Italian politician (d. 1994)
● 1925 - Maureen Stapleton, American actress (d. 2006)
● 1926 - Conrad Hall, Tahitian-born cinematographer (d. 2003)
● 1927 - Carl Stokes, Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio (d. 1996)
● 1929 - Abdel Halim Hafez, Egyptian singer and actor (d. 1977)
● 1929 - Alexandre Lagoya, Greek-Italian classical guitarist (d. 1999)
● 1930 - Sir Gerald Kaufman, British politician
● 1930 - Mike McCormack, American professional football player
● 1931 - Margaret Mary O'Shaughnessy Heckler, U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services
● 1932 - O.C. Smith, American singer (d. 2001)
● 1932 - Lalo Schifrin, Argentine pianist and composer
● 1933 - Bernie Kopell, Actor ("The Love Boat")
● 1935 - Monte Markham, Actor
● 1935 - Françoise Sagan, French writer (d. 2004)
● 1938 - Ron Ely, American actor
● 1939 - Ruben Berrios, Puerto Rican politician
● 1940 - Mariette Hartley, American actress
● 1940 - Michael Ruse, Canadian philosopher
● 1941 - Joe Flaherty, American-Canadian actor ("SCTV")
● 1941 - John O'Kea, Welsh rally driver
● 1942 - Togo D. West, Jr., American attorney and public official
● 1942 - Dan Henning, American football player
● 1942 - Henry S. Taylor, American writer
● 1943 - Salomé, Spanish singer
● 1944 - Ray Davies, English musician (The Kinks)
● 1944 - Corinna Tsopei, Greek beauty pageant winner, the first Greek Miss Universe
● 1945 - Adam Zagajewski, Polish philosopher, poet
● 1946 - Brenda Holloway, American musician
● 1947 - Meredith Baxter, American actress ("Family Ties")
● 1947 - Michael Gross, American actor ("Family Ties")
● 1947 - Shirin Ebadi, Iranian lawyer, Nobel Peace Prize laureate
● 1947 - Joey Molland, English musician (Badfinger)
● 1948 - Don Airey, Rock musician (Deep Purple)
● 1948 - Leon Everette, Country singer
● 1948 - Ian McEwan, English writer
● 1948 - Lionel Rose, Australian boxer
● 1948 - Andrzej Sapkowski, Polish writer
● 1950 - Anne Carson, Canadian poet
● 1950 - Joey Kramer, American drummer and percussionist (Aerosmith)
● 1950 - Vasilis Papakonstantinou, Greek singer and musician
● 1950 - Gérard Lanvin, French actor
● 1951 - Nils Lofgren, American musician
● 1951 - James Douglas, Governor of Vermont
● 1952 - Kôichi Mashimo, Japanese anime director
● 1953 - Benazir Bhutto, Prime Minister of Pakistan
● 1953 - Robyn Douglass, Actress
● 1953 - Michael Bowen, American actor
● 1954 - Robert Menasse, Austrian writer
● 1954 - Robert Pastorelli, American actor (d. 2004)
● 1954 - Augustus Pablo, Jamaican musician
● 1954 - Müjde Ar, Turkish actress
● 1955 - Tim Bray, Canadian computer programmer
● 1955 - Leigh McCloskey, American actor
● 1955 - Michel Platini, French footballer
● 1957 - Berkeley Breathed, American cartoonist and author ("Bloom County")
● 1957 - Lucien DeBlois, professional ice hockey player
● 1958 - Gennady Padalka, cosmonaut
● 1959 - Marcella Detroit, singer and songwriter (Shakespear's Sister)
● 1959 - Kathy Mattea, American country singer
● 1961 - Kip Winger, American musician
● 1962 - Marc Copage, Actor
● 1962 - Viktor Tsoi, Russian musician
● 1964 - Doug Savant, American actor ("Desperate Housewives")
● 1964 - Porter Howell, Country musician
● 1964 - Sammi Davis, British actor
● 1965 - Michael Dolan, Actor
● 1965 - Larry Wachowski, film director ("Matrix" movies)
● 1965 - Yang Liwei, Chinese astronaut
● 1966 - Rudi Bakhtiar, American journalist
● 1966 - Mancow Muller, American radio personality
● 1966 - Nan Woods, American actress
● 1966 - Alisyn Camerota, American journalist
● 1967 - Jim Breuer, American comedian
● 1967 - Pierre Omidyar, Iranian-American billionaire
● 1969 - Gabriella Paruzzi, Italian skier
● 1970 - Sindee Coxx, American pornographic actress
● 1970 - Pete Rock, American rapper/producer
● 1971 - Marianne Lie Berg, Norwegian philosopher
● 1972 - Alon Hilu, Israeli writer
● 1972 - Neil Doak, former Irish cricketer
● 1972 - Allison Moorer, Country singer
● 1973 - Juliette Lewis, American actress
● 1974 - Natasha Desborough, British radio personality
● 1974 - Craig Lowndes, Australian racing driver
● 1975 - Justin Cary, Rock musician
● 1976 - Mike Einziger, American musician (Incubus)
● 1976 - Nigel Lappin, Australian footballer
● 1977 - Jochen Hecht, German ice hockey player
● 1978 - Cristiano Lupatelli, Italian footballer
● 1978 - Jack Guzman, American actor
● 1978 - Erica Durance, Canadian actress
● 1979 - Chris Pratt, American actor
● 1980 - Sendy Rleal, Dominican baseball player
● 1981 - Brandon Flowers, American singer and keyboardist (The Killers)
● 1981 - Yann Danis, French Canadian ice hockey player
● 1982 - Prince William of Wales, British prince
● 1984 - Alicia Alighatti, American pornographic actress
● 1984 - Franck Perera, French racing driver
● 1985 - Anthony Morelli, American football player
DEATHS
● 1305 - King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland (b. 1271)
● 1377 - King Edward III of England (b. 1312)
● 1527 - Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian historian and political author (b. 1469)
● 1529 - John Skelton, English poet
● 1547 - Sebastiano del Piombo, Italian painter (b. 1485)
● 1582 - Oda Nobunaga, Japanese warlord (b. 1534)
● 1591 - Aloysius Gonzaga, Italian saint (b. 1568)
● 1621 - Kryštof Harant, Polish soldier, writer, and composer (b. 1564)
● 1652 - Inigo Jones, English architect (b. 1573)
● 1738 - Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend, English statesman (b. 1674)
● 1796 - Richard Gridley, American Revolutionary soldier (b. 1710)
● 1824 - Étienne Aignan, French writer (b. 1773)
● 1865 - Frances Adeline Seward, wife of United States Secretary of State William H. Seward (b. 1824)
● 1874 - Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist (b. 1814)
● 1893 - Leland Stanford, American business tycoon and founder of Stanford University
● 1908 - Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer (b. 1844)
● 1914 - Bertha von Suttner, Austrian writer and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1843)
● 1934 - Thorne Smith, American author (b. 1892)
● 1951 - Charles Dillon Perrine, American astronomer (b. 1867)
● 1952 - Wilfrid 'Wop' May, Canadian aviation pioneer (b. 1896)
● 1957 - Johannes Stark, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
● 1964 - James Chaney, American civil rights activist (b. 1943)
● 1964 - Andrew Goodman, American civil rights activist (b. 1943)
● 1964 - Michael Schwerner, American civil rights activist (b. 1939)
● 1969 - Maureen Connolly, American tennis player (b. 1934)
● 1970 - Sukarno, President of Indonesia (b. 1901)
● 1976 - Margaret Herrick, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences director (b. 1902)
● 1979 - Angus Maclise, American mystic, shaman, musician, and composer (b. 1938)
● 1980 - Bert Kaempfert, German orchestra leader and songwriter (b. 1923)
● 1985 - Tage Erlander, Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1901)
● 1986 - Assi Rahbani, Lebanese composer and author
● 1997 - Fidel Velázquez Sánchez, Mexican labor leader (b. 1900)
● 1997 - Shintaro Katsu Japanese entertainer (b. 1931)
● 1998 - Al Campanis, American Major league baseball executive (b. 1916)
● 1999 - Kami (musician), Japanese musician; drummer of rock band Malice Mizer (b. 1972)
● 2000 - Alan Hovhaness, American composer (b. 1911)
● 2001 - John Lee Hooker, American musician (b. 1916)
● 2001 - Carroll O'Connor, American actor (b. 1924)
● 2003 - Roger Neilson, Canadian hockey coach (b. 1934)
● 2003 - Leon Uris, American writer (b. 1924)
● 2004 - Leonel Brizola, Brazilian politician (b. 1922)
● 2005 - Jaime Cardinal Sin, Filipino Catholic Archbishop of Manila (b. 1928)
HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES
● Roman Catholic:
● St. Agofredus
● St. Alban of Mainz
● St. Aloysius Gonzaga (died 1591, patron St. of youth)
● St. Corbmac
● St. Demetria
● St. Engelmond
● St. Eusebius of Samosata
● St. John Rigby
● St. Lazarus
● St. Leutfridus
● St. Maine
● St. Martin of Tongeren (died 350)
● St. Ralph
● St. Raymond of Barbastro
● Sts. Rufinus and Martia
● St. Terence
● St. Urciscenus
● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for June 8 (Civil Date: June 21)
● Translation of the Relics of Great-Martyr Theodore Stratelates
● St. Ephraim, Patriarch of Antioch.
● St. Zosimas, monk of Phoenicia (Syria).
● St. Atre (Athre) of Nitria in Egypt.
● St. Naucratius, abbot of the Studion.
● St. Theodore, Bishop of Rostov and Suzdal.
● New-Martyr Theophanes at Constantinople.
● Finding of the relics of Saints Basil and Constantine, princes of Yaroslavl.
● St. Theophilus of Luga and Omutch, disciple of St. Arsenius of Konevits (Valaam).
● NEW HIEROMARTYRS Barlaam (1942) and his brother Herman (1937).
● Greek Calendar:
● Martyr Callopia.
● St. Melania, nun.
● Martyr Nicander.
● Martyr Mark.
● Lutheran: Commemoration of Onesimos Nesib, translator/evangelist
● Summer solstice (Northern Hemisphere) and winter solstice (Southern Hemisphere) celebrations
● National Aboriginal Day in Canada (starting in 1996)
● Midsummer – Neopagan festival – Litha
● National Day of Greenland
● Fête de la Musique in France, Belgium and Switzerland.
● World Humanist Day
● Go Skateboard Day
● Hong Kong, Taiwan : Dragon Boat Festival
● New Hampshire : Ratification Day (1788)
● These Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"
● US : Father's Day (Remind the guy how much you care) - ( Sunday )
● Newfoundland : Discovery Day (1497-John Cabot) - ( Monday )
IN FICTION
● 1903 - Sherlock Holmes "Adventure of The Mazarine Stone" takes place
Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.
Additional facts taken from:
On this day in the New York Times
The BBC’s Take on the day
On This Day Website
Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.
Scope Systems Any Day Website
Roman Catholic Saint of the Day
Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar
Quotes of the Day taken from The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004
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