April 3......

April 3 is the 93rd (94th in leap years) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 272 days remaining in the year on this date.

Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Authority "The disappearance of a sense of responsibility is the most far-reaching consequence of submission to authority." — Stanley Milgram

Stupidest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Hypocrisy "We will rid the world of evildoers." — George W. Bush

{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}

EVENTS

● 309 - -BC- Origin of Seleucid Era

● 245 - -BC- Origin of Era of Arsaces

● 419 - [Etalius] ends his reign as Catholic Pope

● 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England.

● 1077 - Creation of the first Parliament of Friuli.

● 1189 - The Peace of Strasbourg was signed, resolving the differences between Emperor Frederick Barbarossa of Germany and Pope Clement III.

● 1312 - 2nd council of Vienna

● 1376 - Battle of Navarrete (Najera), English beat France

● 1528 - In Cologne, German reformer Adolf Clarenbach, 28, was arrested for teaching Protestant (some say Anabaptist or Waldensian) doctrines. The following year, Clarenbach was burned at the stake for his faith.

● 1559 - The Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis treaty is signed, ending the Italian Wars.

● 1582 - French van Valois honored as duke of Gelre/earl of Zutphen

● 1593 - Birth of George Herbert, English clergyman and poet. One of his verses endures today as the hymn, "The King of Love My Shepherd Is."

● 1645 - English parliament accept Self-Denying Ordinance

● 1657 - English Lord Protector Cromwell refuses crown

● 1679 - Edmund Halley meets Johannes Hevelius in Danzig

● 1721 - Robert Walpole becomes England's 1st Lord of the Treasury

● 1759 - Anglican clergyman and hymnwriter John Newton wrote in a letter: 'I believe that love to God, and to man for God's sake, is the essence of religion and the fulfilling of the law.'

● 1764 - Austrian arch duke Jozef crowned himself Roman Catholic king

● 1776 - Washington receives honorary Ll.D. degree from Harvard College

● 1783 - Sweden & US sign a treaty of Amity & Commerce

● 1789 - A Boston trader visits and describes Neah Bay, a principal village of the Makah.

● 1790 - Revenue Marine Service (US Coast Guard), created. Originally part of the Treasury department, their concerns were more customs than military, now part of the Navy.

● 1829 - James Carrington patented the coffee mill.

● 1834 - The generals in the Greek War of Independence stand trial for treason.

● 1837 - Birth of Paul Robin, Toulon, France. Anarchistic educator and neo-Malthusian whose libertarian legacy would influence the educators Sebastien Faure and Francisco Ferrer.

● 1848 - Thomas Douglas becomes 1st San Francisco public teacher

● 1856 - Gunpowder in church explodes killing 4,000 in Rhodos

● 1860 - Pony Express service begins, between Sacramento, Calif. and St. Joseph, Missouri. It was discontinued six and a half months later due to the completion of the first transcontinental telegraph line. An ad in California newspaper read - "Wanted. Young, skinny, wiry fellows. Not over 18. Must be expert riders. Willing to risk death daily. Orphans preferred."

● 1862 - Slavery was abolished in Washington, DC.

● 1864 - Skirmish at Okolona AR

● 1865 - Battle at Namozine Church VA (Appomattox Campaign)

● 1865 - American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederate States of America.

● 1866 - Rudolph Eickemeyer and G. Osterheld patented a blocking and shaping machine for hats.

● 1871 - Gustave Flourens, Paris Commune general, killed in fighting.

● 1882 - The American outlaw Jesse James was shot in the back and killed by Robert Ford for a $5,000 reward. There was later controversy over whether it was actually Jesse James that had been killed.

● 1885 - Gottlieb Daimler is granted a German patent for his engine design.

● 1895 - The libel trial instigated by Oscar Wilde begins, eventually resulting in Wilde's arrest, trial and imprisonment on charges of homosexuality.

● 1896 - The first publication of La Gazzetta dello Sport newspaper in Italy.

● 1898 - Henry R. Luce, the American magazine publisher who created Time, Fortune, Life and Sports Illustrated, was born.

● 1910 - Alaska's Mt. McKinley, the highest mountain in North America was climbed.

● 1913 - Emmeline Parkhurst gets three years for inciting suffragettes to assassinate British Prime Minister.

● 1917 - Vladimir Lenin arrives in Russia from exile, marking the beginning of Bolshevik leadership in the Russian Revolution.

● 1918 - House of Representatives accepts American Creed written by William Tyler

● 1919 - Austria expels all Habsburgers

● 1922 - Joseph Stalin became the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

● 1924 - Actor Marlon Brando was born in Omaha, Neb.

● 1925 - Great Britain goes back to gold standard

● 1925 - Netherlands & Belgium sign accord of Westerschelde

● 1926 - 2nd flight of a liquid-fueled rocket by Robert Goddard

● 1926 - Italy establishes corps of force in order to break powerful unions

● 1927 - Interstate Commerce Commission transfers Ohio to Eastern time zone

● 1929 - Persia agrees to Litvinov Pact

● 1929 - RMS Queen Mary is ordered from John Brown & Company Shipbuilding and Engineering by Cunard Line.

● 1933 - Unsuccessful boycott of Jewish stores in Nazi Germany.

● 1933 - 1st airplane flight over Mount Everest

● 1933 - First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt informed newspaper reporters that beer would be served at the White House. This followed the March 22 legislation that legalized "3.2" beer.

● 1936 - Richard Bruno Hauptmann is executed for the kidnapping and death of Charles Augustus Lindbergh II, the baby son of world-famous pilot Charles Lindbergh.

● 1941 - Churchill warns Stalin of German invasion

● 1942 - World War II: Japanese forces begin an assault on the United States and Filipino troops on the Bataan Peninsula.

● 1943 - Jan Dieters (leader of illegal CPN) arrested

● 1944 - Supreme Court (Smith vs Allwright) "white primaries" unconstitutional

● 1944 - British dive bombers attack battle cruiser Tirpitz

● 1945 - Hengelo freed from Nazi control by Canadian army

● 1945 - Nazi's begin evacuation of camp Buchenwald

● 1945 - US 1st army conquers Hofgeismar

● 1946 - Netherlands-German postal relations resume

● 1946 - Japanese Lt. General Masaharu Homma is executed in the Philippines for leading the Bataan Death March.

● 1948 - President Harry Truman signs the Marshall Plan which authorizes $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.

● 1948 - In Jeju, South Korea, a civil-war-like period of violence and human rights abuses begins, known as the Jeju massacre.

● 1949 - North Atlantic Treaty, pact signed by US, Britain, France & Canada

● 1950 - Radical composer Kurt Weill dies, New York City.

● 1950 - Death of American hymnwriter Ira B. Wilson, 70. Associated with Lorenz Publishing in Dayton, Ohio for over 40 years, Wilson's most enduring sacred composition was "Make Me a Blessing" (aka "Out of the Highways and Byways of Life").

● 1952 - Dutch Queen Juliana speaks to US Congress

● 1954 - United Auto Workers (UAW) Local 833 strikes the Kohler bathroom fixtures company in Kohler, Wisconsin. Before the union contract expired, the company prepared for the strike by installing rooftop searchlights and arming guards with shotguns, tear gas, revolvers, and thousands of ammunition rounds. The strike did not end until September 1960, when the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) decides the Kohler Company is guilty of refusing to bargain. The company will agree to reinstate 1,400 strikers and pay them $4.5 million in back pay and pension credits.

● 1955 - Fire in cinema to Sclessin Belgium, kills 39

● 1955 - Night express train in Guadalajara derails, killing 300

● 1955 - The American Civil Liberties Union announces it will defend Allen Ginsberg's book Howl against obscenity charges.

● 1956 - The western part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan is struck by a deadly F5 tornado (known as the Hudsonville-Standale Tornado).

● 1956 - Bulgarian vice premier Traitsjo Kostov rehabilitated

● 1956 - German war criminals Hinrichsen/Rühl/Siebens/Viebahn are freed

● 1957 - USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test

● 1958 - Fidel Castro's rebels attacked Havana

● 1960 - Earthquake at Havré, Belgium

● 1962 - Lieutenant General Marshall S Carter, USA, becomes deputy director of CIA

● 1963 - Martin Luther King, Jr., launches a voter registration drive in Birmingham, Alabama. Police Chief "Bull" Connor responds with fire hoses and attack dogs. Sit-ins and demonstrations begun by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and volunteers. The city government will get an injunction to prevent demonstrations a week later, and King and many others will be jailed for violating the injunction.

● 1963 - Seven hundred in Budget Day protest against taxation for nuclear arms, House of Commons, London.

● 1963 - Achille Daude dies. French anarchist, trade union activist, and, especially, an advocate of cooperatives.

● 1964 - US & Panamá agree to resume diplomatic relations

● 1965 - 1st atomic powered spacecraft (SNAP) launched

● 1966 - Luna 10 orbits Moon

● 1967 - The U.S. State Department said that Hanoi might be brainwashing American prisoners.

● 1968 - North Vietnam agrees to meet US representatives to set up preliminary peace talks

● 1968 - Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "mountaintop" speech just 24 hours before he was assassinated.

● 1969 - Seven thousand Illinois National Guardsmen mobilized to quell a wave of shooting, stoning, and looting that broke out in black neighborhoods of Chicago in response to police brutality.

● 1969 - Vietnam War: U.S. Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird announces that the United States will start to "Vietnamize" the war effort.

● 1972 - Pioneering African-American congressman Adam Clayton Powell dies, Harlem, New York City.

● 1973 - The first portable cell phone call is placed in New York City.

● 1974 - California Lt. Governor Ed Reinecke indicted on three counts of lying under oath during a Senate Judiciary Committee investigation into charges that political influence was a major factor in the settlement of an antitrust case against ITT.

● 1974 - The Super Outbreak occurs, with 148 tornadoes affecting 13 U.S. states and 1 Canadian province, the biggest tornado outbreak in recorded history. The death toll is 315, with nearly 5,500 injured.

● 1975 - James Rupers kills his family to inherit

● 1976 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island

● 1977 - Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's 1st meeting with President Jimmy Carter

● 1977 - Netherlands/Belgium/Luxembourg adopt summer time

● 1978 - European market & China signs trade agreement

● 1979 - Belgium's Martens government forms

● 1979 - Jane M Byrne (D) elected 1st woman mayor of Chicago IL

● 1980 - Congress reinstates the Shvwits, Kanosh, Koosharem, and Indian Peaks and Cedar City bands of Paiute Indians of Utah.

● 1980 - France performs nuclear test

● 1980 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

● 1981 - Race riots in London's Brixton area

● 1982 - UN Security Council demands Argentina's withdrawal from Falkland Islands

● 1982 - Great Britain dispatched a naval task force to the south Atlantic to reclaim the disputed Falkland Islands from Argentina.

● 1984 - Soyuz T-11 carries 3 cosmonauts (1 Indian-Rakesh Sharma) to Salyut 7

● 1984 - Sikh terrorists killed a member of the Indian Parliament in his home.

● 1984 - Col. Lansana Konte became the new president of Guinea when the armed forces seized power after the death of Sekou Toure.

● 1985 - Far right congressional loony Bob Dornan (R-CA.) reveals the "best compliment" he has yet received on the House of Representatives floor -- Henry Hyde (R-IL.) had said to him, "If we were Indians in the Plains Wars and you were a cavalry trooper, we would kill you just to drink your blood." This explained Bob was how true warriors showed respect. {The good news is that the voters of Orange County California woke up and stopped re-electing this fool.}

● 1985 - The U.S. charged that Israel violated the Geneva Convention by deporting Shiite prisoners.

● 1985 - French government adopts equal electoral system

● 1986 - Maureen O'Boyle (future host of Current Affair) is raped

● 1986 - US national debt hits $2,000,000,000,000

● 1987 - Riots disrupted mass during the Pope's visit to Santiago, Chili.

● 1987 - Duchess of Windsor's jewels auctioned for £31,380,197

● 1987 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR

● 1988 - Somalia & Ethiopia sign accord about Ogaden desert

● 1988 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR

● 1989 - In Mississippi Choctaw Case, U.S. Supreme Court upholds rights of tribal courts under the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978.

● 1991 - UN Security Council adopts Gulf War truce resolution

● 1996 - Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski is arrested at his Montana cabin.

● 1996 - A United States Air Force airplane carrying United States Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown crashes in Croatia, killing all 35 on board.

● 1997 - Thalit massacre begins in Algeria; all but 1 of the 53 inhabitants of Thalit are killed by guerrillas.

● 2000 - United States v. Microsoft: Microsoft is ruled to have violated United States antitrust laws by keeping "an oppressive thumb" on its competitors.

● 2004 - Islamist terrorists involved in the 11 March 2004 Madrid attacks are trapped by the police in their apartment and kill themselves.

● 2006 - Former Liberian President Charles Taylor pleaded not guilty before an international war crimes tribunal in Sierra Leone, denying he'd helped destabilize West Africa through killings, sexual slavery and sending children into combat.

BIRTHS

● 1151 - Igor Svyatoslavich, Russian prince (d. 1202)

● 1245 - King Philip III of France (d. 1285)

● 1367 - King Henry IV of England (d. 1413)

● 1529 - Michael Neander, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1581)

● 1593 - George Herbert, English poet and orator (d. 1633)

● 1639 - Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (d. 1682)

● 1643 - Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine, general of the Holy Roman Empire (d. 1690)

● 1683 - Mark Catesby, English naturalist (d. 1749)

● 1693 - George Edwards, English naturalist (d. 1773)

● 1715 - William Watson, English physician and scientist (d. 1787)

● 1764 - John Abernathy, English surgeon (d. 1831)

● 1769 - Christian Gunther von Bernstorff, Danish and Prussian statesman and diplomat (d. 1835)

● 1770 - Theodoros Kolokotronis, Greek general in the Greek War of Independence (d. 1843)

● 1778 - Pierre-Fidele Bretonneau, French epidemiologist; performed the first successful tracheotomy (d. 1862)

● 1781 - Bhagwan Swaminarayan (d. 1830)

● 1783 - Washington Irving, American author (d. 1859)

● 1806 - Ivan Kireevsky, Russian literary critic and philosopher (d. 1856)

● 1807 - Mary Carpenter, American philanthropist and social reformer (d. 1877)

● 1814 - Lorenzo Snow, 5th president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the LDS or Mormon Church) (d. 1901)

● 1821 - T. Pelham Dale, Anglican clergyman prosecuted for Ritualist practices in the 1870s (d. 1892)

● 1822 - Edward Everett Hale, American writer (d. 1909)

● 1823 - William Marcy Tweed, American political boss (d. 1878)

● 1880 - Otto Weininger, Austrian philosopher (d. 1903)

● 1881 - Alcide De Gasperi, Prime Minister of Italy (1945-53) (d. 1954)

● 1885 - H. St. John Philby, English explorer of Arabian peninsula (d. 1960)

● 1885 - Allan Dwan, Canadian-born American film director (d. 1981)

● 1885 - Bud Fisher, American cartoonist (Mutt and Jeff) (d. 1954)

● 1889 - Grigoraş Dinicu, Romanian composer and violinist (d. 1949)

● 1893 - Leslie Howard, English actor (d. 1943)

● 1895 - Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Italian composer (d. 1968)

● 1898 - George Jessel, American comedian (d. 1981)

● 1898 - Henry Luce, American publisher (d. 1967)

● 1904 - Iron Eyes Cody, American actor (d. 1999)

● 1905 - Robert Frederick Sink, United States Army Officer (d. 1965)

● 1911 - Stanislawa Walasiewicz, Polish-American Olympic gold medalist in track and field (d. 1980)

● 1913 - Per Borten, Premier of Norway (d. 2005)

● 1916 - Herb Caen, American newspaper columnist (d. 1997)

● 1918 - Louis Applebaum, Canadian composer, conductor and administrator (d. 2000)

● 1920 - Stan Freeman, American composer and lyricist (d. 2001)

● 1921 - Robert Karvelas, American actor (d. 1991)

● 1921 - Dario Moreno, Turkish-Jewish singer and songwriter (d. 1968)

● 1921 - Jan Sterling, American actress (d. 2004)

● 1924 - Marlon Brando, American actor (d. 2004)

● 1924 - Doris Day, American actress

● 1925 - Tony Benn, British politician

● 1926 - Alex Grammas, American baseball player

● 1926 - Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom, American astronaut (d. 1967)

● 1928 - Don Gibson, American country musician (d. 2003)

● 1928 - Kevin Hagen, American actor (d. 2005)

● 1928 - Jennifer Paterson, English chef and TV personality (Two Fat Ladies) (d. 1999)

● 1929 - Miyoshi Umeki, Japanese-born actress

● 1930 - Lawton Chiles, U.S. Senator from Florida and Governor of Florida (d. 1998)

● 1930 - Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany

● 1930 - Wally Moon, American baseball player

● 1934 - Jane Goodall, English zoologist

● 1936 - Scott LaFaro, American musician (d. 1961)

● 1936 - Jimmy McGriff, American jazz organist

● 1937 - William Gaunt, Actor

● 1938 - Jeff Barry, American songwriter and record producer

● 1941 - Jan Berry, American musician (Jan and Dean) (d. 2004)

● 1941 - Carl Boenish, American father of BASE jumping (d. 1984)

● 1941 - Eric Braeden, German-born actor ("The Young and the Restless")

● 1941 - Philippe Wynne, American musician (d. 1984)

● 1942 - Marsha Mason, American actress

● 1942 - Wayne Newton, American singer

● 1942 - Marek Perepeczko, Polish actor (d. 2005)

● 1942 - Billy Joe Royal, American singer

● 1943 - Jonathan Lynn, British actor and comedy writer

● 1943 - Richard Manuel, Canadian musician and songwriter (d. 1986)

● 1944 - Tony Orlando, American musician

● 1945 - Catherine Spaak, French actress

● 1946 - Hanna Suchocka, Poland's first female prime minsiter

● 1946 - Marisa Paredes, Spanish actress

● 1947 - Pat Proft, Screenwriter

● 1948 - Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, NATO secretary-general

● 1948 - Arlette Cousture, French-Canadian writer

● 1948 - Carlos Salinas, President of Mexico

● 1949 - Lyle Alzado, American football player (d. 1992)

● 1949 - Richard Thompson, English musician and songwriter

● 1950 - Curtis Stone, Country musician (Highway 101)

● 1954 - Elisabetta Brusa, Italian composer

● 1956 - Miguel Bosé, Spanish musician and actor

● 1956 - Ray Combs, American game show host and comedian (d. 1996)

● 1958 - Alec Baldwin, American actor

● 1959 - David Hyde Pierce, American actor ("Frasier")

● 1960 - Arjen Anthony Lucassen, Dutch musician (Ayreon)

● 1960 - Marie-Denise Pelletier, Quebec singer

● 1961 - Eddie Murphy, American actor and comedian

● 1962 - Mike Ness, American musician (Social Distortion)

● 1963 - Criss Oliva, American musician (Savatage) (d. 1993)

● 1964 - Bjarne Riis, Danish cyclist

● 1966 - Miina Tominaga, Japanese seiyu (voice actress)

● 1967 - Brent Gilchrist, Canadian ice hockey player

● 1968 - Sebastian Bach, Canadian musician (Skid Row)

● 1968 - Charlotte Coleman, English actress (d. 2001)

● 1968 - Jamie Hewlett, English illustrator (Tank Girl and Gorillaz)

● 1969 - Lance Storm, Canadian professional wrestler

● 1970 - James MacDonough, Rock musician (Megadeth)

● 1970 - Sticky Fingaz, American rapper and actor

● 1972 - Jennie Garth, American actress ("Beverly Hills 90210")

● 1973 - Matthew Ferguson, Canadian actor

● 1975 - Michael Olowokandi, Nigerian basketball player

● 1975 - Aries Spears, American comedian ("MadTV")

● 1975 - Mickey Beyer-Clausen, Danish entrepreneur and philanthropist

● 1975 - Shawn Bates, American ice hockey player

● 1976 - Drew Shirley, American musician (Switchfoot)

● 1976 - Will Mellor, English actor

● 1978 - Tommy Haas, German tennis player

● 1978 - Matthew Goode, English actor

● 1981 - Heath Ramsay, Australian Olympic swimmer

● 1981 - Aaron Bertram, American musician, Suburban Legends

● 1982 - Fler, German rapper

● 1982 - Iain Fyfe, Australian soccer player

● 1982 - Kasumi Nakane, Japanese gravure idol

● 1982 - Cobie Smulders, Canadian actress ("How I Met Your Mother")

● 1984 - Maxi López, Argentine footballer

● 1985 - Leona Lewis, English singer

● 1986 - Amanda Bynes, American actress

● 1986 - Sergio Sánchez, Spanish footballer

● 1993 - Dakoda Dowd, American golfer

● 1995 - Brandon McClish , Student

DEATHS

● 963 - William III, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 915)

● 1287 - Pope Honorius IV

● 1350 - Eudes IV, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1295)

● 1606 - Charles Blount, 1st Earl of Devon, English politician (b. 1563)

● 1680 - Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire (b. 1630)

● 1682 - Bartolomé Estéban Murillo, Spanish painter (b. 1618)

● 1691 - Jean Petitot, Swiss enamel painter (b. 1608)

● 1695 - Melchior d'Hondecoeter, Dutch painter

● 1717 - Jacques Ozanam, French mathematician (b. 1640)

● 1728 - James Anderson, Scottish lawyer (b. 1662)

● 1792 - George Pocock, British admiral (b. 1706)

● 1792 - John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, English statesman (b. 1718)

● 1804 - Jędrzej Kitowicz, Polish priest (b. 1727/1728)

● 1827 - Ernst Chladni, German physicist (b. 1756)

● 1849 - Juliusz Słowacki, Polish poet (b. 1809)

● 1868 - Franz Berwald, Swedish composer and inventor (b. 1796)

● 1882 - Jesse James, American outlaw (b. 1847)

● 1897 - Johannes Brahms, German composer (b. 1833)

● 1901 - Richard D'Oyly Carte, British impresario (b. 1844)

● 1930 - Emma Albani, Canadian soprano (b. 1847)

● 1932 - Wilhelm Ostwald, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)

● 1936 - Bruno Hauptmann, German killer of Charles Lindbergh III (b. 1899)

● 1943 - Conrad Veidt, German actor (b. 1893)

● 1950 - Carter G. Woodson, African American historian, author, journalist and founder of Black History Month (b. 1875)

● 1950 - Kurt Weill, German composer (b. 1900)

● 1952 - Miina Sillanpää, Finnish politician, first female Finnish minister (b. 1866)

● 1965 - Ernst Kirchweger, Austrian communist and resistance fighter

● 1971 - Joseph Valachi, American gangster (b. 1904)

● 1972 - Ferde Grofé, American composer (b. 1882)

● 1975 - Mary Ure, Scottish actress (b. 1933)

● 1978 - Ray Noble, English bandleader and composer (b. 1903)

● 1981 - Juan Trippe, Airline entrepreneur and pioneer, Pan Am founder (b. 1899)

● 1982 - Warren Oates, American character actor (b. 1928)

● 1986 - Peter Pears, English tenor (b. 1910)

● 1987 - Tom Sestak, American football player (b. 1936)

● 1990 - Sarah Vaughan, American singer (b. 1924)

● 1991 - Charles Goren, American bridge player, writer, and columnist (b. 1901)

● 1991 - Graham Greene, English writer (b. 1904)

● 1993 - Pinky Lee, American comic and children's television host (b. 1907)

● 1994 - Frank Wells, American entertainment businessman (b. 1932)

● 1995 - Alfred J. Billes, Canadian businessman (Canadian Tire) (b. 1902)

● 1996 - Ron Brown, U.S. Secretary of Commerce (b. 1941)

● 1996 - Carl Stokes, Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio (b. 1927)

● 1998 - Mary Cartwright, English mathematician (b. 1900)

● 1999 - Lionel Bart, English composer (Oliver!) (b. 1930)

● 2000 - Terence McKenna, American writer and philosopher (b. 1946)

● 2002 - Fad Gadget, English singer and musician (b. 1956)

● 2003 - Michael Kelly, American journalist (b. 1957)

● 2005 - Tony Croatto, Italian-born singer (b. 1940)

● 2007 - Marion Eames, Welsh novelist (b. 1921)

● 2007 - Eddie Robinson, American football coach (b. 1919)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic:
● St. Adjutor
● St. Agape (d. 304)
● St. Ajuture
● St. Aimo
● St. Aphrodisius
● St. Attala
● St. Cynwl
● St. Desideratus
● St. Donatus
● St. Eutropius
● St. Evagrius & Benignus
● St. Fara
● St. Forannan
● St. Gerard Miles
● St. Joseph Cottolengo
● St. Lawrence of Novara
● St. Louis von Bruck
● St. Marianus
● St. Maximus
● St. Nicetas
● St. Pius V, Pope
● St. Pomponius
● St. Richard of Chichester
● St. Richard of Wyche
● St. Sixtus I, Pope
● St. Vulpian
● Bl. Francis Dickenson
● Bl. Miles Gerard

● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for March 21 (Civil Date: April 3)
● St. James the Confessor, Bishop of Catania.
● St. Thomas, Patriarch of Constantinople.
● St. Cyril, Bishop of Catania.
● St. Serapion, Bishop of Thmuis in Lower Egypt.
● St. Pachomius, monk of Nerekhta.
● St. Lupicinus, desert-dweller of the Jura Mountains (Gaul).
● New-Martyr Archbishop Theodore Pozdeyev (1938).

● Greek Calendar:
● Martyrs Philemon and Domnina of Rome.

● Anglican:
● Richard, Bishop of Chichester

● Sizdah be dar (Outdoor thirteen). In Iran, people play jokes on each other on April 3, the thirteenth day of the Persian calendar new year (Norooz).

● These Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"
● Switzerland: Glarius Festival (1388) - (Thursday)
● Massachusett : Student Government Day - (Friday)


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

On This Day Website

Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.

Scope Systems Any Day Website

Roman Catholic Saint of the Day

Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar

Quotes of the Day taken from "The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right" Compiled by William P. Martin 2004

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