April 14......

April 14 is the 104th (105th in leap years) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 261 days remaining in the year on this date.

Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Church-State Separation "The United States is not a Christian nation any more than it is a Jewish or a Mohammedan nation." — John Adams

Stupidest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Undermining Public Education "The decline in American pride, patriotism, and piety can be directly attributed to the extensive reading of so-called 'science fiction' by our young people." — Jerry Falwell

{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}

EVENTS

● 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum. Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in Mutina, defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, who is killed.

● 69 - Vitellius, commander of the Rhine armies, defeats Emperor Otho in the Battle of Bedriacum and seizes the throne.

● 73 - According to Jewish historian Josephus, 967 Jewish zealots committed mass suicide within the fortress of Masada on this last night before the walls were breached by the attacking Roman Tenth Legion. (Two women and five children survived by hiding in a cistern, and were later released unharmed by the Romans.)

● 193 - Lucius Septimus Severus crowned emperor of Rome

● 754 - Pact of Quierzy between Pope Stephen II, [III] & Pippin the Korte

● 972 - Notger becomes bishop of Liege

● 979 - Challenge to throne of King Aethelred II of England

● 1028 - Henry III, son of Conrad, is elected king of the Germans.

● 1191 - 85-year old Giacinto Bobo becomes Pope Coelestinus III

● 1205 - Battle of Adrianople between Bulgarians and Crusaders.

● 1291 - A body of Templars make a night raid on the Moslem camp at the Siege of Acre. They are all killed.

● 1341 - Sack of Saluzzo (Italy) by Italian-Angevine troops under Manfred V of Saluzzo

● 1434 - The foundation stone of Cathedral St. Peter and St. Paul in Nantes, France was laid.

● 1471 - In England, the Yorkists under Edward IV defeat the Lancastrians under Warwick at the battle of Barnet; the Earl of Warwick is killed and Edward IV resumes the throne.

● 1536 - English king Henry VIII expropriate minor monasteries

● 1543 - Bartoleme Ferrelo returned to Spain after discovering San Francisco Bay in the New World.

● 1544 - Battle at Carignano French troops under Earl d'Enghien beat Swiss

● 1570 - Polish Calvinists/Lutherians/Hernhutters unify against Jesuits

● 1574 - Battle of Mookerhei-D'Avila beats Louis of Nassau

● 1611 - Word "telescope" is 1st used (Prince Federico Cesi)

● 1614 - Pocahontas, daughter of chief Powhatan, marries planter John Rolfe

● 1629 - England & France sign Peace of Susa

● 1632 - Battle of Rain: Swedes under Gustavus Adolphus defeat the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years' War.

● 1671 - Cosaks capture Russian boer leader Stenka Razin

● 1699 - Khalsa. Birth of Khalsa, the brotherhood of the Sikh religion, in Northern India in accordance with the Nanakshahi calendar.

● 1756 - Pennsylvania Gov. Morris' declaration of war on the Delaware Indians states "for the scalp of every male Indian enemy, the sum of 130 pieces of eight."

● 1756 - Governor Glen of South Carolina protests against 900 Acadia Indians

● 1759 - Composer George Frideric Handel died in London.

● 1775 - The first abolition society in the North America is established. The "Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage" is organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania by Benjamin Franklin and Benjamin Rush.

● 1777 - New York adopts new constitution as an independent state

● 1788 - Doctor's Riot. Five killed as a mob storms Doctors Hospital in New York, where Columbia University doctors and students were dissecting human corpses, many stolen from local graveyards.

● 1792 - France declares war on Austria, starting French Revolutionary Wars

● 1796 - Death of Joseph Swain, 35, author of the hymn, "O Thou in Whose Presence My Soul Takes Delight."

● 1793 - A royalist rebellion in Santo Domingo was crushed by French republican troops.

● 1799 - Napoleon called for establishing Jerusalem for Jews

● 1809 - Napoleon defeated Austria in the Battle of Abensberg, Bavaria

● 1812 - England - Luddite Sheffield food riot -- mainly women and boys -- seized potatoes and vegetables, and attacked militia arms store.

● 1814 - Napoleon abdicated & was banished to Elba

● 1816 - Barbados - Slave uprising breaks out on Easter Sunday night, taking advantage of the temporary freedom from work and the cover of permitted gathering for festivities.

● 1818 - US Medical Corp forms

● 1828 - 18-gun sloop "Acorn" sinks off Halifax with 115 men aboard

● 1828 - Noah Webster copyrights the first edition of his dictionary.

● 1831 - Soldiers marching on a bridge in Manchester, England cause it to collapse.

● 1836 - Congress forms Territory of Wisconsin

● 1845 - Birth of Louis Genet, Ain, France. Textile worker, member of the Vienna anarchist group "Les Indignos."

● 1846 - The Donner Party of pioneers departs Springfield, Illinois, for California, on what will become a year-long journey of hardship, cannibalism, and survival.

● 1847 - Persia & Osmaanse sign 2nd Treaty of Erzurum

● 1849 - Hungary declares itself independent of Austria with Louis Kossuth as its leader.

● 1853 - Harriet Tubman began her Underground Railroad, helping slaves escape

● 1860 - The first Pony Express rider reaches Sacramento, California.

● 1861 - Formal Union surrender of Fort Sumter

● 1861 - Robert E Lee resigns from Union army

● 1862 - Battle of Fort Pillow TN

● 1863 - William Bullock patents continuous-roll printing press

● 1864 - Battle of Dybbøl: A Prussian-Austrian army defeats Denmark and gains control of Schleswig. Denmark surrenders the province in the following peace settlement.

● 1865 - United States President Abraham Lincoln was shot and mortally wounded by John Wilkes Booth while attending the comedy "Our American Cousin" at Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C. He died the next day.

● 1865 - U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward and his family are attacked in his home by Lewis Powell.

● 1865 - Mobile AL is captured

● 1866 - Anne Sullivan Macy, the American teacher who helped educate the blind, deaf and mute Helen Keller, was born.

● 1868 - South Carolina voters approve constitution, 70,758 to 27,228

● 1871 - Canada sets denominations of currency as dollars, cents, & mills

● 1872 - Dominion Lands Act passed-Canada's Homestead Act

● 1874 - Josiah Warren dies, Boston, Mass. Warren founded several "equity" stores, based on the idea of exchanging goods for an equivalent amount of labor and the principle that cost should be the limit of price. He established three utopian colonies; the most successful (1851-c.1860) was Modern Times (now Brentwood), Long Island, New York.

● 1881 - Birth of anarcho-syndicalist Jean Biso (1881-1966), in Bastia, Corsica.

● 1881 - Four Dead in Five Seconds Gunfight erupted in El Paso, Texas.

● 1890 - The Pan-American Union is founded by the First International Conference of American States in Washington.

● 1894 - Thomas Edison demonstrates the kinetoscope, a device for peep-show viewing using photographs that flip in sequence, a precursor to movies.

● 1900 - Veteran's Hospital at Fort Miley is established

● 1901 - Clement Duval, anarchist expropriator and member of the "Panthers of Batignolles," escapes from servitude in Guyana, where he is serving a life sentence for the French, and makes his way to New York, where he lived until age 85 surrounded by Italian anarchist comrades.

● 1902 - Marie & Pierre Curie isolate the radioactive element radium

● 1903 - Dr Harry Plotz discovers vaccine against typhoid (New York NY)

● 1904 - Actor John Gielgud was born in London.

● 1906 - The Azusa Street Revival -- proto-mission out of which the modern Pentecostal movement spread world-wide -- officially began when the services led by black evangelist William J. Seymour, 36, moved into the building at 312 Azusa Street in Los Angeles.

● 1906 - President Theodore Roosevelt denounces "muckrakers" in US press

● 1910 - President William Howard Taft begins tradition of throwing out ball on opening day

● 1912 - The British ocean liner RMS Titanic strikes an iceberg in the North Atlantic on its maiden voyage, plunging beneath the waves and taking with it over 1,500 lives at about 2:20 a.m. the following morning.

● 1913 - Belgium begins general strike for voting rights

● 1914 - Stacy G Carkhuff patents non-skid tire pattern

● 1915 - Dutch merchant navy ship Katwijk sunk by German torpedo

● 1915 - The Turks invade Armenia.

● 1918 - The U.S. First Aero Squadron engaged in America's first aerial dogfight with enemy aircraft over Toul, France.

● 1918 - Douglas Campbell is 1st US ace pilot (shooting down 5th German plane)

● 1919 - Seattle longshoreman begin 34-day strike.

● 1920 - Tornadoes killed 219 people in Alabama & Mississippi

● 1922 - Republic rebels occupies 4 government courts in Dublin

● 1923 - Etienne Oehmichen sets helicopter distance record of 358 meters

● 1928 - Maddus Airlines starts 1st regular passenger flights between San Francisco & Los Angeles

● 1930 - Police arrest over 100 Chicano and Filipino farm workers for their union activities in Imperial Valley, California. Eight will be convicted of so-called "criminal syndicalism." By 1933, California farm laborers see a five-year wage cut from 35 cents to 14 cents an hour. In response, they support strikes led by unions such as La Union de Trabajadores del Valle Imperial. In one of the most powerful strikes, 12,000 laborers in the San Joaquin Valley fight price cuts for picked cotton. To bust the union, growers evict strikers and dump their belongings on the road. Local police, meanwhile, arrest strike leaders and picketers. But in the end the strikers win a 15-cent wage hike.

● 1931 - Spanish Cortes deposes King Alfonso XIII and proclaims the 2nd Spanish Republic.

● 1932 - Striking miner William Kimball shot and killed by sheriff, Adena, Ohio.

● 1935 - "Black Sunday", the worst dust storm of the Dust Bowl.

● 1937 - Bruderhof, a collectivist traditional Christian peace church, raided by Gestapo, Frankfurt, Germany.

● 1939 - John Steinbeck's Grapes of Wrath is published.

● 1940 - Royal Marines land in Namsos, Norway, occupying key points, preparatory to a larger force arriving two days later.

● 1940 - RCA demonstrates its new electron microscope in Philadelphia

● 1940 - English Bible expositor Arthur W. Pink wrote in a letter: 'Nothing is too great and nothing is too small to commit into the hands of the Lord.'

● 1941 - 1st massive German raid in Paris France, 3,600 Jews rounded up

● 1941 - King Peter leaves Yugoslavia

● 1941 - World War II: The Ustashe, a Croatian far-right organisation that pursued Nazi and fascist policies, is put in charge of the Independent State of Croatia by the Axis Powers after the April 6 invasion of Yugoslavia during Operation 25.

● 1942 - Destroyer Roper sinks German U-85 of US east coast

● 1942 - Detroit radio priest, Father Charles E. Coughlin was censured for anti-Semitism. Coughlin's broadcasts had railed against "godless capitalists, the Jews, the Communists, international bankers and plutocrats."

● 1943 - Generals Alexander/Eisenhower/Anderson/Bradley discuss assault on Tunis

● 1944 - Freighter "Fort Stikine" explodes in Bombay India, killing 960+

● 1944 - 1st Jews transported from Athens arrive at Auschwitz

● 1944 - General Eisenhower becomes head commander of allied air fleet

● 1944 - Greek Colonel Venizelos forms government

● 1945 - American B-29 incendiary raids on Tokyo & damage the Imperial Palace

● 1945 - Arnhem/Zwolle freed from Nazis

● 1945 - US forces conquer Motobu peninsula on Okinawa

● 1945 - US marines attack Yae Take on Okinawa

● 1945 - Osijek, Croatia, is liberated from fascistic occupation.

● 1946 - The civil war between Communists and nationalist resumed in China.

● 1948 - A flash of light is observed in the crater Plato on the Moon

● 1948 - NYC subway fares jump from 5¢ to 10¢

● 1948 - US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Enwetak

● 1949 - International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg's last judgment

● 1953 - Viet Minh invaded Laos with 40,000 troops.

● 1954 - Soviet diplomat Vladimir Petrov asks for political asylum in Canberra

● 1955 - Elston Howard becomes the 1st black to wear the Yankee uniform

● 1956 - Videotape is first demonstrated at the 1956 NARTB (now NAB) convention in Chicago, Illinois. It is the demonstration of the first practical and commercially successful format called 2" Quadruplex.

● 1958 - The Soviet satellite Sputnik 2 falls from orbit after a mission duration of 162 days.

● 1959 - (Robert) Taft Memorial Bell Tower dedicated in Washington DC

● 1960 - 1st underwater launching of Polaris missile

● 1961 - 1st live television broadcast from the Soviet Union

● 1961 - Cuban-American invasion army departs Nicaragua

● 1961 - US element 103 (Lawrencium) discovered

● 1962 - Demonstration for sovereign status of New-Guinea in Amsterdam

● 1962 - Georges Pompidou becomes Prime Minister of France.

● 1964 - American ecology writer Rachel Carson dies at age 57, only two years after publishing her groundbreaking work "Silent Spring." Silver Spring, Maryland.

● 1964 - A Delta rocket's third-stage motor prematurely ignites in an assembly room at Cape Canaveral, killing 3.

● 1965 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

● 1966 - Seventy-five demonstrate against the Vietnam War outside New York Stock Exchange.

● 1966 - Swiss pharmaceutical firm Sandoz discontinues production of LSD.

● 1967 - General Gnassingbe Eyadema becomes President of Togo

● 1967 - In the Vietnam War, US planes bomb Haiphong for 1st time

● 1968 - Four thousand anti-war student protesters battle police in West Berlin, West Germany.

● 1968 - (Easter Sunday) Love-in at Malibu Canyon in California.

● 1968 - Berlin student unrest worsens; A massive student rally in West Berlin has ended in violent clashes between police and protesters.

● 1969 - Student Afro-American Society seized at Columbia College

● 1969 - Tornado strikes Dacca East Pakistan killing 540

● 1970 - One of Apollo 13's oxygen tanks explodes, causing a cancelled moon mission. The explosion occurs on April 13th in several time zones.

● 1971 - $675 trillion lawsuit is bought against General Motors for polluting the country.

● 1971 - Fort Point, San Francisco dedicated as a national historic site

● 1971 - President Richard Nixon ends blockade against People's Republic of China

● 1971 - Supreme Court upheld busing as means of achieving racial desegregation

● 1973 - Acting FBI director L Patrick Gray resigns after admitting he destroyed evidence in the Watergate scandal

● 1977 - Supreme Court says people may refuse to display state motto on license

● 1978 - Korean Air Lines Boeing 707, fired on by Soviets, crashes in Russia

● 1978 - 1978 Tbilisi Demonstrations: thousands of Georgians demonstrate against the attempt by the Soviet authorities to change the constitutional status of the Georgian language.

● 1979 - New president for war-torn Uganda; A man driven into exile by former Uganda dictator Idi Amin has been sworn in as the country's new president.

● 1980 - 1st Cubans of the Mariel boatlift sail to Florida

● 1981 - 1st Space Shuttle-Columbia 1-returns to Earth after a three-day test flight. The shuttle orbited the Earth 36 times during the mission.

● 1983 - President Ronald Reagan signs $165 billion Social Security rescue

● 1984 - The Texas Board of Education began requiring that the state's public school textbooks describe the evolution of human beings as "theory rather than fact".

● 1985 - The Russian paper "Pravda" called U.S. President Reagan's planned visit to Bitburg to visit the Nazi cemetery an "act of blasphemy".

● 1985 - Alan Garcia wins elections in Peru

● 1985 - Jack C Burcham is 5th to receive "Jarvik 7" permanent artificial heart

● 1986 - Desmond Tutu elected Anglican archbishop of Capetown

● 1986 - Double-decker ferry sinks in stormy weather in Bangladesh killing 200

● 1986 - In retaliation for the April 5 bombing of the La Belle Discotheque in West Berlin in which two U.S. servicemen were killed, Ronald Reagan orders major bombing raids against Tripoli and Benghazi, in Libya, which kills 60 people.

● 1986 - 2.2 lb (1 kg) hailstones fall on the Gopalganj district of Bangladesh, killing 92. These are the heaviest hailstones ever recorded.

● 1987 - Turkey asks to join European market

● 1987 - Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev proposed banning all missiles from Europe.

● 1988 - Death of Daniel Guerin, 84, gay libertarian communist, one of France's best known revolutionary activists and thinkers.

● 1988 - Denmark declares its ports nuclear-free.

● 1988 - Representatives from the U.S.S.R., Pakistan, Afghanistan and the U.S. signed an agreement that called for the withdrawal of Soviet forces from Afghanistan. The last Soviet troop left Afghanistan on February 15, 1989.

● 1988 - USS Samuel B. Roberts strikes a mine in the Persian Gulf during Operation Earnest Will. U.S. retaliates against Iran on April 18 with Operation Praying Mantis, the world's largest naval battle since World War II.

● 1989 - 1,100,000,000th Chinese born

● 1989 - In the Iran-Contra trial, Oliver North's case goes to the jury

● 1992 - Solidarity action with 83 refusing military service, Stara Moravica, Vojvodina, Serbia.

● 1992 - UAW ends 5 month strike against Caterpillar Inc

● 1992 - UN-imposed embargo against Libya takes effect

● 1992 - Court throws out Apple's lawsuit against Microsoft

● 1993 - Branch Davidian cult leader David Koresh promises to surrender after completion of his Seven Seals manuscript

● 1994 - Two US F-15s accidentally shoot 2 US helicopters down over Iraq, 26 die

● 1995 - Native American Leonard Peters and sheriff's deputy Bob Davis are killed in a shootout during a police ambush near Covelo, Calif. Native American Bear Lincoln would later be acquitted of murder charges in the deaths in a racially charged trial.

● 1997 - Launch of separate two-month marches of the unemployed in nearly a dozen European countries, to converge on a European Union meeting in June.

● 1997 - Whitewater figure James McDougal drew a three-year prison sentence for 18 felony fraud and conspiracy counts.

● 1998 - The state of Virginia ignored the requests from the World Court and executed a Paraguayan for the murder of a U.S. woman.

● 1999 - Pakistan test-fired a ballistic missile that was capable of carrying a nuclear warhead and reaching its rival neighbor India.

● 1999 - NATO mistakenly bombed a convoy of ethnic Albanian refugees; Yugoslav officials said 75 people were killed.

● 2000 - Seattle police shoot and kill David Walker, a mentally disturbed African-American suspected of shoplifting at a Safeway. The killing enrages Seattle's African-American communities.

● 2000 - Supports of microradio (pirate) radio movement protest at National Association of Broadcasters headquarters in Washington, D.C.

● 2000 - M25 killer gets life; A man who carried out a "road rage" killing is beginning a life sentence after being convicted of murder at the Old Bailey in London.

● 2000 - After five years of deadlock, Russia approved the START II treaty that calls for the scrapping of U.S. and Russian nuclear warheads. The Russian government warned it would abandon all arms-control pacts if Washington continued with an anti-missile system.

● 2002 - Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez returned to office two days after being ousted and arrested by his country's military.

● 2003 - Human Genome Project successfully completed with 99% of the human genome sequenced to 99.99% accuracy.

● 2003 - Saddam Hussein's hometown of Tikrit fell to U.S.-led forces with unexpectedly light resistance.

● 2003 - U.S. commandos in Baghdad captured Abul Abbas, leader of the Palestinian group that killed an American on the hijacked cruise liner Achille Lauro in 1985.

● 2005 - The Oregon Supreme Court nullified nearly 3,000 marriage licenses issued to gay couples a year earlier by Portland's Multnomah County.

BIRTHS

● 1336 - Emperor Go-Kogon of Japan (d. 1374)

● 1572 - Adam Tanner, Austrian mathematician (d. 1632)

● 1578 - King Philip III of Spain (d. 1621)

● 1629 - Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician (d. 1695)

● 1668 - Magnus Julius De la Gardie, Swedish General (d. 1741)

● 1714 - Adam Gib, Scottish religious leader (d. 1788)

● 1738 - William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1809)

● 1741 - Emperor Momozono of Japan (d. 1762)

● 1773 - Jean-Baptiste Guillaume Joseph, comte de Villèle, French statesman (d. 1854)

● 1788 - David G. Burnet, interim president of the Republic of Texas (d. 1870)

● 1802 - Horace Bushnell, American Congregational minister and controversial theologian (d. 1876)

● 1827 - Augustus Pitt-Rivers, English archaeologist (d. 1900)

● 1831 - Gerhard Rohlfs, German explorer; journeyed across deserts of North Africa (d. 1896)

● 1842 - Adna R. Chaffee, American army officer; chief of staff (1904-06) (d. 1914)

● 1866 - Anne Sullivan, Helen Keller's teacher (d. 1936)

● 1868 - Peter Behrens, German architect (d. 1940)

● 1870 - Victor Borisov-Musatov, Russian painter (d. 1905)

● 1870 - Syd Gregory, Australian cricketer (d. 1929)

● 1872 - Abdullah Yusuf Ali, Islamic scholar (d. 1953)

● 1879 - James Branch Cabell, American novelist; wrote "Jurgen" (d. 1958)

● 1886 - Ernst Robert Curtius, Alsatian philologist (d. 1956)

● 1889 - Arnold Toynbee, English historian; wrote 12-volume "Study of History" (d. 1975)

● 1892 - Juan Belmonte, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1962)

● 1897 - Claire Windsor, American actress (d. 1972)

● 1902 - Menachem Mendel Schneerson, Ukrainian rabbi (d. 1994)

● 1904 - Sir John Gielgud, English actor (d. 2000)

● 1905 - Elizabeth Huckaby, American educator (d. 1999)

● 1907 - François Duvalier, Haitian politician (d. 1971)

● 1917 - Marvin Miller, American labor activist

● 1917 - Valerie Hobson, British actress (d. 1998)

● 1921 - Thomas Schelling, American economist, Nobel laureate

● 1925 - Gene Ammons, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1974)

● 1925 - Abel Muzorewa, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe

● 1925 - Rod Steiger, American actor (d. 2002)

● 1926 - Frank Daniel, Czech-born writer

● 1926 - Liz Renay, American actress

● 1927 - Alan MacDiarmid, New Zealand chemist, Nobel laureate

● 1929 - Gerry Anderson, English television producer

● 1930 - Bradford Dillman, American actor

● 1930 - Jay Robinson, Actor

● 1933 - Morton Subotnick, American composer

● 1934(35? NYT) - Loretta Lynn, American singer/songwriter

● 1935 - Erich von Däniken, Swiss writer

● 1936 - Kenneth Mars, American actor

● 1936 - Frank Serpico, American policeman

● 1941(40? NYT) - Julie Christie, British actress

● 1941 - Pete Rose, American baseball player and Hall of Infamy member

● 1942 - Valeriy Brumel, Russian athlete (d. 2003)

● 1942 - Valentin Lebedev, Russian cosmonaut

● 1945 - Ritchie Blackmore, English guitarist (Deep Purple)

● 1948 - Anastasios Papaligouras, Greek lawyer

● 1949 - DeAnne Julius, American/English economist

● 1949 - John Shea, American actor

● 1951 - Julian Lloyd Webber, English cellist

● 1954 - Bruce Sterling, American science fiction author

● 1957 - Lothaire Bluteau, Canadian actor

● 1957 - Richard Jeni, American comedian (d. 2007)

● 1958 - John D'Aquino, American actor

● 1960 - Brad Garrett, American actor ("Everybody Loves Raymond")

● 1961 - Robert Carlyle, British actor

● 1962 - John Bell, Rock musician (Widespread Panic)

● 1964 - Brian Adams, American professional wrestler

● 1966 - David Justice, American baseball player

● 1966 - Greg Maddux, American baseball player

● 1967 - Barrett Martin, Rock musician

● 1968 - Anthony Michael Hall, American actor

● 1969 - Brad Ausmus, American baseball player

● 1969 - Vebjørn Selbekk, Norwegian journalist

● 1969 - Martyn LeNoble, Dutch musician

● 1970 - Shizuka Kudo, Japanese singer

● 1972 - Paul Devlin, England-born Scottish footballer

● 1972 - Roberto Mejia, Dominican baseball player

● 1973 - Roberto Ayala, Argentine footballer

● 1973 - Adrien Brody, American actor

● 1973 - David Miller, Singer (Il Divo)

● 1974 - Da Brat, American rapper

● 1975 - Amy Dumas, American professional wrestler

● 1975 - Veronika Zemanová, Czech model

● 1975 - Avner Dorman, Israeli composer

● 1976 - Anna DeForge, American basketball player

● 1976 - Jason Wiemer, Canadian ice hockey player

● 1977 - Sarah Michelle Gellar, American actress ("Buffy the Vampire Slayer")

● 1977 - Rob McElhenney, Actor, producer

● 1979 - Rebecca DiPietro, American model

● 1980 - Ben Wells, American actor

● 1983 - James McFadden, Scottish footballer

● 1984 - Adán Sánchez, Mexican-American singer (d. 2004)

● 1993 - Vivien Cardone, Actress ("Everwood")

● 1996 - Abigail Breslin, American child actress ("Little Miss Sunshine")

DEATHS

● 1132 - Mstislav of Kiev (b. 1076)

● 1279 - Boleslaus of Greater Poland

● 1322 - Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Lord Badlesmere, English soldier (b. 1275)

● 1345 - Richard Aungerville, English bishop and writer (b. 1287)

● 1471 - Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, English kingmaker (b. 1428)

● 1574 - Louis of Nassau, Dutch general (killed in battle) (b. 1538)

● 1578 - James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, consort of Mary I of Scotland

● 1599 - Henry Wallop, English statesman

● 1612 - Sasaki Kojiro, Japanese samurai (killed by Musashi Miyamoto)

● 1662 - William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English statesman (b. 1582)

● 1682 - Avvakum, Russian priest and writer (b. 1621)

● 1716 - Arthur Herbert, 1st Earl of Torrington, British admiral

● 1721 - Michel Chamillart, French statesman (b. 1652)

● 1759 - George Frideric Handel, German composer (b. 1685)

● 1785 - William Whitehead, English writer (b. 1715)

● 1792 - Maximilian Hell, Slovakian astronomer (b. 1720)

● 1910 - Mikhail Vrubel, Russian painter (b. 1856)

● 1912 - Henri Brisson, French statesman (b. 1835)

● 1914 - Hubert Bland, English co-founder of the Fabian Society (b. 1855)

● 1917 - Ludovich Lazarus Zamenhof, Polish creator of Esperanto (b. 1859)

● 1925 - John Singer Sargent, English artist (b. 1856)

● 1930 - Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russian writer (b. 1893)

● 1935 - Amalie Emmy Noether, German mathematician (b. 1882)

● 1941 - Guillermo Kahlo, father of Frida Kahlo (b. 1871)

● 1950 - Sri Ramana Maharshi, Indian philosopher (b. 1879)

● 1964 - Tatyana Alexeyevna Afanasyeva, Russian/Dutch mathematician (b. 1876)

● 1964 - Rachel Carson, American environmentalist (b. 1907)

● 1968 - Al Benton, American baseball player (b. 1911)

● 1975 - Fredric March, American actor (b. 1897)

● 1984 - Dionisis Papagiannopoulos, Greek actor (b. 1912)

● 1986 - Simone de Beauvoir, French feminist writer (b. 1908)

● 1994 - Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani scientist and scholar (b. 1897)

● 1995 - Burl Ives, American singer and actor (b. 1909)

● 1999 - Ellen Corby, American actress (b. 1911)

● 1999 - Anthony Newley, British actor and singer (b. 1931)

● 2000 - Frenchy Bordagaray, American baseball player (b. 1910)

● 2000 - Phil Katz, American computer programmer (b. 1962)

● 2001 - Hiroshi Teshigahara, Japanese director (b. 1927)

● 2006 - Mahmut Bakalli, Kosovo politician (b. 1936)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic:
● St. Abundius
● St. Ardalion
● St. Domnina
● St. Justin, philosopher/martyr
● St. Lambert of Lyon
● St. Lydwine
● St. Peter Gonzalez
● St. Tassach
● St. Thomais
● Sts. Tiburtius, Valerina, Maximus, martyrs

● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for April 1 (Civil Date: April 14)
● St. Mary the Egyptian.
● St. Euthymius, monk of Suzdal.
● St. Macarius, abbot of Pelecete.
● Martyrs Gerontius and Basilides.
● Martyr Abraham of Bulgaria.
● Righteous Achaz.
● St. Gerontius, canonarch of the Kiev Caves.
● New-Martyr Schema-bishop Macarius (1944)
● New-Martyr Michael (Misha), fool-for-Christ (1931).
● Repose of Elder Barsanuphius of Optina (1913).
● Saint Meletion

● N'Ko Alphabet Day - the anniversary of the day the N'Ko alphabet was completed in 1949.

● Tamil New Year - Celebrations for Tamils all over the world.

● New Year Celebrations in parts of India and whole of Sri Lanka.

● Burma : Water Festival (416)

● El Salvador, Haiti, Honduras, Venezuela : Pan American Day/Día de las Américas

● Laos : New Years (416)

● Mauritius : Varusha Pirruppa

● Baisakhi - Celebrations in Punjab, India.

● Poila Baisakh - Celebrations in Bengal, India.

● Vishu - Harvest festival in Kerala, India.

● Black Day - Informal celebration day for single people in South Korea.

● Youth Day in Angola.

● Mologa Day in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia

● Songkran - one of the three days celebrating the Thai New Year

● National Day of Climate Action in the United States

● Day of the Georgian language in Georgia

IN FICTION

● 1887 - Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "Reigate Squires"


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

On This Day Website

Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.

Scope Systems Any Day Website

Roman Catholic Saint of the Day

Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar

Quotes of the Day taken from "The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right" Compiled by William P. Martin 2004

Permanent Backlink to Post