March 23......

March 23 is the 82nd (83rd in leap years) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 283 days remaining in the year on this date.

{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}

EVENTS

● 625 - Battle of Uhud takes place between Muslims and Pagans in Arabia

● 752 - Stephen is elected Pope. He died three days later, before being ordained bishop, and is not considered a legitimate pope.

● 1026 - Koenraad II crowns himself king of Italy

● 1066 - 18th recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet

● 1153 - Treaty of Konstanz between Frederik I "Barbarossa" & Pope Eugene III

● 1174 - Jocelin, abbot of Melrose, is elected bishop of Glasgow

● 1490 - The first dated edition of Maimonides "Mishna Torah" was published.

● 1513 - Don Juan Ponce de Leon, a former governor of Puerto Rico, discovered Florida. He claimed the land for Spain.

● 1540 - In a show of growing support for Henry VIII, Waltham Abbey in Essex became the last monastery in England to transfer its allegiance from the Catholic Church to the newly-established Church of England.

● 1568 - Peace of Longjumeau ends the Second War of Religion in France. Again Catherine de Medici and Charles IX of France make substantial concessions to the Huguenots.

● 1579 - Friesland joins Union of Utrecht

● 1593 - English Congressionalist Henry Barrow accused of slander

● 1630 - French troops occupy Pinerolo Piedmont

● 1657 - France & England form alliance against Spain; England gets Dunkirk

● 1708 - English pretender to the throne James III lands at Firth of Forth

● 1744(43? NYT) - In London, composer George Frederic Handel's famous oratorio "Messiah" was performed for the first time.

● 1775 - American Revolutionary War: Patrick Henry delivers his famous speech -"give me liberty or give me death" at St. John's Church in Richmond, Virginia.

● 1794 - Josiah Pierson patents a "cold-header" (rivet) machine

● 1794 - Lieutenant-General Tadeusz Kosciuszko returns to Poland

● 1801 - Tsar Paul I of Russia is struck with a sword, then strangled, and finally trampled to death in his bedroom at St. Michael's Castle.

● 1806 - After traveling through the Louisiana Purchase and reaching the Pacific Ocean, explorers Lewis and Clark and their "Corps of Discovery" begin their arduous journey home.

● 1808 - Napoleon's brother Joseph takes the throne of Spain

● 1821 - Battle and fall of city of Kalamata, Greek War of Independence.

● 1832 - British Parliament passes reform bill

● 1835 - Charles Darwin reaches Los Arenales, in the Andes

● 1836 - Coin Press invented by Franklin Beale

● 1839 - First recorded use of "OK" as an abbreviation for "oll korrect" in the Boston Morning Post.

● 1840 - Draper takes 1st successful photo of the Moon (daguerrotype)

● 1842 - Congressman Joshua R. Giddings of Ohio censured by the House of Representatives for introducing resolutions opposing slavery and the coastal slave trade. The "Gag Rule," first adopted by a South-dominated Congress in 1836, and renewed at the beginning of each session thereafter, pledged every member not to mention the slavery issue on the floor of the House. {I guess they felt some things were just too dangerous to even talk about.}

● 1848 - Hungary proclaimed its independence of Austria.

● 1848 - The ship John Wickliffe arrives at Port Chalmers carrying the first Scottish settlers for Dunedin, New Zealand. Otago province is founded.

● 1849 - Battle of Novara (King Charles Albert vs Italian republic)

● 1857 - Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway, New York City.

● 1857 - Death of Emile L'Angelier in Glasgow, Scotland -- possibly by the hand of Madeleine Smith.

● 1858 - Streetcar patented (Eleazer A Gardner of Philadelphia)

● 1860 - Birth of Andre Girard (known as Max Buhr) (1860-1942), in Bordeaux. Anarchistic militant and trade unionist.

● 1861 - John D. Defrees became the first Superintendent of the United States Government Printing Office.

● 1861 - London's 1st tramcars, designed by Mr Train of New York, begins operating

● 1862 - Battle of Kernstown VA-Jackson begins his Valley Campaign

● 1864 - Encounter at Camden AR

● 1865 - General Sherman/Cox' troops reach Goldsboro NC

● 1867 - Congress passes 2nd Reconstruction Act over President Johnson's veto

● 1868 - The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into law.

● 1868 - University of California founded (Oakland CA)

● 1871 - France - Communes proclaimed in Lyon and Marseilles.

● 1877 - Mormon fanatic John Doyle Lee was executed by a firing squad for masterminding the Mountain Meadows Massacre. In 1857, a wagon train of 127 Arkansas Methodist emigrants, bound for California, were killed by a party of Mormon settlers and Paiute Indians at Mountain Meadows (near Cedar City), Utah.

● 1880 - John Stevens of Wisconsin patented the grain crushing mill. The mill increased flour production by 70 percent.

● 1881 - Boers & Britain sign peace accord; end 1st Boer war

● 1881 - Gas lamp sets fire to Nice France opera house; 70 die

● 1889 - Land run: President Benjamin Harrison opens Oklahoma, former Indian Territory, to white settlement starting on April 22.

● 1889 - The free Woolwich Ferry officially opens in east London.

● 1889 - The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community was established by Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Qadian India.

● 1892 - Birth of George Arthur Buttrick, English Presbyterian pastor and educator. A teacher at both Union Theological Seminary and Harvard University, Buttrick is best remembered as chief editor of "The Interpreter's Bible" (1952-57).

● 1896 - The Raines Law is passed by the New York State Legislature, restricting Sunday sale of alcohol to hotels

● 1901 - Emilio Aguinaldo, leader of the Filipino rebels is captured. At the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, the U.S. had returned Aguinaldo to the Philippines to direct the native uprisings against the Spanish. In 1899 when the Filipinos learned the U.S. did not intend to give them their independence, Aguinaldo led an armed revolt against U.S. rule. An American force of 70,000 was sent to suppress this "insurrection." The U.S. retained the Philippines as a colony until the end of World War II.

● 1901 - Dame Nellie Melba, reveals secret of her now famous toast

● 1901 - It was learned that Boers were starving in British concentration camps in South Africa.

● 1901 - Shots were fired at Privy Councilor Pobyedonostzev, who was considered to be Russia's most hated man.

● 1902 - In Italy, the minimum legal working age was raised from 9 to 12 for boys and from 11 to 15 for girls.

● 1903 - The Wright Brothers apply for a patent on their invention of one of the first successful airplanes after much hard work.

● 1903 - U.S. troops were sent to Honduras to protect the American consulate during revolutionary activity.

● 1905 - John Collins, co-founder of Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, born, Britain.

● 1906 - Utopianist Thomas Lake Harris dies, Brocton, New York. Once "America's best-known mystic."

● 1908 - Joan Crawford, the Academy Award-winning actress who epitomized the glamorous Hollywood movie star, was born.

● 1909 - British Lt. Shackleton found the magnetic South Pole.

● 1909 - Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for a post-presidency safari in Africa. The trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society.

● 1910 - In the Canary Islands, women offered candidates for legislative elections.

● 1912 - Dixie Cup invented

● 1915 - Zion Mule Corp forms

● 1916 - Black activist Marcus Garvey arrives in America, from Jamaica. He would be deported as an "undesirable alien" 11 years later.

● 1917 - Austrian Emperor Charles I made a peace proposal to French President Poincare.

● 1917 - 4 day series of tornadoes kills 211 in Midwest US

● 1918 - Trial begins of 101 Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) union activists in Chicago for opposition to World War I; tried for violating the Espionage Act. In September 1917, 165 IWW leaders were arrested for conspiring to hinder the draft, encourage desertion, and intimidate others in connection with labor disputes. It lasted five months, the longest criminal trial in American history up to that time. The jury found them all guilty. The judge sentenced IWW leader "Big Bill" Haywood and 14 others to 20 years in prison; 33 were given 10 years, the rest shorter sentences. They were fined a total of $2,500,000. The IWW was shattered. Haywood jumped bail and fled to revolutionary Russia, where he remained until his death 10 years later.

● 1918 - Crépy-en-Laonnoise: German artillery shells Paris France, 256 killed

● 1918 - Lithuania proclaims independence

● 1919 - Bashkir ASSR, in RSFSR, constituted

● 1919 - Moscow's Politburo/Central Committee forms

● 1919 - In Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini founds his Fascist political movement.

● 1920 - Perserikatan Communist of India (PKI) political party forms

● 1920 - Britain denounced the U.S. because of their delay in joining the League of Nations.

● 1921 - Netherlands - War Resisters International founded, Bilthoven.

● 1921 - A bomb explodes at the Diana theatre in Milan, Italy, killing and wounding many. The work of an individualist anarchist group believed manipulated and set up by the Chief of Police Gasti, the bombing served as a pretext for a general repression against all anarchists and also served the interests of the fascists, who attacked the offices of the trade unions and leftist organizations.

● 1922 - 1st airplane lands at the US Capitol in Washington DC

● 1925 - The state of Tennessee enacted a law that made it a crime for a teacher in any state-supported public school to teach any theory that was in contradiction to the Bible's account of man's creation. {Thus outlawing the teaching of evolution and setting the stage for the Scope's monkey trial.}

● 1927 - Two hundred fifty revolutionary workers shot in Shanghai after Nationalist leader Chang Kai-Shek captures city.

● 1929 - 1st telephone installed in White House

● 1931 - Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev embrace the gallows during the Indian struggle for independence. Their request to be shot by a firing squad is refused.

● 1932 - Norris-LaGuardia Act restricts employer use of federal injunction against unions & bans yellow dog contracts.

● 1933 - Germany - Dachau opens for business -- the first of many concentration camps in Germany for the destruction of Jews and the undesirables classified 'unfit."

● 1933 - The German Reichstag adopted the Enabling Act. The act effectively granted Adolf Hitler dictatorial legislative powers.

● 1934 - The U.S. Congress accepted the independence of the Philippines in 1945.

● 1935 - Signing of the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.

● 1936 - Italy, Austria & Hungary sign Pact of Rome

● 1937 - Los Angeles Railway Co starts using PCC streetcars

● 1940 - The Lahore Resolution (Qarardad-e-Pakistan or the then Qarardad-e-Lahore) is put forward at the Annual General Convention of the All India Muslim League.

● 1942 - Birth of Ama Ata Aidoo. Ghanaian writer, who has depicted in her works the role of African woman in modern society.

● 1942 - World War II: In the Indian Ocean, Japanese forces capture the Andaman Islands.

● 1942 - 2,500 Jews of Lublin massacred or deported

● 1942 - US move native-born of Japanese ancestry into detention centers

● 1943 - German counter attack on US lines in Tunisia

● 1944 - Bomb assassination against Southern Tirol congregation in Rome, 33 die

● 1944 - Nicholas Alkemade falls 5,500 meter without a parachute & lives

● 1945 - British 7th Black Watch crosses the Rhine

● 1945 - Largest operation in Pacific war, 1,500 US Navy ships bomb Okinawa

● 1945 - Prime Minister Winston Churchill visits Montgomery's headquarter in Straelen

● 1950 - Sophocles Venizelos forms liberal Greeks government

● 1950 - UN World Meteorological Organization established

● 1951 - Wages in France increase 11%

● 1951 - U.S. paratroopers descended from flying boxcars in a surprise attack in Korea.

● 1956 - Sudan becomes independent

● 1956 - Pakistan becomes the first Islamic republic in the world.

● 1957 - Twelve years after successfully dropping two atomic bombs, the U.S. Army sells off the last of its homing pigeons.

● 1958 - Golden Rule sails into U.S. nuclear test area, South Pacific.

● 1960 - Explorer (8) fails to reach Earth orbit

● 1962 - JFK visits San Francisco

● 1962 - NS Savannah, the first nuclear-powered cargo-passenger ship, was launched as a showcase for Dwight D. Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace initiative.

● 1963 - In London, United Kingdom, Grethe & Jørgen Ingmann win the eighth Eurovision Song Contest for Denmark singing "Dansevise" (Dancing tune).

● 1964 - UNCTAD 1 world conference opens in Geneva

● 1965 - Moroccan army shoots on demonstrators, about 100 killed

● 1965 - NASA launches Gemini 3, the United States' first two-man space flight (crew: Gus Grissom and John Young).

● 1966 - Archbishop of Canterbury Arthur Michael Ramsey met and exchanged public greetings with Pope Paul VI in Rome. It was the first official meeting between heads of the Anglican and Roman Catholic churches in over 400 years.

● 1967 - Che Guevara helps start guerrilla war in Bolivia.

● 1967 - Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. called the Vietnam War the biggest obstacle to the civil rights movement. {Thus sealing his fate to be assassinated next.}

● 1968 - Reverend Walter Fauntroy, is 1st non-voting congressional delegate from Washington DC

● 1969 - Trial of seven Mohawks for demonstrating on international bridge between U.S. and Canada.

● 1969 - Thirty thousand people, including Jackie Gleason, Kate Smith, the Lettermen, and Anita Bryant, appear at the Rally for Decency in Miami. Announcements publicizing the rally warn "longhairs and weird dressers" won't be let inside. Four days later, Pres. Richard Nixon -- whose administration is rife with crooks, liars, cheats, and thieves -- sends a letter of congratulation and appreciation to the organizers of the rally.

● 1970 - President Nixon declares national emergency, orders 30,000 troops to New York City to break Postal Wildcat Strike.

● 1970 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

● 1970 - Mafia "Boss" Carlo Gambino was arrested for plotting to steal $3 million.

● 1971 - Dutch 2nd Chamber accept simplified divorce

● 1971 - USSR performs underground nuclear test

● 1972 - The U.S. called a halt to the peace talks on Vietnam being held in Paris.

● 1973 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

● 1973 - Yoko Ono is granted permanent residence in US

● 1974 - Aristide Lapeyre (1899-1974) dies in Bordeaux, France. Hairdresser, anarchist, pacifist militant, and neo-Malthusian. In 1929, with his brothers Laurent and Paul, helped found the CGT-SR. Lapeyre was a participant in the Spanish Revolution and during WWII helped many comrades escape the Gestapo, and himself was taken hostage by the Nazis. Fought for abortion rights, practicing abortions himself, & in June 19, 1973, he was sent to prison for five years following the accidental death of a patient.

● 1974 - Coalition of Labor Union Women (CLUW) founded.

● 1976 - International Bill of Rights goes into effect (35 nations ratify)

● 1977 - Government wins no confidence vote; The Labour government survives a vote of "no confidence" in the House of Commons thanks to support from the Liberals.

● 1978 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

● 1978 - The first UNIFIL troops arrived in Lebanon for peacekeeping mission along the Blue Line.

● 1980 - France performs nuclear test

● 1980 - The deposed shah of Iran, Muhammad Riza Pahlavi, left Panama for Egypt.

● 1980 - Archbishop Óscar Romero of El Salvador gives his famous speech appealing to men of the El Salvadoran armed forces to stop killing the Salvadorans.

● 1981 - New measures to contain farm disease; The government bans all animal transport to contain an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease.

● 1981 - Supreme Court rules states could require, with some exceptions, parental notification when teen-age girls sought abortions

● 1981 - Supreme Court upholds law making statutory rape a crime only for men

● 1982 - Guatemala military coup under General Rios Montt, President Romeo Lucas flees

● 1983 - Dr. Barney Clark died after 112 days with a permanent artificial heart.

● 1983 - In his "Star Wars" speech, Pres. Ronald Reagan proposes a space-based system to blast incoming missiles out of the sky -- just like the 1940 film "Murder in the Air," whose hero, Secret Service Agent Brass Bancroft (played by Ronald Reagan!), gets involved with the "Inertia Projector," a death ray that can zap planes. {The original Strategic Defense Initiative called only for kinetic weapons and a full sharing of the technology with any 'enemy.' Something Reagan and later proponents have failed to mention.}

● 1983 - the Apatosaurus is made the official state dinosaur of Guam.

● 1984 - Government of U.S.-installed Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet declares state of emergency and arrests 600 leftists.

● 1984 - One thousand boats demonstrate against arrival of U.S.S. Queenfish, Auckland, New Zealand.

● 1985 - Discovery moves to Vandenberg AFB for mating of STS 51-D mission

● 1985 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

● 1987 - 30 hurt as car bomb hits Army base; More than 30 people are injured in a car bomb explosion at the UK Army headquarters in Rheindahlen, West Germany.

● 1987 - US offers military protection to Kuwaiti ships in the Persian Gulf

● 1987 - West Germany SPD chairman Willy Brandt resigns

● 1989 - Joel Steinberg sentenced to 25 years for killing his adopted daughter

● 1989 - Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann announce cold fusion at the University of Utah.

● 1989 - A 1,000-foot diameter Near-Earth asteroid misses the Earth by 400,000 miles.

● 1990 - Former Exxon Valdez Captain Joseph Hazelwood ordered to help clean up Prince William Sound & pay $50,000 in restitution for 1989 oil spill

● 1991 - 20 Tornadoes kill 5 in Tennessee

● 1991 - Tories launch 'citizen charter;' Failing public service providers will be forced to offer customers cash refunds or face government budget cuts, the Prime Minister announces.

● 1993 - U.N. experts announced that record ozone lows had been registered over a large area of the Western Hemisphere.

● 1993 - Belgian government of Dehaene, resigns

● 1994 - Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexico's leading presidential candidate, was assassinated in Tijuana. Mario Aburto Martinez was arrested at the scene and confessed to the killing. Investigations of the assassination suggested probable links to corruption in the highest levels of the PRI, the political party that had ruled Mexico since 1910.

● 1994 - Aeroflot Flight 593 crashes in Siberia when the pilot's fifteen-year old son accidentally disengages the autopilot, killing 75.

● 1996 - Taiwan holds its first direct elections and chooses Lee Teng-hui as President.

● 1997 - Between two and seven Univ. of East Timor students are killed by Indonesian police while attempting to meet in a hotel with U.N. human rights envoy Jamsheed Marker.

● 1998 - Germany's largest bank pledged $3.1 million to Jewish foundations as restitution for Nazi looting. {Talk about too little, too late.}

● 1998 - The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that term limits for state lawmakers were constitutional.

● 1998 - Russian President Boris Yeltsin fired his Cabinet.

● 1999 - NATO Secretary-General Javier Solana gave formal approval for air strikes against Serbian targets.

● 1999 - Near Mandi Bahauddin, Pakistan, a bus fell into a fast-moving canal. Nine were confirmed dead, 31 were missing and presumed dead, and 20 were injured.

● 1999 - Gunmen assassinate Paraguay's Vice President Luis María Argaña.

● 2001 - The Russian Mir space station is disposed of, breaking up in the atmosphere before falling into the southern Pacific Ocean near Fiji.

● 2003 - In Nasiriyah, Iraq, 11 soldiers of the 507th Maintenance Company as well as 18 U.S. Marines are killed during the first major conflict of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Seven were captured, including PFC Jessica Lynch.

● 2004 - Andhra Pradesh Federation of Trade Unions holds its first conference in Hyderabad, India.

● 2005 - A federal appeals court refused to reinsert Terri Schiavo's feeding tube and the Florida Legislature decided not to intervene in the epic struggle over the brain-damaged woman; Schiavo's parents filed a request with the U.S. Supreme Court.

● 2006 - Federal Reserve discontinues publishing M3 money supply.

● 2006 - Sony announces the end of Original Playstation's 11 year running manufacturing.

● 2007- PlayStation 3 released in Europe

BIRTHS

● 1429(30? NYT) - Margaret of Anjou, wife of Henry VI of England (d. 1482)

● 1638 - Frederik Ruysch, DutcH physician and anatomist (d. 1731)

● 1699 - John Bartram, American botanist (d. 1777)

● 1723 - Agha Mohammad Khan Ghajar, King of Iran (d. 1771)

● 1749 - Pierre Simon de Laplace, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1827)

● 1754 - Baron Jurij Vega, Slovenian mathematician, physicist, and artillery officer (d. 1802)

● 1769 - William Smith, English geologist and cartographer (d. 1839)

● 1769 - Augustin Daniel Belliard, French general (d. 1832)

● 1823 - Schuyler Colfax, Vice President of the United States (d. 1885)

● 1826 - Léon Minkus, German/Czech composer and violinist (d. 1917)

● 1831 - Eduard Schlagintweit, German writer (d. 1866)

● 1834 - Julius Reubke, German composer (d. 1858)

● 1858 - Ludwig Quidde, German pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1941)

● 1868 - Dietrich Eckart, early supporter of Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party and member of Thule Society (d. 1923)

● 1878 - Franz Schreker, Austrian composer (d. 1934)

● 1881 - Roger Martin du Gard, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)

● 1881 - Hermann Staudinger, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1965)

● 1882 - Emmy Noether, German mathematician (d. 1935)

● 1887 - Juan Gris, Spanish artist (d. 1927)

● 1887 - Sidney Hillman, American labor leader and one of the founders of the C.I.O. (d. 1946)

● 1887 - Prince Felix Yussupov, Russian assassin of Rasputin (d. 1967)

● 1893 - Cedric Gibbons, Irish-born American art director for M.G.M. studios (d. 1960)

● 1899 - Dora Gerson, German actress and singer (d. 1943)

● 1900 - Erich Fromm, German-born psychoanalyst (d. 1980)

● 1905 - Lale Andersen, German singer and cabaretist (d. 1972)

● 1905(08? NYT) - Joan Crawford, American actress (d. 1977)

● 1907 - Daniel Bovet, Swiss-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1992)

● 1910 - Akira Kurosawa, Japanese film director (d. 1998)

● 1912 - Betty Astell, British actress (d. 2005)

● 1912 - Wernher von Braun, German-born physicist and engineer (d. 1977)

● 1915 - Vasily Zaitsev, Russian World War II hero (d. 1991)

● 1920 - Neal Smith (politician), former United States Congressman

● 1921 - Donald Malcolm Campbell, English motorboat and automobile driver (d. 1967)

● 1922 - Marty Allen, Comedian

● 1925 - David Watkin, British cinematographer

● 1929 - Sir Roger Bannister, British runner

● 1931 - Viktor Korchnoi, Russian chess player

● 1931 - Yevgenij Grishin, Russian speed skater (d. 2005)

● 1933 - Philip Zimbardo, American psychologist, known for the Stanford prison experiment

● 1934 - Mark Rydell, American film and television director

● 1934 - Ludvig Faddeev, Russian mathematician

● 1937 - Craig Breedlove, American land speed record holder

● 1938 - Maynard Jackson, American politician (d. 2003)

● 1939 - Pepe Lienhard, Swiss band leader and entertainer

● 1941 - Jim Trelease, American educator and children's literature author

● 1942 - Walter Rodney, Guyanese historian and political figure (d. 1980)

● 1944 - Michael Nyman, British minimalist composer

● 1948 - David Olney, American musician

● 1949 - Ric Ocasek, American musician (The Cars)

● 1950 - Mike Easley, Governor of North Carolina

● 1950 - Anthony De Longis, American actor

● 1951 - Corinne Clery, French actress

● 1951 - Ron Jaworski, American NFL quarterback, ESPN analyst

● 1952 - Kim Stanley Robinson, American author

● 1953 - Bo Diaz, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1990)

● 1953 - Chaka Khan, American singer

● 1955 - Moses Malone, American basketball player and Hall of Fame member

● 1955 - Susan Schwab, U.S. trade representative

● 1955 - Petrea Burchard, American actress

● 1956 - José Manuel Durão Barroso, Portuguese politician, president of the European Commission

● 1956 - Thomas Wassberg, Swedish cross-country skier

● 1957 - Amanda Plummer, American actress

● 1957 - Robbie James, Welsh footballer (d. 1998)

● 1960 - Nicol Stephen, Deputy First Minister of Scotland

● 1961 - Helmi Johannes, Indonesian television newscaster

● 1964 - Hope Davis, American actress

● 1964 - John Pinette, American comedian

● 1965 - Richard Grieco, American actor and singer

● 1965 - Kevin Griffin, Country musician (Yankee Grey)

● 1965 - Marti Pellow, Scottish singer

● 1965 - Gary Whitehead, American poet

● 1966 - Marin Hinkle, Actress ("Two and a Half Men")

● 1967 - David Ford, Canadian kayaker

● 1968 - Damon Albarn, English musician (Blur and Gorillaz)

● 1968 - Mitch Cullin, American novelist

● 1968 - Fernando Hierro, Spanish footballer

● 1970 - Melissa Errico, Actress-singer

● 1970 - John Humphrey, Rock musician (The Nixons)

● 1971 - Yasmeen Ghauri, Canadian supermodel

● 1971 - Karen McDougal, American model

● 1971 - Gail Porter, British television presenter

● 1971 - Alexander Selivanov, Russian ice hockey player

● 1971 - Hiroyoshi Tenzan, Japanese professional wrestler

● 1972 - Judith Godrèche, French actress and author

● 1973 - Jason Kidd, American basketball player

● 1973 - Jerzy Dudek, Polish football goalkeeper

● 1975 - Alydar, American racehorse (d. 1990)

● 1976 - Keri Russell, American actress ("Felicity")

● 1976 - Michelle Monaghan, Actress

● 1976 - Ricardo Zonta, Brazilian racing car driver

● 1977 - Jean Carlos Gamarra, Peruvian Taekwondo Player

● 1978 - Paul Martin, Country singer (Marshall Dyllon)

● 1978 - Nicholle Tom, American actress

● 1978 - Walter Samuel, Argentine footballer

● 1979 - Mark Buehrle, American baseball player

● 1979 - Misty Hyman, American swimmer

● 1981 - Luciana Carro, Canadian actress

● 1981 - Erin Crocker, Nascar driver

● 1982 - Tomasz Kuszczak, Polish football goalkeeper

● 1983 - Jerome Thomas, English footballer

● 1985 - Maurice Drew, American football player

● 1986 - Steven Strait, American actor

● 1990 - Princess Eugenie of York

DEATHS

● 1103 - Eudes I, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1058)

● 1369 - King Pedro of Castile (b. 1334)

● 1548 - Itagaki Nobukata, retainer of Takeda Shingen

● 1555 - Pope Julius III, (b. 1487)

● 1559 - Emperor Gelawdewos of Ethiopia (killed in battle) (b. 1521/1522)

● 1596 - Henry Unton, English diplomat

● 1606 - Justus Lipsius, Flemish humanist (b. 1547)

● 1618 - James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn, Scottish politician

● 1653 - Johan van Galen, Dutch naval officer (b. 1604)

● 1680 - Nicolas Fouquet, French statesman (b. 1615)

● 1742 - Jean-Baptiste Dubos, French writer (b. 1670)

● 1747 - Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French soldier (b. 1675)

● 1748 - Johann Gottfried Walther, German music theorist, organist, and composer (b. 1684)

● 1754 - Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian (b. 1693)

● 1783 - Charles Caroll, American lawyer and delegate to the Continental Congress (b. 1723)

● 1801 - Tsar Paul of Russia (b. 1754)

● 1842 - Stendhal, French writer (b. 1783)

● 1927 - Paul César Helleu, French artist (b. 1859)

● 1931 - Bhagat Singh, Rajguru Sukhdev Indian freedom fighters

● 1935 - Florence Moore, American actress (b. 1886)

● 1955 - Artur da Silva Bernardes, President of Brazil (b. 1875)

● 1960 - Franklin Pierce Adams, American newspaper columnist (b. 1881)

● 1964 - Peter Lorre, Hungarian-born actor (b. 1904)

● 1965 - Mae Murray, American actress (b. 1889)

● 1968 - Edwin O'Connor, American novelist and Pulitzer Prize for Fiction winner (b. 1918)

● 1970 - Del Lord, Canadian director (b. 1894)

● 1972 - Cristóbal Balenciaga, Spanish fashion designer (b. 1895)

● 1979 - Orlando Letelier, Chilean ambassador to the United States (b. 1932)

● 1979 - Ted Anderson, English footballer (b. 1911)

● 1985 - Richard Beeching, chairman of British Railways

● 1992 - Friedrich Hayek, Austrian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)

● 1994 - Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexican politician (b. 1950)

● 1994 - Giulietta Masina, Italian actress (b. 1921)

● 1998 - Gerald Stano, American serial killer (b. 1951)

● 2002 - Eileen Farrell, American soprano (b. 1920)

● 2002 - Ben Hollioake, English cricketer (b. 1977)

● 2003 - Fritz Spiegl, Austrian-born journalist (b. 1926)

● 2004 - Rupert Hamer, Australian politician (b. 1916)

● 2006 - Desmond Doss, American soldier and first Conscientious objector Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1919)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic:
● St. Benedict of Campania
● St. Domitius
● St. Ethelwald
● St. Felix
● St. Fidelis
● St. Joseph Oriol
● St. Julian
● St. Nicon
● St. Rebecca (d. 1914)
● St. Theodulus
● St. Turibius of Mongrovejo, archbishop of Lima (d. 1606)
● St. Victorian

● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for March 10 (Civil Date: March 23)
● Martyrs Codratus (Quadratus) and with him Cyprian, Dionysius, Anectus, Paul, Crescens, Dionysius (another), Victorinus, Victor, Nicephorus, Claudius, Diodorus, Serapion, Papias, Leonidas, Chariessa, Nunechia, Basilissa, Nice, Galla, Galina, Theodora, and others at Corinth.
● Martyrs Codratus, Saturninus, and Rufinus of Nicomedia.
● St. Anastasius the patrician of Alexandria.
● New-Martyr Michael of Salonica.

● Greek Calendar:
● Martyr Marcian.
● Commemoration of Desert-dwellers of the Roslavl Forests near Briansk.
● Repose of Righteous Paul of Taganrog (1879) and Righteous Priest Alexander Badanov of Vologda (1913).

● Anglican:
● Gregory the Illuminator, bishop/missionary to Armenia

● Roman Empire - The fifth and final day of Quinquatria, held in honor of Minerva.

● Roman Empire - Tubilustrium was held in honor of Mars.

● Ancient Latvia - Lieldienas held in honor of Mara and other pagan goddesses.

● Bolivia : Memorial Day

● Laos : Armed Forces Day

● Lithuana : Independence Day (1918)

● Pakistan : Republic Day (1956)

● Sudan : Independence Day (1956)

● UN : World Meteorological Day, a UN observance (1950)

● World : World Meteorological Day


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

On This Day Website

Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.

Scope Systems Any Day Website

Roman Catholic Saint of the Day

Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar

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