March 15......

March 15 is the 74th (75th in leap years) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 291 days remaining in the year on this date.

In the Roman calendar March 15 was known as the Ides of March.

{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}

EVENTS

● 44 BC - Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Decimus Junius Brutus and several other Roman senators on the Ides of March.

● 221 - Liu Bei, a Chinese warlord and member of the Han royal house, declares himself emperor of Shu-Han, claiming his legitimate succession to the Han dynasty.

● 351 - Constantius II elevates his cousin Gallus to Caesar, and puts him in charge of the Eastern part of the Roman Empire.

● 493 - Theodorik the Great beats Odoaker of Italy

● 752 - St Zachary ends his reign as Catholic Pope

● 933 - Battle at Riade: German King Henry I beats Magyaren

● 1311 - Battle of Halmyros: The Catalan Company defeats Walter V of Brienne to take control of the Duchy of Athens, a Crusader state in Greece.

● 1341 - During the Hundred Years War, an alliance was signed between Roman Emperor Louis IV and France's Philip VI.

● 1360 - France invasion army lands on English south coast, conquers Winchel

● 1382 - Conservative "Popolo Grasso" regain power in Florence Italy

● 1391 - Jew hating Monk in Seville Spain stirs up people to attack Jews

● 1493 - Christopher Columbus returns to Spain after his first trip to the Americas.

● 1545 - First meeting of the Council of Trent.

● 1560 - Failed assault on royal palace in Amboise France

● 1562 - General François de Guise enters Paris France

● 1580 - Spanish king Philip II puts 25,000 gold coins on head of prince Willem of Orange

● 1672 - Charles II of England issues the Royal Declaration of Indulgence.

● 1729 - A Ceremony of Profession was held for Sister St. Stanislaus Hachard at the Ursuline convent in New Orleans, thereby making her the first Catholic woman to become a nun in America.

● 1744 - French King Louis XV declares war on England

● 1778 - Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island discovered by Captain Cook

● 1781 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Guilford Courthouse - Near present-day Greensboro, North Carolina, 1,900 British troops under General Charles Cornwallis defeat an American force numbering 4,400.

● 1783 - In an emotional speech in Newburgh, New York, George Washington asks his officers not to support the Newburgh Conspiracy. The plea is successful and the threatened coup d'etat never takes place.

● 1812 - 1st Russian settlement in California, Russian River

● 1820 - Maine becomes the 23rd U.S. state.

● 1827 - The University of Toronto is chartered.

● 1827 - Freedom's Journal, 1st Black newspaper, publishes

● 1830 - Birth of radical geographer, anarchist, Elisee Reclus, Sainte-Fay-la-Grande, France.

● 1839 - Scottish clergyman Robert Murray McCheyne wrote in a letter: 'All my ideas of peace and joy are linked in with my Bible; and I would not give the hours of secret converse with it for all the other hours I spend in this world.'

● 1844 - England - Lord Ashley introduces Ten Hours' Bill into House of Commons.

● 1848 - Revolution breaks out in Pest. The Habsburg rulers are compelled to meet the demands of the Reform party.

● 1855 - Louisiana establishes 1st health board to regulate quarantines

● 1858 - Liberty Hyde Bailey, a botanist who traveled around the world to collect and classify thousands of plants, was born.

● 1862 - General John Hunt Morgan begins 4 days of raids near Gallatin TN

● 1864 - Red River Campaign-Union forces reach Alexandria LA

● 1867 - Michigan becomes 1st state to tax property to support a university

● 1869 - First federal women's suffrage amendment ever introduced in U.S. Congress.

● 1873 - Phi Sigma Kappa Fraternity is founded at Massachusetts Agricultural College

● 1874 - France assumes "protectorate" over Annam (Vietnam).

● 1875 - In New York City, at St. Patrick's Cathedral, Archbishop John McCloskey, 65, became the first American to be invested as a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

● 1877 - Birth of Ben Fletcher. Black IWW (Industrial Workers of the World) organizer of longshore locals in Philadelphia.

● 1887 - Painter's International Union formed.

● 1887 - Michigan appoints 1st salaried game & fish warden in US (William Alden Smith)

● 1889 - 6 US & German warships perish in harbor of Apia Samoa, 200 die

● 1891 - Birth of Aldino Felicani (1891-1967), Tuscany, Italy. Anarchist activist, organizer of support committee for Sacco and Venzetti after his emigration to Boston.

● 1892 - New York State unveils automatic ballot booth (voting machine)

● 1892 - Jesse W. Reno patented the Reno Inclined Elevator. It was the first escalator.

● 1894 - France - The Belgian anarchist Jean Pauwels dies while attempting to blow up the Madeleine church in Paris. His bomb exploded prematurely. Pauwels is also suspected of being responsible for the explosions a month earlier on rue Saint Jacques and rue du Faubourg Saint Martin.

● 1901 - German Chancellor von Bulow declared that an agreement between Russia and China over Manchuria would violate the Anglo-German accord of October 1900.

● 1902 - In Boston, MA, 10,000 freight handlers went back to work after a weeklong strike.

● 1903 - The British conquest of Nigeria was completed. 500,000 square miles were now controlled by the U.K.

● 1903 - Frederick Lugard occupies Sokoto West Africa

● 1904 - Three hundred Russians were killed as the Japanese shelled Port Arthur in Korea.

● 1906 - Rolls-Royce Ltd. is registered.

● 1907 - Finland is 1st European country to give women the right to vote

● 1907 - In Finland, woman won their first seats in the Finnish Parliament. They took their seats on May 23.

● 1909 - Selfridges department store opens in London.

● 1909 - Italy proposed a European conference on the Balkans.

● 1913 - 1st Presidential press conference (Woodrow Wilson)

● 1913 - Cleveland establishes 1st small claims court

● 1915 - Netherlands merchant ship Tubantia torpedoed & sinks in North Sea

● 1916 - University of Gent goes under Dutch control

● 1916 - President Woodrow Wilson sends 12,000 United States troops over the U.S.-Mexico border to pursue Pancho Villa. General Pershing leads them and stays 10-months. The mission failed.

● 1917 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia abdicates himself and his son from the Russian throne and his brother the Grand Duke becomes Tsar.

● 1917 - U.S. Supreme Court approves Eight-Hour Act under threat of railway strike.

● 1919 - The American Legion forms in Paris.

● 1922 - After Egypt gains nominal independence from the United Kingdom, Fuad I becomes King of Egypt.

● 1923 - Lenin is hit with his 3rd stroke

● 1926 - Belgium's "black Monday", franc falls

● 1928 - Mussolini modifies Italy electoral system (abolishes right to choose)

● 1930 - 1st seaplane glider flown, Port Washington NY

● 1930 - 1st streamlined submarine of US navy, USS Nautilus, launched

● 1933 - NAACP begins coordinated attack on segregation & discrimination

● 1934 - US Information Service opens

● 1934 - Henry Ford restored the $5 a day wage.

● 1935 - Joseph Goebbels, German Minister of Propaganda banned four Berlin newspapers.

● 1937 - In Chicago, IL, the first blood bank to preserve blood for transfusion by refrigeration was established at the Cook County Hospital.

● 1937 - 1st state contraceptive clinic opens (Raleigh NC)

● 1938 - Oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia.

● 1939 - World War II: Nazi troops occupy the remaining part of Bohemia and Moravia; Czechoslovakia ceases to exist.

● 1940 - Göring says 100-200 church bells enough for Germany, smelt the rest

● 1941 - Blizzard in North Dakota kills 151

● 1943 - Allied reconnaissance flight over Java

● 1943 - World War II: Third Battle of Kharkov - the Germans retook the city of Kharkov from the Soviet armies in bitter street fighting.

● 1944 - World War II: Battle of Monte Cassino - Allied aircraft bomb the Nazi-held monastery and stage an assault. {A Proud Liberal worked for the last German soldier who left the monastery. His first experience in the US was as a POW in southern Arizona. He would return to Germany to find his entire family killed by the Soviets, he emigrated to the US in the late 1950's living here until his death in the early 1990's.}

● 1945 - Catholic University of Nijmegen reopens

● 1946 - British premier Attlee agrees with India's right to independence

● 1947 - John Lee appointed 1st black commissioned officer in US Navy

● 1949 - Clothes rationing in Great Britain ended nearly four years after the end of World War II.

● 1950 - American missionary and martyr Jim Elliot wrote in his journal: 'The believer is a displaced person. He loses the controlling features of both environment and heredity.'

● 1950 - NYC hires Dr Wallace E Howell as its official "rainmaker"

● 1951 - Persia nationalizes Anglo-Iranian Oil Company

● 1951 - General de Lattre demanded that Paris send him more troops for the fight in Vietnam.

● 1952 - In Cilaos, Réunion, 73 inches (1,870mm) of rain falls in one day, setting a new world record.

● 1953 - The first Southern Baptist church in North Dakota was formed in Williston, with 12 charter members. (The North Dakota Southern Baptist Association was formed the following year with five member churches.)

● 1955 - Dutch 2nd Chamber requires TV licenses

● 1955 - US Air Force unveils self-guided missile

● 1957 - 3rd nation to explode a nuclear bomb (Britain)

● 1958 - USSR performs atmospheric nuclear test

● 1960 - Ten nations met in Geneva to discuss disarmament.

● 1960 - Key Largo Coral Reef Preserve established (1st underwater park)

● 1960 - National Observatory at Kitt Peak, Arizona dedicated

● 1961 - South Africa withdraws from the Commonwealth of Nations.

● 1962 - Liberals seize Orpington; The Liberals get their first by-election victory for four years, seizing Orpington from the government.

● 1962 - 5 research groups announce simultaneously discovery of anti-matter

● 1963 - Victor Feguer, a Federal prisoner, is put to death at the Fort Madison, Iowa prison. This would be the last execution of a Federal prisoner until the execution of Timothy McVeigh in 2001.

● 1964 - Atomic Energy Commission admits that an unplanned release of radiation from an underground nuclear test spewed fallout over Las Vegas. During the 1950s and 1960s, more than 200 U.S. nuclear explosions have sent huge radioactive clouds into the atmosphere. Since 1962, the atmospheric tests have been replaced by underground tests like the one near Las Vegas. The National Association of Radiation Survivors estimates that victims number 886,000. A 1980 report by a U.S. House of Representatives committee finds - "The Government's programs for monitoring the health effects of the tests was inadequate and, more disturbingly, all evidence suggesting that radiation was having harmful effects, be it on sheep or people, was not only disregarded but actually suppressed."

● 1964 - LBJ asks for a War on Poverty

● 1964 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR

● 1965 - President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to Selma crisis, tells U.S. Congress "We shall overcome" while advocating the Voting Rights Act, new legislation to guarantee every American's right to vote.

● 1966 - Arrest of a black high school student for throwing bricks and stones at passing cars touches off a wave of looting and burning in Watts, California. Two killed and 25 injured in the riot, the second major disturbance to break out in the Los Angeles ghetto in less than a year.

● 1966 - Jean Biso (1881-1966) dies. Anarcho-syndicalist, Secretary of the Syndicat des Correcteurs in Paris, participant in support groups for Sacco and Vanzetti, Spanish Revolution of 1936.

● 1967 - Marshal Arturo da Costa e Silva sworn in as President of Brazil

● 1968 - Six protesters ejected from shipyard at launch of Britain's 4th Polaris nuclear submarine. Birkenhead, Britain.

● 1968 - British minister of Foreign affairs George Brown resigns

● 1968 - Diocese of Rome announces that it "deplored the concept", but wouldn't prohibit rock & roll masses at Church of San Lessio Falconieri

● 1968 - Uprising in South Yemen

● 1968 - US Mint stops buying & selling gold

● 1969 - US Supreme Court Justice Abe Fortas resigns

● 1969 - Violent Chinese-Russian border dispute (100s dead)

● 1970 - Seventy-eight protesters are arrested during a second attempt by Native American activists to occupy Fort Lawton, demanding that Seattle give the unused facility back to Native Americans.

● 1971 - Chatrooms make their debut on the Internet

● 1971 - Louis Louvet (1899-1971) dies. Anarchist, anarcho-trade unionist, in the Syndicat des Correcteurs d'imprimerie since 1937.

● 1972 - Top-rated Top 40 Los Angeles Radio station KHJ raided by police after calls from listeners who feared there'd been a revolution at the station from 6:00 to 7:30 in the morning. DJ Robert W. Morgan had played Donny Osmond's "Puppy Love" over and over. The police left without making any arrests.

● 1972 - Assassination attempt on Governor George Wallace of Alabama

● 1972 - Danish airliner hit mountain in Sheikdom of Oman killing 112

● 1972 - NASA selects 3 part configuration for Space Shuttle

● 1974 - Architect jailed over corruption; Architect John Poulson has been jailed for five years for bribing public figures to win contracts.

● 1974 - Brazilian President Garastazu Médici resigns

● 1975 - Bundy victim Julie Cunningham disappears from Vail CO

● 1975 - Greek shipping magnate Aristotle Onassis, the husband of former first lady Jacqueline Kennedy, died at age 69.

● 1976 - Tube driver shot dead; The driver of a London Underground train is shot dead as he chases a gunman after a bomb exploded on his train.

● 1976 - Failed coup in Nigeria

● 1977 - US House of Representatives begin 90 day test of televising its sessions

● 1978 - People's Republic of China performs nuclear test at Lop Nor People's Republic of China

● 1979 - Pope John Paul II published his first encyclical "Redemptor Hominis." In the work he warned of the growing gap between the rich and poor.

● 1980 - Penobscot Indians in Maine win major land claim in Maine.

● 1981 - Pakistani jet hostages released; The passengers and crew of a Pakistan Airways plane held hostage for nearly two weeks have been released in Syria.

● 1981 - Suriname failed coup under Sergeant-Major Wilfred Hawker

● 1982 - CIA-trained and equipped forces dynamite bridges in Nicaragua.

● 1982 - Councy Council stops building war headquarters, Bridgend, Mid- Glamorgan, Wales.

● 1982 - Actress Theresa Saladana, stabbed repeatedly by obsessed fan

● 1982 - Nicaragua suspends their citizens rights for 30 days

● 1984 - Tanzania adopts constitution

● 1985 - Two-to-one vote against construction of new nuclear power plant, Bakersfield, California.

● 1985 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

● 1986 - Funeral services held for Swedish Prime Minister Olaf Palme

● 1988 - Eugene Marino of Atlanta, appointed 1st African American archbishop

● 1988 - NASA reports accelerated breakdown of ozone layer by CFK

● 1988 - Publication of Marvin Minsky's Society of Mind theory.

● 1988 - The Halabja poison gas attack of the Iran-Iraq War begins.

● 1989 - The U.S. Food and Drug administration decided to impound all fruit imported from Chili after two cyanide-tainted grapes were found in Philadelphia, PA.

● 1989 - The U.S. Department of Veteran's Affairs became the 14th Department in the President's Cabinet.

● 1990 - Gulf War: Observer journalist executed in Iraq; Iraqi authorities execute The Observer journalist Farzad Bazoft in Baghdad bringing strong condemnation from Britain.

● 1990 - Mikhail Gorbachev is elected as the first executive president of the Soviet Union.

● 1990 - The Soviet Union announces that Lithuania's declaration of independence is invalid.

● 1990 - The ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureş begin on the anniversary of the Revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas.

● 1990 - Fernando Collor de Mello sworn in as President of Brazil

● 1991 - 4 Los Angeles police are charged with beating Rodney King

● 1991 - Yugoslav President Borisav Jovic resigned after about a week of anit-communist protests.

● 1991 - Territories of Amapa & Roraima become states in Brazil

● 1991 - Germany formally regains complete independence after the four post-World War II occupying powers (France, the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union) relinquish all remaining rights.

● 1992 - UN officially embarks on its largest peacekeeping operation

● 1993 - United Nations "Truth Commission" concludes that most of the human rights abuses in El Salvador during its civil war had been committed by the U.S.-backed Salvadoran government.

● 1994 - U.S. President Clinton extended the moratorium on nuclear testing until September of 1995.

● 1995 - Jean Meckert, aka Jean or John Amila, (1910-1995) dies. Libertarian novelist and antimilitarist.

● 1996 - The aviation firm Fokker NV collapsed.

● 1997 - Activists across Britain stage supermarket protests against genetically engineered foods.

● 1998 - More than 15,000 ethnic Albanians marched in Yugoslavia to demand independence for Kosovo.

● 1999 - Pluto again becomes outermost planet {only until Pluto is downgraded to the status of large asteroid and not considered a planet}

● 2002 - Libyan Abdel Baset Ali Mohmed Al-Megrahi began his life sentence in a Scottish jail for his role in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 on December 21, 1988.

life sentence for drowning her five children on June 20, 2001.

● 2002 - U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell told the Associated Press that the U.S. would stand by a 24-year pledge not to use nuclear arms against states that don't have them.

● 2003 - Hu Jintao takes over presidency for the People's Republic of China.

● 2004 - Announcement of the discovery of 90377 Sedna, the farthest natural object in the Solar system so far observed.

● 2005 - Former WorldCom chief Bernard Ebbers was convicted in New York of engineering the largest corporate fraud in U.S. history. (He was later sentenced to 25 years in prison.)

BIRTHS

● 1455 - Pietro Accolti, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1532)

● 1591 - Alexandre de Rhodes, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1660)

● 1614 - Franciscus Sylvius, German physician, physiologist and chemist (d. 1672)

● 1638 - Shunzhi Emperor of China

● 1666 - George Bähr, German architect (d. 1738)

● 1684 - Francesco Durante, Italian composer (d. 1755)

● 1713 - Nicolas Louis de Lacaille, French astronomer (d. 1762)

● 1767 - Andrew Jackson, 7th President of the United States (1829-37) (d. 1845)

● 1779 - Lord Melbourne, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, (d. 1848)

● 1813 - John Snow, English physician (d. 1858)

● 1821 - William Milligan, Scottish theologian (d. 1892)

● 1824 - Jules Chevalier, French priest, author and founder of the Sacred Heart Missionaries (d. 1907)

● 1830 - Paul Heyse, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1914)

● 1830 - Élisée Reclus, French geographer (d. 1905)

● 1835 - Eduard Strauss, Austrian composer (d. 1916)

● 1845 - Thomas Custer, Brother of George Armstrong Custer & 2-time Medal of Honor Winner (d. 1876)

● 1854 - Emil Adolf von Behring, German physician; Nobel laureate (d. 1917)

● 1857 - Christian Michelsen, Norwegian prime minister; separated Norway from Sweden in 1905 (d. 1925)

● 1858 - Liberty Hyde Bailey, American botanist and writer (d. 1954)

● 1865 - Johan Halvorsen, Norwegian composer (d. 1935)

● 1874 - Harold Ickes, American statesman (d. 1952)

● 1882 - Jim Lightbody, American runner (d. 1953)

● 1890 - Boris Nikolaevich Delaunay, Russian mathematician (d. 1980)

● 1897 - Jackson Scholz, American runner (d. 1986)

● 1902 - Henri Saint Cyr, Swedish equestrian; winner of two Olympic gold medals (d. 1979)

● 1905 - Berthold von Stauffenberg, German lawyer and Nazi opponent (d. 1944)

● 1907 - Zarah Leander, Swedish actress and singer (d. 1981)

● 1912 - Lightnin' Hopkins, American musician (d. 1982)

● 1913 - MacDonald Carey, American actor (d. 1994)

● 1914 - Aniello Dellacroce, American gangster (d. 1985)

● 1915 - Joe E. Ross, American actor and comedian (d. 1982)

● 1916 - Harry James, American musician and band leader (d. 1983)

● 1918 - Richard Ellmann, American biographer (d. 1987)

● 1919 - Lawrence Tierney, American actor (d. 2002)

● 1920 - Lawrence Sanders, American novelist (d. 1998)

● 1920 - E. Donnall Thomas, American physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

● 1924 - Walter Gotell, German actor (d. 1997)

● 1926 - Norm Van Brocklin, American football player (d. 1983)

● 1927 - Stanisław Kania, Polish politician

● 1927 - Carl Smith, American singer

● 1930 - Zhores Ivanovich Alferov, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

● 1931 - DJ Fontana, Rock musician

● 1932 - Alan Bean, American astronaut

● 1933 - Cecil Taylor, Jazz musician

● 1933 - Ruth Bader Ginsburg, U.S. Supreme Court Justice

● 1934 - Aldo Giorgini, Italian artist

● 1935 - Judd Hirsch, American actor (''Taxi'' and "Numb3rs")

● 1935 - Jimmy Swaggart, American televangelist

● 1936 - Howard Greenfield, American songwriter (d. 1986)

● 1940 - Phil Lesh, American musician (Grateful Dead)

● 1941 - Mike Love, American musician (The Beach Boys)

● 1943 - David Cronenberg, Canadian film director

● 1944(43? NYT) - Sly Stone, American musician

● 1945 - Mark J. Green, American public official

● 1946 - Bobby Bonds, American baseball player (d. 2003)

● 1946 - Howard Scott, Rock musician (War)

● 1947 - Ry Cooder, American guitarist

● 1948 - Sérgio Vieira de Mello, Brazilian diplomat (d. 2003)

● 1948 - Kate Bornstein, American transgender author

● 1950 - Jørgen Olsen, Danish singer and Eurovision Song Contest winner

● 1954 - Craig Wasson, American actor

● 1955 - Dee Snider, American singer (Twisted Sister)

● 1956 - Clay Matthews, American football player

● 1957 - Park Overall, American actress (''Empty Nest'')

● 1957 - David Silverman, American animator (The Simpsons)

● 1959 - Renny Harlin, Director

● 1959 - Harold Baines, American baseball player

● 1959 - Fabio Lanzoni, Italian model

● 1959 - Lisa Holton, American writer

● 1960 - Chris Sanders, American animator and director

● 1961 – Fabio, Model

● 1962 - Sananda Maitreya (aka Terence Trent D'Arby), American-born singer

● 1963 - Bret Michaels, American musician (Poison)

● 1964 – Rockwell, R&B singer

● 1967 - Naoko Takeuchi, Japanese artist

● 1968 - Kahimi Karie, Japanese singer

● 1968 - Mark McGrath, American musician (Sugar Ray)

● 1968 - Sabrina Salerno, Italian singer

● 1969 - Rona Ambrose, Canadian politician

● 1969 - Timo Kotipelto, Finnish musician

● 1969 - Kim Raver, American actress ("24")

● 1970 - Derek Parra, American speed skater

● 1971 - Penny Lancaster, English model

● 1972 - Mark Hoppus, American musician (+44, blink-182)

● 1974 - Robert Fick, American baseball player

● 1975 - Eva Longoria, American actress ("Desperate Housewives")

● 1975 - Will.i.am, American hip-hop musician

● 1975 - Veselin Topalov, Bulgarian chess player

● 1975 - Darcy Tucker, Canadian hockey player

● 1976 - Jennifer 8. Lee, American journalist

● 1976 - Jose Sanchez Zolliker, Mexican writer

● 1977 - Joe Hahn, American musician (Linkin Park)

● 1978 - Takeru Kobayashi, Japanese competitive eater

● 1978 - Sid Wilson, American musician (Slipknot)

● 1979 - Kevin Youkilis, Major League Baseball player

● 1981 - Mikael Forssell, Finnish footballer

● 1981 - Young Buck, American rapper

● 1982 - Emily Kennard, American actress

● 1983 - Sean Biggerstaff, Scottish actor (''Harry Potter'' movies)

● 1983 - Ethan Mentzer, Rock musician (The Click Five)

● 1984 - Kostas Vassiliadis, Greek basketball player

● 1985 - Antti Autti, Finnish snowboarder

● 1989 - Caitlin Wachs, American actress (''Inspector Gadget 2'')

● 1992 - Sosie Bacon, American actress

● 1992 - Mary Lou, American actress

DEATHS

● 44 BC - Julius Caesar (b. 100 BC)

● 220 - Cao Cao, King of Wei (b. 155)

● 493 - Odoacer, King of Italy (murdered) (b. 435)

● 1145 - Pope Lucius II (year of birth unknown)

● 1311 - Walter V of Brienne, Duke of Athens

● 1416 - John, Duke of Berry, son of John II of France (b. 1340)

● 1575 - Annibale Padovano, Italian composer (b. 1527)

● 1670 - John Davenport, Connecticut pioneer (b. 1597)

● 1673 - Salvator Rosa, Italian painter and poet (b. 1615)

● 1701 - Jean Renaud de Segrais, French writer (b. 1624)

● 1711 - Eusebio Kino, Italian Catholic missionary (b. 1645)

● 1820 - St Clemens Maria Hofbauer, patron saint of Vienna (b. 1751

● 1842 - Luigi Cherubini, Italian composer (b. 1760)

● 1849 - Giuseppe Caspar Mezzofanti, Italian cardinal and linguist (b. 1774)

● 1891 - Théodore de Banville, French writer (b. 1823)

● 1891 - Sir Joseph Bazalgette, English civil engineer (b. 1819)

● 1898 - Henry Bessemer, English metallurgist (b. 1813)

● 1914 - Jalaleddin Ali Mir Abolfazl Angha, 39th master of Oveyssi Sufi order (b. 1849)

● 1937 - H. P. Lovecraft, American writer (b. 1890)

● 1941 - Alexej von Jawlensky, Russian painter (b. 1864)

● 1951 - John S. Paraskevopoulos, Greek-South African astronomer (b. 1889)

● 1957 - Ernst Nobs, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1886)

● 1959 - Lester Young, American musician (b. 1909)

● 1962 - Arthur Compton, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)

● 1966 - Abe Saperstein, American basketball executive (b. 1902)

● 1970 - Tarjei Vesaas, Norwegian writer (b. 1897)

● 1972 - Aleksandr Ivanovich Laktionov, Russian painter (b. 1910)

● 1975 - Aristotle Onassis, Greek shipping magnate (b. 1900)

● 1977 - Antonino Rocca, professional wrestler

● 1983 - Rebecca West, English writer (b. 1892)

● 1989 - Mother of A Proud Liberal, dying on the Ides of March like all great Italians (b. 1932)

● 1990 - Farzad Bazoft, Iranian-born journalist (hanged) (b. 1958)

● 1990 - Tom Harmon, American football player and broadcaster (b. 1919)

● 1994 - Mai Zetterling, Swedish actress and director (b. 1925)

● 1997 - Gail Davis, American actress (b. 1925)

● 1997 - Victor Vasarely, Hungarian painter (b. 1906)

● 1998 - Benjamin Spock, American pediatrician and writer (b. 1903)

● 2001 - Ann Sothern, American actress (b. 1909)

● 2003 - Dame Thora Hird, British actress (b. 1911)

● 2004 - Sir William Pickering, New Zealand-born space scientist (b. 1910)

● 2004 - John Pople, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)

● 2005 - Bob Bellear, the first Indigenous Australian judge (b. 1944)

● 2006 - George Rallis, former Greek Prime Minister (b. 1918)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic:
● St. Aristobulus
● St. Clement Hofbauer, priest/missionary (died 1820)
● St. Leocrita
● St. Longinus
● St. Louise de Marillac, widow
● St. Mancius
● St. Menignus
● St. Monaldus of Ancona
● St. Matrona
● St. Nicander
● St. Raymond of Fitero
● Bl. Arnicus of Averbode
● Bl. William Hart

● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for March 2 (Civil Date: March 15)
● Hieromartyr Theodotus, Bishop of Cyrenia.
● St. Arsenius, Bishop of Tver.
● St. Agatho of Egypt, monk.
● Martyr Troadius of Neo-Caesarea.
● Virgin Martyr Euthalia of Sicily.
● 440 Martyrs slain by the Lombards.
● Saints Sabbas and Barsanuphius, abbots of Tver.
● St. Sabbatius, monk of Tver, and his disciple St. Euphrosynus.
● St. Chad, Bishop of Lichfield

● Greek Calendar:
● Martyr Hesychius the Senator.
● St. Cointus of Phrygia, confessor and wonderworker.
● Martyrs Andronicus and the virgin Athanasia.
● Appearance of the Kolomna icon of the "Reigning" Mother of God (1917).
● Repose of Abbess Philareta of Ufa (1890).

● Christian:
● St. Longinus, soldier with spear

● In the Roman calendar, the Ides of March.

● International Day Against Police Brutality

● For corporations in the United States that use the calendar year as their fiscal year, the date on which the corporation must file its corporate income tax return

● Constitution Day in Belarus

● National holiday in Hungary celebrating the 1848 Revolution.

● World Consumer Rights Day

● Honduras : Thanksgiving Day

● India, Mauritius, Nepál : Holi

● Iran : Armed Forces Day/Labor Day

● Liberia : JJ Robert's Birthday (1809)

● Admission to the United States:
● Maine: 23rd state (1820)

● Tennessee : Andrew Jackson's Birthday (1767)

● In Japan, Hounen Matsuri

IN FICTION

● 44 BC - Deaths of Xena and Gabrielle by Crucifixion

● 1972 - Worst day ever in The Fairly Oddparents

● 1973 - In an alternate timeline in Back to the Future Part II, George McFly murdered by Biff Tannen.

● 1986 - Beginning of The Pushcart War

● 2337 - Discovery of Yuggoth

● 3019 T.A. - Battle of the Pelennor Fields (The Lord of the Rings)

● C.E. 56 - Birth of Fllay Allster, daughter of Earth Alliance Vice-Minister George Allster, from Mobile Suit Gundam SEED.


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

On This Day Website

Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.

Scope Systems Any Day Website

Roman Catholic Saint of the Day

Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar

Permanent Backlink to Post