January 27......

January 27 is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 338 (339 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.

{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}

EVENTS

● 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva.

● 672 - St. Vitalian ends his reign as Catholic Pope.

● 847 - Sergius II ends his reign as Catholic Pope.

● 1142 - Wrongful execution of noted Song Dynasty General Yue Fei.

● 1186 - Henry VI, the son and heir of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, weds Constance of Sicily.

● 1302 - Dante becomes a Florentine political exile

● 1343 - Clement VI's bull "Unigenitus" officially ratified the belief that Indulgences owed their potency to the Pope's dispensation of the accumulated merit of the Church. (In 1518 Cardinal Thomas Cajetan accused German reformer Martin Luther, 32, of challenging the validity of this Catholic doctrine.)

● 1538 - States of Gelderland accepts Willem van Kleef as viceroy

● 1556 - Willem of Orange becomes knight of Guilder Flies

● 1593 - Vatican opens 7 year trial against scholar Giordano Bruno.

● 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators begins, and ending in their execution on January 31.

● 1662 - 1st American lime kiln begins operation (Providence RI)

● 1671 - Pirate Henry Morgen lands at Panama City

● 1695 - Mustafa II becomes the Ottoman sultan in Istanbul on the death of Ahmed II. Mustafa rules until his death in 1703.

● 1710 - Czar Peter the Great sets 1st Russian state budget

● 1734 - New York City maids organize to improve working conditions.

● 1736 - Abdication of Stanislas, last king of Poland

● 1756 - Mozart born, patron saint of talented alcoholic brats.

● 1774 - Pioneer American Methodist bishop Francis Asbury wrote in his journal: 'If my labours should be in vain for the people, the Lord gives me a gracious reward in my own soul.'

● 1785 - The University of Georgia is founded.

● 1823 - President Monroe appoints 1st US ambassadors to South America

● 1825 - U.S. Congress approves Indian Territory (in what is present-day Oklahoma), clearing the way for forced relocation of the Eastern Indians on the "Trail of Tears."

● 1832 - Mathematician and pedophile Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) born, England.

● 1839 - Birth of John Julian, famed English authority on sacred music. His undoubted masterwork is the monumental "Dictionary of Hymnology" which he published in 1892 (later revised, updated and reissued in 1957).

● 1842 - Scottish clergyman Robert Murray McCheyne wrote in a letter: 'Call upon the name of the Lord. Your time may be short... The longest lifetime is short enough. It is all that is given you to be converted in. They are the happiest who are brought soonest to the bosom of Jesus."

● 1842 - Birth of François Dumartheray, Collonges, the High Saone, France. Member 1850 - Samuel Gompers, first president of AFL, born.

● 1863 - Bear Hunter, leader of a Shoshone band, and 224 others massacred in village on Bear River near Great Salt Lake.

● 1864 - Civil War skirmish at Kelly's Ford VA

● 1864 - Battle of Fair Gardens, Tennessee

● 1870 - Manitoba & Northwest Territories incorporated

● 1870 - After accepting 15th amendment, Virginia is readmitted to Union

● 1870 - While searching for Cochise, Colonel Bernard's troops kill 13 Chiricahua Apache, Arizona Territory.

● 1870 - The first college sorority, Kappa Alpha Theta, is formed at DePauw University.

● 1880 - Thomas Edison files a patent for his electric incandescent lamp.

● 1885 - Jerome (David) Kern , one of America's foremost composers of music for the theatre and screen , was born.

● 1886 - 1st British government of Salisbury resigns

● 1888 - In Washington, D.C., the National Geographic Society is founded.

● 1891 - Mine explosion kills 109 at Mount Pleasant PA

● 1897 - British troops occupy Bida Gold Coast (Ghana)

● 1900 - Social Democrat Party of America (Debs' party) holds 1st convention

● 1900 - Boxer Rebellion: Foreign diplomats in Peking, China demand that the Boxer rebels be disciplined.

● 1901 - Opera composer Giuseppe Verdi died in Milan, Italy, at age 87.

● 1902 - 5 workers killed on explosion during IRT subway construction (New York City NY)

● 1905 - Maurice Rouvier forms government in France

● 1908 - Pasiphaë, a satellite of Jupiter, discovered by Melotte

● 1908 - U.S. Supreme Court upholds railroad official who fired a worker for belonging to a union.

● 1909 - The Young Left is founded in Norway.

● 1913 - Paterson (New Jersey) silk workers' strike. 800 employees of Doherty Silk Mill quit work in protest of firing a workers' committee trying to talk to management about eliminating the four-loom system, returning to two-looms per worker. The new system meant faster, harder work for less pay. The strike became industry-wide within a month. The IWW was called in to help and 25,000 -- virtually all the silk workers in the city -- went on strike. Lasts six months, ending when ribbon workers negotiate separately. Negotiations broke down, shop by shop. The workers had become impoverished and weakened during the long strike.

● 1915 - United States Marines occupy Haiti.

● 1918 - The first hostilities occurred in the Finnish Civil War, beginning the war.

● 1920 - First meeting of the International Labor Organization (ILO).

● 1920 - Kansas mine workers strike against compulsory arbitration.

● 1923 - Kurt Wilkens (Gustav Wilckens) assassinates the "Killer of Patagonia" in Buenos Aires. An anarchist pacifist (?) emigrant in Argentina, he killed Colonel Varela, who was responsible for the massacre and torture of more than 1500 workers in Patagonia a year earlier. When arrested he declared - "He will not kill anyone again. I have avenged my brothers." Condemned to life in prison, he was killed while sleeping in his cell, June 15, 1923, by the right wing nationalist, Perez Millan. Millan was in turn killed on November 9, 1925, by the Russian anarchist German Boris Vladimirovitch.

● 1924 - Egyptian king Foead nominates Saad Zaghloel Pasja premier

● 1924 - Lenin placed in Mausoleum in Red Square

● 1926 - US Senate agrees to join World Court

● 1926 - John Logie Baird demonstrates the first television broadcast.

● 1934 - French government of Chautemps falls (Stavisky Affair)

● 1934 - Russian dictator Joseph Stalin announces his fear that the Great Depression will lead capitalists to war.

● 1939 - United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt approves the sale of U.S. war planes to France.

● 1939 - First flight of the Lockheed P-38 Lightning.

● 1940 - -17ºF (-27ºC), CCC Camp F-16, Georgia (state record)

● 1941 - Peruvian agent Rivera-Schreibér warns of Japanese assault on Pearl Harbor

● 1941 - World War II: Fighting at Derna, Libya, begins. Following the capture of Tobruk, two brigades of the 6th Australian Division under Major General Iven Mackay pursue the Italians westwards and encounters an Italian rear guard at Derna.

● 1942 - -19ºF (-27.4ºC), Netherlands' coldest day since 1850

● 1943 - World War II: Fifty bombers mount the first entirely American air raid against Germany, targeting Wilhelmshaven.

● 1944 - U.S.S.R. - Leningrad liberated from Germany in 880 days with 600,000 killed.

● 1945 - Holocaust: Near the provincial Polish town of Oshwiecim, a Ukranian division of the Soviet Red Army liberates Auschwitz, a Nazi concentration camp where between two and three million people perished during World War II. As the Ukranians explore the three main camps comprising Auschwitz, they find approximately 8,000 survivors -- individuals too sick and hungry to participate in the death marches forced on the other surviving prisoners by the Nazis days before the camp's liberation. Although the Nazis had made efforts to destroy the evidence of their atrocities before their departure, the massive scale of the genocide committed at Auschwitz is too great to hide.

● 1945 - Nazi occupiers forbid food transport to West (The Netherlands)

● 1945 - S Romberg, H&D Fields' musical premieres in New York City NY

● 1945 - Wally van Hall, "banker in defiance", arrested

● 1948 - 1st locomotive to carry 1,000,000 pounds (450,000 kg) operates

● 1948 - Wire Recording Corporation of America announced the first magnetic tape recorder. The ‘Wireway’ machine with a built-in oscillator sold for $149.50.

● 1949 - Chinese liner "Taiping" collides with a collier off south China

● 1951 - Nuclear testing at what would become the Nevada Test Site begins with a one-kiloton bomb dropped on Frenchman Flats.

● 1953 - Netherlands end Marshall aid

● 1957 - For the second time in a year, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s home is bombed.

● 1964 - Margaret Chase Smith (Senator-R-ME) tries for Republican Presidential bid

● 1965 - 1st ground station-to-aircraft radio communication via satellite

● 1967 - Astronauts Gus Grissom, Edward White and Roger Chaffee are killed in a launch-pad fire at Cape Kennedy, Florida. Flash fire engulfs their Apollo I space capsule during a simulated launch. An investigatory panel found that "many deficiencies in design and engineering" plagued the $21 billion Apollo program {Chief among them was the use of pure oxygen.}.

● 1967 - More than sixty nations sign the Outer Space Treaty banning nuclear weapons in space. Yes, Dubya's Star Wars plans violate it.

● 1969 - Rebel students take over LSE; Students protesting against the closure of the London School of Economics seize control of another university building.

● 1969 - A group of Detroit African-American auto workers known as the Eldon Avenue Axle Plant Revolutionary Union Movement leads a wildcat strike against racism and bad working conditions. Since the 1967 Detroit rebellion, African American workers have organized militant groups in several Detroit auto plants. The most famous of these was the Dodge Revolutionary Union movement, or DRUM. Combining Black-Power nationalism and workplace militancy, these young militants compare factories to plantations and white supervisors to brutal overseers. Shutting down inner-city plants in more than a dozen wildcat strikes, they criticize both the seniority system and grievance procedures as racist. United Auto Workers (UAW) union leaders quickly denounce the protests, calling the dissidents (quote) "black fascists." The revolutionary groups will leave a permanent imprint on the Detroit labor movement. Most inner-city UAW locals will soon be headed by African Americans, some of them veterans of the insurgency.

● 1969 - The present-day Hetch Hetchy Moccasin Powerhouse, rated at 100,000KVA was completed and placed in operation.

● 1969 - Actress Thelma Ritter suffers a heart attack (she dies Feb 4th)

● 1969 - 14 spies hung in Baghdad

● 1969 - 9 Jews publicly executed in Damascus Syria

● 1969 - Noordiers vicar Ian Paisley sentenced to 3 years

● 1971 - Montgomery St Station, last link in BART, `holed thru'

● 1972 - In Columbia, the white and black United Methodist conferences of South Carolina -- separated since the Civil War -- voted in their respective meetings to adopt a plan of union.

● 1972 - J. Gordon Liddy's first plan for disrupting the 1972 Democratic Convention, calling for "mugging squads, kidnapping teams, prostitutes to compromise the opposition, and electronic surveillance" is presented to Attorney General John Mitchell, the highest law enforcement official in the American government.

● 1972 - One killed, nine injured when a bomb detonates at the offices of an agent booking Soviet artists. A caller claiming to represent Soviet Jews claims responsibility.

● 1973 - Vietnam Peace Treaty signed in Paris, supposedly ending Vietnam War. All American troops are to leave Vietnam within 90 days. It was the same agreement as was drafted the previous October, just before Pres. Nixon's re- election. The treaty guaranteed U.S. reparations to rebuild devastated country. Never happened but Colonel William Nolde falls, becoming the conflict's last recorded American combat casualty.

● 1976 - Morocco-Algeria battles in Westerly Sahara

● 1977 - The Vatican reaffirmed the Roman Catholic Church's ban on female priests.

● 1977 - In one of his first acts as President, Jimmy Carter pardons some 10,000 Vietnam draft resisters.

● 1977 - Record company EMI sacks the controversial United Kingdom punk rock group the Sex Pistols.

● 1980 - Exiled Mugabe returns to Rhodesia; Rhodesia opposition leader Robert Mugabe makes a triumphant return to his home country after five years in exile.

● 1981 - U.S. President Reagan greeted the 52 former American hostages released by Iran at the White House.

● 1982 - Mauno Koivisto installed as President of Finland

● 1982 - Roberto S Cordova installed as President of Honduras

● 1983 - Nationwide strike by some 10,000 conscientious objectors, West Germany.

● 1983 - World's longest sub-aqueous (underwater) tunnel (53.90 km) opens in Japan connecting the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido.

● 1984 - Carl Lewis beats his own indoor world jumping record by 9¼ inches (23.5 centimeters) with a 28-foot, 10¼-inch (8.795-meter) jump.

● 1984 - Michael Jackson burned in Pepsi ad; Michael Jackson has been rushed to hospital with burn injuries to his head after a stunt for a Pepsi commercial went wrong.

● 1985 - The Coca-Cola Company, of Atlanta, GA, announced a plan to sell its soft drinks in the Soviet Union.

● 1985 - 15th Space Shuttle (51-C) Mission-Discovery 3 returns to Earth

● 1986 - Hormel workers locked out for honoring Ottumwa, Iowa picket line.

● 1987 - Soviet General Secretary Mikahil Gorbachev signals new era of "Glasnost" (openness), proposing economic and social reforms.

● 1988 - Center for Constitutional Rights reveals the FBI had under surveillance a number of organizations critical of Reagan administration policies in Central America. Although the principal target was the Committee in Solidarity with the People of El Salvador (CISPES), more than 100 other groups were investigated, including the Roman Catholic Maryknoll Sisters, the United Auto Workers, the United Steel Workers, and the National Education Association. FBI director William Sessions said the investigations were an outgrowth of the belief that CISPES was aiding a "terrorist organization."

● 1988 - Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously approves nomination of Judge Anthony M Kennedy to US Supreme Court

● 1989 - German war criminals Fischer & Austrian der Fünten freed

● 1990 - Dissolution of Polish communist party

● 1991 - Dutch PSP, Pacifist Socialistic Party, disbands

● 1991 - Nadine Strossen is 1st female president of the ACLU

● 1991 - Gulf Peace Team evicted from peace camp by U.S. troops, Judayyidat Ar'ar, Iraq.

● 1992 - Mike Tyson goes on trial for rape (he is found guilty)

● 1992 - Jane Fonda undergoes arthroscopic surgery on her right knee

● 1992 - Presidential candidate Bill Clinton (D) & Genifer Flowers accuse each other of lying over her assertion they had a 12-year affair

● 1993 - DC-3 crashes in Kinshasa, killing 12

● 1994 - Carlos Reina succeeds President Callejas in Honduras

● 1994 - Romanian social-democrats form government with anti-Semites

● 1996 - 15 day old siamese twins separated-Sarah Morales survives, Sarahi dies

● 1996 - Catherine Roskam becomes the 1st New York female Episcopal bishop

● 1996 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island

● 1996 - Colonel Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara deposes the first democratically elected president of Niger, Mahamane Ousmane, in a military coup.

● 1996 - Germany observes its 1st Holocaust Remembrance Day.

● 1997 - It was revealed that French national museums were holding nearly 2,000 works of art stolen from Jews by the Nazis during World War II.

● 1998 - American First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton appears on The Today Show, calling the attacks against her husband part of a vast right-wing conspiracy.

● 1998 - Crane crashes into Roosevelt Is (New York City NY) Tram, injuring 10

● 1998 - Roland Clarkson discovers 2^3021377-1 (37th known Mersenne prime)

● 1999 - Pope John Paul II urges Catholics to oppose death penalty.

● 1999 - The U.S. Senate blocked dismissal of the impeachment case against President Clinton and voted for new testimony from Monica Lewinsky and two other witnesses.

● 2001 - Ten members of the Oklahoma State University men's basketball team and support staff die in a plane crash in Colorado.

● 2002 - A series of explosions occurred at a military dump in Lagos, Nigeria. More than 1,000 people were killed in the blast and in the attempt to escape.

● 2003 - Altria Group, Inc. became the name of the parent company of Kraft Foods, Philip Morris USA, Philip Morris International and Philip Morris Capital Corporation.

● 2006 - Western Union delivered its last telegram.

BIRTHS

● 1443 - Albert, Duke of Saxony (d. 1500)

● 1546 - Joachim Friedrich, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1608)

● 1585 - Hendrick Avercamp, Dutch painter (d. 1634)

● 1603 - Harbottle Grimston, English politician (d. 1685)

● 1621 - Thomas Willis, English physician (d. 1675)

● 1662 - Richard Bentley, English classical scholar (d. 1742)

● 1687 - Balthasar Neumann, German architect (d. 1753)

● 1701 - Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim, German historian (d. 1790)

● 1720 - Samuel Foote, English dramatist (d. 1777)

● 1741 - Hester Thrale, Welsh diarist (d. 1821)

● 1756 - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer (d. 1791)

● 1805 - Samuel Palmer, English artist (d. 1881)

● 1806 - Juan Crisóstomo Arriaga, Spanish composer (d. 1826)

● 1808 - David Friedrich Strauss, German-Protestant philosopher, theologian (d. 1874)

● 1814 - Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, French architect (d. 1879)

● 1823 - Edouard Lalo, French composer (d. 1892)

● 1824 - Jozef Israëls, Dutch painter and etcher (d. 1911)

● 1826 - Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Russian writer (d. 1889)

● 1826 - Richard Taylor, American Confederate general (d. 1879)

● 1832 - Lewis Carroll, English author (d. 1898)

● 1836 - Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian writer (d. 1895)

● 1841 - Arkhip Kuindzhi, Russian painter (d. 1910)

● 1848 - Togo Heihachiro, Japanese admiral (d. 1934)

● 1850 - Samuel Gompers, American labor leader (d. 1924)

● 1850 - Edward J. Smith, English captain of the Titanic (d. 1912)

● 1859 - Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany (d. 1941)

● 1872 - Learned Hand, American jurist (d. 1961)

● 1885 - Jerome Kern, American composer (d. 1945)

● 1885 - Eduard Künneke, German composer (d. 1953)

● 1885 - Harry Ruby, American musician (d. 1974)

● 1885 - Maeda Seison, Japanese painter (d. 1977)

● 1888 - Victor Moritz Goldschmidt, Swiss-born Norwegian mineralogist and petrologist (d. 1947)

● 1891 - Ilya Ehrenburg, Russian writer (d. 1967)

● 1892 - Ch'ing-ling Soong, Chinese political figure (d. 1981)

● 1893 - Soong Ching-ling, Chinese wife of Sun Yat-sen (d. 1981)

● 1900 - Hyman Rickover, American admiral (d. 1986)

● 1901 - Art Rooney, American football team owner (d. 1988)

● 1903 - John Carew Eccles, Australian neuropsychologist, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1997)

● 1905 - Howard McNear, American actor (d. 1969)

● 1908 - Oran "Hot Lips" Page, American musician (d. 1954)

● 1918 - Skitch Henderson, English bandleader (d. 2005)

● 1918 - Elmore James, American blues musician (d. 1963)

● 1918 - William Seawell, United States Army Brigadier General (d. 2005)

● 1919 - Ross Bagdasarian, American musician (d. 1972)

● 1920 - Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (d. 2002)

● 1920 - John Box, British film production designer and art director (d. 2005)

● 1921 - Donna Reed, American actress (d. 1986)

● 1924 - Sabu, Indian actor (d. 1963)

● 1924 - Rauf Denktaş, founder of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

● 1926 - Fritz Spiegl, Austrian journalist (d. 2003)

● 1929 - Gastón Suárez, Bolivian novelist (d. 1984)

● 1930 - Bobby Blue Bland, American singer

● 1931 - Mordecai Richler, Canadian author (d. 2001)

● 1932 - Boris Shakhlin, Soviet gymnast

● 1936 - Troy Donahue, American actor (d. 2001)

● 1936 - Samuel C. C. Ting, American physicist, Nobel Prize Laureate

● 1937 - John Ogdon, English pianist (d. 1989)

● 1940 - James Cromwell, American actor

● 1942 - John Witherspoon, Actor

● 1944 - Mairéad Corrigan, Irish activist, Nobel Prize Laureate

● 1944 - Nick Mason, English musician (Pink Floyd)

● 1945 - Nick Mason, Rock musician (Pink Floyd)

● 1945 - Harold Cardinal, Cree political leader (d. 2005)

● 1946 - Nedra Talley, American singer (Ronettes)

● 1948 - Mikhail Baryshnikov, Ballet dancer

● 1948 - Jean-Philippe Collard, French pianist

● 1949 - Ethan Mordden, American author

● 1950 - Amos Grunebaum, Israeli-born physician

● 1951 - Brian Downey, Irish musician (Thin Lizzy)

● 1954 - Peter Laird, American comic-book artist

● 1954 - Joko Ninomiya, Japanese martial artist

● 1955 - Cheryl White, Country singer (The Whites)

● 1955 - Richard Young, Country musician (The Kentucky Headhunters)

● 1955 - John Glover Roberts, Jr., 17th Chief Justice of the United States

● 1955 - Alexander Stuart, British author

● 1956 - Mimi Rogers, American actress

● 1957 - Janick Gers, Rock musician (Iron Maiden)

● 1957 - Frank Miller, American author

● 1958 - Kadri Mälk, Estonian artist and jewelry designer

● 1959 - Keith Olbermann, American sportscaster

● 1959 - Cris Collinsworth, American football player

● 1961 - Margo Timmins, Canadian singer (Cowboy Junkies)

● 1961 - Gillian Gilbert, British musician (New Order)

● 1964 - Bridget Fonda, American actress

● 1965 - Alan Cumming, Actor

● 1967 - Bobby Deol, Indian actor

● 1968 - Tracy Lawrence, Country singer

● 1968 - Mike Patton, American singer (Faith No More)

● 1968 - Tricky, English rapper

● 1969 - Cornelius, musician (Flipper's Guitar)

● 1969 - Michael Kulas, Canadian singer/songwriter (James (band))

● 1969 - Bobby Deol, Indian actor

● 1970 - Jon Douglas Rainey, actor/host of It Takes a Thief

● 1970 - Mark Trojanowski, American musician (Sister Hazel)

● 1970 - Emmanuel Pahud, French-Swiss flute player

● 1971 - Fann Wong, Singapore entertainer (Shanghai Knights)

● 1972 - Keith Wood, Irish rugby player

● 1972 - Josh Randall, Actor (''Ed'')

● 1974 - Chaminda Vaas, Sri Lankan cricketer

● 1976 - Kevin Denney, Country singer

● 1976 - Clint Ford, American voice actor

● 1976 - Ahn Jung-Hwan, Korean football player

● 1979 - Daniel Vettori, New Zealand cricketer

● 1979 - Rosamund Pike, British actress

● 1980 - Marat Safin, Russian tennis player

● 1981 - Alicia Molik, Australian tennis player

● 1983 - Carlo Colaiacovo, Canadian hockey player

● 1987 - Lily Donaldson, British model

● 1988 - Kerlon Moura Souza, Brazilian footballer

● 1991 - Ryan Ducote, American teen bodybuilder

DEATHS

● 98 - Nerva, Roman Emperor (b. 35)

● 1490 - Ashikaga Yoshimasa, Japanese shogun (b. 1435)

● 1629 - Hieronymus Praetorius, German composer (b. 1560)

● 1638 - Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses, Spanish novelist

● 1688 - Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang, grandmother of the Kangxi Emperor in Qing Dynasty China

● 1731 - Bartolomeo Cristofori, Italian maker of musical instruments (b. 1655)

● 1740 - Louis Henri, Duc de Bourbon, Prime Minister of France (b. 1692)

● 1814 - Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher (b. 1762)

● 1816 - Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, British admiral (b. 1724)

● 1851 - John James Audubon, French-American naturalist, ornithologist, and painter (b. 1789)

● 1857 - Dorothea Lieven, Russian noblewoman (b. 1785)

● 1860 - János Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1802)

● 1880 - Edward Middleton Barry, English architect (b. 1830)

● 1901 - Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (b. 1813)

● 1910 - Thomas Crapper, English inventor (b. 1836)

● 1919 - Endre Ady, Hungarian poet (b. 1877)

● 1921 - Maurice Vincent Buckley, Australian winner of the Victoria Cross (b. 1891)

● 1940 - Isaac Babel, Ukrainian writer (b. 1894)

● 1956 - Erich Kleiber, Argentine conductor (b. 1890)

● 1967 - Crew of Apollo 1:

● Roger Chaffee (b. 1935)

● Virgil "Gus" Grissom (b. 1926)

● Edward White (b. 1930)

● 1970 - Rita Angus, New Zealand painter (b. 1908)

● 1971 - Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (b. 1913)

● 1972 - Mahalia Jackson, American singer (b. 1911)

● 1972 - Richard Courant, German-American mathematician (b. 1888)

● 1973 - William Nolde, last American combat casualty of Vietnam War (b. 1929)

● 1975 - Bill Walsh, American producer and writer (b. 1913)

● 1983 - Louis de Funès, French actor (b. 1914)

● 1986 - Lilli Palmer, German-born actress (b. 1914)

● 1988 - Massa Makan Diabaté, Malian author (b. 1938)

● 1989 - Thomas Sopwith, British aviation pioneer (b. 1888)

● 1992 - Allan Jones, American actor and singer (b. 1908)

● 1993 - André the Giant, professional wrestler and actor (b. 1946)

● 1994 - Claude Akins, American actor (b. 1918)

● 1996 - Ralph Yarborough, American politician (b. 1903)

● 2000 - Friedrich Gulda, Austrian pianist (b. 1930)

● 2003 - Henryk Jabłoński, President of communist People's Republic of Poland (b. 1909)

● 2004 - Jack Paar, American television show host (b. 1918)

● 2004 - Salvador Laurel, 9th Vice President of the Philippines (b. 1928)

● 2006 - Johannes Rau, 8th Bundespräsident (President of Germany) (b. 1931)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic:
● Catholic Schools Week.
● St. Angela Merici
● St. Avitus
● St. Candida
● St. Datius
● St. Devota
● St. Emerius
● St. Gamelbert
● St. Gamo
● St. Gilduin
● St. Julian of Le Mans
● St. Julian of Sora
● St. Lupus of Chalons
● St. Natalis
● St. Marius
● St. Maurus
● St. Theodoric of Orleans

● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for January 15 (Civil Date: January 27)
● St. Paul of Thebes in Egypt, and St. John Calabytes ("Hut-dweller"), monks
● Monk-martyr Pansophius of Alexandria.
● St. Gabriel, founder of Lesnov Monastery in Bulgaria.
● St. Prochorus, abbot in Vranski desert on the river Pshina in Bulgaria.
● St. Maximus of Nola.

● Buddhist-Laos : Buddhist Holiday

● Christian: Devote of Monte Carlo

● Lutheran:
● Lydia, Dorcas & Phoebe

● Anglican, Old Roman Catholic:
● John Chrysostom, bishop of Constantinople

● UN — International Holocaust Remembrance Day

● United Kingdom — Holocaust Memorial Day.

● Germany — Gedenktag für die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus (Commemoration Day for the Victims of National Socialism).

● Poland — Dzień Pamięci Ofiar Nazizmu (Memorial Day for the Victims of Nazism).

● Italy — Giorno della Memoria (Memorial Day).

● Serbia — St. Sava Day.

● Denmark — Auschwitzdag (Auschwitz Day; commemoration day for the victims of the Holocaust and other genocide).

● Monaco, day of Saint Devota, patron saint

● Gregory T. McDuffie Day in Connecticut (declared for 2007 only)

● Mauritius : Cavadee

● Vietnam : Vietnam Peace Day (1973)

● This Holiday is only applicable on a given "day of the week"
● Australia : Australia Day (1788 - 1993) - ( Monday )


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

On This Day Website

Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.

Scope Systems Any Day Website

Roman Catholic Saint of the Day

Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar

Permanent Backlink to Post