January 23......

January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 342 (343 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.

{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}

EVENTS

● 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine years old son Honorius co-emperor.

● 638 - Start of Islamic calendar

● 1265 - 1st English Parliament formally convened (some authorities)

● 1490 - 1st printing of Ramban's Sha'ar ha-Gemul

● 1492 - "Pentateuch" (Jewish holy book) 1st printed

● 1510 - Henry VIII of England, then 18 years old, appears incognito in the lists at Richmond, and is applauded for his jousting before he reveals his identity.

● 1533 - Anne Boleyn, mistress of Henry VIII of England, discovers herself pregnant.

● 1546 - Having published nothing for eleven years, Francois Rabelais brings out his sequel to Gargantua and Pantagruel: the Tiers Livre.

● 1552 - 2nd version of Book of Common Prayer becomes mandatory in England

● 1556 - The deadliest earthquake in history, the Shaanxi earthquake, hits Shaanxi province, China. The death toll may have been as high as 830,000.

● 1570 - The assassination of regent James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray throws Scotland into civil war.

● 1571 - The Royal Exchange in London, founded by financier Thomas Gresham, was opened by Queen Elizabeth I.

● 1579 - The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant republic in the Netherlands.

● 1631 - France & Sweden sign anti-German Treaty of Bärwald

● 1637 - Dutch Governor Johan Mauritius lands in Pernambuco Brazil

● 1643 - Sir Thomas Fairfax takes Leeds for the Parliamentarians

● 1647 - Scottish Presbyterians sell captured Charles I to English parliament

● 1656 - French scientist Blaise Pascal, 33, published the first of his 18 "Provincial Lettres," the majority of which attacked the Jesuit theories of grace and moral theology.

● 1663 - King Louis XIV affirms covenant with Rÿnstaten

● 1668 - England, Netherlands & Sweden signs Triple Alliance against French

● 1631 - France & Sweden sign anti-German Treaty of Bärwald

● 1637 - Dutch Governor Johan Mauritius lands in Pernambuco Brazil

● 1643 - Sir Thomas Fairfax takes Leeds for the Parliamentarians

● 1647 - Scottish Presbyterians sell captured Charles I to English parliament

● 1663 - King Louis XIV affirms covenant with Rÿnstaten

● 1668 - England, Netherlands & Sweden signs Triple Alliance against French

● 1719 - The Principality of Liechtenstein is created within the Holy Roman Empire.

● 1755 - Under the influence of the Methodist movement, English clergyman John Fletcher, 26, was converted to a living faith. He remained in the Anglican church but afterward became a chief defender of evangelical Arminianism.

● 1779 - Charles Messier catalogs M56 (globular cluster in Lyra)

● 1789 - Georgetown College was founded by Father John Carroll, 54, in Washington, D.C. the first Roman Catholic college established in America.

● 1793 - 2nd partition of Poland, between Prussia & Russia

● 1793 - Humane Society of Philadelphia (first aid society) organized

● 1809 - Baker massacre of Blackfeet.

● 1812 - 7.8 earthquake shakes New Madrid, Missouri.

● 1833 - Joseph Pease, a Quaker, admitted to Parliament on his affirmation

● 1844 - Birth of Paul Brousse (1844-1912). Member of the anarchist Jurassic Federation; later became a socialist reformist.

● 1845 - The U.S. Congress decided all national elections would be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.

● 1849 - Elizabeth Blackwell is awarded her M.D. by the Medical Institute of Geneva, New York, becoming the United States' first woman doctor.

● 1855 - The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens in what is now Minneapolis, Minnesota, a crossing made today by the Father Louis Hennepin Bridge.

● 1856 - Steamer Pacific lost

● 1861 - Agoston Haraszthy, 1st vintner in Sonoma Valley, imports 100,000 cuttings of 350 varieties from Europe

● 1865 - Battle of City Point, VA (James River, Trent's Reach)

● 1865 - General Robert E Lee named Commander-in-Chief of Confederate Armies

● 1870 - Red Horn, Piegan chief, and 175 others were surprised and killed, most women and children, in camp ravaged by smallpox on Marias River, Montana by U.S. cavalrymen.

● 1875 - First British disarmament campaign founded, Liverpool, England.

● 1879 - Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Rorke's Drift ends.

● 1889 - Dr Daniel Hale Williams forms Provident Hospital in Chicago

● 1894 - G W Bunbury of Dublin sets shorthand record of 250 wpm for 10 minutes

● 1897 - Elva Zona Heaster found dead in Greenbrier County, West Virginia. The resulting murder trial of her husband was perhaps the only case in United States history where the alleged testimony of a ghost helped secure a conviction.

● 1898 - Sergei Eisenstein , the Russian film director and innovator , was born.

● 1899 - Emilio Aguinaldo was sworn in as President of the First Philippine Republic.

● 1904 - Ålesund Fire: Norwegian coastal town Ålesund is devastated by fire, leaving 10,000 people homeless and one person dead. Kaiser Wilhelm II funds the rebuilding of the town in Jugendstil architecture.

● 1907 - Charles Curtis of Kansas becomes the first American Indian to serve as a U.S. Senator. He resigned in March of 1929 to become President Herbert Hoover's Vice President.

● 1908 - US & Great-Britain demand end of abuses in Congo

● 1909 - 1st radio rescue at sea

● 1912 - The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague.

● 1913 - Joe Hill's song "Mr. Block" published in the "Industrial Worker."

● 1916 - Temp falls from 44ºF (7ºC) to -56ºF (49ºC) night of 23-24, Browning MT

● 1919 - First Regional Conference of Peasants, Workers, and Insurgents (Makhnovists), in Bolche-Mikhailovska (Ukraine).

● 1920 - The Netherlands refuses to surrender ex-Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany to the Allies.

● 1923 - France - The young individualist Germaine Berton attempts to kill Leon Daudet, a rightwing extremist and propagandist of l'Action Française. A solidarity campaign by "Libertaire" rallied anarchists, militants, Severine, Louis Lecoin, and others in support of her defense, and she was acquitted.

● 1923 - Taxi strike in Amsterdam begins (through March 9th)

● 1924 - Ramsey MacDonald forms 1st Labour government in Britain

● 1930 - British India - Subhaschandra Bose and 11 others sentenced to one year in prison for Calcutta parade against imperialism.

● 1930 - George Washington Birthplace National Monument VA established

● 1930 - Clyde Tombaugh photographs planet Pluto

● 1932 - New York Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt announced his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination.

● 1932 - El Salvador army kills 4,000 protesting farmers

● 1933 - 20th amendment changes date of Presidential Inaugurations to 1/20

● 1935 - British biblical expositor Arthur W. Pink wrote in a letter: 'Growth in grace is like the growth of a cow's tail the more it truly grows, the closer to the ground it is brought.'

● 1936 - Catholic People's Party (KVP) of Curaçao forms

● 1937 - In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of participating in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime and assassinate its leaders.

● 1940 - Pianist Ignaz Paderewski becomes premier of Polish government in exile

● 1941 - Ground breaking for NACA (now NASA) Lewis Research Center

● 1941 - Charles Lindbergh testifies before the U.S. Congress and recommends that the United States negotiate a neutrality pact with Adolf Hitler.

● 1942 - Japanese troops occupy Rabaul New Britain

● 1942 - Tank battle at Adzjedabia, African corps vs British army

● 1943 - 66.34 cm (26.12"), Hoegees Camp CA (state precipitation record)

● 1943 - World War II: British forces capture Tripoli in Libya from the Nazis.

● 1943 - Jewish resistance to Nazis erupts in the ghettoes, Warsaw, Poland.

● 1943 - World War II: Australian and American forces finally defeat the Japanese army in Papua. This turning point in the Pacific War marks the beginning of the end of Japanese aggression.

● 1943 - Duke Ellington plays at Carnegie Hall in New York City for the first time.

● 1943 - The New Tribes Mission was incorporated in Los Angeles by founder Paul W. Fleming. NTM works today primarily in missionary aviation, Bible translation, church planting and the production and distribution of Christian literature.

● 1945 - Georges Gourdin dies in Nazi camps of Elbruck (Germany). French anarchist, born around 1916. Active in Jeunesses Anarchistes and l'Union Anarchiste, in the Resistence during WWII, and in rebuilding, underground, the anarchist movement, aiding many comrades in trouble. Arrested and tortured in May 1944 before being sent to Germany.

● 1945 - World War II: Karl Dönitz launches Operation Hannibal.

● 1945 - Dutch Premier Gerbrandy, exiled in London, offers his resignation

● 1946 - Rear Admiral Sidney W Souers, USNR, becomes 1st director of CIA

● 1950 - The Knesset passes a resolution that states Jerusalem is the capital of Israel.

● 1950 - 3rd edition of Joseph Kane's Famous 1st Facts published

● 1950 - Rebel army of cap Raymond Westerner occupies Bandung

● 1955 - Express train crashes killing 14; Fourteen people die and dozens are injured when an express train travelling from York to Bristol derails at Sutton Coldfield station.

● 1957 - Ku Klux Klan members abducts Willie Edwards Jr., a black truck driver from Montgomery, Alabama, and force him at gunpoint to jump from a bridge into the Alabama River. His body wasn't found for months. No one was arrested, and the case closed. 19 years later, murder charges were brought against three Klansmen after a confession from a fourth, who was at the slaying's scene. But the case never make it to trial. Alabama Judge Frank Embry quashed the indictments, ruling that (quote) - "merely forcing a person to jump from a bridge does not naturally and probably lead to the death of such person."

● 1958 - Dictator Marcos Pérez Jiménez flees Venezuela, Larrazábal takes power

● 1960 - The bathyscaphe USS Trieste breaks a depth record by descending to the deepest point in the Pacific Ocean. The depth was measured to be 35,813 feet (10,916 m) but later measurements show it to be 35,798 feet (10,911 m).

● 1961 - Supreme Court rules cities & states have right to censor films

● 1961 - Venezuela adopts constitution

● 1962 - Libya, Morocco, Algeria & Tunisia plan to form United Arab Maghreb

● 1962 - British spy Kim Philby defects to USSR

● 1962 - Fifteen Committee of 100 supporters sit in at House of Commons demanding halt to nuclear weapon tests, Britain.

● 1964 - The 24th Amendment to the United States Constitution, prohibiting the use of poll taxes in national elections, is ratified.

● 1967 - Milton Keynes (England) founded by Order in Council. (See History of Milton Keynes)

● 1968 - North Korea seizes the USS Pueblo, claiming the ship violated their territorial waters while spying.

● 1968 - U.S. Navy spy ship Pueblo, with a crew of 83 and all its secret gear intact, is seized without a struggle by North Korean patrol boats after it allegedly violated territorial waters in the Sea of Japan. The 83 were charged with spying within the 12-mile territorial limit; all but one were released 11 months later. {The U.S. Navy would later scapegoat the ship's Commander for letting the ship be captured.}

● 1969 - Three hundred ducks die when light from newly installed mercury vapor street lamps, shining through a heavy fog, caused them to mistake a parking lot for water and crash into buildings at St. Mary's College, Maryland.

● 1970 - Folksingers Judy Collins, Arlo Guthrie, Country Joe McDonald, Phil Ochs, and Pete Seeger are denied permission to sing as part of Collins' defense testimony at the trial of "The Chicago Seven."

● 1970 - US launches 2nd generation weather satellite, ITOS 1

● 1970 - Dolle Mina burns her bra in Amsterdam

● 1970 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

● 1971 - Britain allowed to sell arms to S Africa; The Commonwealth Conference in Singapore ends with a compromise over the wording of the declaration. {The fact that this was even an issue proves just how corrupt the so called colonial powers are and were.}

● 1971 - -80ºF (-62ºC), Prospect Creek Camp AK (US record)

● 1972 - Bootlegger sells wood alcohol to wedding party-100 die-New Delhi

● 1972 - Entire population of Istanbul under 24 hour house arrest

● 1973 - President Nixon announces "Peace With Honor" accord with Vietnam, with all American troops to be out of Vietnam in 60 days. {As with anything this crook was behind there was little honor involved.}

● 1973 - A volcanic eruption devastates Heimaey in the Vestmannaeyjar chain of islands off the south coast of Iceland.

● 1973 - Jordan Air crash at Kano, Nigeria kills 176 Moslem pilgrims

● 1976 - Actor, athlete, and commie activist Paul Robeson dies, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Blacklist during the Cold War basically destroyed his career.

● 1977 - The first segment of the Roots mini-series airs on ABC.

● 1978 - Sweden becomes the first nation in the world to ban aerosol sprays, believed to be damaging to earth's protective ozone layer.

● 1978 - Two-week strike against U.S.-backed Somoza dictatorship begins, Nicaragua. Beginning of 18-month insurrection that brings Sandanista triumph.

● 1980 - Native American political prisoner Leonard Peltier, already sentenced to two life sentences, is given an additional seven years for escaping from a federal prison.

● 1981 - A pipe bomb explodes at the Supreme Court building in New York City. No one is injured, but 1,500 people are forced to evacuate.

● 1981 - 1st Richard Nixon museum opens (San Clemente CA)

● 1981 - Jochem Bird elected mayor of West Berlin

● 1982 - Urbe Blanca (cow) produces record 110 kg of milk, Cuba (approximate date)

● 1982 - World Airways DC-10 skids at Boston Logan Airport killing 2

● 1982 - Ten thousand demonstrate against nuclear power plant, Frankenberg, West Germany.

● 1983 - The Television Show The A-Team Starts its first season on the NBC network.

● 1983 - Russian radioactive satellite falls into Indian Ocean

● 1984 - "Hulkamania" is born when Hulk Hogan defeats The Iron Sheik to win the WWF Championship

● 1985 - O.J. Simpson becomes the first Heisman Trophy winner elected to the Football Hall of Fame and later becomes a member of the Murderer's Hall of Infamy.

● 1985 - Britains House of Lords debate 1st televised

● 1986 - Columbia returns to Kennedy Space Center via Davis-Monthan AFB

● 1986 - About 1,000 pounds of uranium are accidentally pumped into the sea, Windscale, Britain.

● 1986 - The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducts its first members: Chuck Berry, James Brown, Ray Charles, Fats Domino, Everly Brothers, Buddy Holly, Jerry Lee Lewis and Elvis Presley.

● 1987 - Dow Jones rises 64 points then drops 110 points (44.15 point loss)

● 1987 - Japan 1st exceeds military spending cap of 1% of GNP ($23 billion)

● 1988 - Experimental airplane Voyager, piloted by Dick Rutan & Jeana Yeager, complete 1st nonstop, round-the-world flight without refueling lands

● 1989 - Many killed in Tajik earthquake; Hundreds of people are feared dead after a powerful earthquake strikes the Soviet Central Asian republic of Tajikistan.

● 1989 - Surrealist artist Salvador Dali died in Spain at age 84.

● 1989 - Challenge to "who is a Jew" law filed in Israeli Supreme Court

● 1991 - Allied forces in the Persian Gulf War announced that they had achieved air superiority after some 12,000 sorties.

● 1991 - High-denomination banknotes withdrawn in USSR

● 1991 - World's largest oil spill, caused by embattled Iraqi forces in Kuwait

● 1993 - Indian Airlines B737 crashes art Aurangabad, 61 die

● 1993 - New York Newsday reports Oregon's Senator Bob Packwood sexually harassed 23 women

● 1994 - Worldwide Day for peace in Bosnia-Herzegovina

● 1996 - The first version of the Java programming language is released.

● 1997 - A judge in Fairfax, VA, sentenced Mir Aimal Kasi to death for an assault rifle attack outside the CIA headquarters in 1993 that killed two men and wounded three other people.

● 1997 - A British woman received a record £186,000 damages for Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI).

● 1997 - Madeleine Albright becomes the first woman to serve as United States Secretary of State.

● 1998 - Pope John Paul II condemns US embargo against Cuba

● 1999 - Australian missionary Graham Staines and his two sons are burned alive by radical Hindus while sleeping in their car in Eastern India.

● 2001 - A van used by the remaining two fugitives of the "Texas 7" was recovered in Colorado Springs, CO. A few hours later police surrounded a hotel where the convicts were hiding. Patrick Murphy Jr. and Donald Newbury were taken into custody the next morning without incident.

● 2002 - John Walker Lindh returned to the U.S. under FBI custody. Lindh was charge with conspiring to kill U.S. citizens, providing support to terrorists and engaging in prohibited transactions with the Taliban while a member of the al-Quaida terrorist organization in Afghanistan.

● 2002 - Elderly patient sparks Commons row; The treatment of a 94-year old woman sets off a bitter political row between the prime minister and the leader of the Opposition.

● 2002 - Reporter Daniel Pearl is kidnapped -- and subsequently murdered -- in Karachi, Pakistan.

● 2003 - North Korea announced that it would consider sanctions an act of war for North Korea's reinstatement of its nuclear program.

● 2004 - Bob Keeshan, TV's ''Captain Kangaroo,'' died at age 76.

● 2005 - Former ''Tonight Show'' host Johnny Carson died at age 79.

● 2005 - Viktor Yushchenko is sworn in as the third President of Ukraine in Kiev, Ukraine.

● 2006 - Stephen Harper's Conservative Party wins the most seats in the Canadian federal election. Harper becomes the 22nd Prime Minister of Canada with a minority government. {Strange how this accomplished with the same tactics as King George's minority, including who made the voting machines.}

● 3268 - Beginning of 2nd Julian Period

BIRTHS

● 1350 - Vincent Ferrer, Spanish missionary and saint (d. 1419)

● 1719 - John Landen, English mathematician (d. 1790)

● 1737 - John Hancock, American Revolutionist (d. 1793)

● 1745 - William Jessop, English canal engineer (d. 1814)

● 1783 - Stendhal, French writer (d. 1842)

● 1786 - Auguste de Montferrand, French architect (d. 1858)

● 1813 - Camilla Collett, Norwegian writer and feminist (d. 1895)

● 1827 - Takamori Saigo, Samurai, leader of Satsuma rebellion (d. 1877)

● 1832 - Edouard Manet, French artist (d. 1883)

● 1840 - Ernst Abbe, German physicist (d. 1905)

● 1855 - John Moses Browning, American firearms designer

● 1857 - Andrija Mohorovičić, Croatian seismologist (d. 1936)

● 1862 - David Hilbert, German mathematician (d. 1943)

● 1867 – Sergius, Russian Patriarch of Moscow (d. 1944)

● 1869 - Herbert D. Croly, American Founder of New Republic (d. 1930)

● 1872 - Gotse Delchev,Macedonian revolutionary (d. 1903)

● 1872 - Paul Langevin, French physicist (d. 1946)

● 1872 - Joze Plečnik, Slovenian architect (d. 1957)

● 1876 - Otto Diels, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1954)

● 1884 - Ralph DePalma, Italian-born race car driver (d. 1956)

● 1888 - Leadbelly, American blues and folk musician

● 1896 - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1985)

● 1897 - Subhas Chandra Bose, Indian independence fighter (d. ?)

● 1897 - Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, Austrian architect (d. 2000)

● 1898 - Sergei Eisenstein, Russian film director (d. 1948)

● 1898 - Randolph Scott, American actor (d. 1987)

● 1900 - William Ifor Jones, Welsh Conductor & Organist (d. 1988)

● 1903 - Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Colombian politician (d. 1948)

● 1907 - Dan Duryea, American actor (d. 1968)

● 1907 - Hideki Yukawa, Japanese physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)

● 1910 - Django Reinhardt, Belgian guitarist (d. 1953)

● 1915 - Arthur Lewis, British economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)

● 1915 - Potter Stewart, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1985)

● 1918 - Gertrude B. Elion, American scientist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)

● 1919 - Hans Hass, Austrian zoologist and underwater scientist

● 1919 - Ernie Kovacs, American comedian (d. 1962)

● 1923 - Walter M. Miller, Jr., American writer (d. 1996)

● 1924 - Frank Lautenberg,U.S. senator, D-N.J.

● 1928 - Chico Carrasquel, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player (d. 2005)

● 1928 - Jeanne Moreau, French actress

● 1929 - John Charles Polanyi, Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate

● 1929 - Patriarch Filaret (Mykhailo Denysenko) of Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kyiv Patriarchate

● 1930 - Derek Walcott, West Indian writer, Nobel Prize laureate

● 1933 - Chita Rivera, Puerto Rican actress and dancer

● 1934 - Lou Antonio, Actor-director

● 1934 - Pierre Bourgault, Quebec politician and essayist (d. 2003)

● 1936 - Jerry Kramer, American football player

● 1938 - Shohei Baba, Japanese professional wrestler (d. 1999)

● 1938 - Georg Baselitz, German painter and sculptor

● 1939 - Sonny Chiba, Japanese actor and martial artist

● 1940 - Johnny Russell, American country singer and songwriter (d. 2001)

● 1943 - Gil Gerard, American actor

● 1943 - Millie Jackson, American singer

● 1943 - Gary Burton, American jazz vibraphonist

● 1944 - Jerry Lawson, R&B singer (The Persuasions)

● 1944 - Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor

● 1945 - Mike Harris, Canadian politician, Premier of Ontario

● 1947 - Thomas R. Carper, U.S. Senator from Delaware.

● 1947 - Megawati Sukarnoputri, 5th President of Indonesia

● 1948 - Anita Pointer, American singer (The Pointer Sisters)

● 1950 - Richard Dean Anderson, American actor

● 1950 - Bill Cunningham, Rock musician (The Box Tops)

● 1950 - Danny Federici, American musician (Bruce Springsteen and the E-Street Band)

● 1952(53? NYT) - Robin Zander, American singer (Cheap Trick)

● 1953 - Antonio Villaragoisa, American 52nd Mayor of Los Angeles

● 1954 - Franco De Vita, Venezuelan singer and songwriter

● 1957 - Princess Caroline of Monaco

● 1959 - Earl Falconer, Reggae musician (UB40)

● 1959 - Clive Bull Radio talk show host

● 1963 - Gail O'Grady, American actress

● 1964 - Mariska Hargitay, American actress ("Law and Order: Special Victims Unit")

● 1964 - Mario Roberge, National Hockey League player

● 1967 - Naim Suleymanoglu, Bulgarian-born, Turkish weightlifter

● 1968 - Petr Korda, Czech tennis player

● 1969 - Andrei Kanchelskis, Ukrainian-Russian footballer

● 1969 - Brendan Shanahan, Canadian ice hockey player

● 1971 - Marc Nelson, R&B singer

● 1972 - Marcel Wouda, Dutch swimmer

● 1972 - Mark Curry, African American rapper

● 1973 - Lanei Chapman, American actress

● 1974 - Tiffani Thiessen, American actress (''Beverly Hills, 90210'')

● 1974 - Richard T. Slone, British artist

● 1975 - Tito Ortiz, American UFC Fighter

● 1979 - Larry Hughes, American basketball player

● 1979 - Sampsa Astala, Finnish musician (Lordi)

● 1983 - David Firth, British animator/musician

● 1983 - George Foreman III, American reality series star; son of George Foreman

● 1984 - Arjen Robben, Dutch footballer

● 1985 - Doutzen Kroes, Dutch supermodel

● 1986 - Felicia Brandström, Swedish singer

DEATHS

● 1002 - Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 980)

● 1199 - Yaqub, Almohad Caliph (b. 1160)

● 1548 - Bernardo Pisano, Italian composer (b. 1490)

● 1549 - Johannes Honter, Transylvanian Saxon humanist and theologian {b. 1498)

● 1567 - Jiajing, Emperor of China (b. 1507)

● 1570 - James Stewart, Earl of Moray, regent of Scotland (assassinated)

● 1622 - William Baffin, English explorer (b. 1584)

● 1744 - Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher and historian (b. 1668)

● 1785 - Matthew Stewart, Scottish mathematician (b. 1717)

● 1789 - Frances Brooke, English writer (b. 1724)

● 1789 - John Cleland, English novelist (b. 1709)

● 1800 - Edward Rutledge, American statesman (b. 1749)

● 1803 - Arthur Guinness, Irish brewer (b. 1725)

● 1805 - Claude Chappe, French telecommunications pioneer (b. 1763)

● 1806 - William Pitt the Younger, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1759)

● 1812 - Robert Craufurd, British general (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1764)

● 1833 - Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, British admiral (b. 1757)

● 1837 - John Field, Irish composer (b. 1782)

● 1866 - Thomas Love Peacock, English satirist (b. 1785)

● 1875 - Charles Kingsley English writer (b. 1819)

● 1883 - Gustave Doré, French artist, engraver, and illustrator (b. 1832)

● 1893 - Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1825)

● 1922 - Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor (b. 1855)

● 1923 - Max Nordau, Austrian author, philosopher, and Zionist leader (b. 1849)

● 1931 - Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (b. 1881)

● 1937 - Marie Prevost, Canadian actress (b. 1898)

● 1937 - Orso Mario Corbino, Italian physicist (b. 1876)

● 1943 - Alexander Woollcott, American actor, author, and bon vivant (b. 1887)

● 1944 - Edvard Munch, Norwegian painter (b. 1863)

● 1956 - Alexander Korda, Hungarian/British film director (b. 1893)

● 1971 - Fritz Feigl, Austria-born chemist (b. 1871)

● 1973 - Kid Ory, American jazz trombonist (b. 1886)

● 1976 - Paul Robeson, American actor, singer, and social activist (b. 1898)

● 1976 - Paul Dupuis, French Canadian film and television actor (b. 1913)

● 1977 - Toots Shor, New York restaurateur (b. 1903)

● 1978 - Terry Kath, American musician (Chicago) (b. 1946)

● 1978 - Jack Oakie, American actor (b. 1903)

● 1978 - Vic Ames, American signer (Ames Brothers) (b. 1925)

● 1981 - Samuel Barber, American composer (b. 1910)

● 1983 - Fred Bakewell, English cricketer (b. 1908)

● 1989 - Salvador Dalí, Catalan artist (b. 1904)

● 1992 - Freddie Bartholomew, Irish actor (b. 1924)

● 1993 - Thomas A. Dorsey, American singer (b. 1899)

● 1994 - Nikolai Vasilievich Ogarkov, Soviet field marshal (b. 1917)

● 1994 - Brian Redhead, English journalist and broadcaster (b. 1929)

● 1997 - Richard Berry, American composer and musician (b. 1935)

● 1999 - Prince Lincoln Thompson, Jamaican musician (b. 1949)

● 2000 - Derrick Thomas, American football player (b. 1967)

● 2002 - Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist (b. 1930)

● 2002 - Paul Aars, American racecar driver (b. 1934)

● 2002 - Robert Nozick, American philosopher (b. 1938)

● 2003 - Nell Carter, American singer and actress (b. 1948)

● 2004 - Bob Keeshan, American actor (b. 1927)

● 2004 - Helmut Newton, German-born photographer (b. 1920)

● 2005 - Morys George Lyndhurst Bruce, 4th Baron Aberdare, British politician (b. 1921)

● 2005 - Johnny Carson, American television legend (b. 1925)

● 2005 - Douglas Knight, American university president (b. 1921)

● 2006 - Ernie Baron, Philippine newscaster (b. 1940)

● 2006 - Chris McKinstry, Canadian scientist (b. 1967)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic:
● St. Agathangelus
● St. Amasius
● St. Asclas
● St. Barnard
● St. Colman of Lismore
● St. Emerentiana
● St. Eusebius
● St. Henry Suso, Blessed
● St. Ildephonsus
● St. John the Almoner
● St. Luthfild
● St. Maimbod
● St. Ormond
● St. Parmenas
● Sts. Severian & Aquila
● Bl. Marianne of Molokai

● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for January 11 (Civil Date: January 23)
● St. Theodosius the Great, the Cenobiarch
● St. Michael of Klops Monastery, fool-for-Christ (Novgorod).
● St. Theodosius of Antioch.
● St. Stephen of Placidian near Constantinople.
● St. Theodore.
● St. Agapius of Apamea in Syria.
● Martyr Mairus.
● St. Theodosius, Metropolitan of Trebizond.

● Greek Calendar:
● St. Romil the hermit of Veddin.
● St. Vitalis of the monastery of Abba Serid at Gaza.
● Repose of Blessed Nun Eupraxia of Teliakov village, Kostroma (1823).

● Old Roman Catholic:
● St. Raymond of Penafort, confessor (now 1/7)

● Anglican:
● Phillips Brooks, bishop of Massachusetts

● Luxembourg : Grand Duchess' Birthday

IN FICTION

● 1897 - Start of Sherlock Holmes "The Adventure of the Abbey Grange"


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

On This Day Website

Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.

Scope Systems Any Day Website

Roman Catholic Saint of the Day

Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar

Permanent Backlink to Post