January 11......

January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 354 (355 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.

{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}

EVENTS

● 314 - Pope Miltiades ends his reign as the Catholic Pope.

● 532 - Nika-revolt against Justianus & Theodora in Hippodrome Constantinople

● 705 - John VI ends his reign as Catholic Pope

● 1158 - Vladislav II becomes King of Bohemia.

● 1523 - German reformer Martin Luther wrote in a letter: 'It is unchristian, even unnatural, to derive benefit and protection from the community and not also to share in the common burden and expense; to let other people work but to harvest the fruit of their labors.'

● 1558 - Westmunster Church in Middelburg destroyed by heavy storm

● 1569 - 1st recorded lottery in England is drawn at St Paul's Cathedral

● 1571 - Austrian nobility is granted freedom of religion by Emperor Maximilian II.

● 1599 - Jacob van Necks fleet leaves Bantam Java with pepper, clove & muskaat

● 1672 - Isaac Newton is elected a member of Royal Society

● 1693 - Mt. Etna erupts in Sicily, Italy.

● 1753 - Ferdinand VI of Spain & Pope Benedictus XIV sign concord

● 1757 - Founding father Alexander Hamilton was born in the West Indies.

● 1758 - Russian troops occupy Königsberg, East-Prussia

● 1759 - In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the first American life insurance company is incorporated.

● 1765 - Frisia bans Voltaires "Traité sur la tolérance"

● 1770 - The first shipment of rhubarb was sent to the United States from London.

● 1774 - Messier adds M51 (spiral galaxy in Canes Venatici) to his catalog

● 1775 - Francis Salvador becomes 1st Jew elected to office in America

● 1777 - Anglican hymnwriter John Newton wrote in a letter: 'A soul may be in as thriving a state when thirsting, seeking and mourning after the Lord as when actually rejoicing in Him; as much in earnest when fighting in the valley as when singing upon the mount.'

● 1779 - Ching-Thang Khomba crowned King of Manipur

● 1785 - Continental Congress convenes in New York City NY

● 1787 - William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, two moons of Uranus.

● 1790 - Statisten & Vonckisten unite as Belgium

● 1791 - In Philadelphia, Episcopal Bishop William White, 43, founded the First Day Society. It became the forerunner of the American Missionary Fellowship, chartered in 1817 and headquartered today in Villanova, PA.

● 1794 - Robert Forsythe, a US Marshal was killed in Augusta, Georgia when trying to serve court papers, the first US Marshal to die in action.

● 1803 - Monroe & Livingston sail for Paris to buy New Orleans; they buy Louisiana

● 1805 - Michigan Territory is created.

● 1805 - Michigan Territory is organized

● 1813 - 1st pineapples planted in Hawaii

● 1839 - Earthquake at Martinique destroys half of Port Royal-700 die

● 1842 - William James, the American psychologist and exponent of pragmatism, was born.

● 1861 - Alabama becomes 4th state to secede

● 1861 - Mexico City captured by Juárez (Liberal) in War of the Reform

● 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Arkansas Post - General John McClernand and Admiral David Dixon Porter capture the Arkansas River for the Union.

● 1863 - Naval engagement near Galveston between CSS Alabama & USS Hatteras

● 1864 - Charing Cross Station opens in London

● 1865 - Battle of Beverly WV

● 1866 - Steamship London sinks in storm off Land's End England, kills 220

● 1867 - Benito Juarez returned to the Mexican presidency, following the withdrawal of French troops and the execution of Emperor Maximilian.

● 1873 - 1st livestock market newspaper published, Drover's Journal, Chicago

● 1878 - In New York, milk was delivered in glass bottles for the first time by Alexander Campbell.

● 1879 - Zulu war against British colonial rule in South Africa begins

● 1880 - Total solar eclipse blackens the sky of San Francisco one day after the funeral of Emperor Norton.

● 1885 - Alice Paul, first peace picketer at White House, born. A leading suffragist and, a half-century later, author of the Equal Rights Amendment. (Still not the law of the land.)

● 1887 - Birth of American naturalist Aldo Leopold, whose "Sand Country Almanac" is an early environmentalist classic.

● 1887 - France - Clement Duval, anarchist expropriator and member of the "Panthers of Batignolles" is condemned to death. Following the protests of anarchists, his sentence was commuted life. In 1901, he escaped from servitude in Guyana to New York, where he lived until age 85, surrounded by Italian anarchist comrades.

● 1890 - Anonymous woman revolutionary assassinates Sololouchin, chief of tsar's secret police. Moscow, Russia.

● 1892 - Hawaiian Historical Society founded

● 1892 - William D McCoy of Indiana appointed US minister to Liberia

● 1892 - Paul Gauguin marries a 13-year-old Tahitian girl

● 1897 - M H Cannon becomes 1st woman state senator in US (Utah)

● 1902 - Popular Mechanics magazine was published for the first time.

● 1904 - Herero people of South West Africa, now Namibia, begin uprising

● 1907 - The Church of God, headquartered today in Cleveland, Tennessee, and with roots going back to 1886, officially adopted its current name.

● 1908 - Grand Canyon National Monument is created.

● 1908 - A prominent young lawyer, Mohandas Gandhi, is jailed for the first time, for refusing to register as an Asian. Johannesburg, South Africa.

● 1911 - First "Modern School", based on ideas of Francisco Ferrer, founded by a group including Leonard Abbott, Alexander Berkman, and Emma Goldman, New York City.

● 1912 - Beginning of IWW-organized "Bread and Roses" textile strike of 32,000 women and children at Lawrence, Massachusetts.

● 1913 - 1st sedan-type car (Hudson) goes on display at 13th Auto Show (New York City NY)

● 1913 - Bread & Roses Strike begins

● 1916 - French troops capture/Serbian army flees to Corfu

● 1919 - 3 year old German communist party (Spartacus) crushed

● 1919 - Romania annexes Transylvania.

● 1920 - French passenger ship Afrique sinks near La Rochelle; 553 die

● 1922 - At Toronto General Hospital, 14-year-old Leonard Thompson becomes the first person to receive an insulin injection as treatment for diabetes. Diabetes had been recognized as a distinct medical condition for over 3,000 years {what is now called Type I diabetes, was a sure death sentence}, but its cause (pancreatic failure) was a mystery until the 2Oth century, and what causes the pancreas to fail is only being solved now in the 21st.

● 1923 - Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments.

● 1932 - Massacre of Casas Viejas Pueblo in Cadiz, Spain, heralds Civil War. A peasant uprising is put down with the killing of 16 peasants and workers by the civil guard.

● 1923 - 1st Dutch Dada-evening (Theo Van Doesburg & Kurt Schwitters)

● 1925 - Franc B Kellogg replaces Charles Hughes on as US Secretary of State

● 1933 - In Hamburg, Germany, the Altona Confession was issued by area pastors, offering Scriptural guidelines for the Christian life, in light of the confusing political situation and the developing Nazi influence on the State Church.

● 1935 - Aviator Amelia Earhart began a trip from Honolulu to Oakland, Calif., becoming the first woman to fly solo across the Pacific Ocean.

● 1936 - Charles Anderson enters Kentucky House of Representatives

● 1938 - In Limerick, ME, Frances Moulton assumed her duties as the first woman bank president.

● 1941 - Princess Irene Brigade established in Congleton

● 1942 - -23ºF (-31ºC), Kingston RI (state record)

● 1942 - Japan conquers Kuala Lumpur, Malaya

● 1942 - Japan declares war on the Netherlands and invades the Netherlands East Indies.

● 1943 - Assassination of anarchist militant Carlo Tresca, New York City. Murdered by an unknown assailant. Gentle and courtly in person, Tresca was an outspoken foe of fascism in Germany and Italy and of communism in the Soviet Union. Tresca was also a skilled labor agitator, leading strikes and urging workers to stand up for their rights. Served on the John Dewey Commission, which declared Trotsky "not guilty" of the charges presented at the Moscow Purge Trials. Once Tresca took such positions, the communists conducted a campaign of character assassination aimed at destroying his influence in the anti-fascist movements.

● 1943 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China.

● 1944 - Crakow-Plaszow Concentration Camp established

● 1946 - Enver Hoxha declares the People's Republic of Albania with himself as dictator.

● 1946 - Porfirio Barba-Jacob's ashes go back to Colombia.

● 1949 - First recorded case of snowfall in Los Angeles, California.

● 1952 - Peace Pledge Union organizes "Operation Gandhi," first British protest against nuclear weapons. Ten sit down on War Office steps, London.

● 1952 - Bollingen Prize for poetry awarded to Marianne Moore

● 1953 - J Edgar Hoover declines 6 figure offer to become president of the International Boxing Club

● 1954 - 2 ton locomotive swept into ravine by avalanche - 10 die (Austria)

● 1957 - The African Convention is founded in Dakar.

● 1959 - Bollingen Prize for poetry awarded to Theodore Roethke

● 1960 - Chad declares independence from France

● 1961 - Racial riot at University of Georgia

● 1962 - Mandela leaves South Africa, travels to Ethiopia, Algeria & England

● 1962 - Eruption of the Huascaran volcano in Peru; 4,000 deaths.

● 1963 - Please Please Me is released in the United Kingdom by The Beatles, with Ask Me Why as the B-side. It would be the first Beatles' single to reach #1 (on most record charts) in the UK.

● 1963 - The Whisky a Go Go night club in Los Angeles, the first disco in the USA, is opened.

● 1964 - United States Surgeon General Luther Leonidas Terry reports smoking cigarette smoking and lung cancer are linked. First such statement from U.S. government.

● 1964 - Panamá ends diplomatic relations with US

● 1966 - 550 die in landslides in mountains behind Rio de Janeiro after rain

● 1967 - Romeinse Curie installs Council for Pontifical Study commission

● 1968 - Explorer 36 (GEOS-B) launched into earth orbit (1080/1570 km)

● 1971 - 1st "Quickie" Divorce granted in UK

● 1972 - Abu Sayeed Chudhury becomes president & sheik Mujib ur-Rahman premier

● 1972 - East-Pakistan becomes independent state of Bangladesh

● 1973 - Pres. Nixon ends 17 month wage-price controls, unthinkable government interference in the market by the country's last truly liberal president. {He also hoped to get some of the heat of Watergate off himself with this move.}

● 1973 - Beginning of the Watergate burglars trial.

● 1973 - First Open University degrees awarded; The first graduates from the Open University are awarded their degrees after two years studying from home.

● 1974 - The world's first surviving set of sextuplets are born to Susan Rosenkowitz in Cape Town, South Africa.

● 1975 - CIA assassinates two Puerto Rican independence activists, Luis Chavonnier and Eddie Ramos, also killing a six-year-old child and injuring ten others.

● 1975 - Soyuz 17 carries 2 cosmonauts to space station Salyut 4

● 1976 - Military coup in Ecuador, President Guillermo Lara leaves

● 1977 - France set off an international uproar by releasing Abu Daoud, a Palestinian suspected of involvement in the massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics.

● 1977 - Bollingen Prize awarded to David Ignatow

● 1978 - Governor Askew dedicates the RCUC solar office building

● 1978 - Soyuz 27 links with Salyut 6 & Soyuz 26 (1st time 3 spacecraft link)

● 1980 - Nigel Short, 14, is the youngest chess player to be awarded the degree of International Master.

● 1981 - Embattled El Salvadoran junta imposes dawn-to-dusk curfew. The Farabundo Marti Front for National Liberation (FMLN) launches a general offensive. In two days the guerrillas' political arm will call for a general strike. By January 15, about half the shops in the capital city, San Salvador, will be closed and 20,000 government workers will walk out. U.S. military assistance and advisors follow shortly.

● 1981 - British team led by Ranulph Fiennes completes longest & fastest crossing of Antarctica, reaching Scott base after 75 days (2,500 miles)

● 1981 - Palau adopts constitution

● 1982 - Atlanta GA's temperature goes below zeroº F

● 1982 - Honduras adopts constitution

● 1982 - A cold snap sends temperatures to record lows in dozens of cities throughout the Midwestern United States.

● 1984 - STS 41-B vehicle moves to launch pad

● 1984 - Supreme Court reinstated $10M award to Karen Silkwood's family

● 1986 - First African American Lieutenant Governor since reconstruction sworn in. Douglas Wilder of Virginia later becomes governor and briefly runs for president.

● 1986 - The Gateway Bridge, Brisbane in Queensland, Australia is officially opened.

● 1987 - John Elway leads the Denver Broncos to victory over the Cleveland Browns in the AFC Championship game in a game forever known as "The Drive".

● 1988 - U.S. Vice President George Bush met with representatives of independent counsel Lawrence E. Walsh to answer questions about the Iran-Contra affair.

● 1988 - USSR announces it will participate in the Seoul Summer Olympics

● 1989 - 140 nations agree to ban chemical weapons (poison gas, etc)

● 1989 - Kindergarten student caught with loaded handgun at Bronx school

● 1990 - 300,000 march in favor of Lithuanian independence.

● 1991 - An auction of silver and paintings that had been acquired by the late Ferdinand Marcos and his wife, Imelda, brought in a total of $20.29 million at Christie's in New York.

● 1991 - Congress empowers Bush to order attack on Iraq

● 1991 - Soviets storm buildings in Vilnius to block Lithuania independence

● 1992 - Algeria's President Chadli announces his resignation

● 1992 - Paul Simon is the first major artist to tour South Africa after the end of the cultural boycott.

● 1993 - BA dirty tricks against Virgin cost £3m; British Airways ends one of the most bitter and protracted libel actions in aviation history in a humiliating climb-down.

● 1993 - Independent presidential candidate Ross Perot publicly returns to politics

● 1994 - Irish Government announces the end of a 15-year broadcasting ban on the IRA and its political arm Sinn Féin

● 1995 - The WB Television Network begins operations.

● 1995 - DC-9 crashes near Maria La Baya, Colombia 51 die, 9 yr old girl lives

● 1996 - Ryutaro Hashimoto become Japan's prime minister. He replaced Tomiichi Murayama who had resigned on January 5, 1996.

● 1996 - Haiti becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.

● 1996 - Space Shuttle STS 72 (Endeavour 10), launches into space

● 1997 - Telstar 401 Satellite Fails

● 1998 - Twenty-five thousand occupy Namada dam site in Western India, a World- Bank funded megaproject slated to submerge 61 villages.

● 1998 - 100 die in massacre in Algeria; Islamic extremists are blamed for the deaths of 100 people in two villages in Algeria.

● 2000 - The merger between AOL and Time Warner was approved by the U.S. government with restrictions.

● 2000 - Seven missing in Irish Sea; Seven young fishermen are feared drowned off the Scottish coast after the disappearance of their scallop dredger in force nine gales.

● 2000 - The U.S. Postal Service unveiled the second Vietnam Veterans Memorial commemorative stamp in a ceremony at The Wall.

● 2001 - The Army acknowledged that U.S. soldiers killed an ''unknown number'' of South Korean refugees early in the Korean War at No Gun Ri.

● 2001 - The Texas Board of Criminal Justice released a review of the escape of the "Texas 7." It stated that prison staff missed critical opportunities to prevent the escape by ignoring a fire alarm, not reporting unsupervised inmates and not demanding proper identification from inmates.

● 2001 - The Federal Trade Commission approved the merger of AOL and Time Warner to form AOL Time Warner.

● 2002 - Thomas Junta, 44, was convicted of involuntary manslaughter for beating another man to death at their son's hockey practice. The incident occurred on July 5, 2000.

● 2003 - Calling the death penalty process ''arbitrary and capricious, and therefore immoral,'' Illinois Gov. George Ryan commuted the sentences of 167 condemned inmates, clearing his state's death row two days before leaving office.

● 2003 - Ford Motor Co. announced it was eliminating 35,000 jobs, closing five plants and dropping four models.

● 2005 - Black Tuesday bushfires swept across the southern Eyre Peninsula in South Australia.

● 2006 - A Georgian court convicted a man of trying to assassinate President Bush and Georgian President Mikhail Saakashvili with a grenade in Tbilisi on May 10, 2005, and sentenced him to life in prison.

BIRTHS

● 1322 - Emperor Komyo of Japan (d. 1380)

● 1359 - Emperor Go-En'yu of Japan (d. 1393)

● 1503 - Parmigianino, Italian artist (d. 1540)

● 1591 - Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, English Civil War general (d. 1646)

● 1630 - John Rogers, American President of Harvard in the US (d. 1684)

● 1671 - François-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie, French military leader (d. 1745)

● 1723 - Prithvi Narayan Shah, began the unification of modern Nepal (d. 1774)

● 1755(57? NYT) - Alexander Hamilton, 1st United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1804)

● 1757 - Samuel Bentham, English mechanical engineer (d. 1831)

● 1800 - Anyos Jedlik, Hungarian physicist (d. 1895)

● 1807 - Ezra Cornell, American businessman and university founder (d. 1874)

● 1814 - Sir James Paget, English surgeon/physiologist (d. 1899)

● 1815 - John A. Macdonald, 1st Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1891)

● 1842 - William James, American psychologist and philosopher (d. 1910)

● 1845 - Albert Victor Bäcklund, Swedish physicist (d. 1912)

● 1852 - Konstantin Fehrenbach, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1926)

● 1856 - Christian Sinding, Norwegian composer (d. 1941)

● 1858 - Harry Gordon Selfridge, American retailer (d. 1947)

● 1859 - Lord George Nathaniel Curzon, British statesman, Viceroy of India (d. 1925)

● 1864 - Thomas Dixon, American dramatist/legislator (d. 1946)

● 1868 - Cai Yuanpei, Chinese educator (d. 1940)

● 1870 - Alice H. Rice, American novelist (d. 1942)

● 1873 - John Callan O'Laughlin, American political and military figure and journalist (d. 1949)

● 1875 - Reinhold Glière, Russian composer (d. 1956)

● 1876 - Elmer Flick, American baseball player (d. 1971)

● 1885 - Jack Hoxie, American actor, rodeo performer (d. 1965)

● 1885 - Alice Paul, American women's rights activist (d. 1977)

● 1887 - Aldo Leopold, American ecologist (d. 1948)

● 1890 - Oswald de Andrade, Brazilian author (d.1954)

● 1895 - Laurens Hammond, American inventor/businessman

● 1897 - August Heissmeyer, German SS officer (d. 1979)

● 1899 - Eva Le Gallienne, English/Am. actress/producer (d. 1991)

● 1902 - Maurice Duruflé, French composer (d. 1986)

● 1903 - Alan Paton, South African writer (d. 1988)

● 1906 - Albert Hofmann, Swiss chemist

● 1907 - Pierre Mendès-France, French politician (d. 1982)

● 1908 - Lionel Stander, American actor (d. 1994)

● 1911 - Zenko Suzuki, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2004)

● 1916 - Bernard Blier, French actor (d. 1989)

● 1917 - John Robarts, Canadian politician, Premier of Ontario (d. 1982)

● 1921 - Juanita M. Kreps, former U.S. Secretary of Commerce

● 1921 - Gory Guerrero, wrestler (d. 1990)

● 1923 - Carroll Shelby, American automobile designer

● 1924 - Roger Guillemin, French neuroendocrinologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

● 1924 - Sam B. Hall, American politician (d. 1994)

● 1924 - Slim Harpo, American musician (d. 1970)

● 1924 - Don Cherry, American singer and golfer

● 1925 - Grant Tinker, American television executive

● 1926 - Lev Demin, cosmonaut (d. 1998)

● 1928 - David L. Wolper, American television producer

● 1930 - Rod Taylor, Australian actor

● 1932 - Alfonso Arau, Mexican film director

● 1934 - Mitchell Ryan, Actor

● 1934 - Jean Chrétien, 20th Prime Minister of Canada

● 1937 - Felix Silla, Actor

● 1938 - Fischer Black, American economist (d. 1995)

● 1938 - Arthur Scargill, Socialist Labour Party (UK) leader

● 1939 - Anne Heggtveit, Canadian alpine skier

● 1941 - Gérson, Brazilian football player

● 1942 - Joel Zwick, Director

● 1942 - Clarence Clemons, American musician (E Street Band)

● 1943 - Jim Hightower, American radio host and author

● 1944 - John Piper, American theologian

● 1944 - Shibu Soren, Indian politician

● 1944- Mohammed Abed Elhai ,Sudanese writer and academic (d.1989).

● 1945 - Christine Kaufmann, German-Austrian actress

● 1946 - Naomi Judd, American singer

● 1946 - Tony Kaye, British keyboard player (Yes)

● 1952 - Ben Crenshaw, American golfer

● 1952 - Lee Ritenour, musician and composer

● 1953 - John Sessions, Scottish actor

● 1956 - Robert Earl Keen, American singer

● 1957 - Bryan Robson, English footballer and manager

● 1958 - Vicki Peterson, American musician (The Bangles)

● 1959 - Rob Ramage, National Hockey League defenceman

● 1961 - Jasper Fforde, British author

● 1962 - Kim Coles, Actress

● 1962 - Susan Lindauer, American peace activist and accused spy

● 1963 - Jason Connery, Actor

● 1963 - Dean Reynolds, English snooker player

● 1966 - Marc Acito, American novelist and humorist

● 1966 - Kelley Law, Canadian curler

● 1968 - Tom Dumont, American musician (No Doubt)

● 1969 - Maxee Maxwell, R&B singer

● 1969 - Manny Acta, baseball player

● 1969 - Kyle Richards, American actress

● 1970 - Chris Jent, American basketball player and coach

● 1971 - Tom Rowlands, Rock musician (The Chemical Brothers)

● 1971 - Mary J. Blige, American singer

● 1972 - Marc Blucas, American actor

● 1972 - Amanda Peet, American actress ("Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip")

● 1972 - Luís Delgado, Angolan footballer

● 1973 - Rahul Dravid, Indian cricketer

● 1974 - Rockmond Dunbar, Actor (''Prison Break'')

● 1974 - Jens Nowotny, German footballer

● 1974 - Cody McKay, baseball player

● 1975 - Rory Fitzpatrick, American ice hockey player

● 1977 - Shomari Buchanan, American football player ,Adam Balest, American Visionary Artist, Musician and Poet

● 1978 - Emile Heskey, English footballer

● 1978 - Michael Duff, Northern Irish footballer

● 1979 - Siti Nurhaliza, Malaysian singer

● 1980 - Mike Williams, American football player

● 1980 - Deanna Wright, American actress

● 1982 - Son Ye-jin, South Korean actress

● 1983 - Adrian Sutil, German racing driver

● 1985 - Rie fu, Japanese singer

● 1987 - Scotty Cranmer, American professional BMX rider

DEATHS

● 314 - St. Miltiades

● 705 - John VI

● 812 - Stauracius, Byzantine Emperor

● 844 - Michael I Rhangabes, Byzantine Emperor

● 1055 - Constantine IX Monomachos, Byzantine Emperor

● 1494 - Domenico Ghirlandaio, Italian artist (b. 1449)

● 1495 - Pedro González de Mendoza, Spanish cardinal and statesman (b. 1428)

● 1641 - Juan Martínez de Jáuregui y Aguilar, Spanish poet (b. 1583)

● 1696 - Charles Albanel, French missionary explorer in Canada (b. 1616)

● 1703 - Johann Georg Graevius, German classical scholar and critic (b. 1632)

● 1713 - Pierre Jurieu, French Protestant leader (b. 1637)

● 1762 - Louis-François Roubiliac, French sculptor (b. 1695)

● 1763 - Caspar Abel, German theologian, historian, and poet (b. 1676)

● 1771 - Jean-Baptiste de Boyer, Marquis d'Argens, French writer (b. 1704)

● 1791 - William Williams Pantycelyn, Welsh hymnist (b. 1717)

● 1801 - Domenico Cimarosa, Italian composer (b. 1749)

● 1836 - John Molson, Canadian brewer (b. 1763)

● 1843 - Francis Scott Key, American lawyer and writer of the National Anthem (b. 1779)

● 1882 - Theodor Schwann, German physiologist (b. 1810)

● 1901 - Vasily Kalinnikov, Russian composer (b. 1866)

● 1902 - Johnny Briggs, English cricketer (b. 1862)

● 1905 - Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter, Hasidic rabbi (b. 1847)

● 1923 - King Constantine I of Greece (b. 1868)

● 1928 - Thomas Hardy, English writer (b. 1840)

● 1931 - James Milton Carroll, American Baptist pastor, leader, historian, and author (b. 1852)

● 1941 - Emanuel Lasker, German chess player (b. 1868)

● 1954 - Oscar Straus, Austrian composer (b. 1870)

● 1958 - Edna Purviance, American actress (b. 1895)

● 1966 - Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor (b. 1901)

● 1966 - Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish runner (b. 1889)

● 1968 - Isidor Isaac Rabi, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)

● 1970 - Richmal Crompton, British author (b. 1890)

● 1978 - Ibn-e-Insha, Pakistani humorist and Urdu poet (b. 1927)

● 1979 - Jack Soo, American actor (b. 1917)

● 1980 - Barbara Pym, English novelist (b. 1913)

● 1981 - Beulah Bondi, American actress (b. 1888)

● 1983 - Shri Ghanshyam Das Birla, Indian industrialist and educator (b. 1894)

● 1988 - Gregory "Pappy" Boyington, American WW II Marine aviator (b. 1912)

● 1988 - Florence Knapp, one-time oldest person in the world (b. 1873)

● 1991 - Carl David Anderson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)

● 1998 - Klaus Tennstedt, German conductor (b. 1926)

● 1999 - Fabrizio de André, Italian singer (b. 1940)

● 1999 - Brian Moore, Irish-born writer (b. 1921)

● 2000 - Ivan Combe, American inventor (b. 1911)

● 2000 - Bob Lemon, American baseball player (b. 1920)

● 2001 - Sir Denys Lasdun, English architect (b. 1914)

● 2002 - Henri Verneuil, French playwright and film director (b. 1920)

● 2003 - Mickey Finn, English drummer (T. Rex) (b. 1947)

● 2003 - Maurice Pialat, French actor and director (b. 1925)

● 2003 - Richard Simmons, American actor (b. 1913)

● 2005 - Spencer Dryden, American drummer (Jefferson Airplane) (b. 1938)

● 2005 - James Griffin, American musician (Bread) (b. 1943)

● 2005 - Miriam Hyde, Australian composer (b. 1913)

● 2005 - Fabrizio Meoni Italian motorcyclist (b. 1957)

● 2006 - Nixzmary Brown, American child abuse victim (b. 1998)

● 2007 - Robert Anton Wilson, American author, fnord (b. 1932)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic:
● St. Alexander
● St. Anastasius X
● St. Boadin
● St. Brandan
● St. Vitalis of Gaza
● St. Theodosius
● St. Theodosius of Antioch
● St. Theodosius the Cenobiarch
● St. Salvius
● Sts. Ethenea and Fidelmia
● St. Honorata
● St. Hyginus, 9th Pope (c 136-c 140), martyr
● St. Leucius of Brindisi
● St. Palaemon
● Sts. Paldo, Tato, and Taso
● Sts. Peter, Severus and Leucius

● Eastern (Byzantine) Catholic:
● Venerable Theodosius

● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for December 29 (Civil Date: January 11)
● Afterfeast of the Nativity of Christ.
● The 14,000 Infants (Holy Innocents) slain by Herod at Bethlehem
● St. Marcellus, abbot of the Monastery of the Unsleeping Ones.
● St. Thaddaeus, confessor, of the Studion.
● St. Benjamin, monk of Nitria in Egypt.
● St. Athenodorus, disciple of St. Pachomius the Great.
● St. George, Bishop of Nicomedia.
● St. Mark the Grave digger of the Kiev Caves.
● Saints Theophilus and John of the Kiev Caves.
● St. Theophilus of Luga and Omutch.
● Commemoration of all Orthodox Christians who died from hunger, thirst, the sword, and freezing.
● Repose of Elder Basiliscus of Siberia (1824).

● Roman Empire - First day of Carmentalia in honor of Carmenta

● Albania - Republic Day (1946)

● Morocco - Independence Resistance Day

● Nepal - Unity Day

● Chad : Independence Day (1960)

● Puerto Rico : De Hostos' Birthday (1839)

● This Holiday is only applicable on a given "day of the week"
● Switzerland : Meitlisunntig Festival-Woman in Villmergen War (1712) - ( Sunday )


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

On This Day Website

Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.

Scope Systems Any Day Website

Roman Catholic Saint of the Day

Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar

Permanent Backlink to Post