December 4......

December 4 is the 338th day of the year (339th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 27 days remaining in the year on this date.

EVENTS

● 771 - Austrasian King Carloman dies, leaving his brother Charlemagne King of the now complete Frankish Kingdom.

● 1110 - Syria harbor city Saida (Sidon) surrenders to Crusaders of the first crusade

● 1154 - Adrian IV, 54, was elected to the papacy. Born Nicholas Breakspear, near St. Albans, England, he was the only Englishman ever elevated to the office of pope.

● 1197 - Crusaders wound Rabbi Elezar ben Judah

● 1259 - Kings Louis IX of France and Henry III of England agree to the Treaty of Paris, in which Henry renounces his claims to French-controlled territory on continental Europe (including Normandy) in exchange for Louis withdrawing his support for English rebels.

● 1489 - Battle of Baza-Spanish army captures Baza from the Moors

● 1534 - Turkish sultan Suleiman occupies Baghdad

● 1563 - The final session of the Council of Trent is held (it opened on December 13, 1545).

● 1619 - 38 colonists from Berkeley Parish in England disembark in Virginia and give thanks to God (this is considered by many to be the first Thanksgiving in the Americas).

● 1639 - Jeremiah Horrocks made the first observation of a transit of Venus. (November 24 under the Julian calendar.)

● 1644 - 1st European peace congress opens in Münster

● 1655 - Middelburg Netherlands forbids building of synagogue

● 1665 - Jean Racine's "Alexandre le Grand" premieres in Paris

● 1674 - French Jesuit missionary Jacques Marquette erected a mission on the shores of Lake Michigan, in present_day Illinois. His log cabin became the first building of a settlement that afterward grew to become the city of Chicago.

● 1676 - Battle of Lund: A Danish army under the command of King Christian V of Denmark engages the Swedish army commanded by Field Marshal Simon Grundel-Helmfelt.

● 1680 - Hen in Rome lays an egg imprinted with comet not seen until Dec 16th

● 1682 - 1st General Assembly in Pennsylvania (Chester)

● 1688 - General strategist John Churchill joins with Willem III

● 1691 - Emperor Leopold I takes control of Transsylvania

● 1691 - Spanish king Carlos II names Maximilian II viceroy of South Netherlands

● 1745 - Bonnie Prince Charles reaches Derby

● 1783 - General Washington bids officers farewell at Fraunce's Tavern, New York NY

● 1791 - Britain's Observer, oldest Sunday newspaper in world, 1st published

● 1798 - Rebellious Flemish farmers occupy Hasselt

● 1809 - The International Bible Society was founded in New York City as an interdenominational agency for translating, producing and distributing the Scriptures. The I.B.S. has since distributed the Bible to over 150 countries in the world.

● 1812 - Peter Gaillard of Lancaster PA patents a horse-drawn mower

● 1816 - James Monroe (VA), elected 5th President, defeating Federalist Rufus King

● 1829 - In the face of fierce opposition, British governor Lord William Bentinck carries a regulation declaring that all who abetted suttee in India were guilty of culpable homicide.

● 1832 - French army begins bombing citadel of Antwerp

● 1833 - American Anti-Slavery Society formed by Arthur Tappan in Philadelphia

● 1836 - Whig party holds its 1st national convention, Harrisburg PA

● 1838 - The Buckshot War. Angry mob assembles in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania when both Whigs and Democrats claim a majority in Pennsylvania House of Representatives. Militia, equipped with buckshot, appear on the scene. A few Whig votes hastily changed to Democratic, and the "war" was over.

● 1843 - Manila paper (made from sails, canvas & rope) patented, Massachusetts

● 1843 - Robert Schumann's "Das Paradies und die Peri" premieres in Leipzig

● 1844 - James K Polk elected 11th President of US, George M Dallas Vice President

● 1851 - President Louis Napolean Boaparte forces crush a coup d'etat in France

● 1854 - Birth of Mary Reed, American Methodist missionary. She died in 1943, having spent the last 52 years of her life ministering to the lepers of India.

● 1863 - Storm flood ravages Nethe coastal provinces

● 1864 - Romanian Jews are forbidden to practice law

● 1864 - American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea - At Waynesboro, Georgia, forces under Union General Judson Kilpatrick prevent troops led by Confederate General Joseph Wheeler from interfering with Union General William T. Sherman's campaign destroying a wide swath of the South on his march to the Atlantic Ocean from Atlanta (Union forces did suffer more than three times the Confederate casualties, however).

● 1865 - Mississippi becomes the only state to reject ratification of the 13th Amendment, prohibiting slavery. However, two days later Georgia would become the last needed state to ratify the amendment anyway. Mississippi eventually did ratify the 13th Amendment -- in 1995.

● 1867 - Former Minnesota farmer Oliver Hudson Kelley founds the Order of the Patrons of Husbandry (better known today as the Grange movement).

● 1872 - The crewless American ship Mary Celeste is found by the British brig Dei Gratia (the ship was abandoned for 9 days but was only slightly damaged).

● 1875 - Notorious New York City politician Boss Tweed escapes from prison and flees to Cuba, then Spain.

● 1878 - Spain: Execution of Juan Oliva Moncasi, a young worker in Tarragone (Catalonia). Tried to kill King Alphonse XII in Madrid, October 25, 1878, and refused a commutation of his death sentence.

● 1881 - The Los Angeles Times is first published.

● 1886 - Birth of Andre Colomer, Cerbore (Catalonia). Poet, anarchist, and finally a Communist. Fled the country during WWI, refusing military service. In 1927, he broke with anarchism, to become a "true Communist" (only a few years before he had denounced the Bolshevik dictatorship). Moved to the U.S.S.R. and died there in 1931.

● 1889 - Stanley's expedition reaches Bagamoyo in Indian Ocean

● 1890 - Willem III, Dutch king, buried

● 1892 - Francisco Franco, Spanish dictator who overthrew the democratic republic and headed an authoritarian regime in Spain for 36 years, was born.

● 1893 - Birth of Herbert Read, Yorkshire. English poet, art critic, anarchist, political philosopher, man of letters, assistant conservator of Victoria & Albert Museum of London, professor of fine arts in Edinburgh and various English universities. Accepted a knighthood, which caused much consternation and ridicule among the anarchist movement. Died in 1968.

● 1899 - 56th Congress (1899-1901) convenes

● 1899 - Webb Hayes son of President Rutherford Hayes receives medal of honor

● 1901 - Anne Russell's "Girl & The Judge" premieres in New York NY

● 1905 - British government of Balfour resigns

● 1906 - National Federation of Postal Clerks chartered.

● 1906 - Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., the first intercollegiate Greek-letter fraternity in the United States established for men of African descent, was founded at Cornell University.

● 1908 - Haiti's President General Alexis Nord flees from military coup

● 1914 - Zapata meets with Villa and agrees to join forces to occupy Mexico City two days later.

● 1915 - Panamá-Pacific International Exposition closes in San Francisco CA (Opened February 20 1915)

● 1915 - F F Fletcher is 1st admiral to receive Congressional Medal of Honor

● 1915 - Ku Klux Klan receives charter from Fulton County GA

● 1918 - Kingdom of Serbs, Croats & Slovenes (Yugoslavia) proclaimed

● 1918 - President Wilson sails for Versailles Peace Conference in France, 1st chief executive to travel outside US while in office

● 1921 - The Virginia Rappe manslaughter trial against Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle ends in a hung jury.

● 1922 - Lucille Atcherson, becomes 1st woman legation secretary-US foreign service

● 1930 - French government of Tardieu falls

● 1930 - Vatican approves rhythm method for birth control

● 1933 - FDR creates Federal Alcohol Control Administration

● 1935 - 1,200 at St Joseph's College (Philadelphia) enroll in anticommunism class

● 1941 - Nazi ordinances places Jews of Poland outside protection of courts

● 1942 - Holocaust: In Warsaw, Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Wanda Filipowicz set up the Żegota organization.

● 1942 - 1st US citizenship granted an alien on foreign soil (James Hoey)

● 1942 - US President Franklin D. Roosevelt closes down the Works Progress Administration, because of the high levels of wartime employment in the United States.

● 1942 - US bombers struck Italian mainland for 1st time in WWII

● 1943 - Baseball Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis announced that any club was free to employ black players.

● 1943 - 2nd conference of Caïro: FDR, Churchill & Turkish President Inönü

● 1943 - Yugoslavian resistance forms provisionary government under Dr Ribar

● 1944 - Germans destroy Rhine dikes, Betuwe flooded

● 1945 - By a vote of 65 to 7, the United States Senate approves United States participation in the United Nations (the UN was established on October 24, 1945). With only 72 of 96 senators voting this sure seemed like an issue none really wanted to take a stand.

● 1948 - SS Kiangya hits mine in Whangpoo River China, sinks killing 2,750 die

● 1951 - Mir Waiz Maulvi Muhammad Yusouf appointed President of Azad Kashmir Government.

● 1951 - Superheated gases roll down Mount Catarman (Philippines), kills 500

● 1952 - Great Smog of 1952: A cold fog descends upon London, combining with air pollution and killing at least 12,000 in the weeks and months that follow. "Smog" becomes a word.

● 1952 - Walter P Reuther chosen chairman of CIO

● 1955 - Manager Alfrink installed as archbishop of Utrecht

● 1956 - During a Carl Perkins recording session also involving Jerry Lee Lewis and Johnny Cash at Sun Records in Memphis, Tennessee, Elvis Presley visits the studio and jams with Perkins and Lewis extensively with the tape recorders rolling. (Cash reportedly participates briefly in the jam before leaving the studio with his wife and daughter.) The four men become known as the Million Dollar Quartet, and the complete tape from this legendary session is eventually released on compact disc (CD) in 1987.

● 1957 - 2 commuter trains collide in heavy fog killing 92 (St John's England)

● 1958 - Dahomey (Benin), Ivory Coast become autonomous within French Community

● 1958 - Finnish government of Fagerholm, resigns

● 1959 - A monkey returns to Earth safely, after being launched 55 miles high into outer space by the United States space program.

● 1961 - Museum of Modern Art hangs Matisse's Le Bateau upside down for 47 days

● 1961 - Birth control pill available to all; Women who wish to take oral contraception may do so on the British National Health Service.

● 1961 - Tanganyika becomes the 104th member of the UN

● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site

● 1963 - Aldo Moro forms Italian government

● 1963 - Pope Paul VI closes 2nd session of 2nd Vatican Council

● 1964 - Nine hundred students boycott classes at Berkeley, during Free Speech Movement. A small movement is about to explode (in three days) on campus.

● 1964 - Beatles release "Beatles For Sale" album

● 1965 - The U.S. launched Gemini 7 with Air Force Lt. Col. Frank Borman and Navy Comdr. James A. Lovell on board.

● 1965 - "Roar of the Greasepaint" closes at Shubert NYC after 232 performances

● 1965 - 2 passenger planes collide above Danbury CT, 4 die

● 1966 - Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth wrote in a letter: 'The good Lord, in spite of reports to the contrary, is not dead.'

● 1967 - Vietnam War: US and South Vietnamese forces engage Viet Cong troops in the Mekong Delta. (But this happened all the time.)

● 1967 - National draft-card turn-in.

● 1967 - Martin Luther King, Jr. announces Poor People's Campaign in Washington D.C., to start in late Spring 1968.

● 1968 - 264 arrested at military induction center in New York City at War Reisters League civil disobedience action.

● 1969 - Black Panther activists Fred Hampton (21), Mark Clark (22), and two others murdered in their beds by Chicago police. This makes at least 19 Panther leaders (they claim 28) killed in the past 18 months.

● 1969 - Surfer Greg Noll rides a 65-foot high wave off the North Shore of Oahu, still the highest ocean surfing ever recorded.

● 1969 - Pres. Richard Nixon, Vice-President Spiro T. Agnew, and 40 U.S. governors embark on a magical mystery fact-finding mission to discover the causes of the generation gap. They view films of "simulated acid trips" and listen to hours of "anti-establishment rock music."

● 1970 - Cesar Chavez jailed for 20 days for refusing to call off United Farm Workers lettuce boycott, Salinas, California.

● 1970 - Unemployment in US increases to 5.8%

● 1971 - Bomb demolishes crowded Belfast pub; At least 10 people die and 17 are injured after a bomb explodes in McGurk's Bar, a crowded Catholic pub in Belfast.

● 1971 - UN Security Council calls emergency session to consider deteriorating situation between India and Pakistan.

● 1971 - Attack on Pakistan Navy and Karachi by the Indian Navy.

● 1971 - The Montreux Casino in Switzerland is set ablaze by someone wielding a flare gun during a Frank Zappa concert; the incident would be noted in the Deep Purple song "Smoke on the Water".

● 1973 - Dave Dellinger, Jerry Rubin, and Abbie Hoffman of the Chicago Seven, and their attorney William Kunstler, found guilty of contempt charges levied at them by Judge Hoffman, but given no further sentence. Rennie Davis, Tom Hayden, and attorney Leonard Weinglass acquitted of contempt charges.

● 1974 - Dutch DC-8 charter crashes in Sri Lanka killing 191 Moslem pilgrims

● 1974 - Jean-Paul Sartre visits RAF leader Andreas Baader in prison

● 1975 - 6 South Molukkans occupy Indonesian consulate in The Hague, 1 dead

● 1975 - Critic of totalitarianism Hannah Arendt dies.

● 1976 - 'Genius' composer Benjamin Britten dies; Tributes are being paid to a modest and "brilliant" composer who died today.

● 1977 - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, president of the Central African Republic, crowns himself Emperor Bokassa I of the Central African Empire in a ceremony believed to have cost more than $100 million. He was deposed 2 years later.

● 1977 - Malaysia Airlines Flight 653 is hijacked and crashes in Tanjong Kupang, Johor, killing 100.

● 1978 - Following the murder of Mayor George Moscone, Dianne Feinstein becomes San Francisco, California's first woman mayor (she served until January 8, 1988).

● 1978 - Pioneer Venus 1 goes into orbit around Venus

● 1978 - Dutch War criminal Pieter Menten freed

● 1979 - For the second time, the United Nations Security Council voted unanimously to urge Iran to free American hostages that had been taken on November 4.

● 1979 - The Hastie fire in Hull, kills three schoolboys and eventually leads police to arrest Bruce George Peter Lee.

● 1980 - 2 months after death of drummer John Bonham, Led Zeppelin breaks up

● 1980 - The bodies of four American nuns slain in El Salvador two days earlier were unearthed. Five national guardsmen were later convicted of the murders.

● 1980 - United Nations agrees to establish University of Peace (and shortwave radio station Radio Peace International) in Costa Rica.

● 1980 - First U.S. patent granted to developers of gene splicing method.

● 1981 - According to South Africa, Ciskei gains independence; Not recognized as an independent country outside South Africa

● 1981 - Pres. Ronald Reagan authorizes CIA to conduct domestic surveillance. The CIA charter originally banned domestic surveillance.

● 1982 - The People's Republic of China adopts its current constitution.

● 1982 - Police & racist demonstrators clash in Antwerp

● 1983 - IRA gunmen shot dead in SAS ambush; Police are searching for an IRA gunman who escaped as two of his colleagues were shot dead by the SAS.

● 1983 - U.S. jet fighters struck Syrian anti-aircraft positions in Lebanon in retaliation for attacks directed at American reconnaissance planes. Navy Lt. Robert O. Goodman Jr. was shot down and captured by Syria.

● 1984 - A five-day hijack drama began as four men seized a Kuwaiti airliner en route to Pakistan and forced it to land in Tehran. Four passengers including two Americans were killed by the hijackers.

● 1985 - President Reagan appoints Vice Admiral John Poindexter as security adviser

● 1985 - French President Mitterrand receives Polish leader Jaruzelski

● 1986 - Hundreds of thousands of French students march against Chirac's higher education bill.

● 1986 - Both U.S. houses of Congress moved to establish special committees to conduct their own investigations of the Iran-Contra affair.

● 1986 - NASA launches Fltsatcom-7

● 1987 - Five days after the end of a similar standoff in Louisiana, Cuban prisoners at a federal detention center in Atlanta surrender 11 days after commandeering the prison. Federal authorities agreed to grant a fair review of each Cuban's case before deportation.

● 1988 - The government of Argentina announced that hundreds of heavily armed soldiers had ended a four-day military revolt.

● 1988 - Actor Gary Busey critically injured in motorcycle crash

● 1988 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR

● 1990 - Due to Persian Gulf crisis gas hits $1.60 per gallon price in New York NY

● 1990 - Iraq announces it will release all 3,300 Soviet hostages

● 1991 - Twenty-two-month vigil begins outside home of war tax resisters Betsy Corner and Randy Kehler in Colrain, Massachusetts, after it is seized by the Internal Revenue Service. The home was eventually returned in 1995 to the land trust that had previously owned it.

● 1991 - In a gesture that renders the phrase "Too Little, Too Late" pitifully inadequate, Congress declares 1992 to be the "Year of the Indian."

● 1991 - Muslim Shiites release last US hostage Terry Anderson (held 6 1/2 years) in Beirut. He was the last and longest-held American hostage in Lebanon.

● 1991 - Pan American World Airways ceased operations

● 1991 - Patricia Bowman testifies that William Kennedy Smith raped her

● 1992 - Somali Civil War: President George H. W. Bush orders 28,000 US troops to Somalia, east Africa.

● 1993 - Rock musician and composer Frank Zappa died at age 52

● 1993 - The Angolan government and its UNITA guerrilla foes formally adopted terms for a truce. The conflict was killing an estimated 1,000 people per day.

● 1994 - Bosnian Serbs released 53 out of about 400 UN peacekeepers they were holding as insurance against further NATO airstrikes.

● 1995 - Earth First!ers invade and trash Whatley Quarry, causing major monetary damage.

● 1995 - The first NATO troops landed in the Balkans to begin setting up a peace mission.

● 1996 - NASA's 1st Mars rover launched from Cape Canaveral

● 1997 - The play revival "The Diary of Anne Frank" opened.

● 1997 - The National Basketball Association (NBA) suspended Latrell Sprewell of the Golden State Warriors for one year for choking and threatening to kill his coach, P.J. Carlesimo.

● 1998 - The Unity Module, the second module of the International Space Station, is launched.

● 2000 - A Florida state judge refused to overturn Republican presidential candidate George W. Bush's certified victory in Florida, and the U.S. Supreme Court set aside a ruling that had allowed manual recounts.

● 2000 - O.J. Simpson was involved in an incident with another motorist in Miami, FL. Simpson was accused of scratching the other motorists face while pulling off the man's glasses.

● 2001 - The United States froze the financial assets of organizations allegedly linked to the terrorist group Hamas.

● 2001 - Lisa Beamer, wife of Todd Beamer, through the Todd M. Beamer Foundation, registers the trademark "Let's Roll" with the United States Patent and Trademark Office less than three months after his death in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States.

● 2001 - O.J. Simpson's home in Florida was raided by the FBI in an ongoing two year international investigation into drug trafficking, satellite service pilfering and money laundering. Some satellite equipment was taken from Simpson's home and no drugs were found.

● 2003 - US pulls back from steel trade war; The United States withdraws a punitive tax on imported steel to avoid a damaging trade war between America and Europe.

● 2005 - Tens of thousands of people in Hong Kong protest for democracy and call on the Government to allow universal and equal suffrage.

BIRTHS

● 1555 - Heinrich Meibom, German historian and poet (d. 1625)

● 1580 - Samuel Argall, English adventurer and naval officer (d. 1626)

● 1585 - John Cotton, American Puritan leader (d. 1652)

● 1595 - Jean Chapelain, French writer (d. 1674)

● 1612 - Samuel Butler, English poet (d. 1680)

● 1660 - André Campra, French composer (d. 1744)

● 1670 - John Aislabie, English politician (d. 1742)

● 1713 - Gasparo Gozzi, Italian critic and dramatist (d. 1786)

● 1777 - Madame Récamier, French writer (d. 1849)

● 1795 - Thomas Carlyle, British writer and historian (d. 1881)

● 1798 - Jules Armand Dufaure, French statesman (d. 1881)

● 1835 - Samuel Butler, British writer (d. 1902)

● 1840 - Crazy Horse, Oglala Sioux chief (d. 1877)

● 1844 - Franz Xavier Wernz, German Superior General of the Society of Jesus (d. 1914)

● 1849 - Crazy Horse, American Indian Chief (d. 1877)

● 1852 - Orest Khvolson, Russian physicist (d. 1934)

● 1861 - Lillian Russell, American singer and actress (d. 1922)

● 1866 (O.S.) - Wassily Kandinsky, Russian-born painter (d. 1944)

● 1868 - Jesse Burkett, Baseball player (d. 1953)

● 1875 - Rainer Maria Rilke, Austrian poet (d. 1926)

● 1875 - Joe Corbett, baseball player (d. 1945)

● 1881 - Erwin von Witzleben, German field marshal (d. 1944)

● 1892 - Francisco Franco, dictator of Spain (d. 1975)

● 1895 - Fung Yu-lan, Chinese philosopher (d. 1990)

● 1903 - Cornell Woolrich, American writer (d. 1968)

● 1908 - Alfred Hershey, American bacteriologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1997)

● 1910 - Alex North, American film music composer (d. 1991)

● 1912 - Pappy Boyington, American pilot (d. 1988)

● 1913 - Mark Robson, Canadian-born film director and producer (d. 1978)

● 1914 - Rudolf Hausner, Austrian artist (d. 1995)

● 1915 - Eddie Heywood, American jazz musician (d. 1989)

● 1916 - Ely Jacques Kahn, Jr., American writer (d. 1994)

● 1921 - Deanna Durbin, Canadian actress

● 1922 - Gérard Philipe, French actor (d. 1959)

● 1930 - Jim Hall, jazz guitarist

● 1930 - Ronnie Corbett, Scottish actor

● 1931 - Alex Delvecchio, Canadian hockey player

● 1931 - Wally George, American TV commentator (d. 2003)

● 1933 - Horst Buchholz, German-born actor (d. 2003)

● 1934 - Victor French, American actor (d. 1989)

● 1934 - Wink Martindale, American game show host

● 1937 - Max Baer, Jr., American actor

● 1938 - Yvonne Minton, Australian soprano

● 1939 - Freddy Cannon, American musician

● 1942 - Bob Mosley, Rock musician (Moby Grape)

● 1942 - Gemma Jones, British actress

● 1942 - Roh Tae-woo, President of South Korea

● 1944 - Chris Hillman, Rock singer-musician (The Byrds)

● 1944 - Dennis Wilson, American musician (The Beach Boys) (d. 1983)

● 1944 - Anna McGarrigle, Canadian folk music singer and songwriter

● 1945 - Roberta Bondar, Canadian astronaut

● 1948 - Johnny Lyon, Rock singer (Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes)

● 1949 - Jeff Bridges, American actor

● 1949 - Pamela Stephenson, actress

● 1951 - Patricia Wettig, Actress

● 1951 - Gary Rossington, Rock musician (Lynyrd Skynyrd)

● 1953 - Rick Middleton, Canadian ice hockey player

● 1954 - Tony Todd, American actor and producer

● 1955 - Brian Prout, Country musician (Diamond Rio)

● 1955 - Cassandra Wilson, Jazz singer

● 1955 - Dave Taylor, Canadian ice hockey player

● 1957 - Eric S. Raymond, American open source advocate

● 1958 - Steve Sailer, American political commentator

● 1959 - Bob Griffin, Rock musician (The BoDeans)

● 1959 - Christa Rothenburger, German speed skater and cyclist

● 1959 - Paul McGrath, Irish footballer

● 1960 - Glynis Nunn, Australian athlete

● 1960 - David Green, baseball player

● 1961 - Frank Reich, American football player

● 1962 - Vinnie Dombroski, Rock singer (Sponge)

● 1962 - Alexander Litvinenko, Russian ex-spy (d. 2006)

● 1963 - Sergei Bubka, Ukrainian pole vaulter

● 1964 - Chelsea Noble, Actress

● 1964 - Marisa Tomei, American actress

● 1965 - Álex de la Iglesia, Spanish film director

● 1966 - Fred Armisen, American actor and musician (''Saturday Night Live'')

● 1966 - Chris Shepherd, British film director

● 1969 - Lucas Radebe, South-African footballer

● 1969 - Jay-Z (Shawn Carter), American rapper

● 1970 - Sylvester Terkay, American professional wrestler

● 1972 - Nikki Tyler, American actress

● 1972 - Jassen Cullimore, National Hockey League defenseman

● 1973 - Tyra Banks, Model-TV host ("America's Next Top Model")

● 1973 - Steven Menzies, Australian rugby league player

● 1974 - Tadahito Iguchi, Japanese baseball player

● 1976 - Kristina Groves, Canadian speed skater

● 1978 - Kyle Lohse, baseball pitcher (Cincinnati Reds)

● 1981 - Lila McCann, Country singer

● 1982 - Ho-Pin Tung, Dutch-Chinese racing driver

● 1984 - Lindsay Felton, American actress

● 1986 - Martell Webster, American basketball player

● 1987 - Orlando Brown, Actor

DEATHS

● 765 - Jafar Sadiq, Shia Imam (b. 702)

● 771 - Carloman, King of the Franks (b. 751)

● 1075 - Archbishop Anno II of Cologne

● 1123 - Omar Khayyám, Persian poet, astronomer, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1048)

● 1214 - William I of Scotland

● 1270 - Theobald V of Champagne, King of Navarre

● 1334 - Pope John XXII (b. 1249)

● 1340 - Henry Burghersh, English bishop and chancellor (b. 1292)

● 1459 - Adolf VIII, Duke of Southern Jutland (b. 1401)

● 1576 - Rheticus, Austrian mathematician (b. 1514)

● 1585 - John Willock, Scottish reformer

● 1609 - Alexander Hume, Scottish poet

● 1642 - Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu, French statesman (b. 1585)

● 1649 - William Drummond of Hawthornden, Scottish poet (b. 1585)

● 1679 - Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher (b. 1588)

● 1680 - Thomas Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician, and theologian (b. 1616)

● 1696 - Empress Meisho of Japan (b. 1624)

● 1732 - John Gay, British playwright (b. 1685)

● 1798 - Luigi Galvani, Italian physicist (b. 1737)

● 1828 - Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1770)

● 1845 - Gregor MacGregor, British con-man

● 1902 - Charles Dow, American journalist (Dow Jones & Company - Wall Street Journal) (b. 1851)

● 1926 - Ivana Kobilca, Slovenian-born painter (b. 1861)

● 1933 - Stefan George, German poet (b. 1868)

● 1935 - Johan Halvorsen, Norwegian composer (b. 1864)

● 1935 - Charles Robert Richet, French physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1850)

● 1944 - Roger Bresnahan, Baseball player (b. 1879)

● 1945 - Thomas Hunt Morgan, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1866)

● 1956 - Alexandr Rodchenko, Russian painter and photographer (b. 1891)

● 1967 - Bert Lahr, American actor (b. 1895)

● 1969 - Fred Hampton, American activist (b. 1948)

● 1975 - Hannah Arendt, German political theorist (b. 1906)

● 1976 - Tommy Bolin, American guitarist (b. 1951)

● 1976 - Benjamin Britten, British composer (b. 1913)

● 1976 - W. F. McCoy, Northern Irish politician (b. 1886)

● 1980 - Francisco Sá Carneiro, Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1934)

● 1980 - Stanislawa Walasiewicz, Polish-born athlete (b. 1911)

● 1993 - Frank Zappa, American musician and composer (b. 1940)

● 1995 - Lionel Giroux, Canadian midget wrestler (b. 1935)

● 1997 - Richard Vernon, British actor (b. 1925)

● 2003 - Iggy Katona, American race car driver (b. 1916)

● 2005 - Gregg Hoffman, American film producer (b. 1963)

● 2005 - Gloria Lasso, French-Spanish singer (b. 1922)

● 2006 - Logan Whitehurst, Song writer/singer (b. 1977)

● 2006 - James Kim, Technology reporter (b. 1971)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic:
● St. Peter Chrysologus, bishop of Ravenna/doctor
● St. John of Damascus
● St. Barbara, virgin/martyr
● St. Ada
● St. Anno
● St. Bernard degli Uberti
● St. Bertoara
● St. Theophane Venard
● St. Theophanes and Companions
● St. Clement of Alexandria
● St. Felix of Bologna
● St. Francis Galvez
● St. Osmund
● St. Maruthas
● St. Meletius

● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for November 22 (Civil Date: December 4)
● Nativity Fast.
● Afterfeast of the Entry into the Temple.
● Apostles Philemon and Archippus.
● Martyr Apphia, wife of Philemon
● St. Onesimus, disciple of St. Paul.
● Martyrdom of St. Michael, prince of Tver.
● Martyrs Cecilia (canon only), Valerian, Tiburtius and Maximus at Rome.
● Martyr Procopius the reader at Caesaria in Palestine.
● Martyr Menignus at Parium.
● St. Agabbas of Syria.
● Righteous Michael the soldier of Bulgaria.
● Martyrs Stephen, Mark, and Mark (another) in Pisidia.
● Martyr Agapion of Greece.
● St. Callistus II, Patriarch of Constantinople (Mt. Athos. .
● St. Clement of Ochrida, Bishop of Greater Macedonia.

● Roman Catholic and Anglican:
● Commemoration of John Damascene, priest/doctor

● First day that rain is prayed for in the Diaspora in Judaism. It is notably the only Jewish day that is tied to the civil calendar.

● Roman festivals - secret ceremonies in honor of Bona Dea

● Barbórka - Miners' Day in Poland

● Santería, Lukumí - Day of Shango

● International Hug Day.

● Navy Day in India

● México : Day of the Artisans

● Tonga : Proclamation Day


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

On This Day Website

Scope Systems Any Day Website

Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.

Permanent Backlink to Post