October 22......

October 22 is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 70 days remaining in the year on this date.

EVENTS

● 4004 BCE - The day the universe was created according to British scientist James Ussher after using the Bible's chronology to calculate the date. (See the movie, “Inherit the Wind.”)

● 362 - The temple of Apollo at Daphne, outside of Antioch, is destroyed in a mysterious fire.

● 1383 - The 1383-1385 Crisis in Portugal: A period of civil war and disorder began when King Fernando died without a male heir to the Portuguese throne.

● 1575 - Foundation of Aguascalientes.

● 1746 - The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) receives its charter.

● 1797 - One thousand meters (3,200 feet) above Paris, French balloonist Andre-Jacques Garnerin makes the first recorded parachute jump.

● 1836 - Sam Houston is inaugurated as the first constitutionally-elected President of the Republic of Texas.

● 1844 - The Great Anticipation: Millerites, followers of William Miller, anticipated the end of the world in conjunction with the Second Advent of Christ. The following day became known as the Great Disappointment.

● 1877 - The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207 miners. Those widows and orphans who were unable to support themselves were evicted by the mine owners and likely sent to the Poor House.

● 1878 - The first rugby match under floodlights takes place in Salford, between Broughton and Swinton.

● 1883 - The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opens with a performance of Gounod's Faust (opera).

● 1895 - In Paris an express train overruns a buffer stop and crosses more than 30 metres of concourse before plummeting through a window at Gare Montparnasse.

● 1907 - Panic of 1907: A run on Knickerbocker Trust Company stock sets events in motion that will lead to a depression.

● 1910 - Dr. Crippen is convicted at the Old Bailey of poisoning his wife and was subsequently hanged at Pentonville Prison in London.

● 1924 - Toastmasters International is founded.

● 1926 - J. Gordon Whitehead sucker punches magician Harry Houdini in the stomach in Montreal.

● 1928 - Republican presidential nominee Herbert Hoover spoke of the ''American system of rugged individualism'' in a speech at New York's Madison Square Garden.

● 1934 - In East Liverpool, Ohio, notorious bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd is shot and killed by Federal Bureau of Investigation agents.

● 1943 - Kassel: RAF conducts an air raid on the city of 236,000 people, killing 10,000, rendering 150,000 homeless. Second firestorm raid in Germany

● 1953 - Laos gains independence from France.

● 1954 - West Germany joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

● 1956 - A concrete girder weighing 200 tons kills 48 in Karachi, Pakistan.

● 1957 - Vietnam War: First United States casualties in Vietnam.

● 1960 - Ed Yost makes the first free flight of a modern hot-air balloon at Bruning, Nebraska.

● 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis: US President John F. Kennedy announces that American spy planes have discovered Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba, and that he has ordered a naval "quarantine" of the island nation.

● 1964 - Jean-Paul Sartre is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, but turns down the honor.

● 1964 - Canada: A Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee selects the design which becomes the new official Flag of Canada.

● 1966 - Double-agent breaks out of jail; One of Britain's most notorious double-agents, George Blake, escapes from prison in a daring break-out believed to have been masterminded by the Soviet Union.

● 1966 - The Supremes become the first all-female music group to attain a No. 1 selling album (The Supremes A' Go-Go).

● 1968 - Apollo program: Apollo 7 safely splashes down in the Atlantic Ocean after orbiting the Earth 163 times.

● 1969 - Led Zeppelin release the classic album Led Zeppelin II, featuring the hit single "Whole Lotta Love."

● 1972 - Vietnam War: In Saigon, Henry Kissinger and South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu meet to discuss a proposed cease-fire that had been worked out between Americans and North Vietnamese in Paris. Thieu rejects the proposal and accused the United States of conspiring to undermine his regime

● 1974 - Bomb blast in London club; A bomb explodes in a restaurant near to where opposition leader Edward Heath is dining in London.

● 1975 - Carlton Fisk of the Boston Red Sox hits a home run to win Game 6 of the 1975 World Series against the Cincinnati Reds.

● 1975 - The U.S. government allowed the deposed Shah of Iran to travel to New York for medical treatment.

● 1976 - Red Dye No. 4 is banned by the US Food and Drug Administration after it is discovered that it causes tumors in the bladders of dogs. The dye is still used in Canada.

● 1981 - The United States Federal Labor Relations Authority votes to decertify the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization for its strike the previous August.

● 1983 - CND march attracts biggest ever crowd; Thousands gather in London to support the CND in their protest over the use of nuclear missiles.

● 1986 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs the Tax Reform Act of 1986 into law.

● 1987 - John Coolidge Adams's opera Nixon in China debuts at the Houston Grand Opera in Houston, Texas.

● 1987 - The pinnacle rock Gendarme falls at Seneca Rocks.

● 1989 - Jacob Wetterling is abducted in St. Joseph, Minnesota.

● 1990 - Seminal grunge band Pearl Jam, then named Mookie Blaylock, play their first show as a band at the Off Ramp club in Seattle, WA.

● 1990 - Aral Sea is 'world's worst disaster'; Scientists tell the Royal Geographical Society how irrigation has destroyed what was once the world's fourth largest fresh water sea.

● 1999 - Maurice Papon, an official in the Vichy France government during World War II, is jailed for crimes against humanity.

● 2001 - Washington postal worker Joseph P. Curseen died at a Maryland hospital of inhaled anthrax.

● 2001 - UK braced for more flooding; The UK prepares for more rain in what are thought to be the worst floods for twenty years.

● 2002 - A bus driver was shot to death in Aspen Hill, MD, in the 13th and final attack by the Washington-area sniper.

● 2002 - Internet users declare this day as the official Caps Lock Day.

● 2004 - In a wrenching videotaped statement, kidnapped aid worker Margaret Hassan begged Britain to help save her by withdrawing its troops from Iraq, saying these ''might be my last hours.'' (Hassan was later killed by her captors.)

● 2005 - Tropical Storm Alpha forms in the Atlantic Basin, making the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season the most active Atlantic hurricane season on record with 22 named storms.

● 2005 - Crash of Bellview Airlines Flight 210 in Nigeria kills all 117 on board.

● 2005 - The first phase of Transantiago, the new public transport system of Santiago de Chile is implemented.

● 2006 - Panama: Referendum concerning the Panama Canal Expansion Proposal.

BIRTHS

● 1071 - William IX, Duke of Aquitaine and poet (d. 1126)

● 1197 - Emperor Juntoku of Japan (d. 1242)

● 1511 - Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1553)

● 1592 - Gustaf Horn, Swedish soldier and politician (d. 1657)

● 1688 - Nadir Shah of Persia (d. 1747)

● 1689 - King John V of Portugal (d. 1750)

● 1729 - Johann Reinhold Forster, German botanist (d. 1798)

● 1770 - Thomas Seebeck, Baltic German physicist (d. 1831)

● 1809 - Volney E. Howard, American politician (d. 1889)

● 1811 - Franz Liszt, Hungarian pianist and composer (d. 1886)

● 1821 - Collis Porter Huntington, American railroad magnate (d. 1900)

● 1844 - Louis Riel, Canadian Metis Political Leader (d. 1885)

● 1844 - Sarah Bernhardt, Paris born actress

● 1865 - Kristjan Raud, Estonian painter (d. 1943)

● 1870 - Alfred Douglas, English partner of Oscar Wilde (d. 1945)

● 1881 - Clinton Davisson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)

● 1887 - John Reed, American radical journalist (d. 1920)

● 1900 - James Hall, American actor

● 1903 - George Wells Beadle, American geneticist, Nobel laureate (d. 1989)

● 1903 - Curly Howard, American actor and comedian, member of the Three Stooges (d. 1952)

● 1904 - Constance Bennett, American actress (d. 1965)

● 1905 - Karl (Guthe) Jansky, American engineer (d. 1950)

● 1907 - Jimmie Foxx in Sudlersville, MD, baseball player and Hall of Fame member (d. 1967)

● 1912 - Frances Drake, American actress (d. 2000)

● 1913 - Robert Capa, American war photographer (born in Hungary)(d. 1954)

● 1913 - Bao Dai, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1997)

● 1913 - Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 2002)

● 1917 - Joan Fontaine, British actress

● 1918 - Lou Klein, baseball player (d. 1976)

● 1919 - Doris Lessing, British writer

● 1920 - Dr. Timothy Francis Leary, the American psychologist and writer who advocated the use psychedelic drugs (d. 1996)

● 1921 - Georges Brassens, French singer (d. 1981)

● 1921 - Alexander Kronrod, Russian mathematician (d. 1986)

● 1925 - Robert Rauschenberg, American painter, sculptor, and graphic artist

● 1925 - Dory Previn, American songwriter

● 1927 - Allan Hendrickse, South African politician (d. 2005)

● 1929 - Lev Yashin, Russian footballer (d. 1990)

● 1936 - Bobby Seale, American civil rights activist

● 1938 - Derek Jacobi, English actor

● 1938 - Christopher Lloyd, American actor (''Taxi'')

● 1939 - Tony Roberts, Actor

● 1939 - George Cohen, English footballer

● 1942 - Annette Funicello, American actress

● 1942 - Bobby Fuller, American rock singer and guitarist (d. 1966)

● 1943 - Jan de Bont, Dutch film director

● 1943 - Catherine Deneuve, French actress

● 1943 - Allen Coage, American professional wrestler

● 1945 - Leslie West, American musician (Mountain)

● 1945 - Sheila Sherwood, British long jumper

● 1946 - Kelvin MacKenzie, British media tycoon

● 1947 - Haley Barbour, Governor of Mississippi

● 1948 - Lynette Fromme, American attempted assassin of Gerald Ford

● 1949 - Stiv Bators, American musician (The Dead Boys) (d. 1990)

● 1949 - Arsène Wenger, English football manager

● 1950 - Bill Owens, Governor of Colorado

● 1952 - Jeff Goldblum, American actor

● 1956 - Frank DiPino, baseball player

● 1959 - Arto Salminen, Finnish writer (d. 2005)

● 1959 - Todd Graff, Actor

● 1960 - Cris Kirkwood, Rock musician

● 1963 - Brian Boitano, American figure skater

● 1964 - Drazen Petrovic, Croatian basketball player (d. 1993)

● 1964 - Toby Mac, American singer and songwriter

● 1965 - John Wesley Harding, American musician

● 1965 - Otis Smith, American football player

● 1966 - Valeria Golino, Italian actress

● 1967 - Rita Guerra, Portuguese singer

● 1967 - Ron Tugnutt, Canadian hockey player

● 1967 - Carlos Mencia, Comedian

● 1968 - Shelby Lynne, Country singer

● 1968 - Shaggy, Jamaican musician

● 1969 - Héctor Carrasco, baseball player

● 1970 - Tracey Lee, Rapper

● 1972 - Accie Connor, American professional wrestler

● 1973 - Ichiro Suzuki, Japanese baseball player

● 1974 - Tim Kinsella, American musician

● 1974 - Miroslav Satan, Slovakian hockey player

● 1978 - Owais Shah, English cricketer

● 1978 - Sergei Samsonov, Russian hockey player

● 1981 - Michael Fishman, Actor (''Roseanne'')

● 1984 - Lee Ho, Korean footballer

● 1985 - Zachary Hanson, American musician (Hanson)

● 1990 - Jonathan Lipnicki, American actor

● 1992 - Sofia Vassilieva, Actress (''Medium'')

DEATHS

● 741 - Charles Martel, leader of the Franks (b. 686)

● 1383 - King Fernando I of Portugal (b. 1345)

● 1565 - Jean, Vicomte d'Aguisy Grolier de Servieres, French bibliophile (b. 1479)

● 1613 - Pomponio Nenna, Italian composer

● 1625 - Kikkawa Hiroie, Japanese politician (b. 1561)

● 1674 - Gerbrand van den Eeckhout, Dutch painter (b. 1621)

● 1708 - Hermann Witsius, Dutch theologian (b. 1636)

● 1751 - William IV, Prince of Orange (b. 1711)

● 1755 - Elisha Williams, American rector of Yale College (b. 1694)

● 1792 - Guillaume Le Gentil, French astronomer (b. 1725)

● 1847 - Sahle Selassie, Negus of Shewa

● 1859 - Louis Spohr, German violinist and composer (b. 1784)

● 1891 - Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, Austrian physiologist (b. 1846)

● 1906 - Paul Cezanne, French painter (b. 1839)

● 1917 - Bob Fitzsimmons, English boxer (b. 1863)

● 1918 - Myrtle Gonzalez, American film and stage actress (b. 1891)

● 1928 - Andrew Fisher, fifth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1862)

● 1934 - Pretty Boy Floyd, American gangster (b. 1904)

● 1935 - Komitas, Armenian composer (b. 1869)

● 1973 - Pablo Casals, Catalan cellist and conductor (b. 1876)

● 1977 - Marie-Antoinette Mobutu, first wife of Mobutu Sese Seko

● 1978 - John Riley, English poet (murdered) (b. 1937)

● 1979 - Nadia Boulanger, French composer and composition teacher (b. 1887)

● 1986 - Albert Szent-Györgyi, Hungarian physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1893)

● 1989 - Ewan MacColl, English folk singer, songwriter, socialist, actor, poet, playwright, and record producer (b. 1915)

● 1992 - Cleavon Little, American actor (b. 1939)

● 1995 - Sir Kingsley Amis, English writer (b. 1922)

● 1998 - Eric Ambler, English novelist (b. 1909)

● 2000 - Rodney Anoai (Yokozuna), American professional wrestler (b. 1966)

● 2002 - Queen Geraldina of the Albanians (b. 1915)

● 2005 - Arman, French-born artist (b. 1928)

● 2005 - Franky Gee, American singer (Captain Jack) (b. 1962)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic Saints
● Saint Mary Salome
● Saints Philip, Severus, Eusebius, and Hermes of Heraclea
● Saint Donatus of Fiesole

● Anti Police Brutality Day

● French Republican Calendar - Pomme (Apple) Day, first day in the Month of Brumaire


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

Permanent Backlink to Post