October 17......

October 17 is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 75 days remaining in the year on this date.

EVENTS

● 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost 70 years of exile and making the first Human Rights Declaration.

● 1244 - Battle of La Forbie: Crusaders are defeated by Khwarezmians and Egyptians.

● 1346 - Battle of Neville's Cross: King David II of Scotland is captured by Edward III of England at Calais, and imprisoned in the Tower of London for eleven years.

● 1448 - Second Battle of Kosovo, where the mainly Hungarian army lead by John Hunyadi fought an Ottoman army lead by Murad II.

● 1604 - Kepler's Star: German astronomer Johannes Kepler observes that an exceptionally bright star had suddenly appeared in the constellation. Ophiuchus, which turned out to be the last supernova to have been observed in our own galaxy, the Milky Way.

● 1662 - Charles II of England sells Dunkerque to France for 40,000 pounds.

● 1777 - British forces under Gen. John Burgoyne surrendered to American troops in Saratoga, N.Y., in a turning point of the Revolutionary War.

● 1781 - General Charles Cornwallis offers his surrender to the American revolutionaries at Yorktown, Virginia.

● 1800 - England takes control of the Dutch colony of Curaçao.

● 1806 - Former leader of the Great Slave Rebellion of 1791, Emperor Jacques I of Haiti was assassinated after an oppressive rule.

● 1860 - First The Open Championship (referred to in North America as the British Open)

● 1888 - Thomas Edison files a patent for the Optical Phonograph (the first movie).

● 1912 - Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia declare war on the Ottoman Empire, joining Montenegro in the First Balkan War.

● 1917 - First British bombing of Germany in World War I

● 1919 - The Radio Corporation of America was created.

● 1931 - Al Capone convicted of income tax evasion and sentenced to 11 years in prison. He was released in 1939.

● 1933 - Physicist Albert Einstein arrived in the United States as a refugee from Nazi Germany.

● 1937 - Huey, Dewey and Louie, Donald Duck's three almost identical nephews, first appear in a newspaper comic strip.

● 1941 - For the first time in World War II, a German submarine attacks an American ship.

● 1945 - A massive number of people, headed for CGT and Evita, gather in the Plaza de Mayo in Argentina to demand Juan Peron's release. This is known to the Peronists as the Día de la lealtad (day of loyalty) or San Perón (Saint Perón). It's considered the birthday of Peronism. Col. Juan Peron then staged a coup, becoming absolute ruler of Argentina.

● 1957 - French author Albert Camus was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature.

● 1961 - Approximately 200 Algerian protesters (some claim up to 400) are massacred by the Paris police

● 1965 - The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair closes after a two year run. More than 51 million people had attended the two-year event.

● 1966 - A fire at a building in New York, New York kills 12 firefighters.

● 1967 - The musical Hair opens at the Anspacher Theater on Broadway.

● 1968 - Black athletes make silent protest; Two black Americans make history at the Mexico Olympics with a silent protest against racial discrimination by raising their fists in a black power salute.

● 1970 - Montreal, Quebec: Quebec Vice-Premier and Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte murdered by members of the FLQ terrorist group.

● 1973 - OPEC nations announced they would cut back oil exports to Western nations and Japan; the result was a total embargo that lasted until March 1974, considered to have helped Israel in its war against Syria

● 1977 - West German commandos stormed a hijacked Lufthansa jetliner on the ground in Mogadishu, Somalia, freeing all 86 hostages and killing three of the four hijackers.

● 1978 - President Jimmy Carter signed a bill restoring U.S. citizenship to Confederate President Jefferson Davis.

● 1978 - Grey seal cull dramatically reduced; Public pressure leads British ministers to reduce the number of grey seals to be culled in Scotland.

● 1979 - Mother Teresa of India was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her work on behalf of the destitute in Calcutta.

● 1979 - The Department of Education Organization Act is signed into law creating the US Department of Education and US Department of Health and Human Services. Both replace the Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

● 1980 - Pope welcomes Queen to the Vatican; The Queen makes the first state visit to the Vatican by a British monarch and is received by the Pope.

● 1987 - First lady Nancy Reagan underwent a modified radical mastectomy at Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland.

● 1989 - Loma Prieta earthquake (7.1 on the Richter scale) hits the San Francisco Bay Area, killing 67 people and causing $7 billion worth of damage.

● 1992 - The United Nations General Assembly declares October 17 as the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty, to be observed beginning in 1993. Resolution 47/196 of 22 December 1992.

● 1994 - Draft peace treaty between Israel and Jordan

● 1994 - Peace treaty between the government of Angola and UNITA rebels.

● 1997 - The remains of revolutionary Dr. Ernesto ''Che'' Guevara were laid to rest in his adopted Cuba, 30 years after his execution in Bolivia.

● 2000 - Four dead in Hatfield rail crash; Four people are killed when a high speed passenger train derails in Hatfield, just north of London.

● 2001 - The House of Representatives announced plans to close for an anthrax sweep after 31 people at the Capitol tested positive for exposure; New York Gov. George Pataki's Manhattan office was evacuated after anthrax was detected.

● 2001 - Israel's tourism minister, Rehavam Zeevi was shot to death in the first assassination of a serving Cabinet minister by Palestinians.

● 2003 - Carlos Mesa becomes President of Bolivia.

● 2003 - The pinnacle was fitted on the roof of Taipei 101, a 101-floor skyscraper in Taipei, allowing it to surpass the Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur by 50 meters (165 feet) and become the World's tallest highrise.

● 2003 - Eunuchs in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh float the political party Jiti Jitayi Politics.

BIRTHS

● 1253 - Ivo of Kermartin, French saint (d. 1303)

● 1563 - Jodocus Hondius, Flemish cartographer (d. 1611)

● 1577 - Cristofano Allori, Italian painter (d. 1621)

● 1582 - Johann Gerhard, German theologian and Lutheran leader (d. 1637)

● 1623 - Francis Turretin, Swiss theologian (d. 1687)

● 1688 - Domenico Zipoli, Italian composer (d. 1726)

● 1711 - Jupiter Hammon, American writer

● 1719 - Jacques Cazotte, French writer (d. 1792)

● 1813 - Georg Büchner, German playwright (d. 1837)

● 1817 - Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, a famous Indian Muslim intellectual of the 19th Century (d. 1898)

● 1859 - Frederick Childe Hassam, American painter (d. 1935)

● 1864 - Elinor Glyn, British writer (d. 1943)

● 1865 - James Rudolph Garfield, American politician (d. 1950)

● 1886 - Ernest Goodpasture, American pathologist (d. 1960)

● 1886 - Spring Byington, American actress (died 1971)

● 1890 - Roy Kilner, English cricketer (d. 1928)

● 1898 - Shinichi Suzuki, Japanese violin teacher (d. 1998)

● 1898 - Simon Vestdijk, Dutch writer (d. 1971)

● 1900 - Jean Arthur, American actress (d. 1991)

● 1902 - Irene Ryan, American actress (d. 1973)

● 1903 - Nathanael West, American writer (d. 1940)

● 1906 - Paul Derringer, baseball player (d. 1987)

● 1912 - Pope John Paul I (1978) (d. 1978)

● 1914 - Jerry Siegel, American cartoonist, co-creator of Superman (d. 1996)

● 1915 - Arthur Miller in New York City, American playwright (d. 2005)

● 1917 - Sumner Locke Elliott, Australian (later American) novelist (d. 1991)

● 1917 - Marsha Hunt, Actress

● 1918 - Rita Hayworth, American actress and legendary Hollywood beauty (d. 1987)

● 1919 - Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov, Russian physicist

● 1920 - Montgomery Clift, American actor (d. 1966)

● 1921 - Tom Poston, American actor and comedian (''Newhart'')

● 1921 - Maria Gorokhovskaya, Soviet gymnast (d. 2001)

● 1922 - Pierre Juneau, Canadian film and broadcast executive

● 1922 - Luiz Bonfá, Brazilian guitarist and composer (d. 2001)

● 1923 - Charles McClendon, LSU Tigers head football coach (d. 2001)

● 1923 - Barney Kessel, American jazz guitarist (d. 2004)

● 1926 - Beverly Garland, Actress

● 1926 - Julie Adams, American film actress

● 1930 - Robert Atkins, American nutritionist (d. 2003)

● 1930 - Jimmy Breslin, American writer

● 1931 - Ernst Hinterberger, Austrian writer

● 1933 - Jeanine Deckers, Belgian nun and singer (d. 1985)

● 1936 - Hiroo Kanamori, Japanese seismologist

● 1938 - Evel Knievel, American daredevil

● 1940 - Peter Stringfellow, British nightclub owner

● 1941 - Earl Thomas Conley, American country music singer

● 1941(42? NYT) - Jim Seals American singer/songwriter (Seals and Crofts)

● 1942 - Gary Puckett, American musician

● 1946 - Sir Cameron Mackintosh, British stage producer and director

● 1946 - Adam Michnik, Polish activist

● 1946 - Bob Seagren, American athlete and actor

● 1946 - Michael Hossack, American rock drummer (The Doobie Brothers)

● 1947 - Gene Green, American politician

● 1947 - Michael McKean, American actor and comedian

● 1948 - Margot Kidder, Canadian actress

● 1948 - George Wendt, American actor (''Cheers'')

● 1950 - Howard Rollins, American actor (d. 1996)

● 1955 - Sam Bottoms, Actor

● 1956 - Mae Jemison, astronaut

● 1957 - Steve McMichael, American football player and professional wrestler

● 1958 - Alan Jackson, American singer and songwriter

● 1959 - Ron Drummond, American writer, editor, and independent scholar

● 1959 - Russell Gilbert, Australian comedian and actor

● 1960 - Rob Marshall, American theater and film director (''Chicago'')

● 1962 - Mike Judge, Ecuadoran-born cartoonist and writer (''Beavis and Butthead'')

● 1963 - Norm MacDonald, Canadian comedian and actor (''Saturday Night Live'')

● 1965 - Aravinda de Silva, Sri Lankan cricketer

● 1966 - Mark Gatiss, English actor

● 1968 - Ziggy Marley, Jamaican Reggae musician

● 1969 - Ernie Els, South African golfer

● 1969 - Rick Mercer, Canadian comedian

● 1970 - Anil Kumble, Indian cricketer

● 1970 - John Mabry, baseball player

● 1971 - Chris Kirkpatrick, American singer ('N Sync)

● 1972 - Eminem, American rapper

● 1972 - Wyclef Jean, Haitian-born singer

● 1972 - Joe McEwing, baseball player

● 1972 - Sharon Leal, Actress (''Boston Public'')

● 1974 - John Rocker, baseball player

● 1975 - Francis Bouillon, National Hockey League defenseman

● 1977 - Sergio Andrade, Rock musician

● 1979 - Kimi Räikkönen, Finnish race car driver

DEATHS

● 532 - Pope Boniface II

● 1174 - Queen Petronila of Aragon (b. 1135)

● 1586 - Philip Sidney, English courtier, soldier, and writer (killed in battle) (b. 1554)

● 1660 - Adrian Scrope, English regicide (b. 1601)

● 1673 - Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, English statesman (b. 1630)

● 1757 - René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, French scientist (b. 1683)

● 1776 - Pierre François le Courayer, French theologian (b. 1681)

● 1780 - William Cookworthy, English chemist (b. 1705)

● 1786 - Johann Ludwig Aberli, Swiss artist (b. 1723)

● 1806 - Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Haitian independence leader (b. 1758)

● 1836 - Orest Kiprensky, Russian painter (b. 1782)

● 1837 - Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1778)

● 1849 - Frédéric Chopin, Polish-French musician and composer (b. 1810)

● 1868 - Laura Secord, Canadian heroine of the war of 1812 (b. 1775)

● 1887 - Gustav Kirchhoff, German physicist (b. 1824)

● 1889 - Nikolai Chernyshevsky, Russian philosopher (b. 1828)

● 1910 - Julia Ward Howe, American composer and abolitionist (b. 1819)

● 1931 - Alfons Maria Jakob, German neurologist (b. 1884)

● 1934 - Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish histologist and neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( b. 1852)

● 1958 - Charlie Townsend, English cricketer (b. 1876)

● 1962 - Natalia Goncharova, Russian painter (b. 1882)

● 1963 - Jacques Hadamard, French mathematician (b. 1865)

● 1967 - Henry Pu Yi, last Emperor of China (b. 1906)

● 1970 - Pierre Laporte, Vice-Premier of Quebec (assassinated) (b. 1921)

● 1970 - Vola Vale, American actress (b. 1897)

● 1972 - Prince George of Yugoslavia (b. 1887)

● 1972 - Turk Broda, National Hockey League goaltender (b. 1914)

● 1973 - Ingeborg Bachmann, Austrian writer (b. 1926)

● 1979 - S. J. Perelman, American writer (b. 1904)

● 1981 - Albert Cohen, Swiss author (b. 1895)

● 1984 - Henri Michaux, French painter and poet (b. 1899)

● 1991 - Tennessee Ernie Ford, American singer and television performer (b. 1919)

● 1992 - Herman Johannes, Indonesian professor, scientist and politician (b. 1912)

● 1998 - Hakim Mohammed Said, Pakistani scholar and philanthropist

● 1998 - Joan Hickson, British actress (b. 1906)

● 2000 - Leo Nomellini, wrestler (b. 1924)

● 2001 - Rehavam Zeevi, Israeli politician (b. 1926)

● 2001 - Jay Livingston, American songwriter (b. 1915)

● 2002 - Derek Bell, Irish harpist (The Chieftans) (b. 1935)

● 2004 - Uzi Hitman, Israeli singer (b. 1952)

● 2005 - Ba Jin, Chinese writer (b. 1904)

● 2005 - Franky Gee, European techno artist (b. 1964)

HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES

● Roman Catholic Saints
● Saint Ignatius of Antioch
● translation of Saint Audrey (Æthelthryth)
● Saint Richard Gwyn

● Haiti - Death of Jean-Jacques Dessalines (1806), State holiday

● United States - Black Poetry Day

● UN International Day for the Eradication of Poverty

● French Republican Calendar - Aubergine (Eggplant) Day, twenty-sixth day in the Month of Vendémiaire


Click on this LINK to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.

Additional facts taken from:

On this day in the New York Times

The BBC’s Take on the day

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