What is Namnesia Antidote?
When a fellow poster, anniefey, made a post at the TV News Lies Board about these two syndromes I was struck by the pervasiveness of this type of thinking when it comes to the occupation of Iraq. The warmongers in the administration and Congress not only suffer from Namnesia but have gone out of their way to spread the infection. When George "War Criminal" Bush talks about not repeating the mistakes of Vietnam, he is stating our error was withdrawing prematurely and leaving only 58,168 known dead Americans. He is determined to "stay the course" indefinitely in Iraq, no matter the cost in human lives and resources. When anniefey made her post it was with two unhappy coincidences; the five-year anniversary of the Iraq invasion and the occasion of the 4,000th American causality. We had once again failed to learn from history and were doomed to repeating the same errors.
Posts on this blog begin on March 23rd. In 2008, this was both Easter and the date of the aforementioned 4,000th causality. The names posted on this blog are from the Vietnam War Memorial Wall as extracted from a now defunct website. Any errors in the extraction are mine and I apologize in advance for them. While a laudable goal would be to have a posting for everyone whose name appears on The Wall, it is just not feasible for a one-man operation. What I will attempt here is to have posted for each day of the year two lists of these names; the first commemorating the date of death and the second celebrating the birth of those who gave their lives. I encourage anyone to post comments on these individuals, when such a comment is posted, I will attempt to create an individual post with more detailed information for that person. This will give family, friends and supporters the chance to collectively honor and remember these fallen service men. I will post these individual posts by birthdates.
The information on this blog will also appear in my This Day in History blog daily posts. I hope this double posting will give some additional exposure to these men and women while aiding in combating Namnesia.
Sunday, March 23, 2008
Thursday, March 06, 2008
March 6......
March 6 is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 300 days remaining in the year on this date.
Day of the week in surrounding years:
1978,. . . .,1989,1995,2000—MON—2006
1979,1984,1990,. . . .,2001—TUE—2007
. . . .,1985,1991,1996,2002—WED—. . . .
1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—THU—2008
1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—FRI—2009
1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—SAT—2010
1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—SUN—2011
PASCAL DATE INFORMATION
Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.
March 6 is the 32nd possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 118 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 19th/20th of the 36 dates.
It occurred on this date previously in the years:
379, 390, 463, 474, 485, 558, 569, 580, 653, 664, 748, 827, 911, 922, 995, 1006, 1017, 1090, 1101, 1112, 1185, 1196, 1280, 1359, 1443, 1454, 1527, 1538, 1549, 1585, 1647, 1658, 1669, 1680, 1715, 1726, 1737, 1867, 1878, 1889, 1935, 1946, 1957
It will occur on this date in the future in the years:
2019, 2030, 2041, 2052, 2109, 2171, 2182, 2193, 2239, 2250, 2261, 2272, 2307, 2318, 2329, 2402, 2413, 2424, 2486, 2497, 2554, 2565, 2576, 2611, 2622, 2633, 2644, 2701, 2763, 2774, 2785, 2796, 2858, 2869, 2880, 2926, 2937, 2948, 3005, 3016, 3078, 3089, 3135, 3146, 3157, 3168, 3230, 3241, 3252, 3309, 3320, 3382, 3393, 3450, 3461, 3472, 3518, 3529, 3540, 3602, 3613, 3624, 3697, 3765, 3776, 3822, 3833, 3844, 3901, 3912, 3974, 3985, 3996, 4069, 4080
Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Free Speech "Free speech is about as good a cause as the world has ever known." — Heywood Broun
Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Compassionate Conservatism "One of the major accomplishments of the last Congress was the end to the Federal entitlement to welfare. And I recognize that there are many skeptics, many doomsayers who wail and lament and beat their chests and say that society, specifically those poor and needy in our communities, that they are doomed . . ." — Rep. Kenny Hulshof (R-MD), Congressional Record, H883, 3-11-97—Part 1 of 2 {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports "Jesus Alou is in the on-deck circus." — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.
{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}
MOON PHASE
Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)
Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 2% Age: 95% Rise: 5:58 AM Set: 5:22 PM
Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)
Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 2% Age: 95% Rise: 6:13 AM Set: 5:44 PM
Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)
Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 2% Age: 95% Rise: 5:58 AM Set: 5:09 PM
Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)
Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 3% Age: 95% Rise: 5:36 AM Set: 4:42 PM
NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY
Vela Supernova Remnant
Credit & Copyright: Robert Gendler
Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation
EVENTS
● 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar.
● 1205 - Aken, [Philips van Zwaben], crowned Roman-Catholic German King
● 1447 - Nicholas V becomes Pope.
● 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of the Prussian Confederation pledged allegiance to Casimir IV of Poland, and the Polish king agreed to help in their struggle for independence from the Teutonic Knights.
● 1479 - Treaty of Alcaçovas - Portugal gives the Canary Islands to Castile in exchange for claims in West Africa.
● 1521 - Ferdinand Magellan arrives at Guam.
● 1579 - Veluwe joins Union of Utrecht
● 1590 - Earl Mauritius conquerors Breda "turfschip of Breda"
● 1628 - Emperor Ferdinand II delegates Restitutie-edict
● 1629 - In Germany, the Edict of Restitution ordered that all church property secularized since 1552 be restored to the Roman Catholic Church.
● 1646 - Joseph Jenkes, Massachusetts, receives 1st colonial machine patent
● 1664 - King Louis XIV & Emperor of Brandenburg signs covenant
● 1714 - Peace of Rastatt: French emperor Charles VI of Habsburg
● 1728 - Spain & England sign (1st) Convention of Pardo
● 1735 - English revivalist George Whitefield wrote in a letter: 'The renewal of our natures is a work of great importance. It is not to be done in a day. We have not only a new house to build up, but an old one to pull down.'
● 1759 - English founder of Methodism John Wesley wrote in a letter: 'There is a wonderful mystery in the manner and circumstances of that mighty working, whereby God subdues all things to himself, and leaves nothing in the heart but his pure love alone.'
● 1775 - 1st Negro Mason in US initiated, Boston
● 1788 - The First Fleet arrives at Norfolk Island in order to found a convict settlement.
● 1799 - Napoleon captures Jaffa Palestine
● 1806 - Poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning was born in Durham, England.
● 1810 - Illinois passes 1st state vaccination legislation in US
● 1816 - Jews are expelled from Free city of Lubeck Germany
● 1820 - The Missouri Compromise is signed into law by President James Monroe. The compromise allows Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, but makes the rest of the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase territory slavery-free.
● 1831 - Edgar Allen Poe removed from West Point military academy
● 1834 - York, Upper Canada is incorporated as Toronto with William Lyon Mackenzie as its 1st mayor.
● 1836 - HMS Beagle/Darwin reaches King George's Sound, Australia
● 1836 - Texas Revolution: Battle of the Alamo - After a 13-day siege by an army of 3,000 Mexican troops, the 189 Texas volunteers defending the Alamo are defeated and the fort taken. The other side of the coin -- Mexican troops defend their country's abolitionist constitution, defeat foreign slaveholders. San Antonio, Texas. Remember the Alamo.
● 1854 - At the Washington Monument, several men stole the Pope's Stone from the lapidarium.
● 1856 - The University of Maryland, College Park is chartered as the Maryland Agricultural College.
● 1857 - Dred Scott decision by U.S. Supreme Court opens federal territory to slavery and denies citizenship to blacks, ruling that blacks are not entitled to protection under the law. The "unhappy Black Race," wrote Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney in his opinion, had never possessed "rights which the white man was bound to respect."
● 1861 - Provisionary Confederate Congress establishes Confederate Army
● 1862 - Battle of Pea Ridge AR (Elkhorn Tavern)
● 1865 - Battle of Natural Bridge, Florida
● 1865 - President Lincoln's 2nd Inaugural Ball
● 1869 - Dmitri Mendeleev presents the first periodic table to the Russian Chemical Society.
● 1870 - Birth of Eugene Humbert, French anarchist militant, Metz. Militant libertarian, pacifist, neo-Malthusian. Killed in prison during WWII Allied bombing, the day before his release.
● 1882 - Monarch Milan Obrenovic of Serbia crowns himself king
● 1884 - Susan B. Anthony and more than 100 other suffragists present President Chester Arthur with a demand that he support women's right to vote. They failed, but the two women's suffrage groups -- the National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Woman Suffrage Association -- soon merged and worked for the next 36 years toward passage of the 19th Amendment, in 1920.
● 1885 - Ring Lardner, the American writer and satirist, was born.
● 1886 - 1st US alternating current power plant starts, Great Barrington MA
● 1899 - Bayer registers aspirin as a trademark.
● 1900 - A coal mine explosion in West Virginia traps 50 coal miners.
● 1901 - In Bremen an assassin attempts to kill Wilhelm II of Germany.
● 1902 - Census Bureau forms
● 1906 - Heavy storm bursts dike flooding Vlissingen, Netherlands
● 1906 - Nora Blatch becomes 1st woman elected to American Society of Civil Engineers
● 1907 - British creditors of the Dominican Republic claimed that the U.S. had failed to collect debts.
● 1913 - Joe Hill's song "There is Power in a Union" first appears in the IWW's "Little Red Song Book."
● 1915 - Greek King Constantine I fires premier Venizelos
● 1918 - US naval collier "Cyclops" disappears in Bermuda Triangle
● 1919 - Death of Julia H. Johnston, 70, American Presbyterian Sunday School leader. She penned about 500 hymns during her lifetime, one of which is still sung today: "Grace Greater Than Our Sin" (a.k.a. "Marvelous Grace of our Loving Lord").
● 1921 - Kamenev and "Snowball" (Trotsky) issue ultimatum to rebelling soldiers and sailors in Kronstadt.
● 1921 - Police in Sunbury PA issue an edict requiring Women to wear skirts at least 4 inches below the knee {As if they had the power to do so! Idiots!!}
● 1921 - The Portuguese Communist Party is founded as the Portuguese Section of the Communist International.
● 1924 - British Labour government cuts military budget
● 1925 - Belgium annexes Eupen, Malmedy, and Sankt Vith.
● 1925 - Pionerskaya Pravda, one of the oldest children's newspapers in Europe, is founded.
● 1928 - A Communist attack on Peking, China resulted in 3,000 dead and 50,000 fled to Swatow.
● 1929 - Turkey & Bulgaria sign friendship treaty
● 1930 - A National Trade-Union Unity League council in Madison, Wis., marches around the Capitol Square. During the march, a crowd of Univ. of Wisconsin students attack council leader Lottie Blumenthal, throwing her to the ground, manhandling other demonstrators, and destroying banners and pamphlets. Police arrest five university athletes who led the attack. One of the arrested athletes says (quote) - "We are getting so damned many radical Jews here that something must be done."
● 1930 - Brooklyn's Clarence Birdseye develops a method for quick freezing food
● 1930 - Demonstrations by unemployed workers demanding unemployment insurance occur in virtually every major city in the country. Police attacked a crowd of 35,000 in New York City -- others estimated 100,000 attendees -- and 10,000 people engaged in a melee with police in Cleveland. Republican congressman Hamilton Fish, with the support of the American Federation of Labor (AFL), also introduces a measure in Congress to create a committee to investigate radical activities. This is the beginning of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC).
● 1933 - Death of Amos R. Wells, 71, pioneer U.S. Christian educator. From 1901 until his death, he was editor of "Peloubet's Notes for the International Sunday School Lessons."
● 1933 - Poland occupies free city Danzig (Gdansk)
● 1933 - Pres. Roosevelt closes all U.S. banks. Alas, they reopened.
● 1935 - Retired Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. died two days shy of his 94th birthday.
● 1936 - Belgium ends Locarno-pact
● 1939 - In Spain, Jose Miaja took over the Madrid government after a military coup and vowed to seek "peace with honor."
● 1940 - 1st US telecast from an airplane, New York NY
● 1940 - Winter War: An armistice is signed by Finland and the Soviet Union.
● 1943 - Battle at Medenine, North-Africa; Rommels assault attack
● 1943 - Sukarno asks for cooperation with Japanese occupiers
● 1944 - USAF begins daylight bombing of Berlin
● 1945 - 117 SD-prisoners executed at Savage Farm
● 1945 - A communist-dominated government under Petru Groza assumes power in Romania.
● 1945 - Assassination attempt on Höhere, SS Police führer Rauter
● 1945 - Chinese 38th division occupies Lashio
● 1945 - Erich Honnecker & Erich Hanke flee Nazis
● 1946 - Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh signs an agreement with France which recognizes Vietnam as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the French Union.
● 1947 - The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the contempt conviction of John L. Lewis.
● 1947 - Winston Churchill announced that he opposed British troop withdrawals from India.
● 1947 - XB-45, 1st US 4-engine jet bomber, makes 1st test flight, Muroc CA
● 1948 - USS Newport News, the first air-conditioned naval ship, is launched from Newport News, Virginia.
● 1951 - Belgium extends conscription to 24 months
● 1951 - The trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg begins.
● 1953 - Georgy Maksimilianovich Malenkov succeeds Josef Stalin as Premier and First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
● 1956 - West Germany amends constitution to permit military conscription.
● 1957 - Israel withdraws its troops from the Sinai Peninsula.
● 1957 - United Kingdom colonies Gold Coast and British Togoland become the independent Republic of Ghana.
● 1959 - Farthest radio signal heard (Pioneer IV, 400,000 miles)
● 1960 - President Sukarno disbands Indonesia's parliament
● 1960 - Switzerland granted women the right to vote in municipal elections.
● 1960 - The United States announced that it would send 3,500 troops to Vietnam. {All Repugs note, this was during the Eisenhower Administration.}
● 1961 - 1st London minicabs introduced
● 1961 - 'Ukulele king' Formby dies; One of Britain's most popular entertainers, George Formby, has died after suffering a heart attack.
● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
● 1962 - US promise Thailand assistance against communist aggression
● 1964 - Constantine II becomes King of Greece succeeding Paul I.
● 1964 - Prophet Elijah Muhammad officially gives Cassius Clay the name Muhammad Ali meaning "beloved of Allah". {Ali has since left the Black Moslem movement and follows a more traditional form of the religion.}
● 1964 - Protest against Sheraton Palace Hotel's discrimination in hiring, San Francisco.
● 1965 - 1st nonstop helicopter crossing of North America, JR Willford
● 1965 - First American soldier "officially" sets foot on battlefield in Vietnam.
● 1967 - Stalin's daughter Svetlana Allilujeva asks for political asylum in US
● 1967 - U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson announced his plan to establish a draft lottery.
● 1969 - Nine thousand march at University of Washington to protest Vietnam War.
● 1970 - Cult leader and suspected murderer Charles Manson releases an album titled Lies: The Love & Terror Cult to help finance his defense.
● 1970 - Police respond violently to a peaceful student protest at Roosevelt High in East Los Angeles, arresting 37 students; many other students are injured.
● 1970 - Rabies ban on British pet imports; The British Government announces an indefinite ban on the importation of domestic pets.
● 1970 - Three Weathermen blow themselves up in Greenwich Village (house of Cathy Wilkerson's father) - Diana Oughton, Cathlyn Wilkerson, Kathy Boudin.
● 1971 - First annual meeting of Nebraskans for Peace.
● 1971 - First national women's liberation demonstration held in Britain.
● 1972 - Supreme Court rules that Squamish tribal courts do not have jurisdiction over crimes committed by non-Indians on reservations, a major blow to protection of inherent sovereignty.
● 1972 - Wildcat strike at Lordstown, Ohio GM plant where workers were not expected to resist work discipline (according to company calculations). The company and the union got a big surprise.
● 1973 - Former Equity Funding Corporation official accuses the company of perpetuating a $120 million swindle involving 60,000 fictitious life insurance policies.
● 1973 - U.S. President Richard Nixon imposed price controls on oil and gas.
● 1974 - Miners' strike comes to an end; UK coal workers bring an end to a 16 week dispute following a pay increase of over 30%.
● 1975 - Algiers Accord: Iran and Iraq announce a settlement over their border dispute.
● 1975 - Nonviolent march demanding the return of democracy, Delhi, India.
● 1978 - Hustler publisher Larry Flynt shot & crippled by a sniper in Georgia
● 1980 - French Academy, founded in 1635, elects it 1st woman novelist (Marguerita Youcenar)
● 1980 - Islamic militants in Tehran said that they would turn over American hostages to the Revolutionary Council. {Eventually the Council would make a deal with candidate Reagan that would release the hostages after his inauguration. Only the first of his many impeachable offenses.}
● 1981 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
● 1981 - Soyuz 39 returns to Earth
● 1981 - U.S. President Reagan announced a plan to cut 37,000 federal jobs.
● 1981 - Walter Cronkite appeared on his last episode of "CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite." He had been on the job 19 years.
● 1982 - Libertarian cult hero Ayn Rand, 77, author of "The Fountainhead" and "Atlas Shrugged," dies in New York.
● 1982 - U.N. University for Peace founded. San Jose, Costa Rica.
● 1983 - A woman in New Bedford, Mass., reported being gang-raped atop a pool table in a tavern; four men were later convicted.
● 1984 - One-year coal strike begins in England. In the end, Thatcher wins.
● 1985 - Mexican authorities find body of US drug agent Enrique C Salaazar
● 1986 - USSR's Vega 1 flies by Halley's Comet at 8,889 km
● 1987 - 6.8 earthquake hits Ecuador, kills 100
● 1987 - The British ferry M/S Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes in about 90 seconds after leaving the harbour of Zeebrugge, Belgium en route to Dover, England across the English Channel, killing 193.
● 1988 - 3 IRA suspects were shot dead in Gibraltar by SAS officers
● 1988 - Students at Gallaudet University go on strike in favor of the selection of a deaf university president. The protest is called Deaf President Now.
● 1990 - In Afghanistan, an attempted coup to remove President Najibullah from office failed.
● 1990 - SR-71 sets a transcontinental record, flying 2,404 miles in 1:08:17
● 1990 - The Russian Parliament passed a law that sanctioned the ownership of private property.
● 1991 - Following Iraq's capitulation in the Persian Gulf conflict, President Bush told Congress that "aggression is defeated; The war is over"
● 1991 - In Paris, five men were jailed for plotting to smuggle Libyan arms to the Irish Republican Army.
● 1992 - Founding of the Council of the Baltic Sea States.
● 1992 - The Michelangelo computer virus begins to affect computers.
● 1993 - Angolans die in battle for Huambo; Hundreds of people are reported to have died in clashes between the rebel Unita movement and Angolan government forces in the central town of Huambo.
● 1994 - Referendum in Moldova results in the electorate voting against possible reunification with Romania.
● 1996 - Hundreds demonstrate for an end to all violence, Palestine.
● 1997 - Britain's Queen Elizabeth II launched the first official royal Web site.
● 1997 - Picasso's painting Tête de Femme is stolen from a London gallery, and is recovered a week later.
● 1998 - 1st time the British flag is flown over Buckingham Palace
● 1998 - A Connecticut state lottery accountant gunned down three supervisors and the lottery chief before killing himself.
● 2000 - Three white New York police officers were convicted of a cover-up in a police station attack on Haitian immigrant Abner Louima.
● 2002 - Haida nation initiates lawsuit against British Columbia and federal Canadian governments, demanding aboriginal rights not only to their land, but the maritime resources throughout their native Queen Charlottte Islands.
● 2006 - Gov. Mike Rounds signed legislation banning most abortions in South Dakota. (The ban was rejected by the state's voters in November).
● 2007 - Former White House aide I. Lewis Libby, Jr. was found guilty on four of five counts of perjury and obstruction of justice trial. {The War Chimp would commute his prison sentence and Scooter would not spend a single day in jail.}
BIRTHS
● 1340 - John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (d. 1399)
● 1405 - King John II of Castile (1406-54) (d. 1454)
● 1459 - Jacob Fugger, German banker (d. 1525)
● 1475 - Michelangelo, Italian artist (d. 1564)
● 1483 - Francesco Guicciardini, Italian statesman and historian (d. 1540)
● 1495 - Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet (d. 1556)
● 1619 - Cyrano de Bergerac, French soldier, poet (d. 1655)
● 1663 - Francis Atterbury, British man of letters (d. 1732)
● 1706 - George Pocock, British admiral (d. 1792)
● 1716 - Pehr Kalm, Swedish explorer and naturalist (d. 1779)
● 1724 - Henry Laurens, American President of Continental Congress (1777-78) (d. 1792)
● 1761 - Antoine-Francois Andreossy, French General (d. 1828)
● 1779 - Antoine-Henri Jomini, French general (d. 1869)
● 1787 - Joseph von Fraunhofer, German physicist (d. 1826)
● 1806 - Elizabeth Barrett Browning, British poet (d. 1861)
● 1812 - Aaron Lufkin Dennison American watch manufacturer (d. 1895)
● 1817 - Princess Clémentine of Orléans (d. 1907)
● 1818 - William Claflin, 27th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1905)
● 1831 - Philip Sheridan, American Civil War Union cavalry officer (d. 1888)
● 1834 - George du Maurier British illustrator and writer (d. 1896)
● 1844 - Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer and editor (d. 1908)
● 1870 - Oscar Straus, Viennese operetta composer (d. 1954)
● 1882 - F. Burrall Hoffman, American architect (d. 1980)
● 1885 - Ring Lardner, American writer (d. 1933)
● 1899 - Furry Lewis, American blues guitarist (d. 1981)
● 1903 - Empress Kōjun of Japan (d. 2000)
● 1904 - José Antonio Aguirre, Basque politician (d. 1960)
● 1904 - Joseph Schmidt, Austrian tenor (d. 1942)
● 1905 - Bob Wills, American singer (d. 1975)
● 1906 - Lou Costello, American actor comedian (d. 1959)
● 1914 - Kiril Kondrashin, Russian conductor (d. 1981)
● 1915 - Pete Gray, American baseball player (d. 2002)
● 1915 - Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin, Bohra spiritual leader
● 1917 - Frankie Howerd, English comedian (d. 1992)
● 1917 - Will Eisner, American illustrator and cartoonist (d. 2005)
● 1919 - Maurice Grosse, British paranormal investigator (d. 2006)
● 1923 - Ed McMahon, American television personality (''The Tonight Show,'' ''Star Search'')
● 1924 - William Webster, Former FBI and CIA director
● 1925 - Wes Montgomery, American musician (d. 1968)
● 1926 - Alan Greenspan, American economist
● 1926 - Andrzej Wajda, Polish film director
● 1927 - Gabriel García Márquez, Colombian writer, Nobel Prize laureate
● 1927 - Gordon Cooper, astronaut (d. 2004)
● 1927 - Norman Treigle, American bass-baritone (d. 1975)
● 1930 - Lorin Maazel, French-born American conductor
● 1931 - Hal Needham, American stuntman
● 1933 - Ted Abernathy, American baseball player (d. 2004)
● 1934 - John Noakes, British television presenter
● 1935 - Ron Delany, Irish athlete
● 1936 - Bob Akin, American industrialist and race car driver (d. 2002)
● 1936 - Jean Boht, English actress
● 1936 - Marion Barry Jr., American politician
● 1937 - Doug Dillard, Country singer
● 1937 - Ivan Boesky, American stock trader
● 1937 - Valentina Tereshkova, cosmonaut
● 1939 - Adam Osborne, British author and computer designer (d. 2003)
● 1939 - Christopher Bond, U.S. senator, R-MO
● 1939 - Cookie Rojas, baseball player
● 1939 - Infanta Margarita of Spain, duchess of Soria
● 1940 - Joanna Miles, Actress
● 1940 - Willie Stargell, baseball player (d. 2001)
● 1942 - Ben Murphy, American actor
● 1944 - Kiri Te Kanawa, New Zealand singer
● 1944 - Mary Wilson, American singer (Supremes)
● 1945 - Hugh Grundy, Rock musician (The Zombies)
● 1946 - David Gilmour, British musician (Pink Floyd)
● 1947 - Dick Fosbury, American athlete
● 1947 - Kiki Dee, British singer
● 1947 - Martin Kove, American actor
● 1947 - Rob Reiner, American actor, comedian, and film producer
● 1947 - Teru Miyamoto, Japanese author
● 1948 - Anna Maria Horsford, American actress
● 1949 - Martin Buchan, Scottish footballer
● 1949 - Shaukat Aziz, Prime Minister of Pakistan
● 1951 - Gerrie Knetemann, Dutch cyclist (d. 2004)
● 1953 - Jacklyn Zeman, American actress
● 1953 - Jan Kjærstad, Norwegian author
● 1955 - Alberta Watson, Canadian actress
● 1958 - Eddie Deezen, American actor
● 1959 - Saul Anuzis, American politician
● 1959 - Tom Arnold, American actor and comedian
● 1962 - Valerie French, American animatronics art director
● 1963 - D.L. Hughley, American comedian and actor
● 1964 - Madonna Wayne Gacy, American musician
● 1964 - Skip Ewing, Country songwriter
● 1964 - Yvette Wilson, Actress
● 1966 - Alan Davies, British comedian and actor
● 1967 - Shuler Hensley, Actor
● 1968 - Connie Britton, Actress ("Spin City," "24," "Friday Night Lights")
● 1968 - Michael Romeo, American musician
● 1968 - Moira Kelly, American actress
● 1969 - Amy Pietz, Actress
● 1969 - Andrea Elson, American actress
● 1969 - Greg Scott, British TV personality
● 1969 - Tari Phillips, American basketball player
● 1970 - Shane Brolly, British actor
● 1971 - Darrick Martin, American basketball player
● 1971 - Sean Morley, American professional wrestler
● 1972 - Shaquille O'Neal, American basketball player
● 1972 - Terry Murphy, Northern Irish snooker player
● 1973 - Michael Finley, American basketball player
● 1973 - Trent Willmon, Country singer
● 1974 - Beanie Sigel, Rapper
● 1974 - Sebastian Siegel, British-American actor
● 1974 - Shan Farmer, Country musician (Ricochet)
● 1975 - Aracely Arambula, Mexican actress and singer
● 1976 - Ken Anderson, American professional wrestler
● 1977 - Bubba Sparxxx, Rapper
● 1977 - Giorgos Karagounis, Greek footballer
● 1977 - Marcus Thames, American baseball player
● 1978 - Sage Rosenfels, American Football Player
● 1979 - David Flair, American professional wrestler
● 1979 - Erik Bedard, Canadian baseball player
● 1979 - Ryan Nyquist, American BMX rider
● 1979 - Tim Howard, American soccer player
● 1980 - Ross Mawhinney, British-born Italian radio DJ
● 1981 - Ellen Muth, American actress
● 1983 - Andranik Teymourian, Iranian footballer
● 1984 - Becky, Japanese-British entertainer
● 1985 - Albert Reed, American model
● 1986 - Eli Marienthal, American actor
● 1986 - Jimmy Galeota, Actor
● 1992 - Momoko Tsugunaga, Japanese singer
● 1996 - Savanah Stehlin, American actress
DEATHS
● 766 - Chrodegang of Metz, Frankish bishop of Metz
● 1252 - Saint Rose of Viterbo, Italian saint (b. 1235)
● 1490 - Ivan the Young, Ruler of Tver (b. 1458)
● 1531 - Pedrarias Dávila, Spanish conquistador
● 1627 - Krzysztof Zbaraski, Polish statesman (b. 1580)
● 1754 - Henry Pelham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1694)
● 1758 - Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington, English politician (b. 1705)
● 1764 - Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1690)
● 1796 - Guillaume Thomas François Raynal, French writer (b. 1713)
● 1836 - Davy Crockett, American frontiersman (b. 1786) {Killed defending the Alamo}
● 1836 - James Butler Bonham, American lawyer from South Carolina and soldier (b. 1807) {Killed defending the Alamo}
● 1836 - Jim Bowie, American pioneer and soldier (b. 1796) {Killed defending the Alamo}
● 1836 - William Barret Travis, American lawyer from South Carolina and soldier (b. 1809) {Killed defending the Alamo}
● 1842 - Constanze Mozart, wife of W.A. Mozart (b. 1763)
● 1854 - Charles William Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry, British soldier and politician (b. 1778)
● 1860 - Justus Johann Friedrich Dotzauer, German cellist and composer (b. 1783)
● 1866 - William Whewell, English scientist, philosopher, and historian of science (b. 1794)
● 1881 - Horatia Nelson, the illegitimate daughter of Emma Hamilton and Horatio Nelson (b. 1801)
● 1888 - Louisa May Alcott, American novelist (b. 1832)
● 1895 - Camilla Collett, Norwegian writer and feminist (b. 1813)
● 1899 - Victoria Kaiulani, Hawaiian princess (b. 1875)
● 1900 - Gottlieb Daimler, German engineer and industrialist (b. 1834)
● 1905 - John Henninger Reagan, American Confederate politician (b. 1818)
● 1932 - John Philip Sousa, American band leader, conductor, and composer (b. 1854)
● 1933 - Anton Cermak, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1873)
● 1935 - Fridolf Rhudin Swedish actor and comedian (b. 1895)
● 1939 - Ferdinand von Lindemann, German mathematician (b. 1852)
● 1941 - Gutzon Borglum, Danish sculptor (b. 1867)
● 1948 - Ross Lockridge, Jr., American novelist (b. 1914)
● 1950 - Albert Lebrun, President of France (b. 1871)
● 1951 - Ivor Novello, Welsh actor, musician, and composer (b. 1893)
● 1951 - Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Ukrainian politician and statesman (b. 1880)
● 1952 - Jürgen Stroop, Nazi SS-leader (executed) (b. 1895)
● 1961 - George Formby, British comedian and singer (b. 1904)
● 1964 - King Paul of Greece (b. 1901)
● 1965 - Margaret Dumont, American actress (b. 1889)
● 1967 - John Haden Badley, English author and educator (b. 1865)
● 1967 - Nelson Eddy, American singer and actor (b. 1901)
● 1967 - Zoltán Kodály, Hungarian composer (b. 1882)
● 1969 - Nadya Rusheva, Russian painter (b. 1952)
● 1970 - William Hopper, American actor (b. 1915)
● 1971 - Thurston Dart, English harpsichordist and conductor (b. 1921)
● 1973 - Pearl S. Buck, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
● 1976 - Max 'Slapsie Maxie' Rosenbloom, American boxer and actor (b. 1903)
● 1981 - George Geary, English cricketer (b. 1893)
● 1982 - Ayn Rand, Russian-American author (b. 1905)
● 1985 - Henry Wilcoxon, Dominican actor (b. 1905)
● 1986 - Georgia O'Keeffe, American artist (b. 1887)
● 1993 - Douglas Marland, American writer (b. 1935)
● 1994 - Melina Mercouri, Greek actress, political activist, and politician (b. 1920)
● 1997 - Cheddi Jagan, President of Guyana (b. 1918)
● 1997 - Michael Manley, Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1924)
● 1998 - Frank Barrett, American baseball player (b. 1913)
● 1999 - Dennis Viollet, former footballer (b. 1933)
● 1999 - Isa ibn Salman Al Khalifah, emir of Bahrain (b. 1933)
● 2000 - John Colicos, Canadian actor (b. 1928)
● 2001 - Kim Walker, American actress (b. 1968)
● 2002 - Bryan Fogarty, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1969)
● 2003 - John Sanford, American author (b. 1904)
● 2004 - Frances Dee, American actress (b. 1909)
● 2004 - Ray Fernandez, American professional wrestler (b. 1957)
● 2005 - Danny Gardella, American baseball player (b. 1920)
● 2005 - Hans Bethe, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
● 2005 - Teresa Wright, American actress (b. 1918)
● 2005 - Tommy Vance, British radio disc jockey (b. 1943)
● 2006 - Dana Reeve, American actress, wife of Christopher Reeve (b. 1961)
● 2006 - King Floyd, American musician (b. 1945)
● 2006 - Kirby Puckett, American baseball player (b. 1960)
● 2007 - Allen Coage (aka "Bad News Brown"), American professional wrestler and judoka (b. 1943)
● 2007 - Ernest Gallo, American winemaker (b. 1909)
● 2007 - Jean Baudrillard, French cultural theorist, philosopher, political commentator and photographer (b. 1929)
● 2007 - Kevin Megeney, Canadian Solider (b. 1982)
HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES
● Roman Catholic:
● St. Baldred
● St. Balther
● St. Basil
● St. Bilfrid
● St. Cadroe
● St. Chrodegang
● St. Colette aka St. Coleta of Ghent
● St. Conon
● St. Evagrius
● St. Fridolin
● Sts. Kyneburga, Kyneswide, & Tibba
● St. Marcian
● St. Olegarius
● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 23 (Civil Date: March 6)
● Hieromartyr Polycarp, Bishop of Smyrna.
● Saints John, Antioch, Antoninus, Moses, Zebinas, Polychronius, Moses and Damian, ascetics of the Syrian deserts.
● St. Alexander, founder of the Order of the Unsleeping Ones.
● St. Gorgonia, sister of St. Gregory the Theologian.
● St. Damian of Esphigmenou Skete on Mt. Athos.
● St. Moses, monk of Byelozersk.
● St. Polycarp, monk of Briansk.
● New-Martyr Damian, monk of Mt. Athos, who suffered at Larissa.
● Greek Calendar:
● Martyr Clement.
● Martyr Thea.
● Repose of Abbot Nazarius of Valaam (1809).
● Old Roman Catholic:
● Feast of Sts. Perpetua & Felicitas, martyrs (now 3/7)
● Panamá : Jesus Nazarene of Atalaya
● Ghana - Independence Day (from Britain, 1957)
● Guam - Magellan Day/Discovery Day (1521)
● Texas - Alamo Day
● US - Stoneware Pottery Appreciation Day
THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.
This Previous Day in History Post With
This Original Wikipedia List form the core of this post.
Additional facts taken from:
Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.
Roman Catholic Saint of the Day
Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar
Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004
Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004 Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from 1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004
Permanent Backlink to Post
Day of the week in surrounding years:
1978,. . . .,1989,1995,2000—MON—2006
1979,1984,1990,. . . .,2001—TUE—2007
. . . .,1985,1991,1996,2002—WED—. . . .
1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—THU—2008
1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—FRI—2009
1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—SAT—2010
1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—SUN—2011
PASCAL DATE INFORMATION
Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.
March 6 is the 32nd possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 118 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 19th/20th of the 36 dates.
It occurred on this date previously in the years:
379, 390, 463, 474, 485, 558, 569, 580, 653, 664, 748, 827, 911, 922, 995, 1006, 1017, 1090, 1101, 1112, 1185, 1196, 1280, 1359, 1443, 1454, 1527, 1538, 1549, 1585, 1647, 1658, 1669, 1680, 1715, 1726, 1737, 1867, 1878, 1889, 1935, 1946, 1957
It will occur on this date in the future in the years:
2019, 2030, 2041, 2052, 2109, 2171, 2182, 2193, 2239, 2250, 2261, 2272, 2307, 2318, 2329, 2402, 2413, 2424, 2486, 2497, 2554, 2565, 2576, 2611, 2622, 2633, 2644, 2701, 2763, 2774, 2785, 2796, 2858, 2869, 2880, 2926, 2937, 2948, 3005, 3016, 3078, 3089, 3135, 3146, 3157, 3168, 3230, 3241, 3252, 3309, 3320, 3382, 3393, 3450, 3461, 3472, 3518, 3529, 3540, 3602, 3613, 3624, 3697, 3765, 3776, 3822, 3833, 3844, 3901, 3912, 3974, 3985, 3996, 4069, 4080
Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Free Speech "Free speech is about as good a cause as the world has ever known." — Heywood Broun
Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Compassionate Conservatism "One of the major accomplishments of the last Congress was the end to the Federal entitlement to welfare. And I recognize that there are many skeptics, many doomsayers who wail and lament and beat their chests and say that society, specifically those poor and needy in our communities, that they are doomed . . ." — Rep. Kenny Hulshof (R-MD), Congressional Record, H883, 3-11-97—Part 1 of 2 {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports "Jesus Alou is in the on-deck circus." — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.
{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}
MOON PHASE
Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)
Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 2% Age: 95% Rise: 5:58 AM Set: 5:22 PM
Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)
Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 2% Age: 95% Rise: 6:13 AM Set: 5:44 PM
Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)
Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 2% Age: 95% Rise: 5:58 AM Set: 5:09 PM
Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)
Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 3% Age: 95% Rise: 5:36 AM Set: 4:42 PM
NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY
Vela Supernova Remnant
Credit & Copyright: Robert Gendler
Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation
EVENTS
● 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar.
● 1205 - Aken, [Philips van Zwaben], crowned Roman-Catholic German King
● 1447 - Nicholas V becomes Pope.
● 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of the Prussian Confederation pledged allegiance to Casimir IV of Poland, and the Polish king agreed to help in their struggle for independence from the Teutonic Knights.
● 1479 - Treaty of Alcaçovas - Portugal gives the Canary Islands to Castile in exchange for claims in West Africa.
● 1521 - Ferdinand Magellan arrives at Guam.
● 1579 - Veluwe joins Union of Utrecht
● 1590 - Earl Mauritius conquerors Breda "turfschip of Breda"
● 1628 - Emperor Ferdinand II delegates Restitutie-edict
● 1629 - In Germany, the Edict of Restitution ordered that all church property secularized since 1552 be restored to the Roman Catholic Church.
● 1646 - Joseph Jenkes, Massachusetts, receives 1st colonial machine patent
● 1664 - King Louis XIV & Emperor of Brandenburg signs covenant
● 1714 - Peace of Rastatt: French emperor Charles VI of Habsburg
● 1728 - Spain & England sign (1st) Convention of Pardo
● 1735 - English revivalist George Whitefield wrote in a letter: 'The renewal of our natures is a work of great importance. It is not to be done in a day. We have not only a new house to build up, but an old one to pull down.'
● 1759 - English founder of Methodism John Wesley wrote in a letter: 'There is a wonderful mystery in the manner and circumstances of that mighty working, whereby God subdues all things to himself, and leaves nothing in the heart but his pure love alone.'
● 1775 - 1st Negro Mason in US initiated, Boston
● 1788 - The First Fleet arrives at Norfolk Island in order to found a convict settlement.
● 1799 - Napoleon captures Jaffa Palestine
● 1806 - Poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning was born in Durham, England.
● 1810 - Illinois passes 1st state vaccination legislation in US
● 1816 - Jews are expelled from Free city of Lubeck Germany
● 1820 - The Missouri Compromise is signed into law by President James Monroe. The compromise allows Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, but makes the rest of the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase territory slavery-free.
● 1831 - Edgar Allen Poe removed from West Point military academy
● 1834 - York, Upper Canada is incorporated as Toronto with William Lyon Mackenzie as its 1st mayor.
● 1836 - HMS Beagle/Darwin reaches King George's Sound, Australia
● 1836 - Texas Revolution: Battle of the Alamo - After a 13-day siege by an army of 3,000 Mexican troops, the 189 Texas volunteers defending the Alamo are defeated and the fort taken. The other side of the coin -- Mexican troops defend their country's abolitionist constitution, defeat foreign slaveholders. San Antonio, Texas. Remember the Alamo.
● 1854 - At the Washington Monument, several men stole the Pope's Stone from the lapidarium.
● 1856 - The University of Maryland, College Park is chartered as the Maryland Agricultural College.
● 1857 - Dred Scott decision by U.S. Supreme Court opens federal territory to slavery and denies citizenship to blacks, ruling that blacks are not entitled to protection under the law. The "unhappy Black Race," wrote Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney in his opinion, had never possessed "rights which the white man was bound to respect."
● 1861 - Provisionary Confederate Congress establishes Confederate Army
● 1862 - Battle of Pea Ridge AR (Elkhorn Tavern)
● 1865 - Battle of Natural Bridge, Florida
● 1865 - President Lincoln's 2nd Inaugural Ball
● 1869 - Dmitri Mendeleev presents the first periodic table to the Russian Chemical Society.
● 1870 - Birth of Eugene Humbert, French anarchist militant, Metz. Militant libertarian, pacifist, neo-Malthusian. Killed in prison during WWII Allied bombing, the day before his release.
● 1882 - Monarch Milan Obrenovic of Serbia crowns himself king
● 1884 - Susan B. Anthony and more than 100 other suffragists present President Chester Arthur with a demand that he support women's right to vote. They failed, but the two women's suffrage groups -- the National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Woman Suffrage Association -- soon merged and worked for the next 36 years toward passage of the 19th Amendment, in 1920.
● 1885 - Ring Lardner, the American writer and satirist, was born.
● 1886 - 1st US alternating current power plant starts, Great Barrington MA
● 1899 - Bayer registers aspirin as a trademark.
● 1900 - A coal mine explosion in West Virginia traps 50 coal miners.
● 1901 - In Bremen an assassin attempts to kill Wilhelm II of Germany.
● 1902 - Census Bureau forms
● 1906 - Heavy storm bursts dike flooding Vlissingen, Netherlands
● 1906 - Nora Blatch becomes 1st woman elected to American Society of Civil Engineers
● 1907 - British creditors of the Dominican Republic claimed that the U.S. had failed to collect debts.
● 1913 - Joe Hill's song "There is Power in a Union" first appears in the IWW's "Little Red Song Book."
● 1915 - Greek King Constantine I fires premier Venizelos
● 1918 - US naval collier "Cyclops" disappears in Bermuda Triangle
● 1919 - Death of Julia H. Johnston, 70, American Presbyterian Sunday School leader. She penned about 500 hymns during her lifetime, one of which is still sung today: "Grace Greater Than Our Sin" (a.k.a. "Marvelous Grace of our Loving Lord").
● 1921 - Kamenev and "Snowball" (Trotsky) issue ultimatum to rebelling soldiers and sailors in Kronstadt.
● 1921 - Police in Sunbury PA issue an edict requiring Women to wear skirts at least 4 inches below the knee {As if they had the power to do so! Idiots!!}
● 1921 - The Portuguese Communist Party is founded as the Portuguese Section of the Communist International.
● 1924 - British Labour government cuts military budget
● 1925 - Belgium annexes Eupen, Malmedy, and Sankt Vith.
● 1925 - Pionerskaya Pravda, one of the oldest children's newspapers in Europe, is founded.
● 1928 - A Communist attack on Peking, China resulted in 3,000 dead and 50,000 fled to Swatow.
● 1929 - Turkey & Bulgaria sign friendship treaty
● 1930 - A National Trade-Union Unity League council in Madison, Wis., marches around the Capitol Square. During the march, a crowd of Univ. of Wisconsin students attack council leader Lottie Blumenthal, throwing her to the ground, manhandling other demonstrators, and destroying banners and pamphlets. Police arrest five university athletes who led the attack. One of the arrested athletes says (quote) - "We are getting so damned many radical Jews here that something must be done."
● 1930 - Brooklyn's Clarence Birdseye develops a method for quick freezing food
● 1930 - Demonstrations by unemployed workers demanding unemployment insurance occur in virtually every major city in the country. Police attacked a crowd of 35,000 in New York City -- others estimated 100,000 attendees -- and 10,000 people engaged in a melee with police in Cleveland. Republican congressman Hamilton Fish, with the support of the American Federation of Labor (AFL), also introduces a measure in Congress to create a committee to investigate radical activities. This is the beginning of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC).
● 1933 - Death of Amos R. Wells, 71, pioneer U.S. Christian educator. From 1901 until his death, he was editor of "Peloubet's Notes for the International Sunday School Lessons."
● 1933 - Poland occupies free city Danzig (Gdansk)
● 1933 - Pres. Roosevelt closes all U.S. banks. Alas, they reopened.
● 1935 - Retired Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. died two days shy of his 94th birthday.
● 1936 - Belgium ends Locarno-pact
● 1939 - In Spain, Jose Miaja took over the Madrid government after a military coup and vowed to seek "peace with honor."
● 1940 - 1st US telecast from an airplane, New York NY
● 1940 - Winter War: An armistice is signed by Finland and the Soviet Union.
● 1943 - Battle at Medenine, North-Africa; Rommels assault attack
● 1943 - Sukarno asks for cooperation with Japanese occupiers
● 1944 - USAF begins daylight bombing of Berlin
● 1945 - 117 SD-prisoners executed at Savage Farm
● 1945 - A communist-dominated government under Petru Groza assumes power in Romania.
● 1945 - Assassination attempt on Höhere, SS Police führer Rauter
● 1945 - Chinese 38th division occupies Lashio
● 1945 - Erich Honnecker & Erich Hanke flee Nazis
● 1946 - Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh signs an agreement with France which recognizes Vietnam as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the French Union.
● 1947 - The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the contempt conviction of John L. Lewis.
● 1947 - Winston Churchill announced that he opposed British troop withdrawals from India.
● 1947 - XB-45, 1st US 4-engine jet bomber, makes 1st test flight, Muroc CA
● 1948 - USS Newport News, the first air-conditioned naval ship, is launched from Newport News, Virginia.
● 1951 - Belgium extends conscription to 24 months
● 1951 - The trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg begins.
● 1953 - Georgy Maksimilianovich Malenkov succeeds Josef Stalin as Premier and First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
● 1956 - West Germany amends constitution to permit military conscription.
● 1957 - Israel withdraws its troops from the Sinai Peninsula.
● 1957 - United Kingdom colonies Gold Coast and British Togoland become the independent Republic of Ghana.
● 1959 - Farthest radio signal heard (Pioneer IV, 400,000 miles)
● 1960 - President Sukarno disbands Indonesia's parliament
● 1960 - Switzerland granted women the right to vote in municipal elections.
● 1960 - The United States announced that it would send 3,500 troops to Vietnam. {All Repugs note, this was during the Eisenhower Administration.}
● 1961 - 1st London minicabs introduced
● 1961 - 'Ukulele king' Formby dies; One of Britain's most popular entertainers, George Formby, has died after suffering a heart attack.
● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
● 1962 - US promise Thailand assistance against communist aggression
● 1964 - Constantine II becomes King of Greece succeeding Paul I.
● 1964 - Prophet Elijah Muhammad officially gives Cassius Clay the name Muhammad Ali meaning "beloved of Allah". {Ali has since left the Black Moslem movement and follows a more traditional form of the religion.}
● 1964 - Protest against Sheraton Palace Hotel's discrimination in hiring, San Francisco.
● 1965 - 1st nonstop helicopter crossing of North America, JR Willford
● 1965 - First American soldier "officially" sets foot on battlefield in Vietnam.
● 1967 - Stalin's daughter Svetlana Allilujeva asks for political asylum in US
● 1967 - U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson announced his plan to establish a draft lottery.
● 1969 - Nine thousand march at University of Washington to protest Vietnam War.
● 1970 - Cult leader and suspected murderer Charles Manson releases an album titled Lies: The Love & Terror Cult to help finance his defense.
● 1970 - Police respond violently to a peaceful student protest at Roosevelt High in East Los Angeles, arresting 37 students; many other students are injured.
● 1970 - Rabies ban on British pet imports; The British Government announces an indefinite ban on the importation of domestic pets.
● 1970 - Three Weathermen blow themselves up in Greenwich Village (house of Cathy Wilkerson's father) - Diana Oughton, Cathlyn Wilkerson, Kathy Boudin.
● 1971 - First annual meeting of Nebraskans for Peace.
● 1971 - First national women's liberation demonstration held in Britain.
● 1972 - Supreme Court rules that Squamish tribal courts do not have jurisdiction over crimes committed by non-Indians on reservations, a major blow to protection of inherent sovereignty.
● 1972 - Wildcat strike at Lordstown, Ohio GM plant where workers were not expected to resist work discipline (according to company calculations). The company and the union got a big surprise.
● 1973 - Former Equity Funding Corporation official accuses the company of perpetuating a $120 million swindle involving 60,000 fictitious life insurance policies.
● 1973 - U.S. President Richard Nixon imposed price controls on oil and gas.
● 1974 - Miners' strike comes to an end; UK coal workers bring an end to a 16 week dispute following a pay increase of over 30%.
● 1975 - Algiers Accord: Iran and Iraq announce a settlement over their border dispute.
● 1975 - Nonviolent march demanding the return of democracy, Delhi, India.
● 1978 - Hustler publisher Larry Flynt shot & crippled by a sniper in Georgia
● 1980 - French Academy, founded in 1635, elects it 1st woman novelist (Marguerita Youcenar)
● 1980 - Islamic militants in Tehran said that they would turn over American hostages to the Revolutionary Council. {Eventually the Council would make a deal with candidate Reagan that would release the hostages after his inauguration. Only the first of his many impeachable offenses.}
● 1981 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
● 1981 - Soyuz 39 returns to Earth
● 1981 - U.S. President Reagan announced a plan to cut 37,000 federal jobs.
● 1981 - Walter Cronkite appeared on his last episode of "CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite." He had been on the job 19 years.
● 1982 - Libertarian cult hero Ayn Rand, 77, author of "The Fountainhead" and "Atlas Shrugged," dies in New York.
● 1982 - U.N. University for Peace founded. San Jose, Costa Rica.
● 1983 - A woman in New Bedford, Mass., reported being gang-raped atop a pool table in a tavern; four men were later convicted.
● 1984 - One-year coal strike begins in England. In the end, Thatcher wins.
● 1985 - Mexican authorities find body of US drug agent Enrique C Salaazar
● 1986 - USSR's Vega 1 flies by Halley's Comet at 8,889 km
● 1987 - 6.8 earthquake hits Ecuador, kills 100
● 1987 - The British ferry M/S Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes in about 90 seconds after leaving the harbour of Zeebrugge, Belgium en route to Dover, England across the English Channel, killing 193.
● 1988 - 3 IRA suspects were shot dead in Gibraltar by SAS officers
● 1988 - Students at Gallaudet University go on strike in favor of the selection of a deaf university president. The protest is called Deaf President Now.
● 1990 - In Afghanistan, an attempted coup to remove President Najibullah from office failed.
● 1990 - SR-71 sets a transcontinental record, flying 2,404 miles in 1:08:17
● 1990 - The Russian Parliament passed a law that sanctioned the ownership of private property.
● 1991 - Following Iraq's capitulation in the Persian Gulf conflict, President Bush told Congress that "aggression is defeated; The war is over"
● 1991 - In Paris, five men were jailed for plotting to smuggle Libyan arms to the Irish Republican Army.
● 1992 - Founding of the Council of the Baltic Sea States.
● 1992 - The Michelangelo computer virus begins to affect computers.
● 1993 - Angolans die in battle for Huambo; Hundreds of people are reported to have died in clashes between the rebel Unita movement and Angolan government forces in the central town of Huambo.
● 1994 - Referendum in Moldova results in the electorate voting against possible reunification with Romania.
● 1996 - Hundreds demonstrate for an end to all violence, Palestine.
● 1997 - Britain's Queen Elizabeth II launched the first official royal Web site.
● 1997 - Picasso's painting Tête de Femme is stolen from a London gallery, and is recovered a week later.
● 1998 - 1st time the British flag is flown over Buckingham Palace
● 1998 - A Connecticut state lottery accountant gunned down three supervisors and the lottery chief before killing himself.
● 2000 - Three white New York police officers were convicted of a cover-up in a police station attack on Haitian immigrant Abner Louima.
● 2002 - Haida nation initiates lawsuit against British Columbia and federal Canadian governments, demanding aboriginal rights not only to their land, but the maritime resources throughout their native Queen Charlottte Islands.
● 2006 - Gov. Mike Rounds signed legislation banning most abortions in South Dakota. (The ban was rejected by the state's voters in November).
● 2007 - Former White House aide I. Lewis Libby, Jr. was found guilty on four of five counts of perjury and obstruction of justice trial. {The War Chimp would commute his prison sentence and Scooter would not spend a single day in jail.}
BIRTHS
● 1340 - John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (d. 1399)
● 1405 - King John II of Castile (1406-54) (d. 1454)
● 1459 - Jacob Fugger, German banker (d. 1525)
● 1475 - Michelangelo, Italian artist (d. 1564)
● 1483 - Francesco Guicciardini, Italian statesman and historian (d. 1540)
● 1495 - Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet (d. 1556)
● 1619 - Cyrano de Bergerac, French soldier, poet (d. 1655)
● 1663 - Francis Atterbury, British man of letters (d. 1732)
● 1706 - George Pocock, British admiral (d. 1792)
● 1716 - Pehr Kalm, Swedish explorer and naturalist (d. 1779)
● 1724 - Henry Laurens, American President of Continental Congress (1777-78) (d. 1792)
● 1761 - Antoine-Francois Andreossy, French General (d. 1828)
● 1779 - Antoine-Henri Jomini, French general (d. 1869)
● 1787 - Joseph von Fraunhofer, German physicist (d. 1826)
● 1806 - Elizabeth Barrett Browning, British poet (d. 1861)
● 1812 - Aaron Lufkin Dennison American watch manufacturer (d. 1895)
● 1817 - Princess Clémentine of Orléans (d. 1907)
● 1818 - William Claflin, 27th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1905)
● 1831 - Philip Sheridan, American Civil War Union cavalry officer (d. 1888)
● 1834 - George du Maurier British illustrator and writer (d. 1896)
● 1844 - Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer and editor (d. 1908)
● 1870 - Oscar Straus, Viennese operetta composer (d. 1954)
● 1882 - F. Burrall Hoffman, American architect (d. 1980)
● 1885 - Ring Lardner, American writer (d. 1933)
● 1899 - Furry Lewis, American blues guitarist (d. 1981)
● 1903 - Empress Kōjun of Japan (d. 2000)
● 1904 - José Antonio Aguirre, Basque politician (d. 1960)
● 1904 - Joseph Schmidt, Austrian tenor (d. 1942)
● 1905 - Bob Wills, American singer (d. 1975)
● 1906 - Lou Costello, American actor comedian (d. 1959)
● 1914 - Kiril Kondrashin, Russian conductor (d. 1981)
● 1915 - Pete Gray, American baseball player (d. 2002)
● 1915 - Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin, Bohra spiritual leader
● 1917 - Frankie Howerd, English comedian (d. 1992)
● 1917 - Will Eisner, American illustrator and cartoonist (d. 2005)
● 1919 - Maurice Grosse, British paranormal investigator (d. 2006)
● 1923 - Ed McMahon, American television personality (''The Tonight Show,'' ''Star Search'')
● 1924 - William Webster, Former FBI and CIA director
● 1925 - Wes Montgomery, American musician (d. 1968)
● 1926 - Alan Greenspan, American economist
● 1926 - Andrzej Wajda, Polish film director
● 1927 - Gabriel García Márquez, Colombian writer, Nobel Prize laureate
● 1927 - Gordon Cooper, astronaut (d. 2004)
● 1927 - Norman Treigle, American bass-baritone (d. 1975)
● 1930 - Lorin Maazel, French-born American conductor
● 1931 - Hal Needham, American stuntman
● 1933 - Ted Abernathy, American baseball player (d. 2004)
● 1934 - John Noakes, British television presenter
● 1935 - Ron Delany, Irish athlete
● 1936 - Bob Akin, American industrialist and race car driver (d. 2002)
● 1936 - Jean Boht, English actress
● 1936 - Marion Barry Jr., American politician
● 1937 - Doug Dillard, Country singer
● 1937 - Ivan Boesky, American stock trader
● 1937 - Valentina Tereshkova, cosmonaut
● 1939 - Adam Osborne, British author and computer designer (d. 2003)
● 1939 - Christopher Bond, U.S. senator, R-MO
● 1939 - Cookie Rojas, baseball player
● 1939 - Infanta Margarita of Spain, duchess of Soria
● 1940 - Joanna Miles, Actress
● 1940 - Willie Stargell, baseball player (d. 2001)
● 1942 - Ben Murphy, American actor
● 1944 - Kiri Te Kanawa, New Zealand singer
● 1944 - Mary Wilson, American singer (Supremes)
● 1945 - Hugh Grundy, Rock musician (The Zombies)
● 1946 - David Gilmour, British musician (Pink Floyd)
● 1947 - Dick Fosbury, American athlete
● 1947 - Kiki Dee, British singer
● 1947 - Martin Kove, American actor
● 1947 - Rob Reiner, American actor, comedian, and film producer
● 1947 - Teru Miyamoto, Japanese author
● 1948 - Anna Maria Horsford, American actress
● 1949 - Martin Buchan, Scottish footballer
● 1949 - Shaukat Aziz, Prime Minister of Pakistan
● 1951 - Gerrie Knetemann, Dutch cyclist (d. 2004)
● 1953 - Jacklyn Zeman, American actress
● 1953 - Jan Kjærstad, Norwegian author
● 1955 - Alberta Watson, Canadian actress
● 1958 - Eddie Deezen, American actor
● 1959 - Saul Anuzis, American politician
● 1959 - Tom Arnold, American actor and comedian
● 1962 - Valerie French, American animatronics art director
● 1963 - D.L. Hughley, American comedian and actor
● 1964 - Madonna Wayne Gacy, American musician
● 1964 - Skip Ewing, Country songwriter
● 1964 - Yvette Wilson, Actress
● 1966 - Alan Davies, British comedian and actor
● 1967 - Shuler Hensley, Actor
● 1968 - Connie Britton, Actress ("Spin City," "24," "Friday Night Lights")
● 1968 - Michael Romeo, American musician
● 1968 - Moira Kelly, American actress
● 1969 - Amy Pietz, Actress
● 1969 - Andrea Elson, American actress
● 1969 - Greg Scott, British TV personality
● 1969 - Tari Phillips, American basketball player
● 1970 - Shane Brolly, British actor
● 1971 - Darrick Martin, American basketball player
● 1971 - Sean Morley, American professional wrestler
● 1972 - Shaquille O'Neal, American basketball player
● 1972 - Terry Murphy, Northern Irish snooker player
● 1973 - Michael Finley, American basketball player
● 1973 - Trent Willmon, Country singer
● 1974 - Beanie Sigel, Rapper
● 1974 - Sebastian Siegel, British-American actor
● 1974 - Shan Farmer, Country musician (Ricochet)
● 1975 - Aracely Arambula, Mexican actress and singer
● 1976 - Ken Anderson, American professional wrestler
● 1977 - Bubba Sparxxx, Rapper
● 1977 - Giorgos Karagounis, Greek footballer
● 1977 - Marcus Thames, American baseball player
● 1978 - Sage Rosenfels, American Football Player
● 1979 - David Flair, American professional wrestler
● 1979 - Erik Bedard, Canadian baseball player
● 1979 - Ryan Nyquist, American BMX rider
● 1979 - Tim Howard, American soccer player
● 1980 - Ross Mawhinney, British-born Italian radio DJ
● 1981 - Ellen Muth, American actress
● 1983 - Andranik Teymourian, Iranian footballer
● 1984 - Becky, Japanese-British entertainer
● 1985 - Albert Reed, American model
● 1986 - Eli Marienthal, American actor
● 1986 - Jimmy Galeota, Actor
● 1992 - Momoko Tsugunaga, Japanese singer
● 1996 - Savanah Stehlin, American actress
DEATHS
● 766 - Chrodegang of Metz, Frankish bishop of Metz
● 1252 - Saint Rose of Viterbo, Italian saint (b. 1235)
● 1490 - Ivan the Young, Ruler of Tver (b. 1458)
● 1531 - Pedrarias Dávila, Spanish conquistador
● 1627 - Krzysztof Zbaraski, Polish statesman (b. 1580)
● 1754 - Henry Pelham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1694)
● 1758 - Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington, English politician (b. 1705)
● 1764 - Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1690)
● 1796 - Guillaume Thomas François Raynal, French writer (b. 1713)
● 1836 - Davy Crockett, American frontiersman (b. 1786) {Killed defending the Alamo}
● 1836 - James Butler Bonham, American lawyer from South Carolina and soldier (b. 1807) {Killed defending the Alamo}
● 1836 - Jim Bowie, American pioneer and soldier (b. 1796) {Killed defending the Alamo}
● 1836 - William Barret Travis, American lawyer from South Carolina and soldier (b. 1809) {Killed defending the Alamo}
● 1842 - Constanze Mozart, wife of W.A. Mozart (b. 1763)
● 1854 - Charles William Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry, British soldier and politician (b. 1778)
● 1860 - Justus Johann Friedrich Dotzauer, German cellist and composer (b. 1783)
● 1866 - William Whewell, English scientist, philosopher, and historian of science (b. 1794)
● 1881 - Horatia Nelson, the illegitimate daughter of Emma Hamilton and Horatio Nelson (b. 1801)
● 1888 - Louisa May Alcott, American novelist (b. 1832)
● 1895 - Camilla Collett, Norwegian writer and feminist (b. 1813)
● 1899 - Victoria Kaiulani, Hawaiian princess (b. 1875)
● 1900 - Gottlieb Daimler, German engineer and industrialist (b. 1834)
● 1905 - John Henninger Reagan, American Confederate politician (b. 1818)
● 1932 - John Philip Sousa, American band leader, conductor, and composer (b. 1854)
● 1933 - Anton Cermak, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1873)
● 1935 - Fridolf Rhudin Swedish actor and comedian (b. 1895)
● 1939 - Ferdinand von Lindemann, German mathematician (b. 1852)
● 1941 - Gutzon Borglum, Danish sculptor (b. 1867)
● 1948 - Ross Lockridge, Jr., American novelist (b. 1914)
● 1950 - Albert Lebrun, President of France (b. 1871)
● 1951 - Ivor Novello, Welsh actor, musician, and composer (b. 1893)
● 1951 - Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Ukrainian politician and statesman (b. 1880)
● 1952 - Jürgen Stroop, Nazi SS-leader (executed) (b. 1895)
● 1961 - George Formby, British comedian and singer (b. 1904)
● 1964 - King Paul of Greece (b. 1901)
● 1965 - Margaret Dumont, American actress (b. 1889)
● 1967 - John Haden Badley, English author and educator (b. 1865)
● 1967 - Nelson Eddy, American singer and actor (b. 1901)
● 1967 - Zoltán Kodály, Hungarian composer (b. 1882)
● 1969 - Nadya Rusheva, Russian painter (b. 1952)
● 1970 - William Hopper, American actor (b. 1915)
● 1971 - Thurston Dart, English harpsichordist and conductor (b. 1921)
● 1973 - Pearl S. Buck, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
● 1976 - Max 'Slapsie Maxie' Rosenbloom, American boxer and actor (b. 1903)
● 1981 - George Geary, English cricketer (b. 1893)
● 1982 - Ayn Rand, Russian-American author (b. 1905)
● 1985 - Henry Wilcoxon, Dominican actor (b. 1905)
● 1986 - Georgia O'Keeffe, American artist (b. 1887)
● 1993 - Douglas Marland, American writer (b. 1935)
● 1994 - Melina Mercouri, Greek actress, political activist, and politician (b. 1920)
● 1997 - Cheddi Jagan, President of Guyana (b. 1918)
● 1997 - Michael Manley, Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1924)
● 1998 - Frank Barrett, American baseball player (b. 1913)
● 1999 - Dennis Viollet, former footballer (b. 1933)
● 1999 - Isa ibn Salman Al Khalifah, emir of Bahrain (b. 1933)
● 2000 - John Colicos, Canadian actor (b. 1928)
● 2001 - Kim Walker, American actress (b. 1968)
● 2002 - Bryan Fogarty, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1969)
● 2003 - John Sanford, American author (b. 1904)
● 2004 - Frances Dee, American actress (b. 1909)
● 2004 - Ray Fernandez, American professional wrestler (b. 1957)
● 2005 - Danny Gardella, American baseball player (b. 1920)
● 2005 - Hans Bethe, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
● 2005 - Teresa Wright, American actress (b. 1918)
● 2005 - Tommy Vance, British radio disc jockey (b. 1943)
● 2006 - Dana Reeve, American actress, wife of Christopher Reeve (b. 1961)
● 2006 - King Floyd, American musician (b. 1945)
● 2006 - Kirby Puckett, American baseball player (b. 1960)
● 2007 - Allen Coage (aka "Bad News Brown"), American professional wrestler and judoka (b. 1943)
● 2007 - Ernest Gallo, American winemaker (b. 1909)
● 2007 - Jean Baudrillard, French cultural theorist, philosopher, political commentator and photographer (b. 1929)
● 2007 - Kevin Megeney, Canadian Solider (b. 1982)
HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES
● Roman Catholic:
● St. Baldred
● St. Balther
● St. Basil
● St. Bilfrid
● St. Cadroe
● St. Chrodegang
● St. Colette aka St. Coleta of Ghent
● St. Conon
● St. Evagrius
● St. Fridolin
● Sts. Kyneburga, Kyneswide, & Tibba
● St. Marcian
● St. Olegarius
● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 23 (Civil Date: March 6)
● Hieromartyr Polycarp, Bishop of Smyrna.
● Saints John, Antioch, Antoninus, Moses, Zebinas, Polychronius, Moses and Damian, ascetics of the Syrian deserts.
● St. Alexander, founder of the Order of the Unsleeping Ones.
● St. Gorgonia, sister of St. Gregory the Theologian.
● St. Damian of Esphigmenou Skete on Mt. Athos.
● St. Moses, monk of Byelozersk.
● St. Polycarp, monk of Briansk.
● New-Martyr Damian, monk of Mt. Athos, who suffered at Larissa.
● Greek Calendar:
● Martyr Clement.
● Martyr Thea.
● Repose of Abbot Nazarius of Valaam (1809).
● Old Roman Catholic:
● Feast of Sts. Perpetua & Felicitas, martyrs (now 3/7)
● Panamá : Jesus Nazarene of Atalaya
● Ghana - Independence Day (from Britain, 1957)
● Guam - Magellan Day/Discovery Day (1521)
● Texas - Alamo Day
● US - Stoneware Pottery Appreciation Day
THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.
This Previous Day in History Post With
This Original Wikipedia List form the core of this post.
Additional facts taken from:
Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.
Roman Catholic Saint of the Day
Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar
Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004
Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004 Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from 1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004
Permanent Backlink to Post
Wednesday, March 05, 2008
March 5......
March 5 is the 64th day of the year (65th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 301 days remaining in the year on this date.
Day of the week in surrounding years:
1979,1984,1990,. . . .,2001—MON—2007
. . . .,1985,1991,1996,2002—TUE—. . . .
1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—WED—2008
1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—THU—2009
1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—FRI—2010
1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—SAT—2011
. . . .,1989,1995,2000,2006—SUN—. . . .
PASCAL DATE INFORMATION
Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.
March 5 is the 31st possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 128 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 13th/14th/15th of the 36 dates.
It occurred on this date previously in the years:
363, 368, 447, 458, 531, 542, 553, 615, 626, 637, 648, 710, 721, 732, 805, 816, 895, 900, 979, 990, 1063, 1074, 1085, 1147, 1158, 1169, 1180, 1242, 1253, 1264, 1337, 1348, 1427, 1432, 1511, 1522, 1631, 1642, 1710, 1783, 1794, 1851, 1862, 1919, 1924, 1930, 2003
It will occur on this date in the future in the years:
2014, 2025, 2087, 2098, 2155, 2166, 2177, 2223, 2234, 2302, 2375, 2386, 2397, 2459, 2470, 2481, 2527, 2538, 2549, 2606, 2617, 2679, 2690, 2747, 2758, 2769, 2831, 2842, 2853, 2864, 2910, 2921, 2983, 2994, 3051, 3062, 3073, 3119, 3130, 3141, 3203, 3214, 3225, 3236, 3287, 3298, 3355, 3366, 3377, 3388, 3423, 3434, 3445, 3456, 3502, 3513, 3575, 3586, 3597, 3608, 3659, 3670, 3681, 3692, 3727, 3738, 3749, 3760, 3806, 3817, 3828, 3879, 3890, 3947, 3958, 3969, 3980, 4031, 4042, 4053, 4064
Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Freedom "Freedom to differ is not limited to things that do not matter much. That would be a mere shadow of freedom. The test of its substance is the right to differ as to things that touch the heart of the existing order." — Robert Jackson
Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Free Speech For Me (But Not For Thee) "I don't mind people trying to pick apart my policies, and that's fine and that's fair game but, you know, I don't think we're serving our nation well by allowing the discourse to become so uncivil that people say, use words the they shouldn't be using." — George W. "War Criminal" Bush in an interview with Brit Hume on Fox News, "Bush responds to Kennedy's criticism of Iraq policies," Associated Press, 9-22-03. {Tell me Georgie, would those words be things like "war monger" and "war criminal?" If the shoe fits, wear it.}
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports "Thomas is racing for it, but McCovey is there and can't get his glove to it. That play shows the inexperience, not on Thomas's part, but on the part of Willie McC . . . well, not on McCovey's part, either." — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.
{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}
MOON PHASE
Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)
Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 6% Age: 92% Rise: 5:30 AM Set: 4:12 PM
Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)
Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 7% Age: 92% Rise: 5:42 AM Set: 4:38 PM
Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)
Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 7% Age: 92% Rise: 5:33 AM Set: 3:57 PM
Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)
Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 7% Age: 91% Rise: 5:11 AM Set: 3:30 PM
NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY
The International Space Station Expands Again
Credit: STS-122 Shuttle Crew, NASA
Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation
EVENTS
● 254 – St. Lucius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
● 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a campaign which will bring about his own death.
● 1046 - Naser Khosrow begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book Safarnama.
● 1179 - The Third Lateran Council opened under Alexander III. It was attended by 300 bishops who enacted measures against the Waldenses and Albigensians. Lateran III also mandated that Popes were to be elected by two-thirds vote from the assembled cardinals.
● 1461 - Henry VI was deposed by Duke of York during War of the Roses
● 1496 - English King Henry VII grants to Henry Cabot the right to "subdue, occupy, and possess" any lands that he might find in the New World.
● 1528 - Utrecht Governor Maarten van Rossum plunders The Hague
● 1555 - French-born Swiss reformer John Calvin wrote in a letter to Philip Melanchthon: 'It behooves us to accomplish what God requires of us, even when we are in the greatest despair respecting the results.'
● 1558 - Smoking tobacco introduced in Europe by Francisco Fernandes
● 1579 - Betuwe joins Union of Utrecht
● 1616 - Copernicus' "de Revolutionibus" placed on Catholic Forbidden index
● 1623 - 1st American temperance law enacted, Virginia
● 1624 - In the American colony of Virginia, the upper class was exempted from whipping by legislation.
● 1651 - South Sea dike in Amsterdam breaks after storm
● 1684 - Emperor Leopold I, Poland & Venice sign Heilig Covenant of Linz
● 1689 - Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham is named Secretary of State for the Northern Department.
● 1743 - In Boston, editor Thomas Prince published the first issue of his weekly, "The Christian History." It was the first religious journal published in America.
● 1746 - Jakobijnse troops leave Aberdeen
● 1766 - Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans.
● 1770 - Boston Massacre. Tri-racial American revolutionist Crispus Attucks became America's first black hero (despite evidence he may not have been black at all, but rather, a Natick Indian) when he joined a mob attacking a British peacekeeping force and was shot (the first American killed in the revolution) during the ensuing melee. In all, five were killed and another six injured. {The British troops involved were later charged with murder. John Adams would serve as their lawyer during the trial.}
● 1783 - King Stanislaus Augustus Poniatowski grants rights to Jews of Kovno
● 1784 - Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney is named President of the Board of Trade.
● 1793 - French troops are defeated by Austrian forces and Liège is recaptured.
● 1795 - Amsterdam celebrates Revolution on the Dam; Square of Revolution
● 1795 - Treaty of Basel-Prussia ends war with France
● 1820 - Dutch city of Leeuwarden forbids Jews to go to synagogues on Sundays
● 1821 - Monroe is 1st President inaugurated on March 5th, because 4th was Sun
● 1824 - First Burmese War: The British officially declare war on Burma.
● 1836 - Mexico attacks Alamo
● 1836 - Samuel Colt makes the first production-model revolver (.34-caliber).
● 1842 - Over 500 Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas, briefly occupy San Antonio and then head back to the Rio Grande.
● 1845 - Congress appropriates $30,000 to ship camels to western US
● 1848 - In Battle of Abiqua, whites attack Klamath tribe camp at Abiqua Creek near Salem, Oregon Territory; 13 men and women killed.
● 1848 - Louis Antoine Garnier-Pages is named French minister of Finance.
● 1849 - Zachary Taylor sworn in as 12th President
● 1850 - Birth of Daniel B. Towner, American music evangelist. An associate of D.L. Moody, Towner composed over 2,000 hymn tunes, including AT CALVARY ("Years I Spent in Vanity and Pride"), MOODY ("Marvelous Grace of our Loving Lord") and TRUST AND OBEY ("When We Walk With the Lord").
● 1850 - The Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait between the Isle of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales is opened.
● 1856 - Georgia becomes 1st state to regulate railroads
● 1860 - Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join Kingdom of Sardinia.
● 1861 - The "Stars and Bars" is adopted as the flag of the Confederate States of America.
● 1862 - Union troops under Brigadier-General Wright occupy Fernandina FL
● 1867 - An abortive Fenian uprising against English rule took place in Ireland.
● 1868 - A court of impeachment is organized in the United States Senate to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson.
● 1868 - Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito premieres at La Scala.
● 1868 - Stapler patented in England by C H Gould
● 1871 - Birth of Rosa Luxemburg (1871-1919), Samosc, Poland. Jewish Polish leader in German socialist and anti-war movements. Founded, with Karl Liebinecht, the radical Spartacus League in 1916. After the Spartacist uprising in Berlin, they were arrested and murdered by German soldiers.
● 1872 - George Westinghouse patents the air brake.
● 1877 - Rutherford B. Hayes is publicly inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States (he was privately inaugurated on March 3).
● 1879 - The first group of black so-called exodusters, en route to Kansas, arrives in St. Louis aboard the steamer Colorado. Eager to escape harsh sharecropper contracts, pass laws, imprisonment, and murder, thousands of African Americans are looking to Kansas as the promised land. Many pour onto the steamboats nearly destitute and knowing nothing about the state. Tennessee cabinetmaker "Pap" Singleton, who calls himself the Father of the Colored Exodus, prints handbills encouraging the migration. Later this year, Singleton Colony is established near what becomes Emporia, Kansas. A steamboat strike will slow the migration and, by 1881, the flood of "exodusters" is reduced to a trickle.
● 1882 - Birth of Dora Marsden (1882-1960) lives. British individualist anarchist and militant suffragette.
● 1886 - In Paris, the anarchist Charles Gallo throws a bottle of hydrocyanic acid into the Stock Exchange. The bottle does not explode, but spreads a bad smell which set off a panic. Gallo then draws randomly fired five shots with a revolver without hitting anyone.
● 1890 - Birth of writer and anarchist revolutionary B. Traven (1890-1969), Chicago. Traven kept his identity secret for years; variously reported to have been born in 1882 and in Poland, his roots were revealed to the world only upon his death. Anarchist author, aka Ret Marut, Hal Croves, Bruno Traven, Traven Torsvan, Otto Feige. Spent a portion of his life hiding his tracks, changing identity, country, and jobs. A Stirnerite anarchist, he joined the Bavarian Soviet of 1919 with Gustav Landauer and other anarchists. Escaping adeath sentence in Munich, he disappeared and eventually wound up in Mexico, formally emigrating and renouncing his U.S. citizenship in 1951. Among his internationally best-selling novels, many set among the poor of southern Mexico, the best known is "The Treasure of Sierra Madre."
● 1894 - Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery becomes First Lord of the Treasury.
● 1894 - Seattle authorizes 1st municipal employment office in US
● 1896 - Italian Governor of Eritrea, General Baldissera, reaches Massawa
● 1896 - Italian premier Crispi resigns
● 1897 - American Negro Academy forms
● 1900 - Two U.S. battleships leave for Nicaragua to halt revolutionary disturbances.
● 1901 - Germany and Britain began negotiations with hopes of creating an alliance.
● 1902 - In France, the National Congress of Miners decided to call for a general strike for an 8-hour day.
● 1904 - Nikola Tesla, in Electrical World and Engineer, describes the process of ball lightning formation.
● 1905 - Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in three days.
● 1907 - 1st radio broadcast of a musical composition aired
● 1907 - The second Duma opens in St. Petersburg, Russia and 40,000 demonstrators have to be dispersed by Russian troops.
● 1908 - 1st ascent of Mount Erebus, Antarctica
● 1908 - Sir Rex Harrison, the Academy Award-winning English stage and film actor, was born.
● 1910 - In Philadelphia, PA, 60,000 people left their jobs to show support for striking transit workers.
● 1910 - The Moroccan envoy signed the 1909 agreement with France.
● 1912 - Spanish steamer "Principe de Asturias" sinks northeast of Spain, 500 die
● 1912 - The Italians became the first to use dirigibles for military purposes. They used them for reconnaissance flights behind Turkish lines west of Tripoli.
● 1915 - World War I: LZ 33, a zeppelin, is damaged by enemy fire and stranded south of Ostend.
● 1917 - First edition of "Pravda" printed.
● 1917 - Wobblies (Industrial Workers of the World, aka IWW) go on trial, Everett, Washington.
● 1917 - Woodrow Wilson is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
● 1918 - Bolshevist Russia moves the national capital from Petrograd to Moscow.
● 1923 - Montana & Nevada become 1st states to enact old age pension laws
● 1924 - Computing-Tabulating-Recording Corp becomes IBM
● 1924 - King Hussein of Hedzjaz appoints himself kalief
● 1924 - Shefqet Verlaci becomes Prime Minister of Albania.
● 1927 - U.S. Marines land in China "to protect U.S. property" during a civil war there.
● 1931 - Daniel Salamanca Urey is named President of Bolivia.
● 1931 - Gandhi & British viceroy Lord Irwin sign pact
● 1933 - Germany's Nazi Party wins majority in parliament (43.9%-17.2M votes)
● 1933 - Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions for a period of ten days.
● 1934 - Mother-in-law's day 1st celebrated (Amarillo TX)
● 1935 - 1st premature baby health law in US (Chicago)
● 1936 - First flight of the Supermarine Spitfire fighter airplane Type 300.
● 1937 - U.S. officially apologizes to Nazi Germany for New York Mayor LaGuardia's reference to Adolf Hitler as a "brown-shirted fanatic." {Somebody should have given the mayor a medal for straight talk and clear thinking.}
● 1940 - Members of Soviet politburo sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POWs, known also as the Katyn massacre.
● 1942 - Bosnia Tito establishes 3rd Proletarit Brigade in Bosnia
● 1942 - Japanese troop march into Batavia
● 1943 - Anti fascist strikes in Italy
● 1943 - First flight of Gloster Meteor jet aircraft in the United Kingdom.
● 1943 - Germany called fifteen and sixteen year olds for military service due to war losses.
● 1943 - RAF bombs Essen Germany
● 1944 - Italian anarchist Pasquale Binazzi, 71, dies, Spezia.
● 1945 - Allies bombs The Hague, Netherlands
● 1945 - Generals Eisenhower, Patton & Patch meet in Luneville
● 1945 - US 7th Army Corps captures Cologne
● 1945 - World War II: "Battle of the Ruhr" begins.
● 1946 - Hungarian Communists and Social Democrats co-found the Left Bloc.
● 1946 - Winston Churchill uses the phrase "Iron Curtain" in his speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri.
● 1948 - US rocket flies record 4800 KPH to 126k height
● 1949 - The Jharkhand Party is founded in India.
● 1951 - The religious program "Circuit Rider" debuted over ABC television. The broadcast featured music selections and biographies of evangelists, and was produced by Franklin W. Dyson.
● 1953 - Stalin dies of stroke, Moscow, USSR. Also known as the lovable/huggable "Napoleon" in George Orwell's "Animal Farm." He had been in power for 29 years.
● 1956 - US court victory for black students; The United States Supreme Court upholds a ban on racial segregation in state schools, colleges and universities.
● 1957 - British Gold Coast becomes Ghana, first independent nation of sub-Saharan Africa.
● 1957 - Eamon de Valera's Fianna Fail-party wins election in Ireland
● 1958 - Explorer 2 spacecraft launches, fails to reach Earth orbit.
● 1958 - Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is established.
● 1958 - U.S. B-47 jettisons atomic bomb off Georgia coast after mid-air collision.
● 1959 - Iran & US sign economic & military treaty
● 1960 - Aquatic Ape Hypothesis originates when Alister Hardy publicly announces his idea that ape-human divergence may have been due to a coastal phase.
● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
● 1963 - Country music singer Patsy Cline died in a plane crash near Camden, Tenn., at age 30.
● 1964 - Ceylon declares emergency crisis due to unrest.
● 1966 - 75 MPH air currents cause BOAC 707 crash above Mount Fuji, 124 die
● 1966 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
● 1968 - U.S. launches Solar Explorer B, aka Explorer 37 from Wallops Island to study the Sun.
● 1969 - Gustav Heinemann elected President of West-Germany
● 1970 - 3 SDS Weathermen terrorist group bomb 18 West 11th St in New York NY
● 1970 - A nuclear non-proliferation treaty goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations. Thank Almighty we have George W. "War Criminal" to show us the error of our ways.
● 1970 - Dubnium atoms are first detected conclusively.
● 1973 - Donald DeFreeze, future Symbionese Liberation Army leader, escapes from Vacaville Prison.
● 1973 - Mid-air collision kills 68; Sixty-eight passengers and crew die when two Spanish aircraft collide in mid-air over France.
● 1974 - Yom Kippur War: Israeli forces withdraw from the west bank of the Suez Canal.
● 1976 - British pound falls below $2 U.S. for the first time.
● 1977 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter appeared on CBS News with Walter Cronkite for the first "Dial-a-President" radio talk show.
● 1978 - China adopts new constitution stressing economic development over revolutionary ideology. Retains extensive sections guaranteeing due process and freedom. (Try not to giggle.)
● 1978 - Landsat 3 is launched from Vandenberg AFB in California.
● 1979 - Earth satellites record gamma rays from remnants of supernova N-49 from the Large Magellanic Cloud, leading to the discovery of soft gamma repeaters.
● 1979 - Voyager 1's closest approach to Jupiter, 172,000 miles.
● 1981 - US government grants Atlanta $1 million to search for black boy murderer
● 1982 - Comedian John Belushi was found dead of a drug overdose at age 33.
● 1982 - Venera 14, a Soviet satellite arrives at the planet Venus.
● 1983 - Bob Hawke (Labour) defeats Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser (Conservative)
● 1984 - Standard Oil of California (now Unocal) buys Gulf Oil.
● 1984 - Supreme Court (5-4); city may use public money for Nativity scene
● 1984 - US accuse Iraq of using poison gas {We should know, we sold it to them.}
● 1988 - Constitution of Turks and Caicos Islands is restored and revised.
● 1988 - Simultaneous demonstrations against nuclear "mafia," Essen, Gorleben, Frankfurt, and Regensburg, West Germany.
● 1991 - Iraq released all Gulf War prisoners and repealed its annexation of Kuwait
● 1992 - Ethics committee votes to reveal congressmen who bounced checks
● 1993 - Fokker 100 crashes at Skopje Macedonia, 81 die
● 1993 - Johnson gets life ban from athletics; Disgraced Olympic sprinter Ben Johnson is banned from athletics for life after failing a drugs test for a second time.
● 1994 - Ukraine, voluntarily agreeing to give up nuclear weapons, begins transfer of its nuclear stockpile to Russia.
● 1995 - Estonia Centrumlinkse Coalition party wins parliamentary election
● 1995 - Graves of czar Nicholas & family found in St Petersburg
● 1995 - The Free Internet Chess Server was brought online and remains operational today.
● 1997 - Representatives of North Korea and South Korea met for first time in 25 years, for peace talks in New York.
● 1998 - It was announced that Air Force Lt. Col. Eileen Collins would lead crew of Columbia on a mission to launch a large X-ray telescope. She was the first woman to command a space shuttle mission.
● 1998 - NASA announces that the Clementine probe orbiting the Moon has found enough water to support a human colony and rocket fueling station.
● 1999 - Paul Okalik is elected first Premier of Nunavut.
● 2001 - In Mecca, 35 Muslim pilgrims are crushed to death during the annual Hajj pilgrimage.
● 2001 - Santana High School shooting: A student shoots at other students at Santana High School in Santee, California, killing two and wounding thirteen.
● 2001 - Vice President Dick Cheney underwent an angioplasty for a partially blocked artery after going to a hospital with chest pains.
● 2003 - In Haifa, 17 Israeli civilians are killed by a Hamas suicide bomb in the Haifa bus 37 massacre.
● 2003 - Natalie Maines of the Dixie Chicks provokes controversy in the U.S. by stating that the band was "ashamed the president of the United States is from Texas."
● 2004 - Martha Stewart was found guilty of lying about the reason for selling 3,298 shares of ImClone Systems stock, conspiracy, making false statement and obstruction of justice.
● 2004 - The Ottawa Senators and Philadelphia Flyers set a record for most penalty minutes in one game with 419.
● 2005 - The Burkinabé Party for Democracy and Socialism holds its 1st National Convention
● 2006 - AT&T Inc. announced it was buying BellSouth Corp., a big step toward resurrecting the old Ma Bell telephone system.
BIRTHS
● 1133 - King Henry II of England (d. 1189)
● 1324 - King David II of Scotland (d. 1371)
● 1512 - Gerardus Mercator, Flemish cartographer (d. 1594)
● 1563 - John Coke, English politician (d. 1644)
● 1575 - William Oughtred, English mathematician (d. 1660)
● 1585 - John George I, Elector of Saxony (d. 1656)
● 1637 - Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter of cityscapes (d. 1712)
● 1658 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French explorer (d. 1730)
● 1693 - Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian (d. 1754)
● 1696 - Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1770)
● 1703 (N.S.) - Vasily Kirillovich Trediakovsky, Russian poet (d. 1768)
● 1723 - Princess Mary of Great Britain (d. 1773)
● 1739 - Benjamin Ruggles Woodbridge, doctor, Massachusetts militia officer, member of the Massachusetts legislature (d. 1819)
● 1748 - Jonas C. Dryander, Swedish botanist (d. 1810)
● 1748 - William Shield, English musician (d. 1829)
● 1750 - Jean-Baptiste Gaspard d'Ansse de Villoison, French classical scholar (d. 1805)
● 1794 - Jacques Babinet, French physicist (d. 1872)
● 1794 - Robert Cooper Grier, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1870)
● 1814 - Wilhelm von Giesebrecht, German historian (d. 1889)
● 1815 - John Wentworth, American politician (d. 1888)
● 1817 - Austen Henry Layard, English archaeologist (d. 1894)
● 1836 - Charles Goodnight, American cattle rancher (d. 1929)
● 1852 - Lady Augusta Gregory, Irish writer and playwright (d. 1932)
● 1853 - Howard Pyle, American author and illustrator (d. 1911)
● 1867 - Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Premier of Quebec (d. 1952)
● 1869 - Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal and archbishop (d. 1952)
● 1870 - Frank Norris, American writer (d. 1902)
● 1871 - Rosa Luxemburg, Socialist revolutionary (d. 1919)
● 1873 - Olav Bjaaland, Norwegian explorer and cross-country skier (d. 1961)
● 1874 - Arthur Schendel, Dutch novelist and short-story writer (d. 1946)
● 1874 - Henry Travers, British actor (d. 1965)
● 1876 - Edouard Belin, French engineer and inventor (d. 1963)
● 1879 - Sir William Beveridge, British economist (d. 1963)
● 1883 - Marius Barbeau, French Canadian ethnographer and folklorist (b. 1969)
● 1886 - Dong Biwu, High-ranking member of the Communist Party of China (d. 1975)
● 1887 - Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian composer (d. 1959)
● 1897 - Set Persson, Swedish communist politician (d. 1960)
● 1898 - Soong May-ling, Chinese wife of Chiang Kai-Shek (d. 2003)
● 1898 - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1976)
● 1904 - Karl Rahner, German theologian (d. 1984)
● 1908 - Irving Fiske, American writer, playwright, (d. 1990)
● 1908 - Sir Rex Harrison, English actor (d. 1990)
● 1910 - Józef Marcinkiewicz, Polish mathematician (d. 1940)
● 1914 - Philip Farkas, American horn player and teacher (d. 1992)
● 1915 - Laurent Schwartz, French mathematician (d. 2002)
● 1918 - James Tobin, American economist, Nobel laureate (d. 2002)
● 1918 - Milt Schmidt, Canadian ice hockey player, coach and manager
● 1918 - Red Storey, Canadian football player and ice hockey referee (d. 2006)
● 1920 - José Aboulker, Algerian anti-Nazi resistance fighter
● 1920 - Virginia Christine, American actress (d. 1996)
● 1921 - Elmer Valo, American baseball player (d. 1998)
● 1922 - James Noble, American actor
● 1922 - Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian writer and film director (d. 1975)
● 1923 - David Nathan, Welsh journalist (d. 1966)
● 1923 - Laurence Tisch, American investor
● 1927 - Jack Cassidy, American actor (d. 1976)
● 1929 - Erik Carlsson, Swedish rally driver
● 1930 - Del Crandall, American baseball player
● 1931 - Barry Tuckwell, Australian horn virtuoso
● 1931 - Fred Othon Aristidès, French comics artist
● 1934 - Daniel Kahneman, Israeli economist, Nobel laureate
● 1934 - James B. Sikking, American actor
● 1936 - Canaan Banana, first President of Zimbabwe (d. 2003)
● 1936 - Dean Stockwell, American actor
● 1937 - Olusẹgun Ọbasanjọ, President of Nigeria
● 1938 - Fred Williamson, American football player and actor
● 1938 - Paul Evans, American singer and songwriter
● 1939 - Peter Woodcock, Canadian serial killer
● 1939 - Pierre Wynants, Belgian chef
● 1939 - Samantha Eggar, English actress
● 1940 - Malcolm Hebden, English actor
● 1942 - Felipe González, Prime Minister of Spain
● 1942 - Mike Resnick, American science fiction author
● 1943 - Billy Backus, American boxer
● 1944 - Lucio Battisti, Italian singer (d. 1998)
● 1944 - Roy Gutman, American journalist, Pulitzer Prize winner
● 1945 - Paschal English, American Survivor contestant
● 1946 - Michael Warren, Actor
● 1947 - Clodagh Rodgers, Irish singer
● 1947 - Eddie Hodges, American actor and singer
● 1947 - Kent Tekulve, American baseball player
● 1948 - Eddy Grant, Guyana-born singer
● 1948 - Elaine Paige, English singer and actress
● 1948 - Paquirri, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1984)
● 1948 - Richard Hickox, English musical conductor
● 1949 - Franz Josef Jung, Commander-in-chief of the German Bundeswehr
● 1951 - Giorgos Ninios, Greek actor
● 1952 - Alan Clark, English keyboardist (Dire Straits)
● 1954 - Marsha Warfield, American actress, comedienne
● 1955 - Penn Jillette, American magician and comedian
● 1956 - Adriana Barraza, Actress ("Babel")
● 1956 - Teena Marie, American singer
● 1957 - Mark E. Smith, English singer (The Fall)
● 1958 - Andy Gibb, English-born Australian singer and teen idol (d. 1988)
● 1959 - David Fury, American television writer and producer
● 1959 - Vazgen Sargsyan, Armenian politician (d. 1999)
● 1960 - David Tibet, English musician (Current 93)
● 1962 - Charlie and Craig Reid, Scottish musicians (The Proclaimers)
● 1962 - Jonathan Penner, American reality show contestant
● 1966 - Aasif Mandvi, Indian-born American actor and comedian
● 1966 - Bob Halkidis, Canadian hockey player
● 1966 - Michael Irvin, American football player
● 1969 - MC Solaar, French rapper
● 1970 - John Frusciante, American musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
● 1970 - Lisa Robin Kelly, American actress
● 1970 - Rome, R&B singer
● 1971 - Evil Jared Hasselhoff, American musician (Bloodhound Gang)
● 1971 - Jeffrey Hammonds, American baseball player
● 1971 - Yuri Lowenthal, American actor/author/painter
● 1972 - Luca Turilli, Italian musician (Rhapsody)
● 1973 - Ryan Franklin, American baseball player
● 1973 - Yannis Anastasiou, Greek footballer
● 1974 - Eva Mendes, American actress
● 1974 - Jens Jeremies, German footballer
● 1974 - Kevin Connolly, American television actor and comedian
● 1974 - Matt Lucas, English comedian
● 1975 - Jolene Blalock, American actress (''Enterprise'' and "Shark")
● 1975 - Luciano Burti, Brazilian racing driver
● 1975 - Niki Taylor, American model
● 1975 - Sasho Petrovski, Australian soccer player
● 1976 - Katerina Matziou, Greek actress
● 1976 - Paul Konerko, American baseball player
● 1976 - Šarūnas Jasikevičius, Lithuanian basketball player
● 1977 - Bryan Berard, American ice hockey player
● 1977 - Mike MacDougal, American baseball player
● 1977 - Wally Szczerbiak, American basketball player
● 1978 - Mike Hessman, American baseball player
● 1979 - Tang Gonghong, Chinese weightlifter
● 1981 - Andreas Wiig, Norwegian snowboarder
● 1981 - Paul Martin, American ice hockey player
● 1981 - Shugo Oshinari, Japanese actor
● 1982 - Daniel Carter, New Zealand rugby player
● 1982 - Giorgia Palmas, Italian television personality and model
● 1985 - Ken'ichi Matsuyama, Japanese actor
● 1986 - Matty Fryatt, English footballer
● 1988 - Bjarni Viðarsson, Icelandic footballer
● 1988 - Trevor Carson, Northern Irish footballer
● 1989 - Jake Lloyd, American actor (''Star Wars'' films)
DEATHS
● 1534 - Antonio da Correggio, Italian painter (b. 1489)
● 1539 - Nuno da Cunha, Portuguese governor in India (b. 1487)
● 1592 - Michael Coxcie, Flemish painter (b. 1499)
● 1611 - Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese warlord and samurai (b. 1533)
● 1622 - Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma (b. 1569)
● 1695 - Henry Wharton, English writer (b. 1664)
● 1726 - Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull, English politician
● 1776 - Yeongjo of Joseon, ruler of Korea (b. 1694)
● 1778 - Thomas Augustine Arne, English composer (b. 1710)
● 1815 - Franz Mesmer, Austrian developer of hypnotism (b. 1734)
● 1827 - Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist (b. 1745)
● 1827 - Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician (b. 1749)
● 1829 - John Adams, last surviving HMS Bounty mutineer (b. 1766)
● 1849 - David Scott, Scottish painter (b. 1806)
● 1876 - Marie d'Agoult, German-born writer (b. 1805)
● 1893 - Hippolyte Taine, French historian (b. 1828
● 1895 - Henry Rawlinson, British soldier and scholar (b. 1810)
● 1895 - Nikolai Leskov, Russian writer (b. 1831)
● 1903 - George Francis Robert Henderson, British soldier (b. 1854)
● 1907 - Friedrich Blass, German classical scholar (b. 1843)
● 1925 - Johan Jensen, Danish mathematician (b. 1859)
● 1926 - Clément Ader, French aviation pioneer (b. 1841)
● 1927 - Franz Mertens, German mathematician (b. 1840)
● 1931 - Fr. Arthur Tooth SSC, Anglican Clergyman prosecuted and imprisoned for ritualist activities (b. 1839)
● 1940 - Cai Yuanpei, Chinese educator (b. 1868)
● 1944 - Max Jacob, French poet and writer (b. 1876)
● 1945 - Lena Baker, American murderer (b. 1901)
● 1947 - Alfredo Casella, Italian composer (b. 1883)
● 1953 - Herman J. Mankiewicz, American screenwriter (b. 1897)
● 1953 - Joseph Stalin, Georgian leader of the Soviet Union (b. 1879)
● 1953 - Sergei Prokofiev, Russian composer, (b. 1891)
● 1955 - Antanas Merkys, President of Lithuania (b. 1888)
● 1963 - Cowboy Copas, American singer (b. 1913)
● 1963 - Hawkshaw Hawkins, American singer (b. 1921)
● 1963 - Patsy Cline, American singer (b. 1932)
● 1965 - Chen Cheng, Chinese politician (b. 1897)
● 1965 - Pepper Martin, American baseball player (b. 1904)
● 1966 - Anna Akhmatova, Russian poet (b. 1889)
● 1967 - Georges Vanier, Governor General of Canada (b. 1888)
● 1974 - Billy De Wolfe, American actor (b. 1907)
● 1974 - Sol Hurok, Russian-born impresario (b. 1888)
● 1977 - Jansen Van Vuuren, Dutch volunteer safety marshall at the 1977 South African Grand Prix
● 1977 - Tom Pryce, British Formula One driver (1977 South African Grand Prix)
● 1980 - Jay Silverheels, Canadian actor (b. 1912) {Tonto of "What do you mean 'WE,' white man fame.}
● 1980 - Winifred Wagner, German opera producer (b. 1897)
● 1981 - Yip Harburg, American lyricist (b. 1896)
● 1982 - John Belushi, American actor (b. 1949)
● 1984 - Tito Gobbi, Italian baritone (b. 1915)
● 1984 - William Powell, American actor (b. 1892)
● 1988 - Alberto Olmedo, Argentine comedian (b. 1933)
● 1990 - Gary Merrill, American film actor (b. 1915)
● 1993 - Cyril Collard, French author and filmmaker (b. 1957)
● 1995 - Gregg Hansford, Australian motorcycle and touring car racer (b. 1952)
● 1995 - Vivian Stanshall, English musician (Bonzo Dog Band) (b. 1943)
● 1996 - Whit Bissell, American actor (b. 1909)
● 1997 - Samm Sinclair Baker, American diet author (b. 1909)
● 1999 - Richard Kiley, American actor (b. 1922)
● 2000 - Lolo Ferrari, French actress (b. 1962)
● 2004 - Walt Gorney, American actor (b. 1912)
● 2006 - Richard Kuklinski, American Mafia hit man (b. 1935)
HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES
● Roman Catholic:
● St. Adrian (died 308)
● St. Caron
● St. Carthach
● St. Ciarán Saighir, patron of the Diocese of Ossory
● St. Colman of Armagh
● St. Eusebius of Cremona
● St. Gerarda
● St. Gerasimus
● St. John-Joseph of the Cross
● St. Kieran
● St. Olivia (died 308)
● Sts. Phocas and Antioch
● St. Piran's Day - Cornwall's national day.
● St. Theophile (died 195)
● St. Virgilius of Arles
● Bl. Dionysius Fugishima
● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 22 (Civil Date: March 5)
● Opening of the Relics of Holy Martyrs at the gate of Eugenius at Constantinople.
● Martyrs Maurice and his son Photinus, and Martyrs Theodore, Philip, and 70 soldiers, at Apamea in Syria.
● Saints Thalassius, Limnaeus, and Baradates, hermits of Syria.
● St. Athanasius the confessor of Constantinople.
● St. Telesphorus, pope of Rome.
● St. Peter the Stylite of Mt. Athos.
● New-Martyr Theoktista Michailovna, fool-for-Christ of Voronezh (1936).
● New-Martyr priest Michael Lisicin (1918).
● Greek Calendar:
● Martyr Anthusa and her 12 servants.
● St. Blaise, Bishop
● Repose of "Golden Grits" (Gregory) (1855)
● Repose of Schema-nun Avramia of Kashin (1855).
● Boston MA - Boston Massacre Day (1770)
● China - Learn from Lei Feng Day
THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.
This Previous Day in History Post With
This Original Wikipedia List form the core of this post.
Additional facts taken from:
Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.
Roman Catholic Saint of the Day
Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar
Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004
Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004 Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from 1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004
Permanent Backlink to Post
Day of the week in surrounding years:
1979,1984,1990,. . . .,2001—MON—2007
. . . .,1985,1991,1996,2002—TUE—. . . .
1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—WED—2008
1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—THU—2009
1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—FRI—2010
1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—SAT—2011
. . . .,1989,1995,2000,2006—SUN—. . . .
PASCAL DATE INFORMATION
Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.
March 5 is the 31st possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 128 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 13th/14th/15th of the 36 dates.
It occurred on this date previously in the years:
363, 368, 447, 458, 531, 542, 553, 615, 626, 637, 648, 710, 721, 732, 805, 816, 895, 900, 979, 990, 1063, 1074, 1085, 1147, 1158, 1169, 1180, 1242, 1253, 1264, 1337, 1348, 1427, 1432, 1511, 1522, 1631, 1642, 1710, 1783, 1794, 1851, 1862, 1919, 1924, 1930, 2003
It will occur on this date in the future in the years:
2014, 2025, 2087, 2098, 2155, 2166, 2177, 2223, 2234, 2302, 2375, 2386, 2397, 2459, 2470, 2481, 2527, 2538, 2549, 2606, 2617, 2679, 2690, 2747, 2758, 2769, 2831, 2842, 2853, 2864, 2910, 2921, 2983, 2994, 3051, 3062, 3073, 3119, 3130, 3141, 3203, 3214, 3225, 3236, 3287, 3298, 3355, 3366, 3377, 3388, 3423, 3434, 3445, 3456, 3502, 3513, 3575, 3586, 3597, 3608, 3659, 3670, 3681, 3692, 3727, 3738, 3749, 3760, 3806, 3817, 3828, 3879, 3890, 3947, 3958, 3969, 3980, 4031, 4042, 4053, 4064
Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Freedom "Freedom to differ is not limited to things that do not matter much. That would be a mere shadow of freedom. The test of its substance is the right to differ as to things that touch the heart of the existing order." — Robert Jackson
Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Free Speech For Me (But Not For Thee) "I don't mind people trying to pick apart my policies, and that's fine and that's fair game but, you know, I don't think we're serving our nation well by allowing the discourse to become so uncivil that people say, use words the they shouldn't be using." — George W. "War Criminal" Bush in an interview with Brit Hume on Fox News, "Bush responds to Kennedy's criticism of Iraq policies," Associated Press, 9-22-03. {Tell me Georgie, would those words be things like "war monger" and "war criminal?" If the shoe fits, wear it.}
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports "Thomas is racing for it, but McCovey is there and can't get his glove to it. That play shows the inexperience, not on Thomas's part, but on the part of Willie McC . . . well, not on McCovey's part, either." — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.
{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}
MOON PHASE
Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)
Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 6% Age: 92% Rise: 5:30 AM Set: 4:12 PM
Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)
Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 7% Age: 92% Rise: 5:42 AM Set: 4:38 PM
Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)
Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 7% Age: 92% Rise: 5:33 AM Set: 3:57 PM
Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)
Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 7% Age: 91% Rise: 5:11 AM Set: 3:30 PM
NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY
The International Space Station Expands Again
Credit: STS-122 Shuttle Crew, NASA
Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation
EVENTS
● 254 – St. Lucius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
● 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a campaign which will bring about his own death.
● 1046 - Naser Khosrow begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book Safarnama.
● 1179 - The Third Lateran Council opened under Alexander III. It was attended by 300 bishops who enacted measures against the Waldenses and Albigensians. Lateran III also mandated that Popes were to be elected by two-thirds vote from the assembled cardinals.
● 1461 - Henry VI was deposed by Duke of York during War of the Roses
● 1496 - English King Henry VII grants to Henry Cabot the right to "subdue, occupy, and possess" any lands that he might find in the New World.
● 1528 - Utrecht Governor Maarten van Rossum plunders The Hague
● 1555 - French-born Swiss reformer John Calvin wrote in a letter to Philip Melanchthon: 'It behooves us to accomplish what God requires of us, even when we are in the greatest despair respecting the results.'
● 1558 - Smoking tobacco introduced in Europe by Francisco Fernandes
● 1579 - Betuwe joins Union of Utrecht
● 1616 - Copernicus' "de Revolutionibus" placed on Catholic Forbidden index
● 1623 - 1st American temperance law enacted, Virginia
● 1624 - In the American colony of Virginia, the upper class was exempted from whipping by legislation.
● 1651 - South Sea dike in Amsterdam breaks after storm
● 1684 - Emperor Leopold I, Poland & Venice sign Heilig Covenant of Linz
● 1689 - Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham is named Secretary of State for the Northern Department.
● 1743 - In Boston, editor Thomas Prince published the first issue of his weekly, "The Christian History." It was the first religious journal published in America.
● 1746 - Jakobijnse troops leave Aberdeen
● 1766 - Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans.
● 1770 - Boston Massacre. Tri-racial American revolutionist Crispus Attucks became America's first black hero (despite evidence he may not have been black at all, but rather, a Natick Indian) when he joined a mob attacking a British peacekeeping force and was shot (the first American killed in the revolution) during the ensuing melee. In all, five were killed and another six injured. {The British troops involved were later charged with murder. John Adams would serve as their lawyer during the trial.}
● 1783 - King Stanislaus Augustus Poniatowski grants rights to Jews of Kovno
● 1784 - Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney is named President of the Board of Trade.
● 1793 - French troops are defeated by Austrian forces and Liège is recaptured.
● 1795 - Amsterdam celebrates Revolution on the Dam; Square of Revolution
● 1795 - Treaty of Basel-Prussia ends war with France
● 1820 - Dutch city of Leeuwarden forbids Jews to go to synagogues on Sundays
● 1821 - Monroe is 1st President inaugurated on March 5th, because 4th was Sun
● 1824 - First Burmese War: The British officially declare war on Burma.
● 1836 - Mexico attacks Alamo
● 1836 - Samuel Colt makes the first production-model revolver (.34-caliber).
● 1842 - Over 500 Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas, briefly occupy San Antonio and then head back to the Rio Grande.
● 1845 - Congress appropriates $30,000 to ship camels to western US
● 1848 - In Battle of Abiqua, whites attack Klamath tribe camp at Abiqua Creek near Salem, Oregon Territory; 13 men and women killed.
● 1848 - Louis Antoine Garnier-Pages is named French minister of Finance.
● 1849 - Zachary Taylor sworn in as 12th President
● 1850 - Birth of Daniel B. Towner, American music evangelist. An associate of D.L. Moody, Towner composed over 2,000 hymn tunes, including AT CALVARY ("Years I Spent in Vanity and Pride"), MOODY ("Marvelous Grace of our Loving Lord") and TRUST AND OBEY ("When We Walk With the Lord").
● 1850 - The Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait between the Isle of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales is opened.
● 1856 - Georgia becomes 1st state to regulate railroads
● 1860 - Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join Kingdom of Sardinia.
● 1861 - The "Stars and Bars" is adopted as the flag of the Confederate States of America.
● 1862 - Union troops under Brigadier-General Wright occupy Fernandina FL
● 1867 - An abortive Fenian uprising against English rule took place in Ireland.
● 1868 - A court of impeachment is organized in the United States Senate to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson.
● 1868 - Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito premieres at La Scala.
● 1868 - Stapler patented in England by C H Gould
● 1871 - Birth of Rosa Luxemburg (1871-1919), Samosc, Poland. Jewish Polish leader in German socialist and anti-war movements. Founded, with Karl Liebinecht, the radical Spartacus League in 1916. After the Spartacist uprising in Berlin, they were arrested and murdered by German soldiers.
● 1872 - George Westinghouse patents the air brake.
● 1877 - Rutherford B. Hayes is publicly inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States (he was privately inaugurated on March 3).
● 1879 - The first group of black so-called exodusters, en route to Kansas, arrives in St. Louis aboard the steamer Colorado. Eager to escape harsh sharecropper contracts, pass laws, imprisonment, and murder, thousands of African Americans are looking to Kansas as the promised land. Many pour onto the steamboats nearly destitute and knowing nothing about the state. Tennessee cabinetmaker "Pap" Singleton, who calls himself the Father of the Colored Exodus, prints handbills encouraging the migration. Later this year, Singleton Colony is established near what becomes Emporia, Kansas. A steamboat strike will slow the migration and, by 1881, the flood of "exodusters" is reduced to a trickle.
● 1882 - Birth of Dora Marsden (1882-1960) lives. British individualist anarchist and militant suffragette.
● 1886 - In Paris, the anarchist Charles Gallo throws a bottle of hydrocyanic acid into the Stock Exchange. The bottle does not explode, but spreads a bad smell which set off a panic. Gallo then draws randomly fired five shots with a revolver without hitting anyone.
● 1890 - Birth of writer and anarchist revolutionary B. Traven (1890-1969), Chicago. Traven kept his identity secret for years; variously reported to have been born in 1882 and in Poland, his roots were revealed to the world only upon his death. Anarchist author, aka Ret Marut, Hal Croves, Bruno Traven, Traven Torsvan, Otto Feige. Spent a portion of his life hiding his tracks, changing identity, country, and jobs. A Stirnerite anarchist, he joined the Bavarian Soviet of 1919 with Gustav Landauer and other anarchists. Escaping adeath sentence in Munich, he disappeared and eventually wound up in Mexico, formally emigrating and renouncing his U.S. citizenship in 1951. Among his internationally best-selling novels, many set among the poor of southern Mexico, the best known is "The Treasure of Sierra Madre."
● 1894 - Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery becomes First Lord of the Treasury.
● 1894 - Seattle authorizes 1st municipal employment office in US
● 1896 - Italian Governor of Eritrea, General Baldissera, reaches Massawa
● 1896 - Italian premier Crispi resigns
● 1897 - American Negro Academy forms
● 1900 - Two U.S. battleships leave for Nicaragua to halt revolutionary disturbances.
● 1901 - Germany and Britain began negotiations with hopes of creating an alliance.
● 1902 - In France, the National Congress of Miners decided to call for a general strike for an 8-hour day.
● 1904 - Nikola Tesla, in Electrical World and Engineer, describes the process of ball lightning formation.
● 1905 - Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in three days.
● 1907 - 1st radio broadcast of a musical composition aired
● 1907 - The second Duma opens in St. Petersburg, Russia and 40,000 demonstrators have to be dispersed by Russian troops.
● 1908 - 1st ascent of Mount Erebus, Antarctica
● 1908 - Sir Rex Harrison, the Academy Award-winning English stage and film actor, was born.
● 1910 - In Philadelphia, PA, 60,000 people left their jobs to show support for striking transit workers.
● 1910 - The Moroccan envoy signed the 1909 agreement with France.
● 1912 - Spanish steamer "Principe de Asturias" sinks northeast of Spain, 500 die
● 1912 - The Italians became the first to use dirigibles for military purposes. They used them for reconnaissance flights behind Turkish lines west of Tripoli.
● 1915 - World War I: LZ 33, a zeppelin, is damaged by enemy fire and stranded south of Ostend.
● 1917 - First edition of "Pravda" printed.
● 1917 - Wobblies (Industrial Workers of the World, aka IWW) go on trial, Everett, Washington.
● 1917 - Woodrow Wilson is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
● 1918 - Bolshevist Russia moves the national capital from Petrograd to Moscow.
● 1923 - Montana & Nevada become 1st states to enact old age pension laws
● 1924 - Computing-Tabulating-Recording Corp becomes IBM
● 1924 - King Hussein of Hedzjaz appoints himself kalief
● 1924 - Shefqet Verlaci becomes Prime Minister of Albania.
● 1927 - U.S. Marines land in China "to protect U.S. property" during a civil war there.
● 1931 - Daniel Salamanca Urey is named President of Bolivia.
● 1931 - Gandhi & British viceroy Lord Irwin sign pact
● 1933 - Germany's Nazi Party wins majority in parliament (43.9%-17.2M votes)
● 1933 - Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions for a period of ten days.
● 1934 - Mother-in-law's day 1st celebrated (Amarillo TX)
● 1935 - 1st premature baby health law in US (Chicago)
● 1936 - First flight of the Supermarine Spitfire fighter airplane Type 300.
● 1937 - U.S. officially apologizes to Nazi Germany for New York Mayor LaGuardia's reference to Adolf Hitler as a "brown-shirted fanatic." {Somebody should have given the mayor a medal for straight talk and clear thinking.}
● 1940 - Members of Soviet politburo sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POWs, known also as the Katyn massacre.
● 1942 - Bosnia Tito establishes 3rd Proletarit Brigade in Bosnia
● 1942 - Japanese troop march into Batavia
● 1943 - Anti fascist strikes in Italy
● 1943 - First flight of Gloster Meteor jet aircraft in the United Kingdom.
● 1943 - Germany called fifteen and sixteen year olds for military service due to war losses.
● 1943 - RAF bombs Essen Germany
● 1944 - Italian anarchist Pasquale Binazzi, 71, dies, Spezia.
● 1945 - Allies bombs The Hague, Netherlands
● 1945 - Generals Eisenhower, Patton & Patch meet in Luneville
● 1945 - US 7th Army Corps captures Cologne
● 1945 - World War II: "Battle of the Ruhr" begins.
● 1946 - Hungarian Communists and Social Democrats co-found the Left Bloc.
● 1946 - Winston Churchill uses the phrase "Iron Curtain" in his speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri.
● 1948 - US rocket flies record 4800 KPH to 126k height
● 1949 - The Jharkhand Party is founded in India.
● 1951 - The religious program "Circuit Rider" debuted over ABC television. The broadcast featured music selections and biographies of evangelists, and was produced by Franklin W. Dyson.
● 1953 - Stalin dies of stroke, Moscow, USSR. Also known as the lovable/huggable "Napoleon" in George Orwell's "Animal Farm." He had been in power for 29 years.
● 1956 - US court victory for black students; The United States Supreme Court upholds a ban on racial segregation in state schools, colleges and universities.
● 1957 - British Gold Coast becomes Ghana, first independent nation of sub-Saharan Africa.
● 1957 - Eamon de Valera's Fianna Fail-party wins election in Ireland
● 1958 - Explorer 2 spacecraft launches, fails to reach Earth orbit.
● 1958 - Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is established.
● 1958 - U.S. B-47 jettisons atomic bomb off Georgia coast after mid-air collision.
● 1959 - Iran & US sign economic & military treaty
● 1960 - Aquatic Ape Hypothesis originates when Alister Hardy publicly announces his idea that ape-human divergence may have been due to a coastal phase.
● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
● 1963 - Country music singer Patsy Cline died in a plane crash near Camden, Tenn., at age 30.
● 1964 - Ceylon declares emergency crisis due to unrest.
● 1966 - 75 MPH air currents cause BOAC 707 crash above Mount Fuji, 124 die
● 1966 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
● 1968 - U.S. launches Solar Explorer B, aka Explorer 37 from Wallops Island to study the Sun.
● 1969 - Gustav Heinemann elected President of West-Germany
● 1970 - 3 SDS Weathermen terrorist group bomb 18 West 11th St in New York NY
● 1970 - A nuclear non-proliferation treaty goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations. Thank Almighty we have George W. "War Criminal" to show us the error of our ways.
● 1970 - Dubnium atoms are first detected conclusively.
● 1973 - Donald DeFreeze, future Symbionese Liberation Army leader, escapes from Vacaville Prison.
● 1973 - Mid-air collision kills 68; Sixty-eight passengers and crew die when two Spanish aircraft collide in mid-air over France.
● 1974 - Yom Kippur War: Israeli forces withdraw from the west bank of the Suez Canal.
● 1976 - British pound falls below $2 U.S. for the first time.
● 1977 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter appeared on CBS News with Walter Cronkite for the first "Dial-a-President" radio talk show.
● 1978 - China adopts new constitution stressing economic development over revolutionary ideology. Retains extensive sections guaranteeing due process and freedom. (Try not to giggle.)
● 1978 - Landsat 3 is launched from Vandenberg AFB in California.
● 1979 - Earth satellites record gamma rays from remnants of supernova N-49 from the Large Magellanic Cloud, leading to the discovery of soft gamma repeaters.
● 1979 - Voyager 1's closest approach to Jupiter, 172,000 miles.
● 1981 - US government grants Atlanta $1 million to search for black boy murderer
● 1982 - Comedian John Belushi was found dead of a drug overdose at age 33.
● 1982 - Venera 14, a Soviet satellite arrives at the planet Venus.
● 1983 - Bob Hawke (Labour) defeats Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser (Conservative)
● 1984 - Standard Oil of California (now Unocal) buys Gulf Oil.
● 1984 - Supreme Court (5-4); city may use public money for Nativity scene
● 1984 - US accuse Iraq of using poison gas {We should know, we sold it to them.}
● 1988 - Constitution of Turks and Caicos Islands is restored and revised.
● 1988 - Simultaneous demonstrations against nuclear "mafia," Essen, Gorleben, Frankfurt, and Regensburg, West Germany.
● 1991 - Iraq released all Gulf War prisoners and repealed its annexation of Kuwait
● 1992 - Ethics committee votes to reveal congressmen who bounced checks
● 1993 - Fokker 100 crashes at Skopje Macedonia, 81 die
● 1993 - Johnson gets life ban from athletics; Disgraced Olympic sprinter Ben Johnson is banned from athletics for life after failing a drugs test for a second time.
● 1994 - Ukraine, voluntarily agreeing to give up nuclear weapons, begins transfer of its nuclear stockpile to Russia.
● 1995 - Estonia Centrumlinkse Coalition party wins parliamentary election
● 1995 - Graves of czar Nicholas & family found in St Petersburg
● 1995 - The Free Internet Chess Server was brought online and remains operational today.
● 1997 - Representatives of North Korea and South Korea met for first time in 25 years, for peace talks in New York.
● 1998 - It was announced that Air Force Lt. Col. Eileen Collins would lead crew of Columbia on a mission to launch a large X-ray telescope. She was the first woman to command a space shuttle mission.
● 1998 - NASA announces that the Clementine probe orbiting the Moon has found enough water to support a human colony and rocket fueling station.
● 1999 - Paul Okalik is elected first Premier of Nunavut.
● 2001 - In Mecca, 35 Muslim pilgrims are crushed to death during the annual Hajj pilgrimage.
● 2001 - Santana High School shooting: A student shoots at other students at Santana High School in Santee, California, killing two and wounding thirteen.
● 2001 - Vice President Dick Cheney underwent an angioplasty for a partially blocked artery after going to a hospital with chest pains.
● 2003 - In Haifa, 17 Israeli civilians are killed by a Hamas suicide bomb in the Haifa bus 37 massacre.
● 2003 - Natalie Maines of the Dixie Chicks provokes controversy in the U.S. by stating that the band was "ashamed the president of the United States is from Texas."
● 2004 - Martha Stewart was found guilty of lying about the reason for selling 3,298 shares of ImClone Systems stock, conspiracy, making false statement and obstruction of justice.
● 2004 - The Ottawa Senators and Philadelphia Flyers set a record for most penalty minutes in one game with 419.
● 2005 - The Burkinabé Party for Democracy and Socialism holds its 1st National Convention
● 2006 - AT&T Inc. announced it was buying BellSouth Corp., a big step toward resurrecting the old Ma Bell telephone system.
BIRTHS
● 1133 - King Henry II of England (d. 1189)
● 1324 - King David II of Scotland (d. 1371)
● 1512 - Gerardus Mercator, Flemish cartographer (d. 1594)
● 1563 - John Coke, English politician (d. 1644)
● 1575 - William Oughtred, English mathematician (d. 1660)
● 1585 - John George I, Elector of Saxony (d. 1656)
● 1637 - Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter of cityscapes (d. 1712)
● 1658 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French explorer (d. 1730)
● 1693 - Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian (d. 1754)
● 1696 - Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1770)
● 1703 (N.S.) - Vasily Kirillovich Trediakovsky, Russian poet (d. 1768)
● 1723 - Princess Mary of Great Britain (d. 1773)
● 1739 - Benjamin Ruggles Woodbridge, doctor, Massachusetts militia officer, member of the Massachusetts legislature (d. 1819)
● 1748 - Jonas C. Dryander, Swedish botanist (d. 1810)
● 1748 - William Shield, English musician (d. 1829)
● 1750 - Jean-Baptiste Gaspard d'Ansse de Villoison, French classical scholar (d. 1805)
● 1794 - Jacques Babinet, French physicist (d. 1872)
● 1794 - Robert Cooper Grier, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1870)
● 1814 - Wilhelm von Giesebrecht, German historian (d. 1889)
● 1815 - John Wentworth, American politician (d. 1888)
● 1817 - Austen Henry Layard, English archaeologist (d. 1894)
● 1836 - Charles Goodnight, American cattle rancher (d. 1929)
● 1852 - Lady Augusta Gregory, Irish writer and playwright (d. 1932)
● 1853 - Howard Pyle, American author and illustrator (d. 1911)
● 1867 - Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Premier of Quebec (d. 1952)
● 1869 - Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal and archbishop (d. 1952)
● 1870 - Frank Norris, American writer (d. 1902)
● 1871 - Rosa Luxemburg, Socialist revolutionary (d. 1919)
● 1873 - Olav Bjaaland, Norwegian explorer and cross-country skier (d. 1961)
● 1874 - Arthur Schendel, Dutch novelist and short-story writer (d. 1946)
● 1874 - Henry Travers, British actor (d. 1965)
● 1876 - Edouard Belin, French engineer and inventor (d. 1963)
● 1879 - Sir William Beveridge, British economist (d. 1963)
● 1883 - Marius Barbeau, French Canadian ethnographer and folklorist (b. 1969)
● 1886 - Dong Biwu, High-ranking member of the Communist Party of China (d. 1975)
● 1887 - Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian composer (d. 1959)
● 1897 - Set Persson, Swedish communist politician (d. 1960)
● 1898 - Soong May-ling, Chinese wife of Chiang Kai-Shek (d. 2003)
● 1898 - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1976)
● 1904 - Karl Rahner, German theologian (d. 1984)
● 1908 - Irving Fiske, American writer, playwright, (d. 1990)
● 1908 - Sir Rex Harrison, English actor (d. 1990)
● 1910 - Józef Marcinkiewicz, Polish mathematician (d. 1940)
● 1914 - Philip Farkas, American horn player and teacher (d. 1992)
● 1915 - Laurent Schwartz, French mathematician (d. 2002)
● 1918 - James Tobin, American economist, Nobel laureate (d. 2002)
● 1918 - Milt Schmidt, Canadian ice hockey player, coach and manager
● 1918 - Red Storey, Canadian football player and ice hockey referee (d. 2006)
● 1920 - José Aboulker, Algerian anti-Nazi resistance fighter
● 1920 - Virginia Christine, American actress (d. 1996)
● 1921 - Elmer Valo, American baseball player (d. 1998)
● 1922 - James Noble, American actor
● 1922 - Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian writer and film director (d. 1975)
● 1923 - David Nathan, Welsh journalist (d. 1966)
● 1923 - Laurence Tisch, American investor
● 1927 - Jack Cassidy, American actor (d. 1976)
● 1929 - Erik Carlsson, Swedish rally driver
● 1930 - Del Crandall, American baseball player
● 1931 - Barry Tuckwell, Australian horn virtuoso
● 1931 - Fred Othon Aristidès, French comics artist
● 1934 - Daniel Kahneman, Israeli economist, Nobel laureate
● 1934 - James B. Sikking, American actor
● 1936 - Canaan Banana, first President of Zimbabwe (d. 2003)
● 1936 - Dean Stockwell, American actor
● 1937 - Olusẹgun Ọbasanjọ, President of Nigeria
● 1938 - Fred Williamson, American football player and actor
● 1938 - Paul Evans, American singer and songwriter
● 1939 - Peter Woodcock, Canadian serial killer
● 1939 - Pierre Wynants, Belgian chef
● 1939 - Samantha Eggar, English actress
● 1940 - Malcolm Hebden, English actor
● 1942 - Felipe González, Prime Minister of Spain
● 1942 - Mike Resnick, American science fiction author
● 1943 - Billy Backus, American boxer
● 1944 - Lucio Battisti, Italian singer (d. 1998)
● 1944 - Roy Gutman, American journalist, Pulitzer Prize winner
● 1945 - Paschal English, American Survivor contestant
● 1946 - Michael Warren, Actor
● 1947 - Clodagh Rodgers, Irish singer
● 1947 - Eddie Hodges, American actor and singer
● 1947 - Kent Tekulve, American baseball player
● 1948 - Eddy Grant, Guyana-born singer
● 1948 - Elaine Paige, English singer and actress
● 1948 - Paquirri, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1984)
● 1948 - Richard Hickox, English musical conductor
● 1949 - Franz Josef Jung, Commander-in-chief of the German Bundeswehr
● 1951 - Giorgos Ninios, Greek actor
● 1952 - Alan Clark, English keyboardist (Dire Straits)
● 1954 - Marsha Warfield, American actress, comedienne
● 1955 - Penn Jillette, American magician and comedian
● 1956 - Adriana Barraza, Actress ("Babel")
● 1956 - Teena Marie, American singer
● 1957 - Mark E. Smith, English singer (The Fall)
● 1958 - Andy Gibb, English-born Australian singer and teen idol (d. 1988)
● 1959 - David Fury, American television writer and producer
● 1959 - Vazgen Sargsyan, Armenian politician (d. 1999)
● 1960 - David Tibet, English musician (Current 93)
● 1962 - Charlie and Craig Reid, Scottish musicians (The Proclaimers)
● 1962 - Jonathan Penner, American reality show contestant
● 1966 - Aasif Mandvi, Indian-born American actor and comedian
● 1966 - Bob Halkidis, Canadian hockey player
● 1966 - Michael Irvin, American football player
● 1969 - MC Solaar, French rapper
● 1970 - John Frusciante, American musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
● 1970 - Lisa Robin Kelly, American actress
● 1970 - Rome, R&B singer
● 1971 - Evil Jared Hasselhoff, American musician (Bloodhound Gang)
● 1971 - Jeffrey Hammonds, American baseball player
● 1971 - Yuri Lowenthal, American actor/author/painter
● 1972 - Luca Turilli, Italian musician (Rhapsody)
● 1973 - Ryan Franklin, American baseball player
● 1973 - Yannis Anastasiou, Greek footballer
● 1974 - Eva Mendes, American actress
● 1974 - Jens Jeremies, German footballer
● 1974 - Kevin Connolly, American television actor and comedian
● 1974 - Matt Lucas, English comedian
● 1975 - Jolene Blalock, American actress (''Enterprise'' and "Shark")
● 1975 - Luciano Burti, Brazilian racing driver
● 1975 - Niki Taylor, American model
● 1975 - Sasho Petrovski, Australian soccer player
● 1976 - Katerina Matziou, Greek actress
● 1976 - Paul Konerko, American baseball player
● 1976 - Šarūnas Jasikevičius, Lithuanian basketball player
● 1977 - Bryan Berard, American ice hockey player
● 1977 - Mike MacDougal, American baseball player
● 1977 - Wally Szczerbiak, American basketball player
● 1978 - Mike Hessman, American baseball player
● 1979 - Tang Gonghong, Chinese weightlifter
● 1981 - Andreas Wiig, Norwegian snowboarder
● 1981 - Paul Martin, American ice hockey player
● 1981 - Shugo Oshinari, Japanese actor
● 1982 - Daniel Carter, New Zealand rugby player
● 1982 - Giorgia Palmas, Italian television personality and model
● 1985 - Ken'ichi Matsuyama, Japanese actor
● 1986 - Matty Fryatt, English footballer
● 1988 - Bjarni Viðarsson, Icelandic footballer
● 1988 - Trevor Carson, Northern Irish footballer
● 1989 - Jake Lloyd, American actor (''Star Wars'' films)
DEATHS
● 1534 - Antonio da Correggio, Italian painter (b. 1489)
● 1539 - Nuno da Cunha, Portuguese governor in India (b. 1487)
● 1592 - Michael Coxcie, Flemish painter (b. 1499)
● 1611 - Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese warlord and samurai (b. 1533)
● 1622 - Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma (b. 1569)
● 1695 - Henry Wharton, English writer (b. 1664)
● 1726 - Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull, English politician
● 1776 - Yeongjo of Joseon, ruler of Korea (b. 1694)
● 1778 - Thomas Augustine Arne, English composer (b. 1710)
● 1815 - Franz Mesmer, Austrian developer of hypnotism (b. 1734)
● 1827 - Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist (b. 1745)
● 1827 - Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician (b. 1749)
● 1829 - John Adams, last surviving HMS Bounty mutineer (b. 1766)
● 1849 - David Scott, Scottish painter (b. 1806)
● 1876 - Marie d'Agoult, German-born writer (b. 1805)
● 1893 - Hippolyte Taine, French historian (b. 1828
● 1895 - Henry Rawlinson, British soldier and scholar (b. 1810)
● 1895 - Nikolai Leskov, Russian writer (b. 1831)
● 1903 - George Francis Robert Henderson, British soldier (b. 1854)
● 1907 - Friedrich Blass, German classical scholar (b. 1843)
● 1925 - Johan Jensen, Danish mathematician (b. 1859)
● 1926 - Clément Ader, French aviation pioneer (b. 1841)
● 1927 - Franz Mertens, German mathematician (b. 1840)
● 1931 - Fr. Arthur Tooth SSC, Anglican Clergyman prosecuted and imprisoned for ritualist activities (b. 1839)
● 1940 - Cai Yuanpei, Chinese educator (b. 1868)
● 1944 - Max Jacob, French poet and writer (b. 1876)
● 1945 - Lena Baker, American murderer (b. 1901)
● 1947 - Alfredo Casella, Italian composer (b. 1883)
● 1953 - Herman J. Mankiewicz, American screenwriter (b. 1897)
● 1953 - Joseph Stalin, Georgian leader of the Soviet Union (b. 1879)
● 1953 - Sergei Prokofiev, Russian composer, (b. 1891)
● 1955 - Antanas Merkys, President of Lithuania (b. 1888)
● 1963 - Cowboy Copas, American singer (b. 1913)
● 1963 - Hawkshaw Hawkins, American singer (b. 1921)
● 1963 - Patsy Cline, American singer (b. 1932)
● 1965 - Chen Cheng, Chinese politician (b. 1897)
● 1965 - Pepper Martin, American baseball player (b. 1904)
● 1966 - Anna Akhmatova, Russian poet (b. 1889)
● 1967 - Georges Vanier, Governor General of Canada (b. 1888)
● 1974 - Billy De Wolfe, American actor (b. 1907)
● 1974 - Sol Hurok, Russian-born impresario (b. 1888)
● 1977 - Jansen Van Vuuren, Dutch volunteer safety marshall at the 1977 South African Grand Prix
● 1977 - Tom Pryce, British Formula One driver (1977 South African Grand Prix)
● 1980 - Jay Silverheels, Canadian actor (b. 1912) {Tonto of "What do you mean 'WE,' white man fame.}
● 1980 - Winifred Wagner, German opera producer (b. 1897)
● 1981 - Yip Harburg, American lyricist (b. 1896)
● 1982 - John Belushi, American actor (b. 1949)
● 1984 - Tito Gobbi, Italian baritone (b. 1915)
● 1984 - William Powell, American actor (b. 1892)
● 1988 - Alberto Olmedo, Argentine comedian (b. 1933)
● 1990 - Gary Merrill, American film actor (b. 1915)
● 1993 - Cyril Collard, French author and filmmaker (b. 1957)
● 1995 - Gregg Hansford, Australian motorcycle and touring car racer (b. 1952)
● 1995 - Vivian Stanshall, English musician (Bonzo Dog Band) (b. 1943)
● 1996 - Whit Bissell, American actor (b. 1909)
● 1997 - Samm Sinclair Baker, American diet author (b. 1909)
● 1999 - Richard Kiley, American actor (b. 1922)
● 2000 - Lolo Ferrari, French actress (b. 1962)
● 2004 - Walt Gorney, American actor (b. 1912)
● 2006 - Richard Kuklinski, American Mafia hit man (b. 1935)
HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES
● Roman Catholic:
● St. Adrian (died 308)
● St. Caron
● St. Carthach
● St. Ciarán Saighir, patron of the Diocese of Ossory
● St. Colman of Armagh
● St. Eusebius of Cremona
● St. Gerarda
● St. Gerasimus
● St. John-Joseph of the Cross
● St. Kieran
● St. Olivia (died 308)
● Sts. Phocas and Antioch
● St. Piran's Day - Cornwall's national day.
● St. Theophile (died 195)
● St. Virgilius of Arles
● Bl. Dionysius Fugishima
● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 22 (Civil Date: March 5)
● Opening of the Relics of Holy Martyrs at the gate of Eugenius at Constantinople.
● Martyrs Maurice and his son Photinus, and Martyrs Theodore, Philip, and 70 soldiers, at Apamea in Syria.
● Saints Thalassius, Limnaeus, and Baradates, hermits of Syria.
● St. Athanasius the confessor of Constantinople.
● St. Telesphorus, pope of Rome.
● St. Peter the Stylite of Mt. Athos.
● New-Martyr Theoktista Michailovna, fool-for-Christ of Voronezh (1936).
● New-Martyr priest Michael Lisicin (1918).
● Greek Calendar:
● Martyr Anthusa and her 12 servants.
● St. Blaise, Bishop
● Repose of "Golden Grits" (Gregory) (1855)
● Repose of Schema-nun Avramia of Kashin (1855).
● Boston MA - Boston Massacre Day (1770)
● China - Learn from Lei Feng Day
THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.
This Previous Day in History Post With
This Original Wikipedia List form the core of this post.
Additional facts taken from:
Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.
Roman Catholic Saint of the Day
Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar
Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004
Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004 Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from 1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004
Permanent Backlink to Post
Tuesday, March 04, 2008
March 4......
March 4 is the 63rd day of the year (64th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 302 days remaining in the year on this date.
From 1793 - 1933, March 4 was Inauguration Day for the President of the United States. Beginning in 1937, Inauguration Day has been January 20.
Day of the week in surrounding years:
. . . .,1985,1991,1996,2002—MON—. . . .
1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—TUE—2008
1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—WED—2009
1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—THU—2010
1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—FRI—2011
. . . .,1989,1995,2000,2006—SAT—. . . .
1984,1990,. . . .,2001,2007—SUN—2012
PASCAL DATE INFORMATION
Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.
March 4 is the 30th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 136 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 3rd/4th of the 36 dates.
It occurred on this date previously in the years:
330, 341, 352, 425, 431, 436, 515, 520, 526, 599, 610, 621, 683, 694, 705, 716, 767, 778, 789, 800, 862, 873, 884, 957, 963, 968, 1047, 1052, 1058, 1131, 1142, 1153, 1215, 1226, 1237, 1248, 1299, 1310, 1321, 1332, 1394, 1405, 1416, 1489, 1495, 1500, 1579, 1609, 1615, 1620, 1699, 1767, 1772, 1778, 1829, 1835, 1840, 1908, 1981, 1987, 1992
It will occur on this date in the future in the years:
2071, 2076, 2082, 2133, 2139, 2144, 2201, 2207, 2212, 2291, 2296, 2359, 2364, 2370, 2443, 2448, 2454, 2511, 2516, 2522, 2595, 2663, 2668, 2674, 2725, 2731, 2736, 2815, 2820, 2826, 2899, 2967, 2978, 2989, 3035, 3040, 3046, 3103, 3108, 3114, 3187, 3192, 3198, 3209, 3271, 3282, 3293, 3339, 3344, 3350, 3361, 3407, 3412, 3418, 3491, 3559, 3570, 3581, 3643, 3654, 3665, 3711, 3722, 3733, 3795, 3863, 3874, 3885, 3931, 3936, 3942, 4015, 4026, 4037, 4099
Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Foreign Policy "Shared risks, shared burdens, shared benefits—it's not only a good motto for NATO, it's also a good prescription for America's role in the world." — Wesley Clark {This man, a former general in the US Army, is living proof that all US military are right wing wackos is a lie.}
Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Do As I Say, Not As I Do "Kurt Cobain died of a drug-induced suicide, I just—he was a worthless shred of human debris." — Rush "Drug-Addled Gas Bag" Limbaugh, 4-8-94. lumberjackonliune.com.
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports "A day without newspapers is like walking around without your pants on." — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.
{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}
MOON PHASE
Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)
Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 12% Age: 89% Rise: 4:58 AM Set: 3:04 PM
Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)
Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 13% Age: 88% Rise: 5:07 AM Set: 3:33 PM
Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)
Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 13% Age: 88% Rise: 5:04 AM Set: 2:45 PM
Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)
Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 13% Age: 88% Rise: 4:42 AM Set: 2:17 PM
NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY
NGC 6334: The Cat's Paw Nebula
Credit & Copyright: T. A. Rector (U. Alaska), T. Abbott, NOAO, AURA, NSF
Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation
EVENTS
● 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title princeps iuventutis (head of the youth).
● 303 or 304 - Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
● 852 - Croatian Duke Trpimir I issued a statute, a document with the first known written mention of the Croats name in Croatian sources.
● 932 - Translation of the relics of martyr Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia, Prince of the Czechs.
● 1152 - Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of the Germans.
● 1215 - King John of England makes an oath to the Pope as a crusader to gain the support of Innocent III.
● 1238 - The Battle of the Sit River was fought in the northern part of the present-day Yaroslavl Oblast of Russia between the Mongol Hordes of Batu Khan and the Russians under Yuri II of Vladimir-Suzdal during the Mongol invasion of Russia.
● 1275 - Chinese astronomers observe a total eclipse of the sun.
● 1351 - Ramathibodi becomes King of Siam.
● 1386 - Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila) was crowned King of Poland.
● 1461 - Wars of the Roses in England: Lancastrian King Henry VI is deposed by his Yorkist cousin, who then becomes King Edward IV.
● 1492 - King James IV of Scotland concludes an alliance with France against England.
● 1493 - Explorer Christopher Columbus arrives back in Lisbon, Portugal aboard his ship Niña from his discovery voyage to America. He returned to Spain on March 15.
● 1519 - Hernan Cortes arrives in Mexico in search of the Aztec civilization and their wealth.
● 1570 - King Philip II of Spain bans foreign Dutch students.
● 1590 - Mauritius of Nassau's ship reaches Breda
● 1611 - George Abbot is appointed Archbishop of Canterbury.
● 1621 - Jakarta, Java is renamed Batavia.
● 1629 - Massachusetts Bay Colony, which had the role of colonizing the Americas, is granted a Royal charter.
● 1634 - Samuel Cole opens the first tavern in Boston, Massachusetts.
● 1665 - English King Charles II declares war on The Netherlands which marked the start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
● 1675 - John Flamsteed appointed first Astronomer Royal of England.
● 1681 - Charles II of England grants a land charter to William Penn for the area that will later become Pennsylvania.
● 1699 - Jews are expelled from Lubeck Germany
● 1712 - Jane Wenham ("A witch and a bitch") tried for talking to her cat and for flying. The last witchcraft trial in England.
● 1738 - Moravian missionary Peter Bohler, 26, advised future English founder of Methodism John Wesley, 34: 'Preach faith until you have it; and then, because you have it, you will preach faith.'
● 1741 - English fleet under Admiral Ogle reaches Cartagena
● 1766 - The British Parliament repealed the Stamp Act, which had caused bitter and violent opposition in the U.S. colonies.
● 1774 - First sighting of Orion Nebula by William Herschel.
● 1776 - The American War of Independence: The Americans capture "Dorchester Heights" dominating the port of Boston, Massachusetts.
● 1778 - The Continental Congress voted to ratify both the Treaty of Amity and Commerce and the Treaty of Alliance with France. The two treaties were the first entered into by the United States government.
● 1789 - In New York City, the first U.S. Congress meets and declares the new Constitution of the United States is in effect (9 senators, 13 representatives).
● 1790 - France is divided into 83 départements, which cut across the former provinces in an attempt to dislodge regional loyalties based on noble ownership of land.
● 1791 - 1st Jewish member of US Congress, Israel Jacobs (Pennsylvania), takes office
● 1791 - A Constitutional Act is introduced by the British House of Commons in London which envisages the separation of Canada into Lower Canada (Quebec) and Upper Canada (Ontario).
● 1791 - President Washington calls the US Senate into its 1st special session
● 1791 - Vermont is admitted as the 14th U.S. state.
● 1792 - Oranges were introduced into Hawaii.
● 1793 - French troops conquer Geertruidenberg, Netherlands.
● 1793 - President Washington's 2nd inauguration, shortest speech (133 words)
● 1794 - The 11th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed by the U.S. Congress. The Amendment limited the jurisdiction of the federal courts to automatically hear cases brought against a state by the citizens of another state. Later interpretations expanded this to include citizens of the state being sued, as well.
● 1797 - In the first ever peaceful transfer of power between elected leaders in modern times, John Adams is sworn in as President of the United States, succeeding George Washington.
● 1798 - Catholic women force to do penance for kindling sabbath fire for Jews
● 1801 - 1st President inaugurated in Washington DC (Thomas Jefferson)
● 1804 - The Battle of Vinegar Hill, colony of New South Wales (Australia), when Irish convicts (some of whom had been involved in Ireland’s Battle of Vinegar Hill in 1798) led the colony’s only significant convict uprising.
● 1804 - The British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS) was founded at a large interdenominational meeting in London. Its purpose was "to promote the circulation of the Holy Scriptures, without note or comment, both at home and in foreign lands."
● 1809 - Madison becomes 1st President inaugurated in American-made clothes
● 1813 - Russian troops fighting the army of Napoleon reach Berlin in Germany and the French garrison evacuate the city without a fight.
● 1814 - Americans defeat the British at the Battle of Longwoods between London and Thamesville near present-day Wardsville, Ontario.
● 1824 - The "National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck" was founded in the United Kingdom, later to be renamed The Royal National Lifeboat Institution in 1858.
● 1825 - John Quincy Adams inaugrated as 6th President
● 1826 - 1st US RR chartered, Granite Railway in Quincy MA
● 1829 - Andrew Jackson inaugurated as 7th President
● 1829 - Unruly crowd mobs White House during President Jackson inaugural ball {Jackson joined mob in drinking.}
● 1835 - HMS Beagle moves into Bay of Concepción
● 1837 - Chicago is granted a city charter by Illinois.
● 1837 - Martin Van Buren inaugrated as 8th President
● 1841 - Pres. William Henry Harrison caught a fatal cold while standing hatless in the drizzle at his own Presidential inauguration. Longest inauguration speech (8,443 words). A month later, he is the first U.S. president to die in office. {That long speech was of little help.}
● 1845 - James K Polk inaugrated as 11th President
● 1848 - Carlo Alberto di Savoia signs the Statuto Albertino that will later represent the first constitution of the Regno d'Italia
● 1849 - Zachary Taylor refuses to be sworn in office as 12th President of the United States on a Sabbath (Sunday). Urban legend instead holds that the office of President of the United States is vacant for a single day and that David Rice Atchison, President pro tempore of the United States Senate was President de jure that day. However, Taylor was president despite not taking the oath.
● 1850 - Future statesman James A. Garfield, at age 18, was "buried with Christ in baptism." Thirty-one years, to the day! after his conversion, Garfield took the oath of office as 20th President of the United States.
● 1853 - An oncoming mail train shatters the rear car of a stalled Pennsylvania Railroad emigrant train in the Allegheny Mountains near Mount Union, Pennsylvania, killing seven. This was the highest single U.S. accident toll up to this time.
● 1853 - Pope Pius IX recovers Roman Catholic hierarchy in Netherlands.
● 1853 - William Rufus de Vane King (D) sworn in as 13th US Vice President
● 1859 - Charter of the French Opera House in New Orleans is granted, which opens on December 1 of the same year with a gala performance of Rossini's "William Tell".
● 1861 - Confederate States adopt "Stars and Bars" flag, on the same day that Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated as 16th President of the United States.
● 1861 - Lincoln inaugurated as 16th President; 1st time US has 5 former Presidents living
● 1861 - President Lincoln opens Government Printing Office.
● 1863 - Battle of Thompson's Station, Tennessee
● 1863 - Territory of Idaho established.
● 1865 - President Lincoln inaugurated for his 2nd term as President
● 1865 - Third (and last) national flag of the Confederate States of America adopted.
● 1869 - Ulysses Grant inaugurated as 18th President
● 1876 - US Congress decides to impeach Minister of War Belknap
● 1877 - Emile Berliner invents the microphone.
● 1880 - New York Daily Graphic publishes the first half-tone engraving.
● 1881 - California becomes 1st state to pass plant quarantine legislation
● 1881 - Eliza Ballou Garfield became the first mother of a U.S. President to live in the executive mansion.
● 1881 - James A Garfield inaugurated as 20th President
● 1881 - South African President Kruger accepts ceasefire
● 1882 - Birth of Joseph Spivak, Uman, Russia. Lifelong anarchist who emigrated to the U.S. and during WWI was actively involved around the country in anti-militarist campaigns with Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman.
● 1882 - Britain's first electric trams run in East London.
● 1885 - Grover Cleveland inaugurated as 1st Democratic President since Civil War
● 1887 - 23-year-old William Randolph Hearst buys the San Francisco Examiner, and starts to build the Hearst newspaper empire.
● 1887 - Gottlieb Daimler unveils his first automobile which he test runs in Esslingen and Cannstatt, Germany.
● 1888 - Knute Rockne, who changed the strategy of football as coach at Notre Dame, was born.
● 1889 - Benjamin Harrison inaugurated as 23rd President, he is the grandson of William Henry Harrison, president for 30 days forty-eight years earlier.
● 1890 - The longest bridge in the United Kingdom, the Forth Bridge (railway) (1,710 ft) in Scotland is opened by the Prince of Wales, who later became King Edward VII.
● 1891 - The International Copyright Act, halting the piracy of British, Belgium, French, and Swiss books by U.S. publishers, is passed by Congress.
● 1893 - Congo Free State: The army of Francis, Baron Dhanis attacks the Lualaba, enabling him to transport his troops across the Upper Congo and, capture Nyangwe almost without an effort.
● 1893 - Grover Cleveland (D) inaugrated as 24th US President (2nd term). He is only man to serve non-consecutive terms as president.
● 1894 - Great fire in Shanghai. Over 1,000 buildings are destroyed.
● 1897 - William McKinley inaugurated as 25th President of US
● 1899 - Cyclone Mahina sweeps in north of Cooktown, Queensland, with a 12 m wave that reaches up to 5 km inland - over 300 dead.
● 1901 - 1st advanced copy of inaugural speech (Jefferson-National Intelligencer)
● 1901 - President William McKinley inaugurated for 2nd term as President
● 1901 - Term of George H White, last of post-Reconstruction congressmen, ends
● 1902 - In Chicago, the American Automobile Association is established.
● 1904 - Russo-Japanese War: Russian troops in Korea retreat toward Manchuria followed by 100,000 Japanese troops.
● 1905 - Theodore Roosevelt was sworn in for his second term (first full term, he became president after McKinley was assassinated shortly after inauguration in 1901) as president.
● 1906 - Rosa Luxemburg is arrested and imprisoned at the Warsaw Citadel for revolutionary activities in Warsaw.
● 1907 - Louis Botha is appointed Prime Minister of the Transvaal, South Africa.
● 1908 - France notified signatories of Algeciras that it would send troops to Chaouia, Morocco.
● 1908 - The Collinwood School Fire, Collinwood near Cleveland, Ohio, kills 174 people.
● 1908 - The New York board of education banned the act of whipping students in school.
● 1909 - President Taft inaugrated as 27th President during 10" snowstorm
● 1909 - President William Taft approves Congressional Gold Medals for the Wright brothers.
● 1909 - US prohibits interstate transportation of game birds
● 1910 - Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) begins Spokane, Wash. free speech fight (which they win).
● 1911 - Victor Berger (Wisconsin) becomes the first socialist congressman in U.S..
● 1912 - Suffragettes, walking single file in Knightsbridge, London, smash every window they pass to protest government inaction.
● 1913 - First U.S. law regulating the shooting of migratory birds passed.
● 1913 - The United States Department of Commerce and United States Department of Labor are established by splitting the duties of the 10-year-old Department of Commerce and Labor.
● 1913 - Woodrow Wilson inaugurated as 28th President
● 1914 - Doctor Fillatre successfully separated Siamese twins.
● 1917 - Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia's renunciation of the throne is made public, and Tsar Nicholas II of Russia publicly issues his abdication manifesto. The victory of the February Revolution.
● 1917 - Jeannette Rankin of Montana, first U.S. Congresswoman, begins term. Rankin becomes the only Congressperson to vote against U.S. entry into both World Wars. Well into her advanced years, she also led protests against the war in Vietnam.
● 1918 - Terek Autonomous Republic established in RSFSR (until 1921)
● 1920 - Last day of Julian civil calendar in Greece
● 1921 - E. M. Forster sets out on a passage to India to assume his duties as secretary to the Maharaja of the state of Dewas Senior.
● 1921 - Hot Springs National Park created in Arkansas.
● 1922 - Tippeerary, Ireland gas workers seize their plant, hoist red flag.
● 1923 - Lenin's last article about Red bureaucracy was published in Pravda.
● 1925 - Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to have his inauguration broadcast on radio.
● 1925 - Swain's Island (near American Samoa) annexed by US
● 1926 - The government of Dirk Jan de Geer takes office in The Netherlands.
● 1929 - Charles Curtis becomes the first native-American Vice President.
● 1929 - Herbert Hoover inaugurated as 31st President
● 1930 - Blaze levels hangar at Atlanta Airport, destroying twenty aircraft
● 1930 - Coolidge Dam in Arizona dedicated
● 1930 - Terrible floods ransack Languedoc and the surrounds in south-west France, resulting in twelve departments being submerged by water and causing the death of over 700 people.
● 1931 - The British Viceroy of India, Governor-General Edward Frederick Lindley Wood and Mohandas Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) meet to sign an agreement envisaging the release of political prisoners and allowing that salt is freely used by the poorest layers of the population.
● 1933 - Bertha Wilson is appointed as first woman to sit on the Supreme Court of Canada.
● 1933 - FDR inaugrated as 32nd President, pledges to pull US out of Depression & says "We have nothing to fear but fear itself"
● 1933 - Frances Perkins becomes United States Secretary of Labor, first female member of the United States Cabinet.
● 1933 - The Parliament of Austria is suspended because of a quibble over procedure - Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss initiates authoritarian rule by decree.
● 1936 - First flight of airship Hindenburg, Germany.
● 1937 - UAW workers win sit-down strike victory in Flint, Michigan, forcing General Motors to recognize them. The 40-day action at Fisher Body Plant Number One had become the longest sit-down strike in history. Employees inside were protected by 5,000 armed workers circling the plant. After police tear-gassed attacks, workers fought back with firehoses. The gunfire wounded 13 workers, but the police were driven back. By the time the National Guard arrived, the strike had spread to GM plants across the nation.
● 1941 - 18 Geuzen resistance fighters sentenced to death in The Hague
● 1941 - Adolf Hitler applies pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact during visit by Serbian Prince Paul.
● 1941 - The United Kingdom launches Operation Claymore on the Lofoten Islands, during World War II.
● 1942 - Birth of Gloria Gaither, wife of songwriter Bill Gaither, and female vocalist in the Bill Gaither Trio. Gloria is also co-author of the contemporary Christian songs, "Because He Lives," "Something Beautiful" and "The King is Coming."
● 1943 - Transport number 50 departs with French Jews to Maidanek/Sobibor
● 1944 - First U.S. daylight bombing of Berlin and Anti-Germany strikes in northern Italy.
● 1944 - In Ossining, New York, Louis Buchalter, the leader of 1930s crime syndicate Murder, Inc., is executed at Sing Sing.
● 1945 - In the United Kingdom, Princess Elizabeth, later to become Queen Elizabeth II, joins the British Army as a driver.
● 1945 - Lapland War: Finland declares war on Nazi Germany.
● 1946 - C.G.E. Mannerheim resigns from the post of President of Finland.
● 1946 - Canada reported that it had uncovered a spy ring that had been organized by the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa. All four people accused admitted to being involved.
● 1946 - The United States, France and the United Kingdom launch a call with the Spaniards in favour of the inversion of the pro-Franco mode.
● 1947 - France and Britain signed an alliance treaty.
● 1948 - The first American civilian (Herbert Henry Hoover) flies at supersonic speeds in Bell X-1 in Muroc, California.
● 1949 - Andrei Vishinsky succeeds Molotov as Soviet Foreign minister
● 1949 - Security Council of United Nations recommends membership for Israel.
● 1952 - U.S. President Harry Truman dedicated the "Courier," the first seagoing radio broadcasting station.
● 1954 - JE Wilkins, appointed 1st Black US sub-cabinet member
● 1954 - Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, announces the first successful kidney transplant.
● 1954 - U.S. warns Latin America against international communism.
● 1955 - First radio facsimile transmission is sent across the continent of America.
● 1957 - The S&P 500 stock market index is introduced, replacing the S&P 90.
● 1959 - U.S. Pioneer 4 misses Moon and becomes the second (U.S. first) artificial planet.
● 1960 - French freighter 'La Coubre' explodes in Havana, Cuba killing 100. Fidel Castro blames the U.S. {Fidel also "Remember(s) the Maine"}
● 1960 - It is revealed, in connection with the current congressional investigation into payola, that FCC Chairman John Doerfer took a six-day trip to Florida courtesy of Storer Broadcasting.
● 1961 - Paul-Henri Spaak resigns as Secretary-General of NATO
● 1962 - United States Atomic Energy Commission announces that the first atomic power plant at McMurdo Station in Antarctica is in operation.
● 1963 - In Paris six people are sentenced to death for conspiring to assassinate President Charles de Gaulle.
● 1964 - Jimmy Hoffa, President of the Teamsters, is convicted by a Federal jury of tampering with a Federal jury.
● 1966 - Canadian Pacific Air Lines DC-8-43 explodes on landing at Tokyo International Airport, killing 64 people.
● 1966 - London's "Evening Standard" newspaper published an interview with Beatle John Lennon in which he remarked: 'Christianity will... vanish and shrink... We're more popular than Jesus Christ right now.' The quote touched off a storm of international protest, resulting in burnings and boycotts of the Beatles' records.
● 1967 - The first North Sea gas is pumped ashore at Easington, County Durham by BP (British Petroleum).
● 1968 - Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. announces he will lead a Poor People's March on Washington in April.
● 1968 - Orbiting Geophysical Observatory 5 launched
● 1969 - Kray twins guilty of McVitie murder; The Kray twins, Ronald and Reginald, face life sentences after being found guilty of murder at the Central Criminal Court.
● 1969 - S.S. Yukon, carrying 150,000 barrels of oil, hits a submerged object and spilled its cargo into Cook Inlet, Alaska.
● 1969 - Union of Concerned Scientists founded.
● 1970 - French submarine Eurydice explodes.
● 1970 - Puerto Rican student killed by police during a demonstration against the Vietnam War.
● 1971 - "City Command" kidnaps 4 US military men at Ankara, Turkey
● 1972 - A Libyan-Soviet accord is agreed for the development of Libyan oil reserves.
● 1972 - Last train run between Penrith to Keswick UK
● 1972 - Two killed, 136 injured by IRA bomb in restaurant, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
● 1974 - Harold Wilson becomes British Prime Minister following the resignation of his predecessor Edward Heath.
● 1974 - The Rio-Niterói Bridge connecting the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Niterói in Brazil is opened.
● 1975 - Comic genius Chaplin is knighted; Silent film legend Charlie Chaplin has become Sir Charles after a ceremony at Buckingham Palace.
● 1975 - The first television coverage of a Canadian parliamentary committee is broadcast.
● 1976 - The Maguire Seven are found guilty of the offence of possessing explosives and are subsequently jailed for 14 years. Their convictions are later quashed.
● 1976 - The Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention is formally dissolved in Northern Ireland resulting in direct rule of Northern Ireland from London via the British parliament.
● 1977 - First CRAY 1 supercomputer shipped, to Los Alamos Laboratories, New Mexico.
● 1977 - The 1977 Bucharest Earthquake in southern and eastern Europe kills more than 1,500.
● 1978 - Chicago Daily News, founded in 1875, publishes its last issue.
● 1978 - Forty thousand demonstrate against uranium enrichment plant, Almelo, Netherlands.
● 1979 - The first encyclical written by Pope John Paul II, Redemptor Hominis (Latin for "The Redeemer of Man") is promulgated less than five months after his installation as pope.
● 1979 - The Ugandan capital of Kampala is threatened by invading Tanzanian forces.
● 1979 - U.S. Voyager I photo reveals Jupiter's rings.
● 1980 - Nationalist leader Robert Mugabe wins a sweeping election victory to become Zimbabwe's first black prime minister.
● 1982 - NASA launches "Intelsat V".
● 1985 - STS 51-E vehicle rolls back to Vandenberg AFB; mission cancelled
● 1985 - The Food and Drug Administration approves a blood test for AIDS, used since then for screening all blood donations in the United States.
● 1985 - U.S. Supreme Court upholds right of Oneida nation of New York to sue for lands illegally taken in 1795.
● 1985 - Virtual ban on leaded gas ordered by EPA
● 1986 - Launch of the UK's Today tabloid newspaper (now defunct), pioneering the use of computer photosetting and full-colour offset printing at a time when British national newspapers are still using Linotype machines and letterpress.
● 1987 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan addresses the American nation on the Iran-Contra Affair, acknowledging his overtures to Iran had “deteriorated” into an arms-for-hostages deal.
● 1988 - Building of the Louvre Pyramid begins at the Napoleon court of the Louvre, in Paris, France.
● 1989 - Eastern Airlines machinists strike
● 1989 - Six people die and 80 are injured, some of them seriously, at the Purley Station rail crash in Surrey, England.
● 1990 - Space Shuttle program: STS-36 (Space Shuttle Atlantis) U.S. 65th manned space mission returns from space.
● 1991 - Bank of Credit and Commerce International divests itself of First American National Bank.
● 1991 - In Iraq, Saddam Hussein releases 6 U.S., 3 British and 1 Italian prisoners of war.
● 1991 - Most primitive form of World Wide Web is put online.
● 1991 - Sheik Saad Al-Abdallah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, the Prime Minister of Kuwait, returned to his country for the first time since Iraq's invasion. {All the government heads fled well ahead of Iraq's troops but those who stay and resist are branded the cowards and the fleers, heroes.}
● 1991 - The Soviet parliament in Moscow, Russia ratifies a six-nation treaty on German unification.
● 1993 - Authorities announced the arrest of Mohammad Salameh. He was later convicted for his role in the World Trade Center Bombing in New York City.
● 1994 - Bosnia's Croats and Moslems sign an agreement to form a federation in a loose economic union with Croatia.
● 1994 - Four terrorists are convicted for their roles in the World Trade Center bombing which killed six and injured more than a thousand. {This is four more than have been convicted of participation in the attacks on September 11, 2001.}
● 1994 - Space shuttle STS-62 (Columbia 16) launches into orbit.
● 1995 - Blind teenage boy receives a 'Bionic Eye' at a Washington Hospital
● 1996 - A train carrying propane and sodium hydroxide derails in Weyauwega, Wisconsin and catches fire. 2,200 homes near the accident site are evacuated for 16 days.
● 1996 - Comet Hyakutake was imaged by the USA Asteroid Orbiter NEAR, (Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous).
● 1997 - Brazil Senate allows women to wear slacks
● 1997 - Comet Hale-Bopp flies directly above the Sun (1.04 AU).
● 1997 - US President Bill Clinton bans federally funded human cloning research.
● 1997 - Zeya Start-1 launched (Russia)
● 1998 - Ford sued for compensation for using 10,000 slave laborers supplied by Hitler's regime.
● 1998 - Gay rights: Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that federal laws banning on-the-job sexual harassment also apply when both parties are the same sex.
● 1998 - Government, naval and university computers running Windows NT across the United States crash as a result of a hacker. The crash affects computers running at MIT, Northwestern University, the University of Minnesota, and the University of California campuses at Berkeley, Irvine, Los Angeles, and San Diego. Microsoft repaired the software that apparently allowed hackers to shut down computers in government and university offices nationwide.
● 1999 - In a military court, Captain Richard Ashby of the United States Marines is acquitted of the charge of reckless flying which resulted in the deaths of 20 skiers in the Italian Alps when his low-flying jet hit a gondola cable. {One might wonder why he wasn't tried in an Italian court!}
● 1999 - Monica Lewinsky's book about her affair with U.S. President Clinton went on sale in the U.S.
● 1999 - Retired Supreme Court Justice Harry A. Blackmun, who wrote the 1973 decision that legalized abortion, died in Arlington, Va., at age 90.
● 2001 - A massive car bomb explodes in front of the BBC Television Centre in London, seriously injuring 11 people. The attack was attributed to the Real IRA.
● 2001 - Hintze Ribeiro disaster, a bridge collapses in northern Portugal, killing up to 70 people.
● 2001 - Switzerland and the European Union: Swiss voters overwhelmingly reject a proposal for immediate membership talks with the European Union.
● 2002 - Canada bans human embryo cloning but permits government-funded scientists to use embryos left over from fertility treatment or abortions.
● 2002 - The moderate leader albanophone Ibrahim Rugova is elected President of Kosovo by the Parliament of the Serb province that had been under international control since 1999.
● 2002 - U.S. Attack on Afghanistan: Seven American Special Operations Forces soldiers are killed as they attempt to infiltrate the Shahi Kot Valley on a low-flying helicopter reconnaissance mission.
● 2003 - In the Indian-controlled portion of Kashmir, at least 9 people are killed and 52 are injured when a bus falls into a deep gorge.
● 2003 - In the southern Philippines, a bomb hidden in a backpack explodes and kills 21 people at an airport in Davao City.
● 2004 - The files of Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun are released to the public five years after his death.
● 2004 - The guilty verdict for Moroccan al-Qaeda suspect Mounir el Motassadeq's involvement in the September 11, 2001 attacks is overturned by the German appeals court, which orders a retrial.
● 2005 - Martha Stewart, imprisoned for five months for her role in a stock scandal, left federal prison to start five months of home confinement.
● 2005 - The car of released Italian hostage Giuliana Sgrena is fired on by US soldiers in Iraq, causing the death of an Italian Secret Service Agent and injuring two passengers including Sgrena herself.
● 2005 - United Nations warns that about 90 million Africans could be infected by the HIV virus in the future without further action against the spread of the disease. {This number is called into question because the standards for an AIDS diagnosis in Africa radically different than the rest of world, no screening for antibodies is performed and suffering from things like the flu will qualify one for an AIDS diagnosis.}
● 2006 - A new species of shark, Mustelus hacat, is discovered in Mexico's Sea of Cortez, bringing the number of Mustelus species found in the eastern North Pacific to 5.
● 2006 - Final contact attempt with Pioneer 10 by the Deep Space Network. No response was received.
● 2006 - Prince Sverre Magnus of Norway is christened by Bishop Ole Christian Kvarme at the chapel inside the Royal Palace, Oslo.
● 2006 - The central Papeete power station is damaged by a fire, resulting in limited power for some areas of Tahiti for a couple of weeks.
● 2007 - Estonian parliamentary election: Approximately 30,000 voters take advantage of electronic voting in Estonia, the world's first nationwide voting where part of the votecasting is allowed in the form of remote electronic voting via the Internet.
● 2007 - The first of two total lunar eclipses in 2007, observed during the early hours (penumbral eclipse ending 02:23:44 UT), was unique in that it was partly visible from every continent around the world.
BIRTHS
● 1188 - Blanche of Castile, wife of Louis VIII of France (d. 1252)
● 1394 - Henry the Navigator, Portuguese sponsor of voyages of exploration (d. 1460)
● 1492 - Francesco de Layolle, Italian composer (d. c.1540)
● 1525 - Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Italian composer of Renaissance music (d. 1594)
● 1610 - William Dobson, English portraitist and painter (d. 1646)
● 1651 - John Somers, 1st Baron Somers (d. 1716)
● 1665 - Philip Christoph von Königsmarck, Swedish soldier (d. 1694)
● 1678 - Antonio Vivaldi, Italian composer (d. 1741)
● 1702 - Jack Sheppard, English burglar and escapee (d. 1724)
● 1706 - Lauritz de Thurah, Danish architect and architectural writer (d. 1759)
● 1715 - James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave, British statesman (d. 1763)
● 1719 - George Pigot, Baron Pigot, British governor of Madras (d. 1777)
● 1745 - Charles Dibdin, English composer (d.1814)
● 1746 - Kazimierz Pułaski, American Revolutionary War general (d. 1779)
● 1756 - Sir Henry Raeburn, Scottish painter (d. 1823)
● 1781 - Rebecca Gratz, American educator and philanthropist (d. 1869)
● 1782 - Johann Rudolf Wyss, Swiss folklorist (d. 1830)
● 1792 - Samuel Slocum, American inventor (d. 1861)
● 1793 - Karl Lachmann, German philologist (d. 1851)
● 1817 - Edwards Pierrepont, American statesman, jurist and lawyer; 34th United States Attorney General (d. 1892)
● 1819 - Charles Oberthur, German-born harpist (d. 1895)
● 1822 - Jules Antoine Lissajous, French mathematician (d. 1880)
● 1826 - John Buford, American Civil War Union cavalry officer (d. 1863)
● 1826 - Theodore Judah, American railroad engineer (d. 1863)
● 1835 - John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist (d. 1911)
● 1847 - Karl Bayer, Austrian chemist (d. 1904)
● 1854 - Sir Napier Shaw, British meteorologist (d. 1945)
● 1856 - Alfred William Rich, English painter (d. 1921)
● 1856 - Toru Dutt, English and French poet and author (d. 1877)
● 1859 - Alexander Stepanovich Popov, Russian physicist (d. 1905)
● 1862 - Jacob Robert Emden, Swiss astrophysicist and meteorologist (d. 1940)
● 1863 - Guilląme Furrét, Portuguese playwright and political activist (d. 1937)
● 1863 - John Henry Wigmore, American jurist and expert in the law of evidence (d. 1943)
● 1863 - Reginald Innes Pocock, British zoologist (d. 1947)
● 1864 - David Watson Taylor, U.S. Navy architect (d. 1940)
● 1870 - Thomas Sturge Moore, English poet (d. 1944)
● 1871 - Boris Galerkin, Russian mathematician (d. 1945)
● 1873 - Guy Wetmore Carryl, American humorist and poet (d. 1904)
● 1873 - John H. Trumbull, 54th Governor of the U.S. state of Connecticut (d. 1961)
● 1875 - Enrique Larreta, Argentine novelist (d. 1961)
● 1875 - Mihály Károlyi, former Prime Minister of Hungary and President of Hungary (d. 1955)
● 1876 - Léon-Paul Fargue, French poet (d. 1947)
● 1876 - Theodore Hardeen, Magician and stunt performer, founder of the Magician's Guild (d. 1945)
● 1877 - Alexander Fyodorovich Gedike, Russian composer (d. 1957)
● 1877 - Fritz Graebner, German ethnologist (d. 1934)
● 1877 - Garrett Morgan, American inventor (d. 1963)
● 1878 - Arishima Takeo, Japanese novelist, short-story writer and essayist (d. 1923)
● 1878 - Egbert Van Alstyne, American songwriter and pianist (d. 1951)
● 1878 - Peter D. Ouspensky, Russian philosopher (d. 1947)
● 1879 - Josip Murn Aleksandrov, Slovenian poet (d. 1901)
● 1880 - Channing Pollock, American playwright and critic (d. 1946)
● 1881 - Maude Fealy, American actor (d. 1971)
● 1881 - Richard C. Tolman, American mathematical physicist (d. 1948)
● 1881 - Thomas Sigismund Stribling, American writer (d. 1965)
● 1881 - Todor Aleksandrov, 19th century Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1924)
● 1882 - Nicolae Titulescu, Romanian diplomat, government minister, and former President of the League of Nations (d. 1941)
● 1883 - Sam Langford, Canadian boxer (d. 1956)
● 1884 - Red Murray, American professional baseball player (d. 1958)
● 1886 - Paul Bazelaire, French cellist (d. 1958)
● 1887 - Violet MacMillan, American Broadway theatre actress (d. 1953)
● 1888 - Jeff Pfeffer, American professional baseball pitcher (d. 1972)
● 1888 - Knute Rockne, American football player and coach (d. 1931)
● 1889 - Oren E. Long, 10th Territorial Governor of Hawai'i (d. 1965)
● 1889 - Oscar Chisini, Italian mathematician (d. 1967)
● 1889 - Pearl Fay White, American actress (d. 1938)
● 1889 - Pearl White, American actress (d. 1938)
● 1891 - Dazzy Vance, American Major League Baseball pitcher (d. 1961)
● 1891 - Lois Wilson, founder of Al-Anon (d. 1988) {Wife of Bill Wilson co-founder of AA}
● 1895 - Bjarne Brustad, Norwegian violinist (d. 1978)
● 1895 - Milt Gross, American comic book illustrator (d. 1953)
● 1895 - Shemp Howard, American comedian (Three Stooges) (d. 1955)
● 1897 - Lefty O'Doul, American baseball player (d. 1969)
● 1898 - Georges Dumézil, French philologist (d. 1940)
● 1899 - Emilio Prados, Spanish poet and editor (d. 1962)
● 1900 - Herbert Biberman, American screenwriter (d. 1971)
● 1901 - Charles Goren, American bridge player and writer (d. 1991)
● 1901 - Jean Joseph Rabearivelo, Malagasy/French poet (d. 1937)
● 1903 - Dorothy Mackaill, British-born actress (d. 1990)
● 1903 - John Scarne, American magician (d. 1985)
● 1903 - Luis Carrero Blanco, Spanish statesman (d. 1973)
● 1903 - William C. Boyd, American immunochemist (d. 1983)
● 1904 - Chief Tahachee, American-born Old Settler Cherokee Indian stage and film actor (d. 1978)
● 1904 - George Gamow, Ukrainian-born physicist (d. 1968)
● 1904 - Joseph Schmidt Austrian-Hungarian tenor and actor (d. 1942)
● 1906 - Charles Rudolph Walgreen, Jr., American businessman (d. 2007)
● 1906 - Georges Ronsse, Belgian national cyclo-cross and world champion road bicycle racer (d. 1969)
● 1906 - Meindert DeJong American author (d. 1991)
● 1907 - Eleanor "Sis" Daley, wife of Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley (d. 2003)
● 1908 - T.R.M. Howard, American civil rights leader (d. 1976)
● 1909 - Harry Helmsley, American real estate entrepreneur (d. 1997)
● 1912 - Afro Basaldella, Italian painter (d. 1976)
● 1912 - Carl Marzani, American documentarian (d. 1994)
● 1912 - Judith Furse, British character actress (d. 1974)
● 1913 - John Garfield, American actor (d. 1952)
● 1913 - Taos Amrouche, Algerian writer and singer (d. 1976)
● 1913 - Willie Johnson, American guitarist (d. 1995)
● 1914 - Gino Colaussi (Luigi Colaussi), Italian footballer (d. 1991)
● 1914 - Robert R. Wilson, American physicist, sculptor and architect (d. 2000)
● 1914 - Ward Kimball, American cartoonist (d. 2002)
● 1915 - Carlos Surinach, Spanish composer (d. 1997)
● 1916 - Giorgio Bassani, Italian writer (d. 2000)
● 1916 - Hans Eysenck, German-born psychologist (d. 1997)
● 1916 - William Alland, American actor, producer, writer and director (d. 1997)
● 1917 - Clyde McCullough, American baseball player (d. 1982)
● 1918 - Margaret Osborne duPont, American tennis player
● 1919 - Buck Baker, American racecar driver (d. 2002)
● 1920 - Alan MacNaughtan, Scottish actor (d. 2002)
● 1920 - Jean Lecanuet, French politician (d. 1993)
● 1921 - Dinny Pails, Australian tennis player
● 1921 - Halim El-Dabh, Egyptian-born composer
● 1921 - Joan Greenwood, English actress (d. 1987)
● 1921 - Wilson Harris, Guyanese writer
● 1922 - Dina Pathak (Deena Pathak), Veteran Gujarati theatre and film actress (d. 2002)
● 1922 - Martha O'Driscoll, American film actress (d. 1998)
● 1922 - Richard E. Cunha, American cinematographer and film director (d. 2005)
● 1923 - Sir Patrick Moore, British astronomer
● 1924 - Kenneth O'Donnell, Aide to US President John F. Kennedy (d. 1977)
● 1925 - Paul Mauriat, French musician (d. 2006)
● 1926 - Don Rendell, English jazz musician and arranger
● 1926 - Fran Warren, American singer
● 1926 - James J. Eagan, Former Mayor of Florissant, Missouri (d. 2000)
● 1926 - Pascual Pérez, Argentine flyweight boxer (d. 1977)
● 1926 - Richard DeVos, American billionaire, co-founder of Amway
● 1927 - Cy Touff, American jazz musician (d. 2003)
● 1927 - Dick Savitt, American tennis player
● 1927 - Philip Batt, 29th Governor of the U.S. state of Idaho
● 1927 - Robert Orben, American magician
● 1927 - Thayer David, American actor (d. 1978)
● 1928 - Alan Sillitoe, English writer
● 1928 - Samuel Adler, American composer
● 1929 - Bernard Haitink, Dutch conductor
● 1929 - Josep Mestres Quadreny, Catalan composer
● 1931 - Alice Rivlin, American economist
● 1931 - Bob Johnson, American ice hockey coach (d. 1991)
● 1931 - Wally Bruner, American journalist and television host (d. 1997)
● 1931 - William Henry Keeler, American Roman Catholic Archbishop and Cardinal
● 1932 - Ed "Big Daddy" Roth, American car designer (d. 2001)
● 1932 - Frank Wells, American entertainment businessman (d. 1994)
● 1932 - Miriam Makeba, South African singer
● 1932 - Ryszard Kapuściński, Polish journalist (d. 2007)
● 1933 - Ann Burton, Dutch jazz singer (d. 1989)
● 1933 - John W Mills, British sculptor
● 1933 - Nino Vaccarella, former Italian sports car racing and Formula One driver
● 1934 - Anne Haney, American actress (d. 2001)
● 1934 - Barbara McNair, American singer and actress (d. 2007)
● 1934 - Gleb Yakunin, Russian priest and dissident
● 1934 - Janez Strnad, Slovenian physicist
● 1934 - John Duffey, American bluegrass musician (d. 1996)
● 1934 - Mario Davidovsky, Argentinian composer
● 1935 - Bent Larsen, Danish chess player
● 1935 - Nancy Whiskey, Scottish folk singer (d. 2003)
● 1936 - Aribert Reimann, German composer
● 1936 - Jim Clark, OBE, Scottish racing driver and two-time F1 world champion (d. 1968)
● 1937 - Barney Wilen, French jazz saxophonist (d. 1996)
● 1937 - Graham Dowling, New Zealand cricketer
● 1937 - Leslie Gelb, American foreign policy advisor
● 1937 - Yuri Senkevich, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2003)
● 1938 - Adam Daniel Rotfeld, Polish diplomat and researcher
● 1938 - Angus MacLise, American percussionist (d. 1979)
● 1938 - Don Perkins, American football player
● 1938 - Paula Prentiss, American actress
● 1939 - Carlos Vereza, Brazilian actor
● 1939 - Jack Fisher, American baseball player
● 1939 - Paula Prentiss, American actress
● 1940 - Volodymyr Morozov, Ukrainian flatwater canoer
● 1941 - Adrian Lyne, English film director
● 1941 - Bobby Shew, American jazz musician
● 1941 - John Aprea, American actor
● 1942 - Charles C. Krulak, 31st Commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps
● 1942 - David Matthews, American keyboardist, pianist, and arranger
● 1942 - Gloria Gaither, American gospel songwriter
● 1943 - Lucio Dalla, Italian singer and songwriter
● 1943 - Zoltan Jeney, Hungarian composer
● 1944 - Bobby Womack, American singer
● 1944 - Harvey Postlethwaite, English engineer and race car designer (d. 1999)
● 1944 - Ulrich Roski, German singer-songwriter (d. 2003)
● 1945 - Dieter Meier, Swiss singer
● 1945 - Gary Williams, American basketball coach
● 1945 - Tara Browne, British socialite (d. 1966)
● 1945 - Tommy Svensson, Swedish football manager
● 1946 - Haile Gerima, Ethiopian filmmaker
● 1946 - Harvey Goldsmith, British impresario
● 1946 - Michael Ashcroft, English entrepreneur
● 1947 - David Franzoni, American screenwriter
● 1947 - Gunnar Hansen, Icelandic actor
● 1947 - Gwen Welles, American actress (d. 1993)
● 1947 - Jan Garbarek, Norwegian musician
● 1948 - Chris Squire, English bassist (Yes)
● 1948 - James Ellroy, American writer
● 1948 - Jean O'Leary, American gay and lesbian rights activist and politician (d. 2005)
● 1948 - Leron Lee, American baseball player
● 1948 - Lindy Chamberlain, Australian author
● 1948 - Shakin' Stevens, Welsh singer
● 1948 - Tom Grieve, American baseball player
● 1949 - Carroll Baker, Canadian country singer and songwriter
● 1950 - Ofelia Medina, Mexican actress and screenwriter
● 1950 - Rick Perry, Governor of Texas
● 1951 - Chris Rea, English singer
● 1951 - Edelgard Bulmahn, German politician
● 1951 - Kenny Dalglish, Scottish footballer and manager
● 1951 - Linda Yamamoto, Japanese singer
● 1951 - Mike Quarry, American light heavyweight boxer (d. 2006)
● 1951 - Sam Perlozzo, American Major League Baseball manager (Baltimore Orioles)
● 1951 - Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, American novelist (d. 1982)
● 1952 - Ronn Moss, American actor (''The Bold and the Beautiful'')
● 1952 - Scott Hicks, Ugandan-born movie director
● 1952 - Umberto Tozzi, Italian singer
● 1953 - Chris Smith, American politician
● 1953 - Emilio Estefan, Cuban percussionist (Miami Sound Machine)
● 1953 - Kay Lenz, American actress
● 1953 - Paweł Janas, Polish football manager and former footballer
● 1953 - Scott Hicks, Ugandan-born film director
● 1954 - Adrian Zmed, American actor
● 1954 - Catherine O'Hara, Canadian actress
● 1954 - François Fillon, French politician, Prime Minister of France
● 1954 - Irina Ratushinskaya, Russian writer and dissident
● 1954 - Mark Chorvinsky, American author and editor (d. 2005)
● 1954 - Peter Jacobsen, American professional golfer
● 1954 - Willie Thorne, English snooker player
● 1955 - Dominique Pinon, French actor
● 1955 - James Weaver, English race car driver
● 1955 - Rowland Charles Gould (Boon Gould) English musician (Level 42)
● 1956 - Kermit Driscoll, American jazz bassist
● 1957 - Jim Dwyer, American journalist and Pulitzer Prize winner
● 1957 - Rick Mast, American NASCAR driver
● 1958 - Lennie Lee, British artist
● 1958 - Patricia Heaton, American actress (''Everybody Loves Raymond'')
● 1959 - Rick Ardon, Australian news presenter
● 1960 - Christina Sussiek, former German athlete
● 1960 - John Mugabi, Ugandan boxer
● 1960 - Mikko Kuustonen, Finnish singer and songwriter
● 1960 - Mykelti Williamson, American actor
● 1961 - Ray Mancini, American boxer
● 1961 - Roger Wessels, South African golfer
● 1961 - Sabine Everts, former German track athlete
● 1961 - Steven Weber, American actor ("Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip," "Wings")
● 1962 - David Sparrow, English actor
● 1962 - Greg Kragen, American footballer
● 1962 - Lolo Ferrari, French actress (d. 2000)
● 1962 - Simon Bisley, British comic book artist
● 1963 - Barbara Bubula, Polish politician
● 1963 - Daniel Roebuck, American actor
● 1963 - Janey Lee Grace, English singer, author, television presenter and radio disc jockey
● 1963 - Jason Newsted, American bassist (Metallica)
● 1964 - Tom Lampkin, American baseball player
● 1965 - Andrew Collins, English journalist, scriptwriter and broadcaster
● 1965 - Gary Helms, American country singer
● 1965 - Jonathan Shearer, Scottish castaway
● 1965 - Khaled Hosseini, Afghan author and physician
● 1965 - Paul W. S. Anderson, English filmmaker
● 1965 - Stacy Edwards, American actress (''Chicago Hope'')
● 1965 - WestBam (Maximillian Lenz), German rave techno DJ
● 1965 - Yuri Lonchakov, Russian cosmonaut
● 1966 - Daniela Amavia, Greek-American actress and international model
● 1966 - Dav Pilkey, American author
● 1966 - Emese Hunyady, Hungarian speed skater
● 1966 - Grand Puba, American rapper
● 1966 - Kevin Johnson, American basketball player
● 1966 - Patrick Hannan, Rock musician (The Sundays)
● 1966 - Sophia Ferrari, Italian actress
● 1966 - Steve Bastoni, Italian Australian actor
● 1966 - Wash West, English gay porn film director
● 1967 - Andrew Osmond, English writer
● 1967 - Daryll Cullinan, South African cricketer
● 1967 - Evan Dando, American musician (The Lemonheads)
● 1967 - Kubilay Türkyılmaz, former Turkish-Swiss footballer
● 1968 - Giovanni Carrara, Venezuelan baseball player
● 1968 - Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Greek politician
● 1968 - Patsy Kensit, English actress
● 1969 - Annie Shizuka Inoh, Taiwanese actress
● 1969 - Chastity Bono, American actress and gay rights activist
● 1969 - Jason Townsend, American artist and record producer
● 1969 - Patrick Roach, Canadian actor
● 1969 - Pierluigi Casiraghi, Italian football manager
● 1969 - Stina Nordenstam, Swedish experimental pop singer, songwriter and musician
● 1970 - Àlex Crivillé, Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle road racer
● 1970 - Andrea Bendewald, American actress
● 1971 - Fergal Lawler, Irish drummer (The Cranberries)
● 1971 - Iain Baird, Canadian soccer player
● 1971 - Jason Sellers, Country singer
● 1971 - Jovan Stanković, Serbian footballer
● 1971 - Satoshi Motoyama, Japanese racing driver
● 1971 - Shavar Ross, American actor-turned film director, writer, film producer and editor
● 1971(70? NYT) - Nick Stabile, American actor
● 1972 - Alison Wheeler, British singer (The Beautiful South)
● 1972 - Ivy Queen, American composer and singer
● 1972 - Jos Verstappen, Dutch Formula One driver
● 1972 - Pae Gil-Su, North Korean gymnast
● 1972 - Robert Smith, American footballer
● 1973 - Len Wiseman, American director
● 1973 - Phillip Daniels, American footballer
● 1973 - Summer Cummings, American actress
● 1974 - Ariel Ortega, Argentine footballer
● 1974 - Edward Hancock II, American author
● 1974 - ICS Vortex (Simen Hestnæs), Norwegian vocalist (Arcturus)
● 1974 - Karol Kučera, Slovak tennis player
● 1974 - Tommy Phelps, American baseball player
● 1975 - Antti Aalto, Finnish ice hockey player
● 1975 - Hawksley Workman, Canadian rock singer-songwriter
● 1975 - Kim Jung-Eun, South Korean actress
● 1975 - Kirsten Bolm, German hurdler
● 1975 - Myrna Veenstra, Dutch field hockey player
● 1975 - Patrick Femerling, German-born professional basketball player
● 1976 - Hiram Bocachica, Puerto Rican baseball player
● 1976 - Scott Sturgeon (Stza Crack), American musician (Choking Victim and Leftover Crack)
● 1976 - Sean Covel, American film producer
● 1976 - Thierry Renaer, Belgian field hockey player
● 1976 - Vic Wunderle, American archer
● 1977 - Ana Gabriela Guevara, Mexican athlete
● 1977 - Daniel Klewer, German footballer
● 1977 - Jason Marsalis, American musician
● 1977 - Juha Helppi, Finnish professional poker player
● 1977 - Sabrina Sabrok, Argentine-Mexican model, television actress and singer
● 1978 - Denis Dallan, Italian rugby union footballer
● 1978 - Nate Ackerman, British-American logician and wrestler
● 1978 - Pierre Dagenais, Canadian ice hockey player
● 1978 - Rachel Roberts, Canadian model and actress
● 1979 - Ben Fouhy, New Zealand flatwater canoeist
● 1979 - Geoff Huegill, Australian swimmer
● 1979 - John Lawler (John Fratelli), Scottish singer (The Fratellis)
● 1980 - Arash Markazi, American sportswriter
● 1980 - Jack Hannahan, American baseball player
● 1980 - Jung Da Bin, South Korean actress (d. 2007)
● 1980 - Omar Bravo, Mexican footballer
● 1981 - Carol Banawa, Filipina singer and celebrity
● 1981 - Donny Tourette, English punk rock singer (Towers of London)
● 1982 - Charity Rahmer, American actress
● 1982 - Landon Donovan, American soccer player
● 1982 - Mariano Altuna, Argentine racing driver
● 1983 - Matthew Krok, former Australian child actor
● 1983 - Max Vergara Poeti, Colombian writer
● 1984 - Ai Iwamura, Japanese actress
● 1984 - Zak Whitbread, American-born English soccer player
● 1985 - Chinedum Ndukwe, American football player
● 1986 - Bohdan Shust, Ukrainian footballer
● 1986 - Margo Harshman, American actress
● 1986 - Tom De Mul, Belgian footballer
● 1990 - Andrea Bowen, American actress (''Desperate Housewives'')
● 1991 - Diandra Newlin, American actress, singer, and fashion model
● 1992 - Jazmin Grace Grimaldi, daughter of Albert II, Prince of Monaco
● 1993 - Abigail Mavity, American actress
● 1993 - Alice Jones, British actress
● 1993 - Jenna Boyd, American actress
● 1993 - Yves Michel-Beneche, American actor
● 1998 - Prince Paul Louis of Nassau, son of Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg
DEATHS
● 251 - Pope Lucius I
● 480 - Saint Landry, bishop of Sées
● 561 - Pope Pelagius I
● 1172 - Stephen III of Hungary (b. 1147)
● 1193 - Saladin, Kurdish sultan (b. 1137)
● 1238 - Joan of England, Queen Consort of Scotland, wife of Alexander II (b. 1210)
● 1238 - Yuri II, Grand Prince of Vladimir (b. 1189)
● 1303 - Daniel of Moscow, Russian Saint, Grand Prince of Muscovy (b. 1261)
● 1484 - Saint Casimir, Prince of Poland (b. 1458)
● 1496 - Sigismund of Austria (b. 1427)
● 1583 - Bernard Gilpin, English clergyman, "Apostle of the North" (b. 1517)
● 1604 - Fausto Paolo Sozzini, Italian theologian (b. 1539)
● 1615 - Hans von Aachen, German painter (b. 1552)
● 1619 - Anne of Denmark, wife of James I (b. 1574)
● 1710 - Louis III, Prince of Condé (b. 1668)
● 1733 - Claude de Forbin, French naval commander (b. 1656)
● 1744 - John Anstis, Garter King of Arms (b. 1669)
● 1762 - Johannes Zick, German fresco painter (b. 1702)
● 1793 - Louis de Bourbon, French admiral (b. 1725)
● 1795 - John Collins, American politician (b. 1717)
● 1805 - Jean-Baptiste Greuze, French painter (b. 1725)
● 1807 - Abraham Baldwin, American politician (b. 1754)
● 1821 - Princess Elizabeth of Clarence, daughter of King William IV, granddaughter of King George III (b. 1820)
● 1832 - Jean-François Champollion, French scholar (b. 1790)
● 1851 - James Richardson, British explorer (b. 1809)
● 1852 - Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (b. 1809)
● 1853 - Christian Leopold von Buch, German geologist (b. 1774)
● 1858 - Matthew Perry, U.S. naval officer (b. 1794)
● 1864 - Thomas Starr King, influential Californian Unitarian minister during the American Civil War (b. 1824)
● 1866 - Alexander Campbell, Irish founder of the Disciples of Christ (b. 1788)
● 1868 - Jesse Chisholm, American pioneer of the Chisholm Trail (b. 1805)
● 1872 - Johannes Carsten Hauch, Danish poet (b. 1790)
● 1883 - Alexander Hamilton Stephens, former Vice President of the Confederate States of America (b. 1812)
● 1888 - Amos Bronson Alcott, American philosopher (b. 1799)
● 1903 - Joseph Henry Shorthouse, English novelist (b. 1834)
● 1906 - John McAllister Schofield, former U.S. Secretary of War and Commanding General of the U.S. Army (b. 1831)
● 1910 - Knut Ångström, Swedish physicist (b. 1857)
● 1915 - William Willett, Inventor of Daylight Saving Time (b. 1856)
● 1916 - Franz Marc, German artist (b. 1880)
● 1922 - Bert Williams, American entertainer (b. 1874)
● 1925 - James Ward, English psychologist and philosopher (b. 1843)
● 1925 - John Montgomery "Monte" Ward, American baseball player (b. 1860)
● 1925 - Moritz Moszkowski, Polish/German composer (b. 1854)
● 1927 - Ira Remsen American chemist (b. 1846)
● 1938 - George Foster Peabody, American politician (b. 1852)
● 1938 - Jack Taylor, American baseball player (b. 1874)
● 1940 - Hamlin Garland, American novelist (b. 1860)
● 1941 - Ludwig Quidde, German pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1858)
● 1944 - Emanuel Weiss, American hitman (b. 1906) (executed)
● 1944 - Fannie Barrier Williams, American educator and political activist (b. 1855)
● 1944 - Louis Buchalter, Jewish American mobster (b.1897) (executed)
● 1944 - Louis Capone, New York organized crime figure (b. 1896) (executed)
● 1945 - Lucille La Verne, American actress (d. 1972)
● 1945 - Mark Sandrich, American film director, writer and producer (b. 1900)
● 1946 - Bror von Blixen-Finecke, Danish big-game hunter (b. 1886)
● 1948 - Antonin Artaud, French actor/director (b. 1896)
● 1950 - Adam Rainer, the only man in recorded human history ever to have been both a dwarf and a giant (b. 1899)
● 1952 - Charles Scott Sherrington, English scientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1857)
● 1954 - Noel Gay, English composer, (b. 1898)
● 1959 - Maxey Long, American athlete (b. 1878)
● 1960 - Herbert O'Conor, 51st Governor of the US State of Maryland (b. 1896)
● 1960 - Leonard Warren, American baritone (b. 1911)
● 1962 - George Mogridge, Major League Baseball pitcher (b. 1889)
● 1963 - William Carlos Williams, American poet (b. 1883)
● 1967 - José Martínez Ruiz, Spanish poet and writer (b. 1873)
● 1967 - Michel Plancherel, Swiss mathematician (b. 1885)
● 1967 - Vladan Desnica, Croatian and Serbian writer (b. 1905)
● 1969 - Nicholas Schenck, Russian-born film empresario (b. 1881)
● 1973 - Samuel Tolansky, British scientist and expert on spectroscopy (b. 1907)
● 1974 - Adolph Gottlieb, American painter (b. 1903)
● 1976 - Walter H. Schottky, German physicist (b. 1886)
● 1977 - Andrés Caicedo, Colombian writer (b. 1951)
● 1977 - Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German politician and former Chancellor of Germany (b. 1887)
● 1977 - Toma Caragiu, Romanian actor (b. 1925)
● 1978 - Wesley Bolin, former Governor of the U.S. State of Arizona (b. 1909) {Bolin was a long time (over 30 years) Secretary of State for Arizona and a regular on the "rubber chicken" circuit (about 300 times a year), it is amazing on such a diet he lived as long as he did.}
● 1979 - Willi Unsoeld, American mountain climber (b. 1926)
● 1981 - Torin Thatcher, Indian actor (b. 1905)
● 1981 - Yip Harburg, American lyricist (b. 1896)
● 1984 - Ernest Buckler, Canadian novelist (b. 1908)
● 1984 - Geoffrey Lumsden, British actor (b. 1914)
● 1984 - Jewel Carmen, American actress (b. 1897)
● 1986 - Howard Greenfield, American songwriter (b. 1936)
● 1986 - Richard Manuel, Canadian musician (The Band) (b. 1943)
● 1989 - Tiny Grimes, American jazz and R&B guitarist (b. 1916)
● 1990 - Hank Gathers, American basketball player (b. 1967)
● 1992 - Art Babbitt, American animator (b. 1907)
● 1993 - Art Hodes, American jazz pianist (b. 1904)
● 1994 - John Candy, Canadian comedian (b. 1950)
● 1995 - Eden Ahbez, American composer (b. 1908)
● 1996 - Minnie Pearl, American comedian (b. 1912)
● 1997 - Carey Loftin, American actor/stuntman (b. 1914)
● 1997 - Robert H. Dicke, American physicist (b. 1916)
● 1999 - Del Close, American actor (b. 1934)
● 1999 - Harry Blackmun, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (b. 1908)
● 1999 - Karel van het Reve, Dutch writer (b. 1921)
● 2001 - Fred Lasswell, American cartoonist (b. 1916)
● 2001 - Glenn Hughes, American singer (The Village People) (b. 1950)
● 2001 - Harold Stassen, American politician (b. 1907) {Perennial Republican candidate for President at first serious, 1948/1952, later to be figure of ridicule.}
● 2001 - Jim Rhodes, Governor of Ohio (b. 1909)
● 2002 - Claire Davenport, English actress (b. 1933)
● 2002 - Elyne Mitchell, Australian author (b. 1913)
● 2002 - Eric Flynn, British actor/singer (b. 1939)
● 2002 - Velibor Vasović, Yugoslavian footballer (b. 1939)
● 2003 - Jaba Ioseliani, Georgian bank robber (b. 1926)
● 2003 - Sébastien Japrisot, French author, screenwriter and film director (b. 1931)
● 2004 - Claude Nougaro, French singer (b. 1929)
● 2004 - George Pake, American physicist (b. 1924)
● 2004 - John McGeoch, Scottish musician (b. 1955)
● 2004 - Stephen Sprouse, American fashion designer (b. 1953)
● 2005 - Carlos Sherman, Uruguayan-born writer (b. 1934)
● 2005 - Nicola Calipari, Italian secret service agent (b. 1953)
● 2005 - Robert Consoli, American actor and musician (b. 1964)
● 2005 - Una Hale, Australian soprano (b. 1922)
● 2005 - Yuriy Kravchenko, Ukrainian statesman (b. 1951)
● 2006 - Dave Rose, American artist (b. 1910)
● 2006 - Edgar Valter, Estonian illustrator/cartoonist (b. 1929)
● 2006 - John Reynolds Gardiner, American engineer (b. 1944)
● 2006 - Roman Ogaza, Polish footballer (b. 1952)
● 2007 - Bob Hattoy, American activist (b. 1950)
● 2007 - Ian Wooldridge, British sports journalist (b. 1932)
● 2007 - Natalie Bodanya (Natalie Bodanskaya), American soprano (b. 1908)
● 2007 - Richard Joseph, British games soundtrack composer (b. 1954)
● 2007 - Sunil Kumar Mahato, Indian parliamentarian (b. 1966)
● 2007 - Tadeusz Nalepa, Polish composer, guitar player, vocalist and lyricist (b. 1934)
● 2007 - Thomas Eagleton, American politician (b. 1929)
HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES
● Roman Catholic:
● St. Adrian of Nicomedia, bishop of St. Andrew's, and his Companions.
● St. Appian
● St. Basil and Companions
● St. Basinus
● St. Casimir of Poland, patron saint of Lithuania.
● St. Efrem
● St. Felix of Rhuys
● St. Humbert III of Savoy, Blessed
● St. Lucius I, pope, martyr.
● St. Owen
● St. Peter of Pappacarbone
● St. Pierre de Cluny
● St. Placide Viel
● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 21 (Civil Date: March 4)
● St. Timothy of Symbola in Bithynia.
● St. Eustathius (Eustace), Archbishop of Antioch.
● St. George, Bishop of Amastris on the Black Sea.
● Services combined with St. Eustathius
● St. John the Scholastic, Patriarch of Constantinople.
● St. Zachariah, Patriarch of Jerusalem.
● "Kozelshchanskaya" Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos.
● Repose of Blessed Simon Todorsky, Bishop of Pskov (1754), and Elder Macarius of Glinsk Hermitage (1864).
● Wales - Feast day of Rhiannon, Celtic Moon Goddess.
● Pennsylvania - Charter Day (1681).
● St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada - Charter Day (1881)
● Thailand - Magka Puja
● United States - Constitution Day (1789)
● United States - Inauguration Day (1789 - 1933)
● Admission Day to the United States
● Vermont - 14th state (1791)
IN FICTION
● 1881 - Holmes & Watson begin "A Study in Scarlet", 1st case together
THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.
This Previous Day in History Post With
This Original Wikipedia List form the core of this post.
Additional facts taken from:
Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.
Roman Catholic Saint of the Day
Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar
Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004
Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004 Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from 1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004
Permanent Backlink to Post
From 1793 - 1933, March 4 was Inauguration Day for the President of the United States. Beginning in 1937, Inauguration Day has been January 20.
Day of the week in surrounding years:
. . . .,1985,1991,1996,2002—MON—. . . .
1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—TUE—2008
1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—WED—2009
1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—THU—2010
1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—FRI—2011
. . . .,1989,1995,2000,2006—SAT—. . . .
1984,1990,. . . .,2001,2007—SUN—2012
PASCAL DATE INFORMATION
Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.
March 4 is the 30th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 136 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 3rd/4th of the 36 dates.
It occurred on this date previously in the years:
330, 341, 352, 425, 431, 436, 515, 520, 526, 599, 610, 621, 683, 694, 705, 716, 767, 778, 789, 800, 862, 873, 884, 957, 963, 968, 1047, 1052, 1058, 1131, 1142, 1153, 1215, 1226, 1237, 1248, 1299, 1310, 1321, 1332, 1394, 1405, 1416, 1489, 1495, 1500, 1579, 1609, 1615, 1620, 1699, 1767, 1772, 1778, 1829, 1835, 1840, 1908, 1981, 1987, 1992
It will occur on this date in the future in the years:
2071, 2076, 2082, 2133, 2139, 2144, 2201, 2207, 2212, 2291, 2296, 2359, 2364, 2370, 2443, 2448, 2454, 2511, 2516, 2522, 2595, 2663, 2668, 2674, 2725, 2731, 2736, 2815, 2820, 2826, 2899, 2967, 2978, 2989, 3035, 3040, 3046, 3103, 3108, 3114, 3187, 3192, 3198, 3209, 3271, 3282, 3293, 3339, 3344, 3350, 3361, 3407, 3412, 3418, 3491, 3559, 3570, 3581, 3643, 3654, 3665, 3711, 3722, 3733, 3795, 3863, 3874, 3885, 3931, 3936, 3942, 4015, 4026, 4037, 4099
Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Foreign Policy "Shared risks, shared burdens, shared benefits—it's not only a good motto for NATO, it's also a good prescription for America's role in the world." — Wesley Clark {This man, a former general in the US Army, is living proof that all US military are right wing wackos is a lie.}
Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Do As I Say, Not As I Do "Kurt Cobain died of a drug-induced suicide, I just—he was a worthless shred of human debris." — Rush "Drug-Addled Gas Bag" Limbaugh, 4-8-94. lumberjackonliune.com.
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports "A day without newspapers is like walking around without your pants on." — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.
{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}
MOON PHASE
Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)
Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 12% Age: 89% Rise: 4:58 AM Set: 3:04 PM
Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)
Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 13% Age: 88% Rise: 5:07 AM Set: 3:33 PM
Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)
Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 13% Age: 88% Rise: 5:04 AM Set: 2:45 PM
Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)
Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 13% Age: 88% Rise: 4:42 AM Set: 2:17 PM
NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY
NGC 6334: The Cat's Paw Nebula
Credit & Copyright: T. A. Rector (U. Alaska), T. Abbott, NOAO, AURA, NSF
Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation
EVENTS
● 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title princeps iuventutis (head of the youth).
● 303 or 304 - Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
● 852 - Croatian Duke Trpimir I issued a statute, a document with the first known written mention of the Croats name in Croatian sources.
● 932 - Translation of the relics of martyr Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia, Prince of the Czechs.
● 1152 - Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of the Germans.
● 1215 - King John of England makes an oath to the Pope as a crusader to gain the support of Innocent III.
● 1238 - The Battle of the Sit River was fought in the northern part of the present-day Yaroslavl Oblast of Russia between the Mongol Hordes of Batu Khan and the Russians under Yuri II of Vladimir-Suzdal during the Mongol invasion of Russia.
● 1275 - Chinese astronomers observe a total eclipse of the sun.
● 1351 - Ramathibodi becomes King of Siam.
● 1386 - Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila) was crowned King of Poland.
● 1461 - Wars of the Roses in England: Lancastrian King Henry VI is deposed by his Yorkist cousin, who then becomes King Edward IV.
● 1492 - King James IV of Scotland concludes an alliance with France against England.
● 1493 - Explorer Christopher Columbus arrives back in Lisbon, Portugal aboard his ship Niña from his discovery voyage to America. He returned to Spain on March 15.
● 1519 - Hernan Cortes arrives in Mexico in search of the Aztec civilization and their wealth.
● 1570 - King Philip II of Spain bans foreign Dutch students.
● 1590 - Mauritius of Nassau's ship reaches Breda
● 1611 - George Abbot is appointed Archbishop of Canterbury.
● 1621 - Jakarta, Java is renamed Batavia.
● 1629 - Massachusetts Bay Colony, which had the role of colonizing the Americas, is granted a Royal charter.
● 1634 - Samuel Cole opens the first tavern in Boston, Massachusetts.
● 1665 - English King Charles II declares war on The Netherlands which marked the start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
● 1675 - John Flamsteed appointed first Astronomer Royal of England.
● 1681 - Charles II of England grants a land charter to William Penn for the area that will later become Pennsylvania.
● 1699 - Jews are expelled from Lubeck Germany
● 1712 - Jane Wenham ("A witch and a bitch") tried for talking to her cat and for flying. The last witchcraft trial in England.
● 1738 - Moravian missionary Peter Bohler, 26, advised future English founder of Methodism John Wesley, 34: 'Preach faith until you have it; and then, because you have it, you will preach faith.'
● 1741 - English fleet under Admiral Ogle reaches Cartagena
● 1766 - The British Parliament repealed the Stamp Act, which had caused bitter and violent opposition in the U.S. colonies.
● 1774 - First sighting of Orion Nebula by William Herschel.
● 1776 - The American War of Independence: The Americans capture "Dorchester Heights" dominating the port of Boston, Massachusetts.
● 1778 - The Continental Congress voted to ratify both the Treaty of Amity and Commerce and the Treaty of Alliance with France. The two treaties were the first entered into by the United States government.
● 1789 - In New York City, the first U.S. Congress meets and declares the new Constitution of the United States is in effect (9 senators, 13 representatives).
● 1790 - France is divided into 83 départements, which cut across the former provinces in an attempt to dislodge regional loyalties based on noble ownership of land.
● 1791 - 1st Jewish member of US Congress, Israel Jacobs (Pennsylvania), takes office
● 1791 - A Constitutional Act is introduced by the British House of Commons in London which envisages the separation of Canada into Lower Canada (Quebec) and Upper Canada (Ontario).
● 1791 - President Washington calls the US Senate into its 1st special session
● 1791 - Vermont is admitted as the 14th U.S. state.
● 1792 - Oranges were introduced into Hawaii.
● 1793 - French troops conquer Geertruidenberg, Netherlands.
● 1793 - President Washington's 2nd inauguration, shortest speech (133 words)
● 1794 - The 11th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed by the U.S. Congress. The Amendment limited the jurisdiction of the federal courts to automatically hear cases brought against a state by the citizens of another state. Later interpretations expanded this to include citizens of the state being sued, as well.
● 1797 - In the first ever peaceful transfer of power between elected leaders in modern times, John Adams is sworn in as President of the United States, succeeding George Washington.
● 1798 - Catholic women force to do penance for kindling sabbath fire for Jews
● 1801 - 1st President inaugurated in Washington DC (Thomas Jefferson)
● 1804 - The Battle of Vinegar Hill, colony of New South Wales (Australia), when Irish convicts (some of whom had been involved in Ireland’s Battle of Vinegar Hill in 1798) led the colony’s only significant convict uprising.
● 1804 - The British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS) was founded at a large interdenominational meeting in London. Its purpose was "to promote the circulation of the Holy Scriptures, without note or comment, both at home and in foreign lands."
● 1809 - Madison becomes 1st President inaugurated in American-made clothes
● 1813 - Russian troops fighting the army of Napoleon reach Berlin in Germany and the French garrison evacuate the city without a fight.
● 1814 - Americans defeat the British at the Battle of Longwoods between London and Thamesville near present-day Wardsville, Ontario.
● 1824 - The "National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck" was founded in the United Kingdom, later to be renamed The Royal National Lifeboat Institution in 1858.
● 1825 - John Quincy Adams inaugrated as 6th President
● 1826 - 1st US RR chartered, Granite Railway in Quincy MA
● 1829 - Andrew Jackson inaugurated as 7th President
● 1829 - Unruly crowd mobs White House during President Jackson inaugural ball {Jackson joined mob in drinking.}
● 1835 - HMS Beagle moves into Bay of Concepción
● 1837 - Chicago is granted a city charter by Illinois.
● 1837 - Martin Van Buren inaugrated as 8th President
● 1841 - Pres. William Henry Harrison caught a fatal cold while standing hatless in the drizzle at his own Presidential inauguration. Longest inauguration speech (8,443 words). A month later, he is the first U.S. president to die in office. {That long speech was of little help.}
● 1845 - James K Polk inaugrated as 11th President
● 1848 - Carlo Alberto di Savoia signs the Statuto Albertino that will later represent the first constitution of the Regno d'Italia
● 1849 - Zachary Taylor refuses to be sworn in office as 12th President of the United States on a Sabbath (Sunday). Urban legend instead holds that the office of President of the United States is vacant for a single day and that David Rice Atchison, President pro tempore of the United States Senate was President de jure that day. However, Taylor was president despite not taking the oath.
● 1850 - Future statesman James A. Garfield, at age 18, was "buried with Christ in baptism." Thirty-one years, to the day! after his conversion, Garfield took the oath of office as 20th President of the United States.
● 1853 - An oncoming mail train shatters the rear car of a stalled Pennsylvania Railroad emigrant train in the Allegheny Mountains near Mount Union, Pennsylvania, killing seven. This was the highest single U.S. accident toll up to this time.
● 1853 - Pope Pius IX recovers Roman Catholic hierarchy in Netherlands.
● 1853 - William Rufus de Vane King (D) sworn in as 13th US Vice President
● 1859 - Charter of the French Opera House in New Orleans is granted, which opens on December 1 of the same year with a gala performance of Rossini's "William Tell".
● 1861 - Confederate States adopt "Stars and Bars" flag, on the same day that Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated as 16th President of the United States.
● 1861 - Lincoln inaugurated as 16th President; 1st time US has 5 former Presidents living
● 1861 - President Lincoln opens Government Printing Office.
● 1863 - Battle of Thompson's Station, Tennessee
● 1863 - Territory of Idaho established.
● 1865 - President Lincoln inaugurated for his 2nd term as President
● 1865 - Third (and last) national flag of the Confederate States of America adopted.
● 1869 - Ulysses Grant inaugurated as 18th President
● 1876 - US Congress decides to impeach Minister of War Belknap
● 1877 - Emile Berliner invents the microphone.
● 1880 - New York Daily Graphic publishes the first half-tone engraving.
● 1881 - California becomes 1st state to pass plant quarantine legislation
● 1881 - Eliza Ballou Garfield became the first mother of a U.S. President to live in the executive mansion.
● 1881 - James A Garfield inaugurated as 20th President
● 1881 - South African President Kruger accepts ceasefire
● 1882 - Birth of Joseph Spivak, Uman, Russia. Lifelong anarchist who emigrated to the U.S. and during WWI was actively involved around the country in anti-militarist campaigns with Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman.
● 1882 - Britain's first electric trams run in East London.
● 1885 - Grover Cleveland inaugurated as 1st Democratic President since Civil War
● 1887 - 23-year-old William Randolph Hearst buys the San Francisco Examiner, and starts to build the Hearst newspaper empire.
● 1887 - Gottlieb Daimler unveils his first automobile which he test runs in Esslingen and Cannstatt, Germany.
● 1888 - Knute Rockne, who changed the strategy of football as coach at Notre Dame, was born.
● 1889 - Benjamin Harrison inaugurated as 23rd President, he is the grandson of William Henry Harrison, president for 30 days forty-eight years earlier.
● 1890 - The longest bridge in the United Kingdom, the Forth Bridge (railway) (1,710 ft) in Scotland is opened by the Prince of Wales, who later became King Edward VII.
● 1891 - The International Copyright Act, halting the piracy of British, Belgium, French, and Swiss books by U.S. publishers, is passed by Congress.
● 1893 - Congo Free State: The army of Francis, Baron Dhanis attacks the Lualaba, enabling him to transport his troops across the Upper Congo and, capture Nyangwe almost without an effort.
● 1893 - Grover Cleveland (D) inaugrated as 24th US President (2nd term). He is only man to serve non-consecutive terms as president.
● 1894 - Great fire in Shanghai. Over 1,000 buildings are destroyed.
● 1897 - William McKinley inaugurated as 25th President of US
● 1899 - Cyclone Mahina sweeps in north of Cooktown, Queensland, with a 12 m wave that reaches up to 5 km inland - over 300 dead.
● 1901 - 1st advanced copy of inaugural speech (Jefferson-National Intelligencer)
● 1901 - President William McKinley inaugurated for 2nd term as President
● 1901 - Term of George H White, last of post-Reconstruction congressmen, ends
● 1902 - In Chicago, the American Automobile Association is established.
● 1904 - Russo-Japanese War: Russian troops in Korea retreat toward Manchuria followed by 100,000 Japanese troops.
● 1905 - Theodore Roosevelt was sworn in for his second term (first full term, he became president after McKinley was assassinated shortly after inauguration in 1901) as president.
● 1906 - Rosa Luxemburg is arrested and imprisoned at the Warsaw Citadel for revolutionary activities in Warsaw.
● 1907 - Louis Botha is appointed Prime Minister of the Transvaal, South Africa.
● 1908 - France notified signatories of Algeciras that it would send troops to Chaouia, Morocco.
● 1908 - The Collinwood School Fire, Collinwood near Cleveland, Ohio, kills 174 people.
● 1908 - The New York board of education banned the act of whipping students in school.
● 1909 - President Taft inaugrated as 27th President during 10" snowstorm
● 1909 - President William Taft approves Congressional Gold Medals for the Wright brothers.
● 1909 - US prohibits interstate transportation of game birds
● 1910 - Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) begins Spokane, Wash. free speech fight (which they win).
● 1911 - Victor Berger (Wisconsin) becomes the first socialist congressman in U.S..
● 1912 - Suffragettes, walking single file in Knightsbridge, London, smash every window they pass to protest government inaction.
● 1913 - First U.S. law regulating the shooting of migratory birds passed.
● 1913 - The United States Department of Commerce and United States Department of Labor are established by splitting the duties of the 10-year-old Department of Commerce and Labor.
● 1913 - Woodrow Wilson inaugurated as 28th President
● 1914 - Doctor Fillatre successfully separated Siamese twins.
● 1917 - Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia's renunciation of the throne is made public, and Tsar Nicholas II of Russia publicly issues his abdication manifesto. The victory of the February Revolution.
● 1917 - Jeannette Rankin of Montana, first U.S. Congresswoman, begins term. Rankin becomes the only Congressperson to vote against U.S. entry into both World Wars. Well into her advanced years, she also led protests against the war in Vietnam.
● 1918 - Terek Autonomous Republic established in RSFSR (until 1921)
● 1920 - Last day of Julian civil calendar in Greece
● 1921 - E. M. Forster sets out on a passage to India to assume his duties as secretary to the Maharaja of the state of Dewas Senior.
● 1921 - Hot Springs National Park created in Arkansas.
● 1922 - Tippeerary, Ireland gas workers seize their plant, hoist red flag.
● 1923 - Lenin's last article about Red bureaucracy was published in Pravda.
● 1925 - Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to have his inauguration broadcast on radio.
● 1925 - Swain's Island (near American Samoa) annexed by US
● 1926 - The government of Dirk Jan de Geer takes office in The Netherlands.
● 1929 - Charles Curtis becomes the first native-American Vice President.
● 1929 - Herbert Hoover inaugurated as 31st President
● 1930 - Blaze levels hangar at Atlanta Airport, destroying twenty aircraft
● 1930 - Coolidge Dam in Arizona dedicated
● 1930 - Terrible floods ransack Languedoc and the surrounds in south-west France, resulting in twelve departments being submerged by water and causing the death of over 700 people.
● 1931 - The British Viceroy of India, Governor-General Edward Frederick Lindley Wood and Mohandas Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) meet to sign an agreement envisaging the release of political prisoners and allowing that salt is freely used by the poorest layers of the population.
● 1933 - Bertha Wilson is appointed as first woman to sit on the Supreme Court of Canada.
● 1933 - FDR inaugrated as 32nd President, pledges to pull US out of Depression & says "We have nothing to fear but fear itself"
● 1933 - Frances Perkins becomes United States Secretary of Labor, first female member of the United States Cabinet.
● 1933 - The Parliament of Austria is suspended because of a quibble over procedure - Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss initiates authoritarian rule by decree.
● 1936 - First flight of airship Hindenburg, Germany.
● 1937 - UAW workers win sit-down strike victory in Flint, Michigan, forcing General Motors to recognize them. The 40-day action at Fisher Body Plant Number One had become the longest sit-down strike in history. Employees inside were protected by 5,000 armed workers circling the plant. After police tear-gassed attacks, workers fought back with firehoses. The gunfire wounded 13 workers, but the police were driven back. By the time the National Guard arrived, the strike had spread to GM plants across the nation.
● 1941 - 18 Geuzen resistance fighters sentenced to death in The Hague
● 1941 - Adolf Hitler applies pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact during visit by Serbian Prince Paul.
● 1941 - The United Kingdom launches Operation Claymore on the Lofoten Islands, during World War II.
● 1942 - Birth of Gloria Gaither, wife of songwriter Bill Gaither, and female vocalist in the Bill Gaither Trio. Gloria is also co-author of the contemporary Christian songs, "Because He Lives," "Something Beautiful" and "The King is Coming."
● 1943 - Transport number 50 departs with French Jews to Maidanek/Sobibor
● 1944 - First U.S. daylight bombing of Berlin and Anti-Germany strikes in northern Italy.
● 1944 - In Ossining, New York, Louis Buchalter, the leader of 1930s crime syndicate Murder, Inc., is executed at Sing Sing.
● 1945 - In the United Kingdom, Princess Elizabeth, later to become Queen Elizabeth II, joins the British Army as a driver.
● 1945 - Lapland War: Finland declares war on Nazi Germany.
● 1946 - C.G.E. Mannerheim resigns from the post of President of Finland.
● 1946 - Canada reported that it had uncovered a spy ring that had been organized by the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa. All four people accused admitted to being involved.
● 1946 - The United States, France and the United Kingdom launch a call with the Spaniards in favour of the inversion of the pro-Franco mode.
● 1947 - France and Britain signed an alliance treaty.
● 1948 - The first American civilian (Herbert Henry Hoover) flies at supersonic speeds in Bell X-1 in Muroc, California.
● 1949 - Andrei Vishinsky succeeds Molotov as Soviet Foreign minister
● 1949 - Security Council of United Nations recommends membership for Israel.
● 1952 - U.S. President Harry Truman dedicated the "Courier," the first seagoing radio broadcasting station.
● 1954 - JE Wilkins, appointed 1st Black US sub-cabinet member
● 1954 - Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, announces the first successful kidney transplant.
● 1954 - U.S. warns Latin America against international communism.
● 1955 - First radio facsimile transmission is sent across the continent of America.
● 1957 - The S&P 500 stock market index is introduced, replacing the S&P 90.
● 1959 - U.S. Pioneer 4 misses Moon and becomes the second (U.S. first) artificial planet.
● 1960 - French freighter 'La Coubre' explodes in Havana, Cuba killing 100. Fidel Castro blames the U.S. {Fidel also "Remember(s) the Maine"}
● 1960 - It is revealed, in connection with the current congressional investigation into payola, that FCC Chairman John Doerfer took a six-day trip to Florida courtesy of Storer Broadcasting.
● 1961 - Paul-Henri Spaak resigns as Secretary-General of NATO
● 1962 - United States Atomic Energy Commission announces that the first atomic power plant at McMurdo Station in Antarctica is in operation.
● 1963 - In Paris six people are sentenced to death for conspiring to assassinate President Charles de Gaulle.
● 1964 - Jimmy Hoffa, President of the Teamsters, is convicted by a Federal jury of tampering with a Federal jury.
● 1966 - Canadian Pacific Air Lines DC-8-43 explodes on landing at Tokyo International Airport, killing 64 people.
● 1966 - London's "Evening Standard" newspaper published an interview with Beatle John Lennon in which he remarked: 'Christianity will... vanish and shrink... We're more popular than Jesus Christ right now.' The quote touched off a storm of international protest, resulting in burnings and boycotts of the Beatles' records.
● 1967 - The first North Sea gas is pumped ashore at Easington, County Durham by BP (British Petroleum).
● 1968 - Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. announces he will lead a Poor People's March on Washington in April.
● 1968 - Orbiting Geophysical Observatory 5 launched
● 1969 - Kray twins guilty of McVitie murder; The Kray twins, Ronald and Reginald, face life sentences after being found guilty of murder at the Central Criminal Court.
● 1969 - S.S. Yukon, carrying 150,000 barrels of oil, hits a submerged object and spilled its cargo into Cook Inlet, Alaska.
● 1969 - Union of Concerned Scientists founded.
● 1970 - French submarine Eurydice explodes.
● 1970 - Puerto Rican student killed by police during a demonstration against the Vietnam War.
● 1971 - "City Command" kidnaps 4 US military men at Ankara, Turkey
● 1972 - A Libyan-Soviet accord is agreed for the development of Libyan oil reserves.
● 1972 - Last train run between Penrith to Keswick UK
● 1972 - Two killed, 136 injured by IRA bomb in restaurant, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
● 1974 - Harold Wilson becomes British Prime Minister following the resignation of his predecessor Edward Heath.
● 1974 - The Rio-Niterói Bridge connecting the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Niterói in Brazil is opened.
● 1975 - Comic genius Chaplin is knighted; Silent film legend Charlie Chaplin has become Sir Charles after a ceremony at Buckingham Palace.
● 1975 - The first television coverage of a Canadian parliamentary committee is broadcast.
● 1976 - The Maguire Seven are found guilty of the offence of possessing explosives and are subsequently jailed for 14 years. Their convictions are later quashed.
● 1976 - The Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention is formally dissolved in Northern Ireland resulting in direct rule of Northern Ireland from London via the British parliament.
● 1977 - First CRAY 1 supercomputer shipped, to Los Alamos Laboratories, New Mexico.
● 1977 - The 1977 Bucharest Earthquake in southern and eastern Europe kills more than 1,500.
● 1978 - Chicago Daily News, founded in 1875, publishes its last issue.
● 1978 - Forty thousand demonstrate against uranium enrichment plant, Almelo, Netherlands.
● 1979 - The first encyclical written by Pope John Paul II, Redemptor Hominis (Latin for "The Redeemer of Man") is promulgated less than five months after his installation as pope.
● 1979 - The Ugandan capital of Kampala is threatened by invading Tanzanian forces.
● 1979 - U.S. Voyager I photo reveals Jupiter's rings.
● 1980 - Nationalist leader Robert Mugabe wins a sweeping election victory to become Zimbabwe's first black prime minister.
● 1982 - NASA launches "Intelsat V".
● 1985 - STS 51-E vehicle rolls back to Vandenberg AFB; mission cancelled
● 1985 - The Food and Drug Administration approves a blood test for AIDS, used since then for screening all blood donations in the United States.
● 1985 - U.S. Supreme Court upholds right of Oneida nation of New York to sue for lands illegally taken in 1795.
● 1985 - Virtual ban on leaded gas ordered by EPA
● 1986 - Launch of the UK's Today tabloid newspaper (now defunct), pioneering the use of computer photosetting and full-colour offset printing at a time when British national newspapers are still using Linotype machines and letterpress.
● 1987 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan addresses the American nation on the Iran-Contra Affair, acknowledging his overtures to Iran had “deteriorated” into an arms-for-hostages deal.
● 1988 - Building of the Louvre Pyramid begins at the Napoleon court of the Louvre, in Paris, France.
● 1989 - Eastern Airlines machinists strike
● 1989 - Six people die and 80 are injured, some of them seriously, at the Purley Station rail crash in Surrey, England.
● 1990 - Space Shuttle program: STS-36 (Space Shuttle Atlantis) U.S. 65th manned space mission returns from space.
● 1991 - Bank of Credit and Commerce International divests itself of First American National Bank.
● 1991 - In Iraq, Saddam Hussein releases 6 U.S., 3 British and 1 Italian prisoners of war.
● 1991 - Most primitive form of World Wide Web is put online.
● 1991 - Sheik Saad Al-Abdallah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, the Prime Minister of Kuwait, returned to his country for the first time since Iraq's invasion. {All the government heads fled well ahead of Iraq's troops but those who stay and resist are branded the cowards and the fleers, heroes.}
● 1991 - The Soviet parliament in Moscow, Russia ratifies a six-nation treaty on German unification.
● 1993 - Authorities announced the arrest of Mohammad Salameh. He was later convicted for his role in the World Trade Center Bombing in New York City.
● 1994 - Bosnia's Croats and Moslems sign an agreement to form a federation in a loose economic union with Croatia.
● 1994 - Four terrorists are convicted for their roles in the World Trade Center bombing which killed six and injured more than a thousand. {This is four more than have been convicted of participation in the attacks on September 11, 2001.}
● 1994 - Space shuttle STS-62 (Columbia 16) launches into orbit.
● 1995 - Blind teenage boy receives a 'Bionic Eye' at a Washington Hospital
● 1996 - A train carrying propane and sodium hydroxide derails in Weyauwega, Wisconsin and catches fire. 2,200 homes near the accident site are evacuated for 16 days.
● 1996 - Comet Hyakutake was imaged by the USA Asteroid Orbiter NEAR, (Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous).
● 1997 - Brazil Senate allows women to wear slacks
● 1997 - Comet Hale-Bopp flies directly above the Sun (1.04 AU).
● 1997 - US President Bill Clinton bans federally funded human cloning research.
● 1997 - Zeya Start-1 launched (Russia)
● 1998 - Ford sued for compensation for using 10,000 slave laborers supplied by Hitler's regime.
● 1998 - Gay rights: Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that federal laws banning on-the-job sexual harassment also apply when both parties are the same sex.
● 1998 - Government, naval and university computers running Windows NT across the United States crash as a result of a hacker. The crash affects computers running at MIT, Northwestern University, the University of Minnesota, and the University of California campuses at Berkeley, Irvine, Los Angeles, and San Diego. Microsoft repaired the software that apparently allowed hackers to shut down computers in government and university offices nationwide.
● 1999 - In a military court, Captain Richard Ashby of the United States Marines is acquitted of the charge of reckless flying which resulted in the deaths of 20 skiers in the Italian Alps when his low-flying jet hit a gondola cable. {One might wonder why he wasn't tried in an Italian court!}
● 1999 - Monica Lewinsky's book about her affair with U.S. President Clinton went on sale in the U.S.
● 1999 - Retired Supreme Court Justice Harry A. Blackmun, who wrote the 1973 decision that legalized abortion, died in Arlington, Va., at age 90.
● 2001 - A massive car bomb explodes in front of the BBC Television Centre in London, seriously injuring 11 people. The attack was attributed to the Real IRA.
● 2001 - Hintze Ribeiro disaster, a bridge collapses in northern Portugal, killing up to 70 people.
● 2001 - Switzerland and the European Union: Swiss voters overwhelmingly reject a proposal for immediate membership talks with the European Union.
● 2002 - Canada bans human embryo cloning but permits government-funded scientists to use embryos left over from fertility treatment or abortions.
● 2002 - The moderate leader albanophone Ibrahim Rugova is elected President of Kosovo by the Parliament of the Serb province that had been under international control since 1999.
● 2002 - U.S. Attack on Afghanistan: Seven American Special Operations Forces soldiers are killed as they attempt to infiltrate the Shahi Kot Valley on a low-flying helicopter reconnaissance mission.
● 2003 - In the Indian-controlled portion of Kashmir, at least 9 people are killed and 52 are injured when a bus falls into a deep gorge.
● 2003 - In the southern Philippines, a bomb hidden in a backpack explodes and kills 21 people at an airport in Davao City.
● 2004 - The files of Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun are released to the public five years after his death.
● 2004 - The guilty verdict for Moroccan al-Qaeda suspect Mounir el Motassadeq's involvement in the September 11, 2001 attacks is overturned by the German appeals court, which orders a retrial.
● 2005 - Martha Stewart, imprisoned for five months for her role in a stock scandal, left federal prison to start five months of home confinement.
● 2005 - The car of released Italian hostage Giuliana Sgrena is fired on by US soldiers in Iraq, causing the death of an Italian Secret Service Agent and injuring two passengers including Sgrena herself.
● 2005 - United Nations warns that about 90 million Africans could be infected by the HIV virus in the future without further action against the spread of the disease. {This number is called into question because the standards for an AIDS diagnosis in Africa radically different than the rest of world, no screening for antibodies is performed and suffering from things like the flu will qualify one for an AIDS diagnosis.}
● 2006 - A new species of shark, Mustelus hacat, is discovered in Mexico's Sea of Cortez, bringing the number of Mustelus species found in the eastern North Pacific to 5.
● 2006 - Final contact attempt with Pioneer 10 by the Deep Space Network. No response was received.
● 2006 - Prince Sverre Magnus of Norway is christened by Bishop Ole Christian Kvarme at the chapel inside the Royal Palace, Oslo.
● 2006 - The central Papeete power station is damaged by a fire, resulting in limited power for some areas of Tahiti for a couple of weeks.
● 2007 - Estonian parliamentary election: Approximately 30,000 voters take advantage of electronic voting in Estonia, the world's first nationwide voting where part of the votecasting is allowed in the form of remote electronic voting via the Internet.
● 2007 - The first of two total lunar eclipses in 2007, observed during the early hours (penumbral eclipse ending 02:23:44 UT), was unique in that it was partly visible from every continent around the world.
BIRTHS
● 1188 - Blanche of Castile, wife of Louis VIII of France (d. 1252)
● 1394 - Henry the Navigator, Portuguese sponsor of voyages of exploration (d. 1460)
● 1492 - Francesco de Layolle, Italian composer (d. c.1540)
● 1525 - Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Italian composer of Renaissance music (d. 1594)
● 1610 - William Dobson, English portraitist and painter (d. 1646)
● 1651 - John Somers, 1st Baron Somers (d. 1716)
● 1665 - Philip Christoph von Königsmarck, Swedish soldier (d. 1694)
● 1678 - Antonio Vivaldi, Italian composer (d. 1741)
● 1702 - Jack Sheppard, English burglar and escapee (d. 1724)
● 1706 - Lauritz de Thurah, Danish architect and architectural writer (d. 1759)
● 1715 - James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave, British statesman (d. 1763)
● 1719 - George Pigot, Baron Pigot, British governor of Madras (d. 1777)
● 1745 - Charles Dibdin, English composer (d.1814)
● 1746 - Kazimierz Pułaski, American Revolutionary War general (d. 1779)
● 1756 - Sir Henry Raeburn, Scottish painter (d. 1823)
● 1781 - Rebecca Gratz, American educator and philanthropist (d. 1869)
● 1782 - Johann Rudolf Wyss, Swiss folklorist (d. 1830)
● 1792 - Samuel Slocum, American inventor (d. 1861)
● 1793 - Karl Lachmann, German philologist (d. 1851)
● 1817 - Edwards Pierrepont, American statesman, jurist and lawyer; 34th United States Attorney General (d. 1892)
● 1819 - Charles Oberthur, German-born harpist (d. 1895)
● 1822 - Jules Antoine Lissajous, French mathematician (d. 1880)
● 1826 - John Buford, American Civil War Union cavalry officer (d. 1863)
● 1826 - Theodore Judah, American railroad engineer (d. 1863)
● 1835 - John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist (d. 1911)
● 1847 - Karl Bayer, Austrian chemist (d. 1904)
● 1854 - Sir Napier Shaw, British meteorologist (d. 1945)
● 1856 - Alfred William Rich, English painter (d. 1921)
● 1856 - Toru Dutt, English and French poet and author (d. 1877)
● 1859 - Alexander Stepanovich Popov, Russian physicist (d. 1905)
● 1862 - Jacob Robert Emden, Swiss astrophysicist and meteorologist (d. 1940)
● 1863 - Guilląme Furrét, Portuguese playwright and political activist (d. 1937)
● 1863 - John Henry Wigmore, American jurist and expert in the law of evidence (d. 1943)
● 1863 - Reginald Innes Pocock, British zoologist (d. 1947)
● 1864 - David Watson Taylor, U.S. Navy architect (d. 1940)
● 1870 - Thomas Sturge Moore, English poet (d. 1944)
● 1871 - Boris Galerkin, Russian mathematician (d. 1945)
● 1873 - Guy Wetmore Carryl, American humorist and poet (d. 1904)
● 1873 - John H. Trumbull, 54th Governor of the U.S. state of Connecticut (d. 1961)
● 1875 - Enrique Larreta, Argentine novelist (d. 1961)
● 1875 - Mihály Károlyi, former Prime Minister of Hungary and President of Hungary (d. 1955)
● 1876 - Léon-Paul Fargue, French poet (d. 1947)
● 1876 - Theodore Hardeen, Magician and stunt performer, founder of the Magician's Guild (d. 1945)
● 1877 - Alexander Fyodorovich Gedike, Russian composer (d. 1957)
● 1877 - Fritz Graebner, German ethnologist (d. 1934)
● 1877 - Garrett Morgan, American inventor (d. 1963)
● 1878 - Arishima Takeo, Japanese novelist, short-story writer and essayist (d. 1923)
● 1878 - Egbert Van Alstyne, American songwriter and pianist (d. 1951)
● 1878 - Peter D. Ouspensky, Russian philosopher (d. 1947)
● 1879 - Josip Murn Aleksandrov, Slovenian poet (d. 1901)
● 1880 - Channing Pollock, American playwright and critic (d. 1946)
● 1881 - Maude Fealy, American actor (d. 1971)
● 1881 - Richard C. Tolman, American mathematical physicist (d. 1948)
● 1881 - Thomas Sigismund Stribling, American writer (d. 1965)
● 1881 - Todor Aleksandrov, 19th century Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1924)
● 1882 - Nicolae Titulescu, Romanian diplomat, government minister, and former President of the League of Nations (d. 1941)
● 1883 - Sam Langford, Canadian boxer (d. 1956)
● 1884 - Red Murray, American professional baseball player (d. 1958)
● 1886 - Paul Bazelaire, French cellist (d. 1958)
● 1887 - Violet MacMillan, American Broadway theatre actress (d. 1953)
● 1888 - Jeff Pfeffer, American professional baseball pitcher (d. 1972)
● 1888 - Knute Rockne, American football player and coach (d. 1931)
● 1889 - Oren E. Long, 10th Territorial Governor of Hawai'i (d. 1965)
● 1889 - Oscar Chisini, Italian mathematician (d. 1967)
● 1889 - Pearl Fay White, American actress (d. 1938)
● 1889 - Pearl White, American actress (d. 1938)
● 1891 - Dazzy Vance, American Major League Baseball pitcher (d. 1961)
● 1891 - Lois Wilson, founder of Al-Anon (d. 1988) {Wife of Bill Wilson co-founder of AA}
● 1895 - Bjarne Brustad, Norwegian violinist (d. 1978)
● 1895 - Milt Gross, American comic book illustrator (d. 1953)
● 1895 - Shemp Howard, American comedian (Three Stooges) (d. 1955)
● 1897 - Lefty O'Doul, American baseball player (d. 1969)
● 1898 - Georges Dumézil, French philologist (d. 1940)
● 1899 - Emilio Prados, Spanish poet and editor (d. 1962)
● 1900 - Herbert Biberman, American screenwriter (d. 1971)
● 1901 - Charles Goren, American bridge player and writer (d. 1991)
● 1901 - Jean Joseph Rabearivelo, Malagasy/French poet (d. 1937)
● 1903 - Dorothy Mackaill, British-born actress (d. 1990)
● 1903 - John Scarne, American magician (d. 1985)
● 1903 - Luis Carrero Blanco, Spanish statesman (d. 1973)
● 1903 - William C. Boyd, American immunochemist (d. 1983)
● 1904 - Chief Tahachee, American-born Old Settler Cherokee Indian stage and film actor (d. 1978)
● 1904 - George Gamow, Ukrainian-born physicist (d. 1968)
● 1904 - Joseph Schmidt Austrian-Hungarian tenor and actor (d. 1942)
● 1906 - Charles Rudolph Walgreen, Jr., American businessman (d. 2007)
● 1906 - Georges Ronsse, Belgian national cyclo-cross and world champion road bicycle racer (d. 1969)
● 1906 - Meindert DeJong American author (d. 1991)
● 1907 - Eleanor "Sis" Daley, wife of Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley (d. 2003)
● 1908 - T.R.M. Howard, American civil rights leader (d. 1976)
● 1909 - Harry Helmsley, American real estate entrepreneur (d. 1997)
● 1912 - Afro Basaldella, Italian painter (d. 1976)
● 1912 - Carl Marzani, American documentarian (d. 1994)
● 1912 - Judith Furse, British character actress (d. 1974)
● 1913 - John Garfield, American actor (d. 1952)
● 1913 - Taos Amrouche, Algerian writer and singer (d. 1976)
● 1913 - Willie Johnson, American guitarist (d. 1995)
● 1914 - Gino Colaussi (Luigi Colaussi), Italian footballer (d. 1991)
● 1914 - Robert R. Wilson, American physicist, sculptor and architect (d. 2000)
● 1914 - Ward Kimball, American cartoonist (d. 2002)
● 1915 - Carlos Surinach, Spanish composer (d. 1997)
● 1916 - Giorgio Bassani, Italian writer (d. 2000)
● 1916 - Hans Eysenck, German-born psychologist (d. 1997)
● 1916 - William Alland, American actor, producer, writer and director (d. 1997)
● 1917 - Clyde McCullough, American baseball player (d. 1982)
● 1918 - Margaret Osborne duPont, American tennis player
● 1919 - Buck Baker, American racecar driver (d. 2002)
● 1920 - Alan MacNaughtan, Scottish actor (d. 2002)
● 1920 - Jean Lecanuet, French politician (d. 1993)
● 1921 - Dinny Pails, Australian tennis player
● 1921 - Halim El-Dabh, Egyptian-born composer
● 1921 - Joan Greenwood, English actress (d. 1987)
● 1921 - Wilson Harris, Guyanese writer
● 1922 - Dina Pathak (Deena Pathak), Veteran Gujarati theatre and film actress (d. 2002)
● 1922 - Martha O'Driscoll, American film actress (d. 1998)
● 1922 - Richard E. Cunha, American cinematographer and film director (d. 2005)
● 1923 - Sir Patrick Moore, British astronomer
● 1924 - Kenneth O'Donnell, Aide to US President John F. Kennedy (d. 1977)
● 1925 - Paul Mauriat, French musician (d. 2006)
● 1926 - Don Rendell, English jazz musician and arranger
● 1926 - Fran Warren, American singer
● 1926 - James J. Eagan, Former Mayor of Florissant, Missouri (d. 2000)
● 1926 - Pascual Pérez, Argentine flyweight boxer (d. 1977)
● 1926 - Richard DeVos, American billionaire, co-founder of Amway
● 1927 - Cy Touff, American jazz musician (d. 2003)
● 1927 - Dick Savitt, American tennis player
● 1927 - Philip Batt, 29th Governor of the U.S. state of Idaho
● 1927 - Robert Orben, American magician
● 1927 - Thayer David, American actor (d. 1978)
● 1928 - Alan Sillitoe, English writer
● 1928 - Samuel Adler, American composer
● 1929 - Bernard Haitink, Dutch conductor
● 1929 - Josep Mestres Quadreny, Catalan composer
● 1931 - Alice Rivlin, American economist
● 1931 - Bob Johnson, American ice hockey coach (d. 1991)
● 1931 - Wally Bruner, American journalist and television host (d. 1997)
● 1931 - William Henry Keeler, American Roman Catholic Archbishop and Cardinal
● 1932 - Ed "Big Daddy" Roth, American car designer (d. 2001)
● 1932 - Frank Wells, American entertainment businessman (d. 1994)
● 1932 - Miriam Makeba, South African singer
● 1932 - Ryszard Kapuściński, Polish journalist (d. 2007)
● 1933 - Ann Burton, Dutch jazz singer (d. 1989)
● 1933 - John W Mills, British sculptor
● 1933 - Nino Vaccarella, former Italian sports car racing and Formula One driver
● 1934 - Anne Haney, American actress (d. 2001)
● 1934 - Barbara McNair, American singer and actress (d. 2007)
● 1934 - Gleb Yakunin, Russian priest and dissident
● 1934 - Janez Strnad, Slovenian physicist
● 1934 - John Duffey, American bluegrass musician (d. 1996)
● 1934 - Mario Davidovsky, Argentinian composer
● 1935 - Bent Larsen, Danish chess player
● 1935 - Nancy Whiskey, Scottish folk singer (d. 2003)
● 1936 - Aribert Reimann, German composer
● 1936 - Jim Clark, OBE, Scottish racing driver and two-time F1 world champion (d. 1968)
● 1937 - Barney Wilen, French jazz saxophonist (d. 1996)
● 1937 - Graham Dowling, New Zealand cricketer
● 1937 - Leslie Gelb, American foreign policy advisor
● 1937 - Yuri Senkevich, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2003)
● 1938 - Adam Daniel Rotfeld, Polish diplomat and researcher
● 1938 - Angus MacLise, American percussionist (d. 1979)
● 1938 - Don Perkins, American football player
● 1938 - Paula Prentiss, American actress
● 1939 - Carlos Vereza, Brazilian actor
● 1939 - Jack Fisher, American baseball player
● 1939 - Paula Prentiss, American actress
● 1940 - Volodymyr Morozov, Ukrainian flatwater canoer
● 1941 - Adrian Lyne, English film director
● 1941 - Bobby Shew, American jazz musician
● 1941 - John Aprea, American actor
● 1942 - Charles C. Krulak, 31st Commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps
● 1942 - David Matthews, American keyboardist, pianist, and arranger
● 1942 - Gloria Gaither, American gospel songwriter
● 1943 - Lucio Dalla, Italian singer and songwriter
● 1943 - Zoltan Jeney, Hungarian composer
● 1944 - Bobby Womack, American singer
● 1944 - Harvey Postlethwaite, English engineer and race car designer (d. 1999)
● 1944 - Ulrich Roski, German singer-songwriter (d. 2003)
● 1945 - Dieter Meier, Swiss singer
● 1945 - Gary Williams, American basketball coach
● 1945 - Tara Browne, British socialite (d. 1966)
● 1945 - Tommy Svensson, Swedish football manager
● 1946 - Haile Gerima, Ethiopian filmmaker
● 1946 - Harvey Goldsmith, British impresario
● 1946 - Michael Ashcroft, English entrepreneur
● 1947 - David Franzoni, American screenwriter
● 1947 - Gunnar Hansen, Icelandic actor
● 1947 - Gwen Welles, American actress (d. 1993)
● 1947 - Jan Garbarek, Norwegian musician
● 1948 - Chris Squire, English bassist (Yes)
● 1948 - James Ellroy, American writer
● 1948 - Jean O'Leary, American gay and lesbian rights activist and politician (d. 2005)
● 1948 - Leron Lee, American baseball player
● 1948 - Lindy Chamberlain, Australian author
● 1948 - Shakin' Stevens, Welsh singer
● 1948 - Tom Grieve, American baseball player
● 1949 - Carroll Baker, Canadian country singer and songwriter
● 1950 - Ofelia Medina, Mexican actress and screenwriter
● 1950 - Rick Perry, Governor of Texas
● 1951 - Chris Rea, English singer
● 1951 - Edelgard Bulmahn, German politician
● 1951 - Kenny Dalglish, Scottish footballer and manager
● 1951 - Linda Yamamoto, Japanese singer
● 1951 - Mike Quarry, American light heavyweight boxer (d. 2006)
● 1951 - Sam Perlozzo, American Major League Baseball manager (Baltimore Orioles)
● 1951 - Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, American novelist (d. 1982)
● 1952 - Ronn Moss, American actor (''The Bold and the Beautiful'')
● 1952 - Scott Hicks, Ugandan-born movie director
● 1952 - Umberto Tozzi, Italian singer
● 1953 - Chris Smith, American politician
● 1953 - Emilio Estefan, Cuban percussionist (Miami Sound Machine)
● 1953 - Kay Lenz, American actress
● 1953 - Paweł Janas, Polish football manager and former footballer
● 1953 - Scott Hicks, Ugandan-born film director
● 1954 - Adrian Zmed, American actor
● 1954 - Catherine O'Hara, Canadian actress
● 1954 - François Fillon, French politician, Prime Minister of France
● 1954 - Irina Ratushinskaya, Russian writer and dissident
● 1954 - Mark Chorvinsky, American author and editor (d. 2005)
● 1954 - Peter Jacobsen, American professional golfer
● 1954 - Willie Thorne, English snooker player
● 1955 - Dominique Pinon, French actor
● 1955 - James Weaver, English race car driver
● 1955 - Rowland Charles Gould (Boon Gould) English musician (Level 42)
● 1956 - Kermit Driscoll, American jazz bassist
● 1957 - Jim Dwyer, American journalist and Pulitzer Prize winner
● 1957 - Rick Mast, American NASCAR driver
● 1958 - Lennie Lee, British artist
● 1958 - Patricia Heaton, American actress (''Everybody Loves Raymond'')
● 1959 - Rick Ardon, Australian news presenter
● 1960 - Christina Sussiek, former German athlete
● 1960 - John Mugabi, Ugandan boxer
● 1960 - Mikko Kuustonen, Finnish singer and songwriter
● 1960 - Mykelti Williamson, American actor
● 1961 - Ray Mancini, American boxer
● 1961 - Roger Wessels, South African golfer
● 1961 - Sabine Everts, former German track athlete
● 1961 - Steven Weber, American actor ("Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip," "Wings")
● 1962 - David Sparrow, English actor
● 1962 - Greg Kragen, American footballer
● 1962 - Lolo Ferrari, French actress (d. 2000)
● 1962 - Simon Bisley, British comic book artist
● 1963 - Barbara Bubula, Polish politician
● 1963 - Daniel Roebuck, American actor
● 1963 - Janey Lee Grace, English singer, author, television presenter and radio disc jockey
● 1963 - Jason Newsted, American bassist (Metallica)
● 1964 - Tom Lampkin, American baseball player
● 1965 - Andrew Collins, English journalist, scriptwriter and broadcaster
● 1965 - Gary Helms, American country singer
● 1965 - Jonathan Shearer, Scottish castaway
● 1965 - Khaled Hosseini, Afghan author and physician
● 1965 - Paul W. S. Anderson, English filmmaker
● 1965 - Stacy Edwards, American actress (''Chicago Hope'')
● 1965 - WestBam (Maximillian Lenz), German rave techno DJ
● 1965 - Yuri Lonchakov, Russian cosmonaut
● 1966 - Daniela Amavia, Greek-American actress and international model
● 1966 - Dav Pilkey, American author
● 1966 - Emese Hunyady, Hungarian speed skater
● 1966 - Grand Puba, American rapper
● 1966 - Kevin Johnson, American basketball player
● 1966 - Patrick Hannan, Rock musician (The Sundays)
● 1966 - Sophia Ferrari, Italian actress
● 1966 - Steve Bastoni, Italian Australian actor
● 1966 - Wash West, English gay porn film director
● 1967 - Andrew Osmond, English writer
● 1967 - Daryll Cullinan, South African cricketer
● 1967 - Evan Dando, American musician (The Lemonheads)
● 1967 - Kubilay Türkyılmaz, former Turkish-Swiss footballer
● 1968 - Giovanni Carrara, Venezuelan baseball player
● 1968 - Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Greek politician
● 1968 - Patsy Kensit, English actress
● 1969 - Annie Shizuka Inoh, Taiwanese actress
● 1969 - Chastity Bono, American actress and gay rights activist
● 1969 - Jason Townsend, American artist and record producer
● 1969 - Patrick Roach, Canadian actor
● 1969 - Pierluigi Casiraghi, Italian football manager
● 1969 - Stina Nordenstam, Swedish experimental pop singer, songwriter and musician
● 1970 - Àlex Crivillé, Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle road racer
● 1970 - Andrea Bendewald, American actress
● 1971 - Fergal Lawler, Irish drummer (The Cranberries)
● 1971 - Iain Baird, Canadian soccer player
● 1971 - Jason Sellers, Country singer
● 1971 - Jovan Stanković, Serbian footballer
● 1971 - Satoshi Motoyama, Japanese racing driver
● 1971 - Shavar Ross, American actor-turned film director, writer, film producer and editor
● 1971(70? NYT) - Nick Stabile, American actor
● 1972 - Alison Wheeler, British singer (The Beautiful South)
● 1972 - Ivy Queen, American composer and singer
● 1972 - Jos Verstappen, Dutch Formula One driver
● 1972 - Pae Gil-Su, North Korean gymnast
● 1972 - Robert Smith, American footballer
● 1973 - Len Wiseman, American director
● 1973 - Phillip Daniels, American footballer
● 1973 - Summer Cummings, American actress
● 1974 - Ariel Ortega, Argentine footballer
● 1974 - Edward Hancock II, American author
● 1974 - ICS Vortex (Simen Hestnæs), Norwegian vocalist (Arcturus)
● 1974 - Karol Kučera, Slovak tennis player
● 1974 - Tommy Phelps, American baseball player
● 1975 - Antti Aalto, Finnish ice hockey player
● 1975 - Hawksley Workman, Canadian rock singer-songwriter
● 1975 - Kim Jung-Eun, South Korean actress
● 1975 - Kirsten Bolm, German hurdler
● 1975 - Myrna Veenstra, Dutch field hockey player
● 1975 - Patrick Femerling, German-born professional basketball player
● 1976 - Hiram Bocachica, Puerto Rican baseball player
● 1976 - Scott Sturgeon (Stza Crack), American musician (Choking Victim and Leftover Crack)
● 1976 - Sean Covel, American film producer
● 1976 - Thierry Renaer, Belgian field hockey player
● 1976 - Vic Wunderle, American archer
● 1977 - Ana Gabriela Guevara, Mexican athlete
● 1977 - Daniel Klewer, German footballer
● 1977 - Jason Marsalis, American musician
● 1977 - Juha Helppi, Finnish professional poker player
● 1977 - Sabrina Sabrok, Argentine-Mexican model, television actress and singer
● 1978 - Denis Dallan, Italian rugby union footballer
● 1978 - Nate Ackerman, British-American logician and wrestler
● 1978 - Pierre Dagenais, Canadian ice hockey player
● 1978 - Rachel Roberts, Canadian model and actress
● 1979 - Ben Fouhy, New Zealand flatwater canoeist
● 1979 - Geoff Huegill, Australian swimmer
● 1979 - John Lawler (John Fratelli), Scottish singer (The Fratellis)
● 1980 - Arash Markazi, American sportswriter
● 1980 - Jack Hannahan, American baseball player
● 1980 - Jung Da Bin, South Korean actress (d. 2007)
● 1980 - Omar Bravo, Mexican footballer
● 1981 - Carol Banawa, Filipina singer and celebrity
● 1981 - Donny Tourette, English punk rock singer (Towers of London)
● 1982 - Charity Rahmer, American actress
● 1982 - Landon Donovan, American soccer player
● 1982 - Mariano Altuna, Argentine racing driver
● 1983 - Matthew Krok, former Australian child actor
● 1983 - Max Vergara Poeti, Colombian writer
● 1984 - Ai Iwamura, Japanese actress
● 1984 - Zak Whitbread, American-born English soccer player
● 1985 - Chinedum Ndukwe, American football player
● 1986 - Bohdan Shust, Ukrainian footballer
● 1986 - Margo Harshman, American actress
● 1986 - Tom De Mul, Belgian footballer
● 1990 - Andrea Bowen, American actress (''Desperate Housewives'')
● 1991 - Diandra Newlin, American actress, singer, and fashion model
● 1992 - Jazmin Grace Grimaldi, daughter of Albert II, Prince of Monaco
● 1993 - Abigail Mavity, American actress
● 1993 - Alice Jones, British actress
● 1993 - Jenna Boyd, American actress
● 1993 - Yves Michel-Beneche, American actor
● 1998 - Prince Paul Louis of Nassau, son of Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg
DEATHS
● 251 - Pope Lucius I
● 480 - Saint Landry, bishop of Sées
● 561 - Pope Pelagius I
● 1172 - Stephen III of Hungary (b. 1147)
● 1193 - Saladin, Kurdish sultan (b. 1137)
● 1238 - Joan of England, Queen Consort of Scotland, wife of Alexander II (b. 1210)
● 1238 - Yuri II, Grand Prince of Vladimir (b. 1189)
● 1303 - Daniel of Moscow, Russian Saint, Grand Prince of Muscovy (b. 1261)
● 1484 - Saint Casimir, Prince of Poland (b. 1458)
● 1496 - Sigismund of Austria (b. 1427)
● 1583 - Bernard Gilpin, English clergyman, "Apostle of the North" (b. 1517)
● 1604 - Fausto Paolo Sozzini, Italian theologian (b. 1539)
● 1615 - Hans von Aachen, German painter (b. 1552)
● 1619 - Anne of Denmark, wife of James I (b. 1574)
● 1710 - Louis III, Prince of Condé (b. 1668)
● 1733 - Claude de Forbin, French naval commander (b. 1656)
● 1744 - John Anstis, Garter King of Arms (b. 1669)
● 1762 - Johannes Zick, German fresco painter (b. 1702)
● 1793 - Louis de Bourbon, French admiral (b. 1725)
● 1795 - John Collins, American politician (b. 1717)
● 1805 - Jean-Baptiste Greuze, French painter (b. 1725)
● 1807 - Abraham Baldwin, American politician (b. 1754)
● 1821 - Princess Elizabeth of Clarence, daughter of King William IV, granddaughter of King George III (b. 1820)
● 1832 - Jean-François Champollion, French scholar (b. 1790)
● 1851 - James Richardson, British explorer (b. 1809)
● 1852 - Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (b. 1809)
● 1853 - Christian Leopold von Buch, German geologist (b. 1774)
● 1858 - Matthew Perry, U.S. naval officer (b. 1794)
● 1864 - Thomas Starr King, influential Californian Unitarian minister during the American Civil War (b. 1824)
● 1866 - Alexander Campbell, Irish founder of the Disciples of Christ (b. 1788)
● 1868 - Jesse Chisholm, American pioneer of the Chisholm Trail (b. 1805)
● 1872 - Johannes Carsten Hauch, Danish poet (b. 1790)
● 1883 - Alexander Hamilton Stephens, former Vice President of the Confederate States of America (b. 1812)
● 1888 - Amos Bronson Alcott, American philosopher (b. 1799)
● 1903 - Joseph Henry Shorthouse, English novelist (b. 1834)
● 1906 - John McAllister Schofield, former U.S. Secretary of War and Commanding General of the U.S. Army (b. 1831)
● 1910 - Knut Ångström, Swedish physicist (b. 1857)
● 1915 - William Willett, Inventor of Daylight Saving Time (b. 1856)
● 1916 - Franz Marc, German artist (b. 1880)
● 1922 - Bert Williams, American entertainer (b. 1874)
● 1925 - James Ward, English psychologist and philosopher (b. 1843)
● 1925 - John Montgomery "Monte" Ward, American baseball player (b. 1860)
● 1925 - Moritz Moszkowski, Polish/German composer (b. 1854)
● 1927 - Ira Remsen American chemist (b. 1846)
● 1938 - George Foster Peabody, American politician (b. 1852)
● 1938 - Jack Taylor, American baseball player (b. 1874)
● 1940 - Hamlin Garland, American novelist (b. 1860)
● 1941 - Ludwig Quidde, German pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1858)
● 1944 - Emanuel Weiss, American hitman (b. 1906) (executed)
● 1944 - Fannie Barrier Williams, American educator and political activist (b. 1855)
● 1944 - Louis Buchalter, Jewish American mobster (b.1897) (executed)
● 1944 - Louis Capone, New York organized crime figure (b. 1896) (executed)
● 1945 - Lucille La Verne, American actress (d. 1972)
● 1945 - Mark Sandrich, American film director, writer and producer (b. 1900)
● 1946 - Bror von Blixen-Finecke, Danish big-game hunter (b. 1886)
● 1948 - Antonin Artaud, French actor/director (b. 1896)
● 1950 - Adam Rainer, the only man in recorded human history ever to have been both a dwarf and a giant (b. 1899)
● 1952 - Charles Scott Sherrington, English scientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1857)
● 1954 - Noel Gay, English composer, (b. 1898)
● 1959 - Maxey Long, American athlete (b. 1878)
● 1960 - Herbert O'Conor, 51st Governor of the US State of Maryland (b. 1896)
● 1960 - Leonard Warren, American baritone (b. 1911)
● 1962 - George Mogridge, Major League Baseball pitcher (b. 1889)
● 1963 - William Carlos Williams, American poet (b. 1883)
● 1967 - José Martínez Ruiz, Spanish poet and writer (b. 1873)
● 1967 - Michel Plancherel, Swiss mathematician (b. 1885)
● 1967 - Vladan Desnica, Croatian and Serbian writer (b. 1905)
● 1969 - Nicholas Schenck, Russian-born film empresario (b. 1881)
● 1973 - Samuel Tolansky, British scientist and expert on spectroscopy (b. 1907)
● 1974 - Adolph Gottlieb, American painter (b. 1903)
● 1976 - Walter H. Schottky, German physicist (b. 1886)
● 1977 - Andrés Caicedo, Colombian writer (b. 1951)
● 1977 - Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German politician and former Chancellor of Germany (b. 1887)
● 1977 - Toma Caragiu, Romanian actor (b. 1925)
● 1978 - Wesley Bolin, former Governor of the U.S. State of Arizona (b. 1909) {Bolin was a long time (over 30 years) Secretary of State for Arizona and a regular on the "rubber chicken" circuit (about 300 times a year), it is amazing on such a diet he lived as long as he did.}
● 1979 - Willi Unsoeld, American mountain climber (b. 1926)
● 1981 - Torin Thatcher, Indian actor (b. 1905)
● 1981 - Yip Harburg, American lyricist (b. 1896)
● 1984 - Ernest Buckler, Canadian novelist (b. 1908)
● 1984 - Geoffrey Lumsden, British actor (b. 1914)
● 1984 - Jewel Carmen, American actress (b. 1897)
● 1986 - Howard Greenfield, American songwriter (b. 1936)
● 1986 - Richard Manuel, Canadian musician (The Band) (b. 1943)
● 1989 - Tiny Grimes, American jazz and R&B guitarist (b. 1916)
● 1990 - Hank Gathers, American basketball player (b. 1967)
● 1992 - Art Babbitt, American animator (b. 1907)
● 1993 - Art Hodes, American jazz pianist (b. 1904)
● 1994 - John Candy, Canadian comedian (b. 1950)
● 1995 - Eden Ahbez, American composer (b. 1908)
● 1996 - Minnie Pearl, American comedian (b. 1912)
● 1997 - Carey Loftin, American actor/stuntman (b. 1914)
● 1997 - Robert H. Dicke, American physicist (b. 1916)
● 1999 - Del Close, American actor (b. 1934)
● 1999 - Harry Blackmun, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (b. 1908)
● 1999 - Karel van het Reve, Dutch writer (b. 1921)
● 2001 - Fred Lasswell, American cartoonist (b. 1916)
● 2001 - Glenn Hughes, American singer (The Village People) (b. 1950)
● 2001 - Harold Stassen, American politician (b. 1907) {Perennial Republican candidate for President at first serious, 1948/1952, later to be figure of ridicule.}
● 2001 - Jim Rhodes, Governor of Ohio (b. 1909)
● 2002 - Claire Davenport, English actress (b. 1933)
● 2002 - Elyne Mitchell, Australian author (b. 1913)
● 2002 - Eric Flynn, British actor/singer (b. 1939)
● 2002 - Velibor Vasović, Yugoslavian footballer (b. 1939)
● 2003 - Jaba Ioseliani, Georgian bank robber (b. 1926)
● 2003 - Sébastien Japrisot, French author, screenwriter and film director (b. 1931)
● 2004 - Claude Nougaro, French singer (b. 1929)
● 2004 - George Pake, American physicist (b. 1924)
● 2004 - John McGeoch, Scottish musician (b. 1955)
● 2004 - Stephen Sprouse, American fashion designer (b. 1953)
● 2005 - Carlos Sherman, Uruguayan-born writer (b. 1934)
● 2005 - Nicola Calipari, Italian secret service agent (b. 1953)
● 2005 - Robert Consoli, American actor and musician (b. 1964)
● 2005 - Una Hale, Australian soprano (b. 1922)
● 2005 - Yuriy Kravchenko, Ukrainian statesman (b. 1951)
● 2006 - Dave Rose, American artist (b. 1910)
● 2006 - Edgar Valter, Estonian illustrator/cartoonist (b. 1929)
● 2006 - John Reynolds Gardiner, American engineer (b. 1944)
● 2006 - Roman Ogaza, Polish footballer (b. 1952)
● 2007 - Bob Hattoy, American activist (b. 1950)
● 2007 - Ian Wooldridge, British sports journalist (b. 1932)
● 2007 - Natalie Bodanya (Natalie Bodanskaya), American soprano (b. 1908)
● 2007 - Richard Joseph, British games soundtrack composer (b. 1954)
● 2007 - Sunil Kumar Mahato, Indian parliamentarian (b. 1966)
● 2007 - Tadeusz Nalepa, Polish composer, guitar player, vocalist and lyricist (b. 1934)
● 2007 - Thomas Eagleton, American politician (b. 1929)
HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES
● Roman Catholic:
● St. Adrian of Nicomedia, bishop of St. Andrew's, and his Companions.
● St. Appian
● St. Basil and Companions
● St. Basinus
● St. Casimir of Poland, patron saint of Lithuania.
● St. Efrem
● St. Felix of Rhuys
● St. Humbert III of Savoy, Blessed
● St. Lucius I, pope, martyr.
● St. Owen
● St. Peter of Pappacarbone
● St. Pierre de Cluny
● St. Placide Viel
● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 21 (Civil Date: March 4)
● St. Timothy of Symbola in Bithynia.
● St. Eustathius (Eustace), Archbishop of Antioch.
● St. George, Bishop of Amastris on the Black Sea.
● Services combined with St. Eustathius
● St. John the Scholastic, Patriarch of Constantinople.
● St. Zachariah, Patriarch of Jerusalem.
● "Kozelshchanskaya" Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos.
● Repose of Blessed Simon Todorsky, Bishop of Pskov (1754), and Elder Macarius of Glinsk Hermitage (1864).
● Wales - Feast day of Rhiannon, Celtic Moon Goddess.
● Pennsylvania - Charter Day (1681).
● St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada - Charter Day (1881)
● Thailand - Magka Puja
● United States - Constitution Day (1789)
● United States - Inauguration Day (1789 - 1933)
● Admission Day to the United States
● Vermont - 14th state (1791)
IN FICTION
● 1881 - Holmes & Watson begin "A Study in Scarlet", 1st case together
THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.
This Previous Day in History Post With
This Original Wikipedia List form the core of this post.
Additional facts taken from:
Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.
Roman Catholic Saint of the Day
Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar
Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004
Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004 Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004
Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from 1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004
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