tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-347745152024-03-13T10:31:31.355-07:00This Day in HistoryThis Day in History is a service of A Proud Liberal. Being ever mindful that to avoid repeating past mistakes one must have full knowledge of the past.A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.comBlogger596125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-12357111433258656812008-03-23T12:00:00.003-07:002009-03-24T13:52:36.324-07:00New Blog by A Proud Liberal—Namnesia Antidote<span style="font-size:200%;">What is Namnesia Antidote?</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:120%;">When a fellow poster, anniefey, made a post at <a href="http://www.tvnewslies.org/phpbb/index.php" target="1">the TV News Lies Board</a> about these two syndromes I was struck by the pervasiveness of this type of thinking when it comes to the occupation of Iraq. The warmongers in the administration and Congress not only suffer from <b>Namnesia</b> but have gone out of their way to spread the infection. When George "War Criminal" Bush talks about not repeating the mistakes of Vietnam, he is stating our error was withdrawing prematurely and leaving <b><i>only</i></b> 58,168 known dead Americans. He is determined to "stay the course" indefinitely in Iraq, no matter the cost in human lives and resources. When anniefey made her post it was with two unhappy coincidences; the five-year anniversary of the Iraq invasion and the occasion of the 4,000th American causality. We had once again failed to learn from history and were doomed to repeating the same errors.<br /><br />Posts on this blog begin on March 23rd. In 2008, this was both Easter and the date of the aforementioned 4,000th causality. The names posted on this blog are from the Vietnam War Memorial Wall as extracted from a now defunct website. Any errors in the extraction are mine and I apologize in advance for them. While a laudable goal would be to have a posting for everyone whose name appears on The Wall, it is just not feasible for a one-man operation. What I will attempt here is to have posted for each day of the year two lists of these names; the first commemorating the date of death and the second celebrating the birth of those who gave their lives. I encourage anyone to post comments on these individuals, when such a comment is posted, I will attempt to create an individual post with more detailed information for that person. This will give family, friends and supporters the chance to collectively honor and remember these fallen service men. I will post these individual posts by birthdates.<br /><br />The information on this blog will also appear in my This Day in History blog daily posts. I hope this double posting will give some additional exposure to these men and women while aiding in combating <b>Namnesia</b>.</span><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-11525902971302002292008-03-06T00:01:00.002-07:002008-03-10T23:15:52.609-07:00March 6......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>March 6</strong> is the 65th day of the year (66th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 300 days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1978,. . . .,1989,1995,2000—MON—2006<br />1979,1984,1990,. . . .,2001—TUE—2007<br />. . . .,1985,1991,1996,2002—WED—. . . .<br />1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—THU—<strong>2008</strong><br />1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—FRI—2009<br />1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—SAT—2010<br />1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—SUN—2011<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />March 6 is the 32nd possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 118 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 19th/20th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />379, 390, 463, 474, 485, 558, 569, 580, 653, 664, 748, 827, 911, 922, 995, 1006, 1017, 1090, 1101, 1112, 1185, 1196, 1280, 1359, 1443, 1454, 1527, 1538, 1549, 1585, 1647, 1658, 1669, 1680, 1715, 1726, 1737, 1867, 1878, 1889, 1935, 1946, 1957<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2019, 2030, 2041, 2052, 2109, 2171, 2182, 2193, 2239, 2250, 2261, 2272, 2307, 2318, 2329, 2402, 2413, 2424, 2486, 2497, 2554, 2565, 2576, 2611, 2622, 2633, 2644, 2701, 2763, 2774, 2785, 2796, 2858, 2869, 2880, 2926, 2937, 2948, 3005, 3016, 3078, 3089, 3135, 3146, 3157, 3168, 3230, 3241, 3252, 3309, 3320, 3382, 3393, 3450, 3461, 3472, 3518, 3529, 3540, 3602, 3613, 3624, 3697, 3765, 3776, 3822, 3833, 3844, 3901, 3912, 3974, 3985, 3996, 4069, 4080<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Free Speech </strong>"Free speech is about as good a cause as the world has ever known."<strong> — Heywood Broun</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Compassionate Conservatism </strong>"One of the major accomplishments of the last Congress was the end to the Federal entitlement to welfare. And I recognize that there are many skeptics, many doomsayers who wail and lament and beat their chests and say that society, specifically those poor and needy in our communities, that they are doomed . . ."<strong> — Rep. Kenny Hulshof (R-MD), <i>Congressional Record</i>, H883, 3-11-97—Part 1 of 2</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"Jesus Alou is in the on-deck circus."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nVDmhLimI/AAAAAAAAFpA/Tr21tMfALw0/s1600-h/93-95-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nVD2hLinI/AAAAAAAAFpI/G2Ir0MlKdi0/s400/93-95-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150381911025879666" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 2% Age: 95% Rise: 5:58 AM Set: 5:22 PM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 2% Age: 95% Rise: 6:13 AM Set: 5:44 PM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 2% Age: 95% Rise: 5:58 AM Set: 5:09 PM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Mar 6, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 3% Age: 95% Rise: 5:36 AM Set: 4:42 PM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Vela Supernova Remnant<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080306.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R9O7mmK7U5I/AAAAAAAAGDM/2wDUXE2jEUg/s400/2008-03-06.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5175686668534633362" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Robert Gendler<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar.<br /><br />● 1205 - Aken, [Philips van Zwaben], crowned Roman-Catholic German King<br /><br />● 1447 - Nicholas V becomes Pope.<br /><br />● 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of the Prussian Confederation pledged allegiance to Casimir IV of Poland, and the Polish king agreed to help in their struggle for independence from the Teutonic Knights.<br /><br />● 1479 - Treaty of Alcaçovas - Portugal gives the Canary Islands to Castile in exchange for claims in West Africa.<br /><br />● 1521 - Ferdinand Magellan arrives at Guam.<br /><br />● 1579 - Veluwe joins Union of Utrecht<br /><br />● 1590 - Earl Mauritius conquerors Breda "turfschip of Breda"<br /><br />● 1628 - Emperor Ferdinand II delegates Restitutie-edict<br /><br />● 1629 - In Germany, the Edict of Restitution ordered that all church property secularized since 1552 be restored to the Roman Catholic Church.<br /><br />● 1646 - Joseph Jenkes, Massachusetts, receives 1st colonial machine patent<br /><br />● 1664 - King Louis XIV & Emperor of Brandenburg signs covenant<br /><br />● 1714 - Peace of Rastatt: French emperor Charles VI of Habsburg<br /><br />● 1728 - Spain & England sign (1st) Convention of Pardo<br /><br />● 1735 - English revivalist George Whitefield wrote in a letter: 'The renewal of our natures is a work of great importance. It is not to be done in a day. We have not only a new house to build up, but an old one to pull down.'<br /><br />● 1759 - English founder of Methodism John Wesley wrote in a letter: 'There is a wonderful mystery in the manner and circumstances of that mighty working, whereby God subdues all things to himself, and leaves nothing in the heart but his pure love alone.'<br /><br />● 1775 - 1st Negro Mason in US initiated, Boston<br /><br />● 1788 - The First Fleet arrives at Norfolk Island in order to found a convict settlement.<br /><br />● 1799 - Napoleon captures Jaffa Palestine<br /><br />● 1806 - Poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning was born in Durham, England.<br /><br />● 1810 - Illinois passes 1st state vaccination legislation in US<br /><br />● 1816 - Jews are expelled from Free city of Lubeck Germany<br /><br />● 1820 - The Missouri Compromise is signed into law by President James Monroe. The compromise allows Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, but makes the rest of the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase territory slavery-free.<br /><br />● 1831 - Edgar Allen Poe removed from West Point military academy<br /><br />● 1834 - York, Upper Canada is incorporated as Toronto with William Lyon Mackenzie as its 1st mayor.<br /><br />● 1836 - HMS Beagle/Darwin reaches King George's Sound, Australia<br /><br />● 1836 - Texas Revolution: Battle of the Alamo - After a 13-day siege by an army of 3,000 Mexican troops, the 189 Texas volunteers defending the Alamo are defeated and the fort taken. The other side of the coin -- Mexican troops defend their country's abolitionist constitution, defeat foreign slaveholders. San Antonio, Texas. Remember the Alamo.<br /><br />● 1854 - At the Washington Monument, several men stole the Pope's Stone from the lapidarium.<br /><br />● 1856 - The University of Maryland, College Park is chartered as the Maryland Agricultural College.<br /><br />● 1857 - Dred Scott decision by U.S. Supreme Court opens federal territory to slavery and denies citizenship to blacks, ruling that blacks are not entitled to protection under the law. The "unhappy Black Race," wrote Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney in his opinion, had never possessed "rights which the white man was bound to respect."<br /><br />● 1861 - Provisionary Confederate Congress establishes Confederate Army<br /><br />● 1862 - Battle of Pea Ridge AR (Elkhorn Tavern)<br /><br />● 1865 - Battle of Natural Bridge, Florida<br /><br />● 1865 - President Lincoln's 2nd Inaugural Ball<br /><br />● 1869 - Dmitri Mendeleev presents the first periodic table to the Russian Chemical Society.<br /><br />● 1870 - Birth of Eugene Humbert, French anarchist militant, Metz. Militant libertarian, pacifist, neo-Malthusian. Killed in prison during WWII Allied bombing, the day before his release.<br /><br />● 1882 - Monarch Milan Obrenovic of Serbia crowns himself king<br /><br />● 1884 - Susan B. Anthony and more than 100 other suffragists present President Chester Arthur with a demand that he support women's right to vote. They failed, but the two women's suffrage groups -- the National Woman Suffrage Association and the American Woman Suffrage Association -- soon merged and worked for the next 36 years toward passage of the 19th Amendment, in 1920.<br /><br />● 1885 - Ring Lardner, the American writer and satirist, was born.<br /><br />● 1886 - 1st US alternating current power plant starts, Great Barrington MA<br /><br />● 1899 - Bayer registers aspirin as a trademark.<br /><br />● 1900 - A coal mine explosion in West Virginia traps 50 coal miners.<br /><br />● 1901 - In Bremen an assassin attempts to kill Wilhelm II of Germany.<br /><br />● 1902 - Census Bureau forms<br /><br />● 1906 - Heavy storm bursts dike flooding Vlissingen, Netherlands<br /><br />● 1906 - Nora Blatch becomes 1st woman elected to American Society of Civil Engineers<br /><br />● 1907 - British creditors of the Dominican Republic claimed that the U.S. had failed to collect debts.<br /><br />● 1913 - Joe Hill's song "There is Power in a Union" first appears in the IWW's "Little Red Song Book."<br /><br />● 1915 - Greek King Constantine I fires premier Venizelos<br /><br />● 1918 - US naval collier "Cyclops" disappears in Bermuda Triangle<br /><br />● 1919 - Death of Julia H. Johnston, 70, American Presbyterian Sunday School leader. She penned about 500 hymns during her lifetime, one of which is still sung today: "Grace Greater Than Our Sin" (a.k.a. "Marvelous Grace of our Loving Lord").<br /><br />● 1921 - Kamenev and "Snowball" (Trotsky) issue ultimatum to rebelling soldiers and sailors in Kronstadt.<br /><br />● 1921 - Police in Sunbury PA issue an edict requiring Women to wear skirts at least 4 inches below the knee {As if they had the power to do so! Idiots!!}<br /><br />● 1921 - The Portuguese Communist Party is founded as the Portuguese Section of the Communist International.<br /><br />● 1924 - British Labour government cuts military budget<br /><br />● 1925 - Belgium annexes Eupen, Malmedy, and Sankt Vith.<br /><br />● 1925 - Pionerskaya Pravda, one of the oldest children's newspapers in Europe, is founded.<br /><br />● 1928 - A Communist attack on Peking, China resulted in 3,000 dead and 50,000 fled to Swatow.<br /><br />● 1929 - Turkey & Bulgaria sign friendship treaty<br /><br />● 1930 - A National Trade-Union Unity League council in Madison, Wis., marches around the Capitol Square. During the march, a crowd of Univ. of Wisconsin students attack council leader Lottie Blumenthal, throwing her to the ground, manhandling other demonstrators, and destroying banners and pamphlets. Police arrest five university athletes who led the attack. One of the arrested athletes says (quote) - "We are getting so damned many radical Jews here that something must be done."<br /><br />● 1930 - Brooklyn's Clarence Birdseye develops a method for quick freezing food<br /><br />● 1930 - Demonstrations by unemployed workers demanding unemployment insurance occur in virtually every major city in the country. Police attacked a crowd of 35,000 in New York City -- others estimated 100,000 attendees -- and 10,000 people engaged in a melee with police in Cleveland. Republican congressman Hamilton Fish, with the support of the American Federation of Labor (AFL), also introduces a measure in Congress to create a committee to investigate radical activities. This is the beginning of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC).<br /><br />● 1933 - Death of Amos R. Wells, 71, pioneer U.S. Christian educator. From 1901 until his death, he was editor of "Peloubet's Notes for the International Sunday School Lessons."<br /><br />● 1933 - Poland occupies free city Danzig (Gdansk)<br /><br />● 1933 - Pres. Roosevelt closes all U.S. banks. Alas, they reopened.<br /><br />● 1935 - Retired Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. died two days shy of his 94th birthday.<br /><br />● 1936 - Belgium ends Locarno-pact<br /><br />● 1939 - In Spain, Jose Miaja took over the Madrid government after a military coup and vowed to seek "peace with honor."<br /><br />● 1940 - 1st US telecast from an airplane, New York NY<br /><br />● 1940 - Winter War: An armistice is signed by Finland and the Soviet Union.<br /><br />● 1943 - Battle at Medenine, North-Africa; Rommels assault attack<br /><br />● 1943 - Sukarno asks for cooperation with Japanese occupiers<br /><br />● 1944 - USAF begins daylight bombing of Berlin<br /><br />● 1945 - 117 SD-prisoners executed at Savage Farm<br /><br />● 1945 - A communist-dominated government under Petru Groza assumes power in Romania.<br /><br />● 1945 - Assassination attempt on Höhere, SS Police führer Rauter<br /><br />● 1945 - Chinese 38th division occupies Lashio<br /><br />● 1945 - Erich Honnecker & Erich Hanke flee Nazis<br /><br />● 1946 - Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh signs an agreement with France which recognizes Vietnam as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the French Union.<br /><br />● 1947 - The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the contempt conviction of John L. Lewis.<br /><br />● 1947 - Winston Churchill announced that he opposed British troop withdrawals from India.<br /><br />● 1947 - XB-45, 1st US 4-engine jet bomber, makes 1st test flight, Muroc CA<br /><br />● 1948 - USS Newport News, the first air-conditioned naval ship, is launched from Newport News, Virginia.<br /><br />● 1951 - Belgium extends conscription to 24 months<br /><br />● 1951 - The trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg begins.<br /><br />● 1953 - Georgy Maksimilianovich Malenkov succeeds Josef Stalin as Premier and First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.<br /><br />● 1956 - West Germany amends constitution to permit military conscription.<br /><br />● 1957 - Israel withdraws its troops from the Sinai Peninsula.<br /><br />● 1957 - United Kingdom colonies Gold Coast and British Togoland become the independent Republic of Ghana.<br /><br />● 1959 - Farthest radio signal heard (Pioneer IV, 400,000 miles)<br /><br />● 1960 - President Sukarno disbands Indonesia's parliament<br /><br />● 1960 - Switzerland granted women the right to vote in municipal elections.<br /><br />● 1960 - The United States announced that it would send 3,500 troops to Vietnam. {All Repugs note, this was during the Eisenhower Administration.}<br /><br />● 1961 - 1st London minicabs introduced<br /><br />● 1961 - 'Ukulele king' Formby dies; One of Britain's most popular entertainers, George Formby, has died after suffering a heart attack.<br /><br />● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1962 - US promise Thailand assistance against communist aggression<br /><br />● 1964 - Constantine II becomes King of Greece succeeding Paul I.<br /><br />● 1964 - Prophet Elijah Muhammad officially gives Cassius Clay the name Muhammad Ali meaning "beloved of Allah". {Ali has since left the Black Moslem movement and follows a more traditional form of the religion.}<br /><br />● 1964 - Protest against Sheraton Palace Hotel's discrimination in hiring, San Francisco.<br /><br />● 1965 - 1st nonstop helicopter crossing of North America, JR Willford<br /><br />● 1965 - First American soldier "officially" sets foot on battlefield in Vietnam.<br /><br />● 1967 - Stalin's daughter Svetlana Allilujeva asks for political asylum in US<br /><br />● 1967 - U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson announced his plan to establish a draft lottery.<br /><br />● 1969 - Nine thousand march at University of Washington to protest Vietnam War.<br /><br />● 1970 - Cult leader and suspected murderer Charles Manson releases an album titled Lies: The Love & Terror Cult to help finance his defense.<br /><br />● 1970 - Police respond violently to a peaceful student protest at Roosevelt High in East Los Angeles, arresting 37 students; many other students are injured.<br /><br />● 1970 - Rabies ban on British pet imports; The British Government announces an indefinite ban on the importation of domestic pets.<br /><br />● 1970 - Three Weathermen blow themselves up in Greenwich Village (house of Cathy Wilkerson's father) - Diana Oughton, Cathlyn Wilkerson, Kathy Boudin.<br /><br />● 1971 - First annual meeting of Nebraskans for Peace.<br /><br />● 1971 - First national women's liberation demonstration held in Britain.<br /><br />● 1972 - Supreme Court rules that Squamish tribal courts do not have jurisdiction over crimes committed by non-Indians on reservations, a major blow to protection of inherent sovereignty.<br /><br />● 1972 - Wildcat strike at Lordstown, Ohio GM plant where workers were not expected to resist work discipline (according to company calculations). The company and the union got a big surprise.<br /><br />● 1973 - Former Equity Funding Corporation official accuses the company of perpetuating a $120 million swindle involving 60,000 fictitious life insurance policies.<br /><br />● 1973 - U.S. President Richard Nixon imposed price controls on oil and gas.<br /><br />● 1974 - Miners' strike comes to an end; UK coal workers bring an end to a 16 week dispute following a pay increase of over 30%.<br /><br />● 1975 - Algiers Accord: Iran and Iraq announce a settlement over their border dispute.<br /><br />● 1975 - Nonviolent march demanding the return of democracy, Delhi, India.<br /><br />● 1978 - Hustler publisher Larry Flynt shot & crippled by a sniper in Georgia<br /><br />● 1980 - French Academy, founded in 1635, elects it 1st woman novelist (Marguerita Youcenar)<br /><br />● 1980 - Islamic militants in Tehran said that they would turn over American hostages to the Revolutionary Council. {Eventually the Council would make a deal with candidate Reagan that would release the hostages after his inauguration. Only the first of his many impeachable offenses.}<br /><br />● 1981 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island<br /><br />● 1981 - Soyuz 39 returns to Earth<br /><br />● 1981 - U.S. President Reagan announced a plan to cut 37,000 federal jobs.<br /><br />● 1981 - Walter Cronkite appeared on his last episode of "CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite." He had been on the job 19 years.<br /><br />● 1982 - Libertarian cult hero Ayn Rand, 77, author of "The Fountainhead" and "Atlas Shrugged," dies in New York.<br /><br />● 1982 - U.N. University for Peace founded. San Jose, Costa Rica.<br /><br />● 1983 - A woman in New Bedford, Mass., reported being gang-raped atop a pool table in a tavern; four men were later convicted.<br /><br />● 1984 - One-year coal strike begins in England. In the end, Thatcher wins.<br /><br />● 1985 - Mexican authorities find body of US drug agent Enrique C Salaazar<br /><br />● 1986 - USSR's Vega 1 flies by Halley's Comet at 8,889 km<br /><br />● 1987 - 6.8 earthquake hits Ecuador, kills 100<br /><br />● 1987 - The British ferry M/S Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes in about 90 seconds after leaving the harbour of Zeebrugge, Belgium en route to Dover, England across the English Channel, killing 193.<br /><br />● 1988 - 3 IRA suspects were shot dead in Gibraltar by SAS officers<br /><br />● 1988 - Students at Gallaudet University go on strike in favor of the selection of a deaf university president. The protest is called Deaf President Now.<br /><br />● 1990 - In Afghanistan, an attempted coup to remove President Najibullah from office failed.<br /><br />● 1990 - SR-71 sets a transcontinental record, flying 2,404 miles in 1:08:17<br /><br />● 1990 - The Russian Parliament passed a law that sanctioned the ownership of private property.<br /><br />● 1991 - Following Iraq's capitulation in the Persian Gulf conflict, President Bush told Congress that "aggression is defeated; The war is over"<br /><br />● 1991 - In Paris, five men were jailed for plotting to smuggle Libyan arms to the Irish Republican Army.<br /><br />● 1992 - Founding of the Council of the Baltic Sea States.<br /><br />● 1992 - The Michelangelo computer virus begins to affect computers.<br /><br />● 1993 - Angolans die in battle for Huambo; Hundreds of people are reported to have died in clashes between the rebel Unita movement and Angolan government forces in the central town of Huambo.<br /><br />● 1994 - Referendum in Moldova results in the electorate voting against possible reunification with Romania.<br /><br />● 1996 - Hundreds demonstrate for an end to all violence, Palestine.<br /><br />● 1997 - Britain's Queen Elizabeth II launched the first official royal Web site.<br /><br />● 1997 - Picasso's painting Tête de Femme is stolen from a London gallery, and is recovered a week later.<br /><br />● 1998 - 1st time the British flag is flown over Buckingham Palace<br /><br />● 1998 - A Connecticut state lottery accountant gunned down three supervisors and the lottery chief before killing himself.<br /><br />● 2000 - Three white New York police officers were convicted of a cover-up in a police station attack on Haitian immigrant Abner Louima.<br /><br />● 2002 - Haida nation initiates lawsuit against British Columbia and federal Canadian governments, demanding aboriginal rights not only to their land, but the maritime resources throughout their native Queen Charlottte Islands.<br /><br />● 2006 - Gov. Mike Rounds signed legislation banning most abortions in South Dakota. (The ban was rejected by the state's voters in November).<br /><br />● 2007 - Former White House aide I. Lewis Libby, Jr. was found guilty on four of five counts of perjury and obstruction of justice trial. {The War Chimp would commute his prison sentence and Scooter would not spend a single day in jail.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1340 - John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (d. 1399)<br /><br />● 1405 - King John II of Castile (1406-54) (d. 1454)<br /><br />● 1459 - Jacob Fugger, German banker (d. 1525)<br /><br />● 1475 - Michelangelo, Italian artist (d. 1564)<br /><br />● 1483 - Francesco Guicciardini, Italian statesman and historian (d. 1540)<br /><br />● 1495 - Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet (d. 1556)<br /><br />● 1619 - Cyrano de Bergerac, French soldier, poet (d. 1655)<br /><br />● 1663 - Francis Atterbury, British man of letters (d. 1732)<br /><br />● 1706 - George Pocock, British admiral (d. 1792)<br /><br />● 1716 - Pehr Kalm, Swedish explorer and naturalist (d. 1779)<br /><br />● 1724 - Henry Laurens, American President of Continental Congress (1777-78) (d. 1792)<br /><br />● 1761 - Antoine-Francois Andreossy, French General (d. 1828)<br /><br />● 1779 - Antoine-Henri Jomini, French general (d. 1869)<br /><br />● 1787 - Joseph von Fraunhofer, German physicist (d. 1826)<br /><br />● 1806 - Elizabeth Barrett Browning, British poet (d. 1861)<br /><br />● 1812 - Aaron Lufkin Dennison American watch manufacturer (d. 1895)<br /><br />● 1817 - Princess Clémentine of Orléans (d. 1907)<br /><br />● 1818 - William Claflin, 27th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1905)<br /><br />● 1831 - Philip Sheridan, American Civil War Union cavalry officer (d. 1888)<br /><br />● 1834 - George du Maurier British illustrator and writer (d. 1896)<br /><br />● 1844 - Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer and editor (d. 1908)<br /><br />● 1870 - Oscar Straus, Viennese operetta composer (d. 1954)<br /><br />● 1882 - F. Burrall Hoffman, American architect (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1885 - Ring Lardner, American writer (d. 1933)<br /><br />● 1899 - Furry Lewis, American blues guitarist (d. 1981)<br /><br />● 1903 - Empress Kōjun of Japan (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1904 - José Antonio Aguirre, Basque politician (d. 1960)<br /><br />● 1904 - Joseph Schmidt, Austrian tenor (d. 1942)<br /><br />● 1905 - Bob Wills, American singer (d. 1975)<br /><br />● 1906 - Lou Costello, American actor comedian (d. 1959)<br /><br />● 1914 - Kiril Kondrashin, Russian conductor (d. 1981)<br /><br />● 1915 - Pete Gray, American baseball player (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1915 - Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin, Bohra spiritual leader<br /><br />● 1917 - Frankie Howerd, English comedian (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1917 - Will Eisner, American illustrator and cartoonist (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1919 - Maurice Grosse, British paranormal investigator (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1923 - Ed McMahon, American television personality (''The Tonight Show,'' ''Star Search'')<br /><br />● 1924 - William Webster, Former FBI and CIA director<br /><br />● 1925 - Wes Montgomery, American musician (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1926 - Alan Greenspan, American economist<br /><br />● 1926 - Andrzej Wajda, Polish film director<br /><br />● 1927 - Gabriel García Márquez, Colombian writer, Nobel Prize laureate<br /><br />● 1927 - Gordon Cooper, astronaut (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1927 - Norman Treigle, American bass-baritone (d. 1975)<br /><br />● 1930 - Lorin Maazel, French-born American conductor<br /><br />● 1931 - Hal Needham, American stuntman<br /><br />● 1933 - Ted Abernathy, American baseball player (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1934 - John Noakes, British television presenter<br /><br />● 1935 - Ron Delany, Irish athlete<br /><br />● 1936 - Bob Akin, American industrialist and race car driver (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1936 - Jean Boht, English actress<br /><br />● 1936 - Marion Barry Jr., American politician<br /><br />● 1937 - Doug Dillard, Country singer<br /><br />● 1937 - Ivan Boesky, American stock trader<br /><br />● 1937 - Valentina Tereshkova, cosmonaut<br /><br />● 1939 - Adam Osborne, British author and computer designer (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1939 - Christopher Bond, U.S. senator, R-MO<br /><br />● 1939 - Cookie Rojas, baseball player<br /><br />● 1939 - Infanta Margarita of Spain, duchess of Soria<br /><br />● 1940 - Joanna Miles, Actress<br /><br />● 1940 - Willie Stargell, baseball player (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1942 - Ben Murphy, American actor<br /><br />● 1944 - Kiri Te Kanawa, New Zealand singer<br /><br />● 1944 - Mary Wilson, American singer (Supremes)<br /><br />● 1945 - Hugh Grundy, Rock musician (The Zombies)<br /><br />● 1946 - David Gilmour, British musician (Pink Floyd)<br /><br />● 1947 - Dick Fosbury, American athlete<br /><br />● 1947 - Kiki Dee, British singer<br /><br />● 1947 - Martin Kove, American actor<br /><br />● 1947 - Rob Reiner, American actor, comedian, and film producer<br /><br />● 1947 - Teru Miyamoto, Japanese author<br /><br />● 1948 - Anna Maria Horsford, American actress<br /><br />● 1949 - Martin Buchan, Scottish footballer<br /><br />● 1949 - Shaukat Aziz, Prime Minister of Pakistan<br /><br />● 1951 - Gerrie Knetemann, Dutch cyclist (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1953 - Jacklyn Zeman, American actress<br /><br />● 1953 - Jan Kjærstad, Norwegian author<br /><br />● 1955 - Alberta Watson, Canadian actress<br /><br />● 1958 - Eddie Deezen, American actor<br /><br />● 1959 - Saul Anuzis, American politician<br /><br />● 1959 - Tom Arnold, American actor and comedian<br /><br />● 1962 - Valerie French, American animatronics art director<br /><br />● 1963 - D.L. Hughley, American comedian and actor<br /><br />● 1964 - Madonna Wayne Gacy, American musician<br /><br />● 1964 - Skip Ewing, Country songwriter<br /><br />● 1964 - Yvette Wilson, Actress<br /><br />● 1966 - Alan Davies, British comedian and actor<br /><br />● 1967 - Shuler Hensley, Actor<br /><br />● 1968 - Connie Britton, Actress ("Spin City," "24," "Friday Night Lights")<br /><br />● 1968 - Michael Romeo, American musician<br /><br />● 1968 - Moira Kelly, American actress<br /><br />● 1969 - Amy Pietz, Actress<br /><br />● 1969 - Andrea Elson, American actress<br /><br />● 1969 - Greg Scott, British TV personality<br /><br />● 1969 - Tari Phillips, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1970 - Shane Brolly, British actor<br /><br />● 1971 - Darrick Martin, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1971 - Sean Morley, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1972 - Shaquille O'Neal, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1972 - Terry Murphy, Northern Irish snooker player<br /><br />● 1973 - Michael Finley, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1973 - Trent Willmon, Country singer<br /><br />● 1974 - Beanie Sigel, Rapper<br /><br />● 1974 - Sebastian Siegel, British-American actor<br /><br />● 1974 - Shan Farmer, Country musician (Ricochet)<br /><br />● 1975 - Aracely Arambula, Mexican actress and singer<br /><br />● 1976 - Ken Anderson, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1977 - Bubba Sparxxx, Rapper<br /><br />● 1977 - Giorgos Karagounis, Greek footballer<br /><br />● 1977 - Marcus Thames, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1978 - Sage Rosenfels, American Football Player<br /><br />● 1979 - David Flair, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1979 - Erik Bedard, Canadian baseball player<br /><br />● 1979 - Ryan Nyquist, American BMX rider<br /><br />● 1979 - Tim Howard, American soccer player<br /><br />● 1980 - Ross Mawhinney, British-born Italian radio DJ<br /><br />● 1981 - Ellen Muth, American actress<br /><br />● 1983 - Andranik Teymourian, Iranian footballer<br /><br />● 1984 - Becky, Japanese-British entertainer<br /><br />● 1985 - Albert Reed, American model<br /><br />● 1986 - Eli Marienthal, American actor<br /><br />● 1986 - Jimmy Galeota, Actor<br /><br />● 1992 - Momoko Tsugunaga, Japanese singer<br /><br />● 1996 - Savanah Stehlin, American actress</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 766 - Chrodegang of Metz, Frankish bishop of Metz<br /><br />● 1252 - Saint Rose of Viterbo, Italian saint (b. 1235)<br /><br />● 1490 - Ivan the Young, Ruler of Tver (b. 1458)<br /><br />● 1531 - Pedrarias Dávila, Spanish conquistador<br /><br />● 1627 - Krzysztof Zbaraski, Polish statesman (b. 1580)<br /><br />● 1754 - Henry Pelham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1694)<br /><br />● 1758 - Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington, English politician (b. 1705)<br /><br />● 1764 - Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1690)<br /><br />● 1796 - Guillaume Thomas François Raynal, French writer (b. 1713)<br /><br />● 1836 - Davy Crockett, American frontiersman (b. 1786) {Killed defending the Alamo}<br /><br />● 1836 - James Butler Bonham, American lawyer from South Carolina and soldier (b. 1807) {Killed defending the Alamo}<br /><br />● 1836 - Jim Bowie, American pioneer and soldier (b. 1796) {Killed defending the Alamo}<br /><br />● 1836 - William Barret Travis, American lawyer from South Carolina and soldier (b. 1809) {Killed defending the Alamo}<br /><br />● 1842 - Constanze Mozart, wife of W.A. Mozart (b. 1763)<br /><br />● 1854 - Charles William Vane, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry, British soldier and politician (b. 1778)<br /><br />● 1860 - Justus Johann Friedrich Dotzauer, German cellist and composer (b. 1783)<br /><br />● 1866 - William Whewell, English scientist, philosopher, and historian of science (b. 1794)<br /><br />● 1881 - Horatia Nelson, the illegitimate daughter of Emma Hamilton and Horatio Nelson (b. 1801)<br /><br />● 1888 - Louisa May Alcott, American novelist (b. 1832)<br /><br />● 1895 - Camilla Collett, Norwegian writer and feminist (b. 1813)<br /><br />● 1899 - Victoria Kaiulani, Hawaiian princess (b. 1875)<br /><br />● 1900 - Gottlieb Daimler, German engineer and industrialist (b. 1834)<br /><br />● 1905 - John Henninger Reagan, American Confederate politician (b. 1818)<br /><br />● 1932 - John Philip Sousa, American band leader, conductor, and composer (b. 1854)<br /><br />● 1933 - Anton Cermak, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1873)<br /><br />● 1935 - Fridolf Rhudin Swedish actor and comedian (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1939 - Ferdinand von Lindemann, German mathematician (b. 1852)<br /><br />● 1941 - Gutzon Borglum, Danish sculptor (b. 1867)<br /><br />● 1948 - Ross Lockridge, Jr., American novelist (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1950 - Albert Lebrun, President of France (b. 1871)<br /><br />● 1951 - Ivor Novello, Welsh actor, musician, and composer (b. 1893)<br /><br />● 1951 - Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Ukrainian politician and statesman (b. 1880)<br /><br />● 1952 - Jürgen Stroop, Nazi SS-leader (executed) (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1961 - George Formby, British comedian and singer (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1964 - King Paul of Greece (b. 1901)<br /><br />● 1965 - Margaret Dumont, American actress (b. 1889)<br /><br />● 1967 - John Haden Badley, English author and educator (b. 1865)<br /><br />● 1967 - Nelson Eddy, American singer and actor (b. 1901)<br /><br />● 1967 - Zoltán Kodály, Hungarian composer (b. 1882)<br /><br />● 1969 - Nadya Rusheva, Russian painter (b. 1952)<br /><br />● 1970 - William Hopper, American actor (b. 1915)<br /><br />● 1971 - Thurston Dart, English harpsichordist and conductor (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 1973 - Pearl S. Buck, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)<br /><br />● 1976 - Max 'Slapsie Maxie' Rosenbloom, American boxer and actor (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 1981 - George Geary, English cricketer (b. 1893)<br /><br />● 1982 - Ayn Rand, Russian-American author (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1985 - Henry Wilcoxon, Dominican actor (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1986 - Georgia O'Keeffe, American artist (b. 1887)<br /><br />● 1993 - Douglas Marland, American writer (b. 1935)<br /><br />● 1994 - Melina Mercouri, Greek actress, political activist, and politician (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 1997 - Cheddi Jagan, President of Guyana (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 1997 - Michael Manley, Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1924)<br /><br />● 1998 - Frank Barrett, American baseball player (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 1999 - Dennis Viollet, former footballer (b. 1933)<br /><br />● 1999 - Isa ibn Salman Al Khalifah, emir of Bahrain (b. 1933)<br /><br />● 2000 - John Colicos, Canadian actor (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 2001 - Kim Walker, American actress (b. 1968)<br /><br />● 2002 - Bryan Fogarty, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1969)<br /><br />● 2003 - John Sanford, American author (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 2004 - Frances Dee, American actress (b. 1909)<br /><br />● 2004 - Ray Fernandez, American professional wrestler (b. 1957)<br /><br />● 2005 - Danny Gardella, American baseball player (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 2005 - Hans Bethe, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 2005 - Teresa Wright, American actress (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 2005 - Tommy Vance, British radio disc jockey (b. 1943)<br /><br />● 2006 - Dana Reeve, American actress, wife of Christopher Reeve (b. 1961)<br /><br />● 2006 - King Floyd, American musician (b. 1945)<br /><br />● 2006 - Kirby Puckett, American baseball player (b. 1960)<br /><br />● 2007 - Allen Coage (aka "Bad News Brown"), American professional wrestler and judoka (b. 1943)<br /><br />● 2007 - Ernest Gallo, American winemaker (b. 1909)<br /><br />● 2007 - Jean Baudrillard, French cultural theorist, philosopher, political commentator and photographer (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 2007 - Kevin Megeney, Canadian Solider (b. 1982)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Baldred<br />● St. Balther<br />● St. Basil<br />● St. Bilfrid<br />● St. Cadroe<br />● St. Chrodegang<br />● St. Colette aka St. Coleta of Ghent<br />● St. Conon<br />● St. Evagrius<br />● St. Fridolin<br />● Sts. Kyneburga, Kyneswide, & Tibba<br />● St. Marcian<br />● St. Olegarius<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 23 (Civil Date: March 6)<br />● Hieromartyr Polycarp, Bishop of Smyrna.<br />● Saints John, Antioch, Antoninus, Moses, Zebinas, Polychronius, Moses and Damian, ascetics of the Syrian deserts.<br />● St. Alexander, founder of the Order of the Unsleeping Ones.<br />● St. Gorgonia, sister of St. Gregory the Theologian.<br />● St. Damian of Esphigmenou Skete on Mt. Athos.<br />● St. Moses, monk of Byelozersk.<br />● St. Polycarp, monk of Briansk.<br />● New-Martyr Damian, monk of Mt. Athos, who suffered at Larissa.<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Martyr Clement.<br />● Martyr Thea.<br />● Repose of Abbot Nazarius of Valaam (1809).<br /><br />● Old Roman Catholic:<br />● Feast of Sts. Perpetua & Felicitas, martyrs (now 3/7)<br /><br />● Panamá : Jesus Nazarene of Atalaya<br /><br />● Ghana - Independence Day (from Britain, 1957)<br /><br />● Guam - Magellan Day/Discovery Day (1521)<br /><br />● Texas - Alamo Day<br /><br />● US - Stoneware Pottery Appreciation Day</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/03/march-6.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_6"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/announcement-about-geov-parrishs-this.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/march-6.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-85659576466515849662008-03-05T00:01:00.002-07:002008-03-10T23:13:24.389-07:00March 5......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>March 5</strong> is the 64th day of the year (65th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 301 days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1979,1984,1990,. . . .,2001—MON—2007<br />. . . .,1985,1991,1996,2002—TUE—. . . .<br />1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—WED—<strong>2008</strong><br />1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—THU—2009<br />1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—FRI—2010<br />1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—SAT—2011<br />. . . .,1989,1995,2000,2006—SUN—. . . .<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />March 5 is the 31st possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 128 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 13th/14th/15th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />363, 368, 447, 458, 531, 542, 553, 615, 626, 637, 648, 710, 721, 732, 805, 816, 895, 900, 979, 990, 1063, 1074, 1085, 1147, 1158, 1169, 1180, 1242, 1253, 1264, 1337, 1348, 1427, 1432, 1511, 1522, 1631, 1642, 1710, 1783, 1794, 1851, 1862, 1919, 1924, 1930, 2003<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2014, 2025, 2087, 2098, 2155, 2166, 2177, 2223, 2234, 2302, 2375, 2386, 2397, 2459, 2470, 2481, 2527, 2538, 2549, 2606, 2617, 2679, 2690, 2747, 2758, 2769, 2831, 2842, 2853, 2864, 2910, 2921, 2983, 2994, 3051, 3062, 3073, 3119, 3130, 3141, 3203, 3214, 3225, 3236, 3287, 3298, 3355, 3366, 3377, 3388, 3423, 3434, 3445, 3456, 3502, 3513, 3575, 3586, 3597, 3608, 3659, 3670, 3681, 3692, 3727, 3738, 3749, 3760, 3806, 3817, 3828, 3879, 3890, 3947, 3958, 3969, 3980, 4031, 4042, 4053, 4064<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Freedom </strong>"Freedom to differ is not limited to things that do not matter much. That would be a mere shadow of freedom. The test of its substance is the right to differ as to things that touch the heart of the existing order."<strong> — Robert Jackson</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Free Speech For Me (But Not For Thee) </strong>"I don't mind people trying to pick apart my policies, and that's fine and that's fair game but, you know, I don't think we're serving our nation well by allowing the discourse to become so uncivil that people say, use words the they shouldn't be using."<strong> — George W. "War Criminal" Bush in an interview with Brit Hume on Fox News, "Bush responds to Kennedy's criticism of Iraq policies," Associated Press, 9-22-03.</strong> {Tell me Georgie, would those words be things like "war monger" and "war criminal?" If the shoe fits, wear it.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"Thomas is racing for it, but McCovey is there and can't get his glove to it. That play shows the inexperience, not on Thomas's part, but on the part of Willie McC . . . well, not on McCovey's part, either."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nwRWhLisI/AAAAAAAAFpw/Ryzladzwze8/s1600-h/90-92-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nwRWhLitI/AAAAAAAAFp4/GGBfake0b28/s400/90-92-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150411829768063698" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 6% Age: 92% Rise: 5:30 AM Set: 4:12 PM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 7% Age: 92% Rise: 5:42 AM Set: 4:38 PM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 7% Age: 92% Rise: 5:33 AM Set: 3:57 PM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Mar 5, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 7% Age: 91% Rise: 5:11 AM Set: 3:30 PM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />The International Space Station Expands Again<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080305.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R9O6h2K7UyI/AAAAAAAAGCU/FXJKxe5x1Ng/s400/2008-03-05.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5175685487418626850" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: STS-122 Shuttle Crew, NASA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 254 – St. Lucius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope<br /><br />● 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a campaign which will bring about his own death.<br /><br />● 1046 - Naser Khosrow begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book Safarnama.<br /><br />● 1179 - The Third Lateran Council opened under Alexander III. It was attended by 300 bishops who enacted measures against the Waldenses and Albigensians. Lateran III also mandated that Popes were to be elected by two-thirds vote from the assembled cardinals.<br /><br />● 1461 - Henry VI was deposed by Duke of York during War of the Roses<br /><br />● 1496 - English King Henry VII grants to Henry Cabot the right to "subdue, occupy, and possess" any lands that he might find in the New World.<br /><br />● 1528 - Utrecht Governor Maarten van Rossum plunders The Hague<br /><br />● 1555 - French-born Swiss reformer John Calvin wrote in a letter to Philip Melanchthon: 'It behooves us to accomplish what God requires of us, even when we are in the greatest despair respecting the results.'<br /><br />● 1558 - Smoking tobacco introduced in Europe by Francisco Fernandes<br /><br />● 1579 - Betuwe joins Union of Utrecht<br /><br />● 1616 - Copernicus' "de Revolutionibus" placed on Catholic Forbidden index<br /><br />● 1623 - 1st American temperance law enacted, Virginia<br /><br />● 1624 - In the American colony of Virginia, the upper class was exempted from whipping by legislation.<br /><br />● 1651 - South Sea dike in Amsterdam breaks after storm<br /><br />● 1684 - Emperor Leopold I, Poland & Venice sign Heilig Covenant of Linz<br /><br />● 1689 - Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham is named Secretary of State for the Northern Department.<br /><br />● 1743 - In Boston, editor Thomas Prince published the first issue of his weekly, "The Christian History." It was the first religious journal published in America.<br /><br />● 1746 - Jakobijnse troops leave Aberdeen<br /><br />● 1766 - Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans.<br /><br />● 1770 - Boston Massacre. Tri-racial American revolutionist Crispus Attucks became America's first black hero (despite evidence he may not have been black at all, but rather, a Natick Indian) when he joined a mob attacking a British peacekeeping force and was shot (the first American killed in the revolution) during the ensuing melee. In all, five were killed and another six injured. {The British troops involved were later charged with murder. John Adams would serve as their lawyer during the trial.}<br /><br />● 1783 - King Stanislaus Augustus Poniatowski grants rights to Jews of Kovno<br /><br />● 1784 - Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney is named President of the Board of Trade.<br /><br />● 1793 - French troops are defeated by Austrian forces and Liège is recaptured.<br /><br />● 1795 - Amsterdam celebrates Revolution on the Dam; Square of Revolution<br /><br />● 1795 - Treaty of Basel-Prussia ends war with France<br /><br />● 1820 - Dutch city of Leeuwarden forbids Jews to go to synagogues on Sundays<br /><br />● 1821 - Monroe is 1st President inaugurated on March 5th, because 4th was Sun<br /><br />● 1824 - First Burmese War: The British officially declare war on Burma.<br /><br />● 1836 - Mexico attacks Alamo<br /><br />● 1836 - Samuel Colt makes the first production-model revolver (.34-caliber).<br /><br />● 1842 - Over 500 Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas, briefly occupy San Antonio and then head back to the Rio Grande.<br /><br />● 1845 - Congress appropriates $30,000 to ship camels to western US<br /><br />● 1848 - In Battle of Abiqua, whites attack Klamath tribe camp at Abiqua Creek near Salem, Oregon Territory; 13 men and women killed.<br /><br />● 1848 - Louis Antoine Garnier-Pages is named French minister of Finance.<br /><br />● 1849 - Zachary Taylor sworn in as 12th President<br /><br />● 1850 - Birth of Daniel B. Towner, American music evangelist. An associate of D.L. Moody, Towner composed over 2,000 hymn tunes, including AT CALVARY ("Years I Spent in Vanity and Pride"), MOODY ("Marvelous Grace of our Loving Lord") and TRUST AND OBEY ("When We Walk With the Lord").<br /><br />● 1850 - The Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait between the Isle of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales is opened.<br /><br />● 1856 - Georgia becomes 1st state to regulate railroads<br /><br />● 1860 - Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join Kingdom of Sardinia.<br /><br />● 1861 - The "Stars and Bars" is adopted as the flag of the Confederate States of America.<br /><br />● 1862 - Union troops under Brigadier-General Wright occupy Fernandina FL<br /><br />● 1867 - An abortive Fenian uprising against English rule took place in Ireland.<br /><br />● 1868 - A court of impeachment is organized in the United States Senate to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson.<br /><br />● 1868 - Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito premieres at La Scala.<br /><br />● 1868 - Stapler patented in England by C H Gould<br /><br />● 1871 - Birth of Rosa Luxemburg (1871-1919), Samosc, Poland. Jewish Polish leader in German socialist and anti-war movements. Founded, with Karl Liebinecht, the radical Spartacus League in 1916. After the Spartacist uprising in Berlin, they were arrested and murdered by German soldiers.<br /><br />● 1872 - George Westinghouse patents the air brake.<br /><br />● 1877 - Rutherford B. Hayes is publicly inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States (he was privately inaugurated on March 3).<br /><br />● 1879 - The first group of black so-called exodusters, en route to Kansas, arrives in St. Louis aboard the steamer Colorado. Eager to escape harsh sharecropper contracts, pass laws, imprisonment, and murder, thousands of African Americans are looking to Kansas as the promised land. Many pour onto the steamboats nearly destitute and knowing nothing about the state. Tennessee cabinetmaker "Pap" Singleton, who calls himself the Father of the Colored Exodus, prints handbills encouraging the migration. Later this year, Singleton Colony is established near what becomes Emporia, Kansas. A steamboat strike will slow the migration and, by 1881, the flood of "exodusters" is reduced to a trickle.<br /><br />● 1882 - Birth of Dora Marsden (1882-1960) lives. British individualist anarchist and militant suffragette.<br /><br />● 1886 - In Paris, the anarchist Charles Gallo throws a bottle of hydrocyanic acid into the Stock Exchange. The bottle does not explode, but spreads a bad smell which set off a panic. Gallo then draws randomly fired five shots with a revolver without hitting anyone.<br /><br />● 1890 - Birth of writer and anarchist revolutionary B. Traven (1890-1969), Chicago. Traven kept his identity secret for years; variously reported to have been born in 1882 and in Poland, his roots were revealed to the world only upon his death. Anarchist author, aka Ret Marut, Hal Croves, Bruno Traven, Traven Torsvan, Otto Feige. Spent a portion of his life hiding his tracks, changing identity, country, and jobs. A Stirnerite anarchist, he joined the Bavarian Soviet of 1919 with Gustav Landauer and other anarchists. Escaping adeath sentence in Munich, he disappeared and eventually wound up in Mexico, formally emigrating and renouncing his U.S. citizenship in 1951. Among his internationally best-selling novels, many set among the poor of southern Mexico, the best known is "The Treasure of Sierra Madre."<br /><br />● 1894 - Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery becomes First Lord of the Treasury.<br /><br />● 1894 - Seattle authorizes 1st municipal employment office in US<br /><br />● 1896 - Italian Governor of Eritrea, General Baldissera, reaches Massawa<br /><br />● 1896 - Italian premier Crispi resigns<br /><br />● 1897 - American Negro Academy forms<br /><br />● 1900 - Two U.S. battleships leave for Nicaragua to halt revolutionary disturbances.<br /><br />● 1901 - Germany and Britain began negotiations with hopes of creating an alliance.<br /><br />● 1902 - In France, the National Congress of Miners decided to call for a general strike for an 8-hour day.<br /><br />● 1904 - Nikola Tesla, in Electrical World and Engineer, describes the process of ball lightning formation.<br /><br />● 1905 - Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in three days.<br /><br />● 1907 - 1st radio broadcast of a musical composition aired<br /><br />● 1907 - The second Duma opens in St. Petersburg, Russia and 40,000 demonstrators have to be dispersed by Russian troops.<br /><br />● 1908 - 1st ascent of Mount Erebus, Antarctica<br /><br />● 1908 - Sir Rex Harrison, the Academy Award-winning English stage and film actor, was born.<br /><br />● 1910 - In Philadelphia, PA, 60,000 people left their jobs to show support for striking transit workers.<br /><br />● 1910 - The Moroccan envoy signed the 1909 agreement with France.<br /><br />● 1912 - Spanish steamer "Principe de Asturias" sinks northeast of Spain, 500 die<br /><br />● 1912 - The Italians became the first to use dirigibles for military purposes. They used them for reconnaissance flights behind Turkish lines west of Tripoli.<br /><br />● 1915 - World War I: LZ 33, a zeppelin, is damaged by enemy fire and stranded south of Ostend.<br /><br />● 1917 - First edition of "Pravda" printed.<br /><br />● 1917 - Wobblies (Industrial Workers of the World, aka IWW) go on trial, Everett, Washington.<br /><br />● 1917 - Woodrow Wilson is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.<br /><br />● 1918 - Bolshevist Russia moves the national capital from Petrograd to Moscow.<br /><br />● 1923 - Montana & Nevada become 1st states to enact old age pension laws<br /><br />● 1924 - Computing-Tabulating-Recording Corp becomes IBM<br /><br />● 1924 - King Hussein of Hedzjaz appoints himself kalief<br /><br />● 1924 - Shefqet Verlaci becomes Prime Minister of Albania.<br /><br />● 1927 - U.S. Marines land in China "to protect U.S. property" during a civil war there.<br /><br />● 1931 - Daniel Salamanca Urey is named President of Bolivia.<br /><br />● 1931 - Gandhi & British viceroy Lord Irwin sign pact<br /><br />● 1933 - Germany's Nazi Party wins majority in parliament (43.9%-17.2M votes)<br /><br />● 1933 - Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions for a period of ten days.<br /><br />● 1934 - Mother-in-law's day 1st celebrated (Amarillo TX)<br /><br />● 1935 - 1st premature baby health law in US (Chicago)<br /><br />● 1936 - First flight of the Supermarine Spitfire fighter airplane Type 300.<br /><br />● 1937 - U.S. officially apologizes to Nazi Germany for New York Mayor LaGuardia's reference to Adolf Hitler as a "brown-shirted fanatic." {Somebody should have given the mayor a medal for straight talk and clear thinking.}<br /><br />● 1940 - Members of Soviet politburo sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POWs, known also as the Katyn massacre.<br /><br />● 1942 - Bosnia Tito establishes 3rd Proletarit Brigade in Bosnia<br /><br />● 1942 - Japanese troop march into Batavia<br /><br />● 1943 - Anti fascist strikes in Italy<br /><br />● 1943 - First flight of Gloster Meteor jet aircraft in the United Kingdom.<br /><br />● 1943 - Germany called fifteen and sixteen year olds for military service due to war losses.<br /><br />● 1943 - RAF bombs Essen Germany<br /><br />● 1944 - Italian anarchist Pasquale Binazzi, 71, dies, Spezia.<br /><br />● 1945 - Allies bombs The Hague, Netherlands<br /><br />● 1945 - Generals Eisenhower, Patton & Patch meet in Luneville<br /><br />● 1945 - US 7th Army Corps captures Cologne<br /><br />● 1945 - World War II: "Battle of the Ruhr" begins.<br /><br />● 1946 - Hungarian Communists and Social Democrats co-found the Left Bloc.<br /><br />● 1946 - Winston Churchill uses the phrase "Iron Curtain" in his speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri.<br /><br />● 1948 - US rocket flies record 4800 KPH to 126k height<br /><br />● 1949 - The Jharkhand Party is founded in India.<br /><br />● 1951 - The religious program "Circuit Rider" debuted over ABC television. The broadcast featured music selections and biographies of evangelists, and was produced by Franklin W. Dyson.<br /><br />● 1953 - Stalin dies of stroke, Moscow, USSR. Also known as the lovable/huggable "Napoleon" in George Orwell's "Animal Farm." He had been in power for 29 years.<br /><br />● 1956 - US court victory for black students; The United States Supreme Court upholds a ban on racial segregation in state schools, colleges and universities.<br /><br />● 1957 - British Gold Coast becomes Ghana, first independent nation of sub-Saharan Africa.<br /><br />● 1957 - Eamon de Valera's Fianna Fail-party wins election in Ireland<br /><br />● 1958 - Explorer 2 spacecraft launches, fails to reach Earth orbit.<br /><br />● 1958 - Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is established.<br /><br />● 1958 - U.S. B-47 jettisons atomic bomb off Georgia coast after mid-air collision.<br /><br />● 1959 - Iran & US sign economic & military treaty<br /><br />● 1960 - Aquatic Ape Hypothesis originates when Alister Hardy publicly announces his idea that ape-human divergence may have been due to a coastal phase.<br /><br />● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1963 - Country music singer Patsy Cline died in a plane crash near Camden, Tenn., at age 30.<br /><br />● 1964 - Ceylon declares emergency crisis due to unrest.<br /><br />● 1966 - 75 MPH air currents cause BOAC 707 crash above Mount Fuji, 124 die<br /><br />● 1966 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1968 - U.S. launches Solar Explorer B, aka Explorer 37 from Wallops Island to study the Sun.<br /><br />● 1969 - Gustav Heinemann elected President of West-Germany<br /><br />● 1970 - 3 SDS Weathermen terrorist group bomb 18 West 11th St in New York NY<br /><br />● 1970 - A nuclear non-proliferation treaty goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations. Thank Almighty we have George W. "War Criminal" to show us the error of our ways.<br /><br />● 1970 - Dubnium atoms are first detected conclusively.<br /><br />● 1973 - Donald DeFreeze, future Symbionese Liberation Army leader, escapes from Vacaville Prison.<br /><br />● 1973 - Mid-air collision kills 68; Sixty-eight passengers and crew die when two Spanish aircraft collide in mid-air over France.<br /><br />● 1974 - Yom Kippur War: Israeli forces withdraw from the west bank of the Suez Canal.<br /><br />● 1976 - British pound falls below $2 U.S. for the first time.<br /><br />● 1977 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter appeared on CBS News with Walter Cronkite for the first "Dial-a-President" radio talk show.<br /><br />● 1978 - China adopts new constitution stressing economic development over revolutionary ideology. Retains extensive sections guaranteeing due process and freedom. (Try not to giggle.)<br /><br />● 1978 - Landsat 3 is launched from Vandenberg AFB in California.<br /><br />● 1979 - Earth satellites record gamma rays from remnants of supernova N-49 from the Large Magellanic Cloud, leading to the discovery of soft gamma repeaters.<br /><br />● 1979 - Voyager 1's closest approach to Jupiter, 172,000 miles.<br /><br />● 1981 - US government grants Atlanta $1 million to search for black boy murderer<br /><br />● 1982 - Comedian John Belushi was found dead of a drug overdose at age 33.<br /><br />● 1982 - Venera 14, a Soviet satellite arrives at the planet Venus.<br /><br />● 1983 - Bob Hawke (Labour) defeats Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser (Conservative)<br /><br />● 1984 - Standard Oil of California (now Unocal) buys Gulf Oil.<br /><br />● 1984 - Supreme Court (5-4); city may use public money for Nativity scene<br /><br />● 1984 - US accuse Iraq of using poison gas {We should know, we sold it to them.}<br /><br />● 1988 - Constitution of Turks and Caicos Islands is restored and revised.<br /><br />● 1988 - Simultaneous demonstrations against nuclear "mafia," Essen, Gorleben, Frankfurt, and Regensburg, West Germany.<br /><br />● 1991 - Iraq released all Gulf War prisoners and repealed its annexation of Kuwait<br /><br />● 1992 - Ethics committee votes to reveal congressmen who bounced checks<br /><br />● 1993 - Fokker 100 crashes at Skopje Macedonia, 81 die<br /><br />● 1993 - Johnson gets life ban from athletics; Disgraced Olympic sprinter Ben Johnson is banned from athletics for life after failing a drugs test for a second time.<br /><br />● 1994 - Ukraine, voluntarily agreeing to give up nuclear weapons, begins transfer of its nuclear stockpile to Russia.<br /><br />● 1995 - Estonia Centrumlinkse Coalition party wins parliamentary election<br /><br />● 1995 - Graves of czar Nicholas & family found in St Petersburg<br /><br />● 1995 - The Free Internet Chess Server was brought online and remains operational today.<br /><br />● 1997 - Representatives of North Korea and South Korea met for first time in 25 years, for peace talks in New York.<br /><br />● 1998 - It was announced that Air Force Lt. Col. Eileen Collins would lead crew of Columbia on a mission to launch a large X-ray telescope. She was the first woman to command a space shuttle mission.<br /><br />● 1998 - NASA announces that the Clementine probe orbiting the Moon has found enough water to support a human colony and rocket fueling station.<br /><br />● 1999 - Paul Okalik is elected first Premier of Nunavut.<br /><br />● 2001 - In Mecca, 35 Muslim pilgrims are crushed to death during the annual Hajj pilgrimage.<br /><br />● 2001 - Santana High School shooting: A student shoots at other students at Santana High School in Santee, California, killing two and wounding thirteen.<br /><br />● 2001 - Vice President Dick Cheney underwent an angioplasty for a partially blocked artery after going to a hospital with chest pains.<br /><br />● 2003 - In Haifa, 17 Israeli civilians are killed by a Hamas suicide bomb in the Haifa bus 37 massacre.<br /><br />● 2003 - Natalie Maines of the Dixie Chicks provokes controversy in the U.S. by stating that the band was "ashamed the president of the United States is from Texas."<br /><br />● 2004 - Martha Stewart was found guilty of lying about the reason for selling 3,298 shares of ImClone Systems stock, conspiracy, making false statement and obstruction of justice.<br /><br />● 2004 - The Ottawa Senators and Philadelphia Flyers set a record for most penalty minutes in one game with 419.<br /><br />● 2005 - The Burkinabé Party for Democracy and Socialism holds its 1st National Convention<br /><br />● 2006 - AT&T Inc. announced it was buying BellSouth Corp., a big step toward resurrecting the old Ma Bell telephone system.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1133 - King Henry II of England (d. 1189)<br /><br />● 1324 - King David II of Scotland (d. 1371)<br /><br />● 1512 - Gerardus Mercator, Flemish cartographer (d. 1594)<br /><br />● 1563 - John Coke, English politician (d. 1644)<br /><br />● 1575 - William Oughtred, English mathematician (d. 1660)<br /><br />● 1585 - John George I, Elector of Saxony (d. 1656)<br /><br />● 1637 - Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter of cityscapes (d. 1712)<br /><br />● 1658 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French explorer (d. 1730)<br /><br />● 1693 - Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian (d. 1754)<br /><br />● 1696 - Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1770)<br /><br />● 1703 (N.S.) - Vasily Kirillovich Trediakovsky, Russian poet (d. 1768)<br /><br />● 1723 - Princess Mary of Great Britain (d. 1773)<br /><br />● 1739 - Benjamin Ruggles Woodbridge, doctor, Massachusetts militia officer, member of the Massachusetts legislature (d. 1819)<br /><br />● 1748 - Jonas C. Dryander, Swedish botanist (d. 1810)<br /><br />● 1748 - William Shield, English musician (d. 1829)<br /><br />● 1750 - Jean-Baptiste Gaspard d'Ansse de Villoison, French classical scholar (d. 1805)<br /><br />● 1794 - Jacques Babinet, French physicist (d. 1872)<br /><br />● 1794 - Robert Cooper Grier, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1870)<br /><br />● 1814 - Wilhelm von Giesebrecht, German historian (d. 1889)<br /><br />● 1815 - John Wentworth, American politician (d. 1888)<br /><br />● 1817 - Austen Henry Layard, English archaeologist (d. 1894)<br /><br />● 1836 - Charles Goodnight, American cattle rancher (d. 1929)<br /><br />● 1852 - Lady Augusta Gregory, Irish writer and playwright (d. 1932)<br /><br />● 1853 - Howard Pyle, American author and illustrator (d. 1911)<br /><br />● 1867 - Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Premier of Quebec (d. 1952)<br /><br />● 1869 - Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal and archbishop (d. 1952)<br /><br />● 1870 - Frank Norris, American writer (d. 1902)<br /><br />● 1871 - Rosa Luxemburg, Socialist revolutionary (d. 1919)<br /><br />● 1873 - Olav Bjaaland, Norwegian explorer and cross-country skier (d. 1961)<br /><br />● 1874 - Arthur Schendel, Dutch novelist and short-story writer (d. 1946)<br /><br />● 1874 - Henry Travers, British actor (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1876 - Edouard Belin, French engineer and inventor (d. 1963)<br /><br />● 1879 - Sir William Beveridge, British economist (d. 1963)<br /><br />● 1883 - Marius Barbeau, French Canadian ethnographer and folklorist (b. 1969)<br /><br />● 1886 - Dong Biwu, High-ranking member of the Communist Party of China (d. 1975)<br /><br />● 1887 - Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian composer (d. 1959)<br /><br />● 1897 - Set Persson, Swedish communist politician (d. 1960)<br /><br />● 1898 - Soong May-ling, Chinese wife of Chiang Kai-Shek (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1898 - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1904 - Karl Rahner, German theologian (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1908 - Irving Fiske, American writer, playwright, (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1908 - Sir Rex Harrison, English actor (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1910 - Józef Marcinkiewicz, Polish mathematician (d. 1940)<br /><br />● 1914 - Philip Farkas, American horn player and teacher (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1915 - Laurent Schwartz, French mathematician (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1918 - James Tobin, American economist, Nobel laureate (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1918 - Milt Schmidt, Canadian ice hockey player, coach and manager<br /><br />● 1918 - Red Storey, Canadian football player and ice hockey referee (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1920 - José Aboulker, Algerian anti-Nazi resistance fighter<br /><br />● 1920 - Virginia Christine, American actress (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1921 - Elmer Valo, American baseball player (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1922 - James Noble, American actor<br /><br />● 1922 - Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian writer and film director (d. 1975)<br /><br />● 1923 - David Nathan, Welsh journalist (d. 1966)<br /><br />● 1923 - Laurence Tisch, American investor<br /><br />● 1927 - Jack Cassidy, American actor (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1929 - Erik Carlsson, Swedish rally driver<br /><br />● 1930 - Del Crandall, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1931 - Barry Tuckwell, Australian horn virtuoso<br /><br />● 1931 - Fred Othon Aristidès, French comics artist<br /><br />● 1934 - Daniel Kahneman, Israeli economist, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1934 - James B. Sikking, American actor<br /><br />● 1936 - Canaan Banana, first President of Zimbabwe (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1936 - Dean Stockwell, American actor<br /><br />● 1937 - Olusẹgun Ọbasanjọ, President of Nigeria<br /><br />● 1938 - Fred Williamson, American football player and actor<br /><br />● 1938 - Paul Evans, American singer and songwriter<br /><br />● 1939 - Peter Woodcock, Canadian serial killer<br /><br />● 1939 - Pierre Wynants, Belgian chef<br /><br />● 1939 - Samantha Eggar, English actress<br /><br />● 1940 - Malcolm Hebden, English actor<br /><br />● 1942 - Felipe González, Prime Minister of Spain<br /><br />● 1942 - Mike Resnick, American science fiction author<br /><br />● 1943 - Billy Backus, American boxer<br /><br />● 1944 - Lucio Battisti, Italian singer (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1944 - Roy Gutman, American journalist, Pulitzer Prize winner<br /><br />● 1945 - Paschal English, American Survivor contestant<br /><br />● 1946 - Michael Warren, Actor<br /><br />● 1947 - Clodagh Rodgers, Irish singer<br /><br />● 1947 - Eddie Hodges, American actor and singer<br /><br />● 1947 - Kent Tekulve, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1948 - Eddy Grant, Guyana-born singer<br /><br />● 1948 - Elaine Paige, English singer and actress<br /><br />● 1948 - Paquirri, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1948 - Richard Hickox, English musical conductor<br /><br />● 1949 - Franz Josef Jung, Commander-in-chief of the German Bundeswehr<br /><br />● 1951 - Giorgos Ninios, Greek actor<br /><br />● 1952 - Alan Clark, English keyboardist (Dire Straits)<br /><br />● 1954 - Marsha Warfield, American actress, comedienne<br /><br />● 1955 - Penn Jillette, American magician and comedian<br /><br />● 1956 - Adriana Barraza, Actress ("Babel")<br /><br />● 1956 - Teena Marie, American singer<br /><br />● 1957 - Mark E. Smith, English singer (The Fall)<br /><br />● 1958 - Andy Gibb, English-born Australian singer and teen idol (d. 1988)<br /><br />● 1959 - David Fury, American television writer and producer<br /><br />● 1959 - Vazgen Sargsyan, Armenian politician (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1960 - David Tibet, English musician (Current 93)<br /><br />● 1962 - Charlie and Craig Reid, Scottish musicians (The Proclaimers)<br /><br />● 1962 - Jonathan Penner, American reality show contestant<br /><br />● 1966 - Aasif Mandvi, Indian-born American actor and comedian<br /><br />● 1966 - Bob Halkidis, Canadian hockey player<br /><br />● 1966 - Michael Irvin, American football player<br /><br />● 1969 - MC Solaar, French rapper<br /><br />● 1970 - John Frusciante, American musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)<br /><br />● 1970 - Lisa Robin Kelly, American actress<br /><br />● 1970 - Rome, R&B singer<br /><br />● 1971 - Evil Jared Hasselhoff, American musician (Bloodhound Gang)<br /><br />● 1971 - Jeffrey Hammonds, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1971 - Yuri Lowenthal, American actor/author/painter<br /><br />● 1972 - Luca Turilli, Italian musician (Rhapsody)<br /><br />● 1973 - Ryan Franklin, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1973 - Yannis Anastasiou, Greek footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Eva Mendes, American actress<br /><br />● 1974 - Jens Jeremies, German footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Kevin Connolly, American television actor and comedian<br /><br />● 1974 - Matt Lucas, English comedian<br /><br />● 1975 - Jolene Blalock, American actress (''Enterprise'' and "Shark")<br /><br />● 1975 - Luciano Burti, Brazilian racing driver<br /><br />● 1975 - Niki Taylor, American model<br /><br />● 1975 - Sasho Petrovski, Australian soccer player<br /><br />● 1976 - Katerina Matziou, Greek actress<br /><br />● 1976 - Paul Konerko, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1976 - Šarūnas Jasikevičius, Lithuanian basketball player<br /><br />● 1977 - Bryan Berard, American ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1977 - Mike MacDougal, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1977 - Wally Szczerbiak, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1978 - Mike Hessman, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1979 - Tang Gonghong, Chinese weightlifter<br /><br />● 1981 - Andreas Wiig, Norwegian snowboarder<br /><br />● 1981 - Paul Martin, American ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1981 - Shugo Oshinari, Japanese actor<br /><br />● 1982 - Daniel Carter, New Zealand rugby player<br /><br />● 1982 - Giorgia Palmas, Italian television personality and model<br /><br />● 1985 - Ken'ichi Matsuyama, Japanese actor<br /><br />● 1986 - Matty Fryatt, English footballer<br /><br />● 1988 - Bjarni Viðarsson, Icelandic footballer<br /><br />● 1988 - Trevor Carson, Northern Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1989 - Jake Lloyd, American actor (''Star Wars'' films)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1534 - Antonio da Correggio, Italian painter (b. 1489)<br /><br />● 1539 - Nuno da Cunha, Portuguese governor in India (b. 1487)<br /><br />● 1592 - Michael Coxcie, Flemish painter (b. 1499)<br /><br />● 1611 - Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese warlord and samurai (b. 1533)<br /><br />● 1622 - Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma (b. 1569)<br /><br />● 1695 - Henry Wharton, English writer (b. 1664)<br /><br />● 1726 - Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull, English politician<br /><br />● 1776 - Yeongjo of Joseon, ruler of Korea (b. 1694)<br /><br />● 1778 - Thomas Augustine Arne, English composer (b. 1710)<br /><br />● 1815 - Franz Mesmer, Austrian developer of hypnotism (b. 1734)<br /><br />● 1827 - Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist (b. 1745)<br /><br />● 1827 - Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician (b. 1749)<br /><br />● 1829 - John Adams, last surviving HMS Bounty mutineer (b. 1766)<br /><br />● 1849 - David Scott, Scottish painter (b. 1806)<br /><br />● 1876 - Marie d'Agoult, German-born writer (b. 1805)<br /><br />● 1893 - Hippolyte Taine, French historian (b. 1828<br /><br />● 1895 - Henry Rawlinson, British soldier and scholar (b. 1810)<br /><br />● 1895 - Nikolai Leskov, Russian writer (b. 1831)<br /><br />● 1903 - George Francis Robert Henderson, British soldier (b. 1854)<br /><br />● 1907 - Friedrich Blass, German classical scholar (b. 1843)<br /><br />● 1925 - Johan Jensen, Danish mathematician (b. 1859)<br /><br />● 1926 - Clément Ader, French aviation pioneer (b. 1841)<br /><br />● 1927 - Franz Mertens, German mathematician (b. 1840)<br /><br />● 1931 - Fr. Arthur Tooth SSC, Anglican Clergyman prosecuted and imprisoned for ritualist activities (b. 1839)<br /><br />● 1940 - Cai Yuanpei, Chinese educator (b. 1868)<br /><br />● 1944 - Max Jacob, French poet and writer (b. 1876)<br /><br />● 1945 - Lena Baker, American murderer (b. 1901)<br /><br />● 1947 - Alfredo Casella, Italian composer (b. 1883)<br /><br />● 1953 - Herman J. Mankiewicz, American screenwriter (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1953 - Joseph Stalin, Georgian leader of the Soviet Union (b. 1879)<br /><br />● 1953 - Sergei Prokofiev, Russian composer, (b. 1891)<br /><br />● 1955 - Antanas Merkys, President of Lithuania (b. 1888)<br /><br />● 1963 - Cowboy Copas, American singer (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 1963 - Hawkshaw Hawkins, American singer (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 1963 - Patsy Cline, American singer (b. 1932)<br /><br />● 1965 - Chen Cheng, Chinese politician (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1965 - Pepper Martin, American baseball player (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1966 - Anna Akhmatova, Russian poet (b. 1889)<br /><br />● 1967 - Georges Vanier, Governor General of Canada (b. 1888)<br /><br />● 1974 - Billy De Wolfe, American actor (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1974 - Sol Hurok, Russian-born impresario (b. 1888)<br /><br />● 1977 - Jansen Van Vuuren, Dutch volunteer safety marshall at the 1977 South African Grand Prix<br /><br />● 1977 - Tom Pryce, British Formula One driver (1977 South African Grand Prix)<br /><br />● 1980 - Jay Silverheels, Canadian actor (b. 1912) {Tonto of "What do you mean 'WE,' white man fame.}<br /><br />● 1980 - Winifred Wagner, German opera producer (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1981 - Yip Harburg, American lyricist (b. 1896)<br /><br />● 1982 - John Belushi, American actor (b. 1949)<br /><br />● 1984 - Tito Gobbi, Italian baritone (b. 1915)<br /><br />● 1984 - William Powell, American actor (b. 1892)<br /><br />● 1988 - Alberto Olmedo, Argentine comedian (b. 1933)<br /><br />● 1990 - Gary Merrill, American film actor (b. 1915)<br /><br />● 1993 - Cyril Collard, French author and filmmaker (b. 1957)<br /><br />● 1995 - Gregg Hansford, Australian motorcycle and touring car racer (b. 1952)<br /><br />● 1995 - Vivian Stanshall, English musician (Bonzo Dog Band) (b. 1943)<br /><br />● 1996 - Whit Bissell, American actor (b. 1909)<br /><br />● 1997 - Samm Sinclair Baker, American diet author (b. 1909)<br /><br />● 1999 - Richard Kiley, American actor (b. 1922)<br /><br />● 2000 - Lolo Ferrari, French actress (b. 1962)<br /><br />● 2004 - Walt Gorney, American actor (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 2006 - Richard Kuklinski, American Mafia hit man (b. 1935)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Adrian (died 308)<br />● St. Caron<br />● St. Carthach<br />● St. Ciarán Saighir, patron of the Diocese of Ossory<br />● St. Colman of Armagh<br />● St. Eusebius of Cremona<br />● St. Gerarda<br />● St. Gerasimus<br />● St. John-Joseph of the Cross<br />● St. Kieran<br />● St. Olivia (died 308)<br />● Sts. Phocas and Antioch<br />● St. Piran's Day - Cornwall's national day.<br />● St. Theophile (died 195)<br />● St. Virgilius of Arles<br />● Bl. Dionysius Fugishima<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 22 (Civil Date: March 5)<br />● Opening of the Relics of Holy Martyrs at the gate of Eugenius at Constantinople.<br />● Martyrs Maurice and his son Photinus, and Martyrs Theodore, Philip, and 70 soldiers, at Apamea in Syria.<br />● Saints Thalassius, Limnaeus, and Baradates, hermits of Syria.<br />● St. Athanasius the confessor of Constantinople.<br />● St. Telesphorus, pope of Rome.<br />● St. Peter the Stylite of Mt. Athos.<br />● New-Martyr Theoktista Michailovna, fool-for-Christ of Voronezh (1936).<br />● New-Martyr priest Michael Lisicin (1918).<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Martyr Anthusa and her 12 servants.<br />● St. Blaise, Bishop<br />● Repose of "Golden Grits" (Gregory) (1855)<br />● Repose of Schema-nun Avramia of Kashin (1855).<br /><br />● Boston MA - Boston Massacre Day (1770)<br /><br />● China - Learn from Lei Feng Day</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/03/march-5.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_5"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/announcement-about-geov-parrishs-this.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/march-5.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-4694321688354933032008-03-04T00:01:00.004-07:002008-03-10T23:10:12.573-07:00March 4......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>March 4</strong> is the 63rd day of the year (64th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 302 days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br />From 1793 - 1933, March 4 was Inauguration Day for the President of the United States. Beginning in 1937, Inauguration Day has been January 20.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />. . . .,1985,1991,1996,2002—MON—. . . .<br />1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—TUE—<strong>2008</strong><br />1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—WED—2009<br />1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—THU—2010<br />1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—FRI—2011<br />. . . .,1989,1995,2000,2006—SAT—. . . .<br />1984,1990,. . . .,2001,2007—SUN—2012<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />March 4 is the 30th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 136 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 3rd/4th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />330, 341, 352, 425, 431, 436, 515, 520, 526, 599, 610, 621, 683, 694, 705, 716, 767, 778, 789, 800, 862, 873, 884, 957, 963, 968, 1047, 1052, 1058, 1131, 1142, 1153, 1215, 1226, 1237, 1248, 1299, 1310, 1321, 1332, 1394, 1405, 1416, 1489, 1495, 1500, 1579, 1609, 1615, 1620, 1699, 1767, 1772, 1778, 1829, 1835, 1840, 1908, 1981, 1987, 1992<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2071, 2076, 2082, 2133, 2139, 2144, 2201, 2207, 2212, 2291, 2296, 2359, 2364, 2370, 2443, 2448, 2454, 2511, 2516, 2522, 2595, 2663, 2668, 2674, 2725, 2731, 2736, 2815, 2820, 2826, 2899, 2967, 2978, 2989, 3035, 3040, 3046, 3103, 3108, 3114, 3187, 3192, 3198, 3209, 3271, 3282, 3293, 3339, 3344, 3350, 3361, 3407, 3412, 3418, 3491, 3559, 3570, 3581, 3643, 3654, 3665, 3711, 3722, 3733, 3795, 3863, 3874, 3885, 3931, 3936, 3942, 4015, 4026, 4037, 4099<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Foreign Policy </strong>"Shared risks, shared burdens, shared benefits—it's not only a good motto for NATO, it's also a good prescription for America's role in the world."<strong> — Wesley Clark</strong> {This man, a former general in the US Army, is living proof that all US military are right wing wackos is a lie.}<br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Do As I Say, Not As I Do </strong>"Kurt Cobain died of a drug-induced suicide, I just—he was a worthless shred of human debris."<strong> — Rush "Drug-Addled Gas Bag" Limbaugh, 4-8-94. lumberjackonliune.com.</strong><br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"A day without newspapers is like walking around without your pants on."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nwRGhLiqI/AAAAAAAAFpg/4nwnOJ_zpxE/s1600-h/87-89-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nwRGhLirI/AAAAAAAAFpo/_Vdh9qvD3hA/s400/87-89-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150411825473096370" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 12% Age: 89% Rise: 4:58 AM Set: 3:04 PM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 13% Age: 88% Rise: 5:07 AM Set: 3:33 PM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 13% Age: 88% Rise: 5:04 AM Set: 2:45 PM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Mar 4, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 13% Age: 88% Rise: 4:42 AM Set: 2:17 PM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />NGC 6334: The Cat's Paw Nebula<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080304.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R9O57WK7UvI/AAAAAAAAGB8/gZGtBtuMD-I/s400/2008-03-04.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5175684825993663218" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: T. A. Rector (U. Alaska), T. Abbott, NOAO, AURA, NSF<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title princeps iuventutis (head of the youth).<br /><br />● 303 or 304 - Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.<br /><br />● 852 - Croatian Duke Trpimir I issued a statute, a document with the first known written mention of the Croats name in Croatian sources.<br /><br />● 932 - Translation of the relics of martyr Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia, Prince of the Czechs.<br /><br />● 1152 - Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of the Germans.<br /><br />● 1215 - King John of England makes an oath to the Pope as a crusader to gain the support of Innocent III.<br /><br />● 1238 - The Battle of the Sit River was fought in the northern part of the present-day Yaroslavl Oblast of Russia between the Mongol Hordes of Batu Khan and the Russians under Yuri II of Vladimir-Suzdal during the Mongol invasion of Russia.<br /><br />● 1275 - Chinese astronomers observe a total eclipse of the sun.<br /><br />● 1351 - Ramathibodi becomes King of Siam.<br /><br />● 1386 - Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila) was crowned King of Poland.<br /><br />● 1461 - Wars of the Roses in England: Lancastrian King Henry VI is deposed by his Yorkist cousin, who then becomes King Edward IV.<br /><br />● 1492 - King James IV of Scotland concludes an alliance with France against England.<br /><br />● 1493 - Explorer Christopher Columbus arrives back in Lisbon, Portugal aboard his ship Niña from his discovery voyage to America. He returned to Spain on March 15.<br /><br />● 1519 - Hernan Cortes arrives in Mexico in search of the Aztec civilization and their wealth.<br /><br />● 1570 - King Philip II of Spain bans foreign Dutch students.<br /><br />● 1590 - Mauritius of Nassau's ship reaches Breda<br /><br />● 1611 - George Abbot is appointed Archbishop of Canterbury.<br /><br />● 1621 - Jakarta, Java is renamed Batavia.<br /><br />● 1629 - Massachusetts Bay Colony, which had the role of colonizing the Americas, is granted a Royal charter.<br /><br />● 1634 - Samuel Cole opens the first tavern in Boston, Massachusetts.<br /><br />● 1665 - English King Charles II declares war on The Netherlands which marked the start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War.<br /><br />● 1675 - John Flamsteed appointed first Astronomer Royal of England.<br /><br />● 1681 - Charles II of England grants a land charter to William Penn for the area that will later become Pennsylvania.<br /><br />● 1699 - Jews are expelled from Lubeck Germany<br /><br />● 1712 - Jane Wenham ("A witch and a bitch") tried for talking to her cat and for flying. The last witchcraft trial in England.<br /><br />● 1738 - Moravian missionary Peter Bohler, 26, advised future English founder of Methodism John Wesley, 34: 'Preach faith until you have it; and then, because you have it, you will preach faith.'<br /><br />● 1741 - English fleet under Admiral Ogle reaches Cartagena<br /><br />● 1766 - The British Parliament repealed the Stamp Act, which had caused bitter and violent opposition in the U.S. colonies.<br /><br />● 1774 - First sighting of Orion Nebula by William Herschel.<br /><br />● 1776 - The American War of Independence: The Americans capture "Dorchester Heights" dominating the port of Boston, Massachusetts.<br /><br />● 1778 - The Continental Congress voted to ratify both the Treaty of Amity and Commerce and the Treaty of Alliance with France. The two treaties were the first entered into by the United States government.<br /><br />● 1789 - In New York City, the first U.S. Congress meets and declares the new Constitution of the United States is in effect (9 senators, 13 representatives).<br /><br />● 1790 - France is divided into 83 départements, which cut across the former provinces in an attempt to dislodge regional loyalties based on noble ownership of land.<br /><br />● 1791 - 1st Jewish member of US Congress, Israel Jacobs (Pennsylvania), takes office<br /><br />● 1791 - A Constitutional Act is introduced by the British House of Commons in London which envisages the separation of Canada into Lower Canada (Quebec) and Upper Canada (Ontario).<br /><br />● 1791 - President Washington calls the US Senate into its 1st special session<br /><br />● 1791 - Vermont is admitted as the 14th U.S. state.<br /><br />● 1792 - Oranges were introduced into Hawaii.<br /><br />● 1793 - French troops conquer Geertruidenberg, Netherlands.<br /><br />● 1793 - President Washington's 2nd inauguration, shortest speech (133 words)<br /><br />● 1794 - The 11th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed by the U.S. Congress. The Amendment limited the jurisdiction of the federal courts to automatically hear cases brought against a state by the citizens of another state. Later interpretations expanded this to include citizens of the state being sued, as well.<br /><br />● 1797 - In the first ever peaceful transfer of power between elected leaders in modern times, John Adams is sworn in as President of the United States, succeeding George Washington.<br /><br />● 1798 - Catholic women force to do penance for kindling sabbath fire for Jews<br /><br />● 1801 - 1st President inaugurated in Washington DC (Thomas Jefferson)<br /><br />● 1804 - The Battle of Vinegar Hill, colony of New South Wales (Australia), when Irish convicts (some of whom had been involved in Ireland’s Battle of Vinegar Hill in 1798) led the colony’s only significant convict uprising.<br /><br />● 1804 - The British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS) was founded at a large interdenominational meeting in London. Its purpose was "to promote the circulation of the Holy Scriptures, without note or comment, both at home and in foreign lands."<br /><br />● 1809 - Madison becomes 1st President inaugurated in American-made clothes<br /><br />● 1813 - Russian troops fighting the army of Napoleon reach Berlin in Germany and the French garrison evacuate the city without a fight.<br /><br />● 1814 - Americans defeat the British at the Battle of Longwoods between London and Thamesville near present-day Wardsville, Ontario.<br /><br />● 1824 - The "National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck" was founded in the United Kingdom, later to be renamed The Royal National Lifeboat Institution in 1858.<br /><br />● 1825 - John Quincy Adams inaugrated as 6th President<br /><br />● 1826 - 1st US RR chartered, Granite Railway in Quincy MA<br /><br />● 1829 - Andrew Jackson inaugurated as 7th President<br /><br />● 1829 - Unruly crowd mobs White House during President Jackson inaugural ball {Jackson joined mob in drinking.}<br /><br />● 1835 - HMS Beagle moves into Bay of Concepción<br /><br />● 1837 - Chicago is granted a city charter by Illinois.<br /><br />● 1837 - Martin Van Buren inaugrated as 8th President<br /><br />● 1841 - Pres. William Henry Harrison caught a fatal cold while standing hatless in the drizzle at his own Presidential inauguration. Longest inauguration speech (8,443 words). A month later, he is the first U.S. president to die in office. {That long speech was of little help.}<br /><br />● 1845 - James K Polk inaugrated as 11th President<br /><br />● 1848 - Carlo Alberto di Savoia signs the Statuto Albertino that will later represent the first constitution of the Regno d'Italia<br /><br />● 1849 - Zachary Taylor refuses to be sworn in office as 12th President of the United States on a Sabbath (Sunday). Urban legend instead holds that the office of President of the United States is vacant for a single day and that David Rice Atchison, President pro tempore of the United States Senate was President de jure that day. However, Taylor was president despite not taking the oath.<br /><br />● 1850 - Future statesman James A. Garfield, at age 18, was "buried with Christ in baptism." Thirty-one years, to the day! after his conversion, Garfield took the oath of office as 20th President of the United States.<br /><br />● 1853 - An oncoming mail train shatters the rear car of a stalled Pennsylvania Railroad emigrant train in the Allegheny Mountains near Mount Union, Pennsylvania, killing seven. This was the highest single U.S. accident toll up to this time.<br /><br />● 1853 - Pope Pius IX recovers Roman Catholic hierarchy in Netherlands.<br /><br />● 1853 - William Rufus de Vane King (D) sworn in as 13th US Vice President<br /><br />● 1859 - Charter of the French Opera House in New Orleans is granted, which opens on December 1 of the same year with a gala performance of Rossini's "William Tell".<br /><br />● 1861 - Confederate States adopt "Stars and Bars" flag, on the same day that Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated as 16th President of the United States.<br /><br />● 1861 - Lincoln inaugurated as 16th President; 1st time US has 5 former Presidents living<br /><br />● 1861 - President Lincoln opens Government Printing Office.<br /><br />● 1863 - Battle of Thompson's Station, Tennessee<br /><br />● 1863 - Territory of Idaho established.<br /><br />● 1865 - President Lincoln inaugurated for his 2nd term as President<br /><br />● 1865 - Third (and last) national flag of the Confederate States of America adopted.<br /><br />● 1869 - Ulysses Grant inaugurated as 18th President<br /><br />● 1876 - US Congress decides to impeach Minister of War Belknap<br /><br />● 1877 - Emile Berliner invents the microphone.<br /><br />● 1880 - New York Daily Graphic publishes the first half-tone engraving.<br /><br />● 1881 - California becomes 1st state to pass plant quarantine legislation<br /><br />● 1881 - Eliza Ballou Garfield became the first mother of a U.S. President to live in the executive mansion.<br /><br />● 1881 - James A Garfield inaugurated as 20th President<br /><br />● 1881 - South African President Kruger accepts ceasefire<br /><br />● 1882 - Birth of Joseph Spivak, Uman, Russia. Lifelong anarchist who emigrated to the U.S. and during WWI was actively involved around the country in anti-militarist campaigns with Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman.<br /><br />● 1882 - Britain's first electric trams run in East London.<br /><br />● 1885 - Grover Cleveland inaugurated as 1st Democratic President since Civil War<br /><br />● 1887 - 23-year-old William Randolph Hearst buys the San Francisco Examiner, and starts to build the Hearst newspaper empire.<br /><br />● 1887 - Gottlieb Daimler unveils his first automobile which he test runs in Esslingen and Cannstatt, Germany.<br /><br />● 1888 - Knute Rockne, who changed the strategy of football as coach at Notre Dame, was born.<br /><br />● 1889 - Benjamin Harrison inaugurated as 23rd President, he is the grandson of William Henry Harrison, president for 30 days forty-eight years earlier.<br /><br />● 1890 - The longest bridge in the United Kingdom, the Forth Bridge (railway) (1,710 ft) in Scotland is opened by the Prince of Wales, who later became King Edward VII.<br /><br />● 1891 - The International Copyright Act, halting the piracy of British, Belgium, French, and Swiss books by U.S. publishers, is passed by Congress.<br /><br />● 1893 - Congo Free State: The army of Francis, Baron Dhanis attacks the Lualaba, enabling him to transport his troops across the Upper Congo and, capture Nyangwe almost without an effort.<br /><br />● 1893 - Grover Cleveland (D) inaugrated as 24th US President (2nd term). He is only man to serve non-consecutive terms as president.<br /><br />● 1894 - Great fire in Shanghai. Over 1,000 buildings are destroyed.<br /><br />● 1897 - William McKinley inaugurated as 25th President of US<br /><br />● 1899 - Cyclone Mahina sweeps in north of Cooktown, Queensland, with a 12 m wave that reaches up to 5 km inland - over 300 dead.<br /><br />● 1901 - 1st advanced copy of inaugural speech (Jefferson-National Intelligencer)<br /><br />● 1901 - President William McKinley inaugurated for 2nd term as President<br /><br />● 1901 - Term of George H White, last of post-Reconstruction congressmen, ends<br /><br />● 1902 - In Chicago, the American Automobile Association is established.<br /><br />● 1904 - Russo-Japanese War: Russian troops in Korea retreat toward Manchuria followed by 100,000 Japanese troops.<br /><br />● 1905 - Theodore Roosevelt was sworn in for his second term (first full term, he became president after McKinley was assassinated shortly after inauguration in 1901) as president.<br /><br />● 1906 - Rosa Luxemburg is arrested and imprisoned at the Warsaw Citadel for revolutionary activities in Warsaw.<br /><br />● 1907 - Louis Botha is appointed Prime Minister of the Transvaal, South Africa.<br /><br />● 1908 - France notified signatories of Algeciras that it would send troops to Chaouia, Morocco.<br /><br />● 1908 - The Collinwood School Fire, Collinwood near Cleveland, Ohio, kills 174 people.<br /><br />● 1908 - The New York board of education banned the act of whipping students in school.<br /><br />● 1909 - President Taft inaugrated as 27th President during 10" snowstorm<br /><br />● 1909 - President William Taft approves Congressional Gold Medals for the Wright brothers.<br /><br />● 1909 - US prohibits interstate transportation of game birds<br /><br />● 1910 - Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) begins Spokane, Wash. free speech fight (which they win).<br /><br />● 1911 - Victor Berger (Wisconsin) becomes the first socialist congressman in U.S..<br /><br />● 1912 - Suffragettes, walking single file in Knightsbridge, London, smash every window they pass to protest government inaction.<br /><br />● 1913 - First U.S. law regulating the shooting of migratory birds passed.<br /><br />● 1913 - The United States Department of Commerce and United States Department of Labor are established by splitting the duties of the 10-year-old Department of Commerce and Labor.<br /><br />● 1913 - Woodrow Wilson inaugurated as 28th President<br /><br />● 1914 - Doctor Fillatre successfully separated Siamese twins.<br /><br />● 1917 - Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia's renunciation of the throne is made public, and Tsar Nicholas II of Russia publicly issues his abdication manifesto. The victory of the February Revolution.<br /><br />● 1917 - Jeannette Rankin of Montana, first U.S. Congresswoman, begins term. Rankin becomes the only Congressperson to vote against U.S. entry into both World Wars. Well into her advanced years, she also led protests against the war in Vietnam.<br /><br />● 1918 - Terek Autonomous Republic established in RSFSR (until 1921)<br /><br />● 1920 - Last day of Julian civil calendar in Greece<br /><br />● 1921 - E. M. Forster sets out on a passage to India to assume his duties as secretary to the Maharaja of the state of Dewas Senior.<br /><br />● 1921 - Hot Springs National Park created in Arkansas.<br /><br />● 1922 - Tippeerary, Ireland gas workers seize their plant, hoist red flag.<br /><br />● 1923 - Lenin's last article about Red bureaucracy was published in Pravda.<br /><br />● 1925 - Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to have his inauguration broadcast on radio.<br /><br />● 1925 - Swain's Island (near American Samoa) annexed by US<br /><br />● 1926 - The government of Dirk Jan de Geer takes office in The Netherlands.<br /><br />● 1929 - Charles Curtis becomes the first native-American Vice President.<br /><br />● 1929 - Herbert Hoover inaugurated as 31st President<br /><br />● 1930 - Blaze levels hangar at Atlanta Airport, destroying twenty aircraft<br /><br />● 1930 - Coolidge Dam in Arizona dedicated<br /><br />● 1930 - Terrible floods ransack Languedoc and the surrounds in south-west France, resulting in twelve departments being submerged by water and causing the death of over 700 people.<br /><br />● 1931 - The British Viceroy of India, Governor-General Edward Frederick Lindley Wood and Mohandas Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) meet to sign an agreement envisaging the release of political prisoners and allowing that salt is freely used by the poorest layers of the population.<br /><br />● 1933 - Bertha Wilson is appointed as first woman to sit on the Supreme Court of Canada.<br /><br />● 1933 - FDR inaugrated as 32nd President, pledges to pull US out of Depression & says "We have nothing to fear but fear itself"<br /><br />● 1933 - Frances Perkins becomes United States Secretary of Labor, first female member of the United States Cabinet.<br /><br />● 1933 - The Parliament of Austria is suspended because of a quibble over procedure - Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss initiates authoritarian rule by decree.<br /><br />● 1936 - First flight of airship Hindenburg, Germany.<br /><br />● 1937 - UAW workers win sit-down strike victory in Flint, Michigan, forcing General Motors to recognize them. The 40-day action at Fisher Body Plant Number One had become the longest sit-down strike in history. Employees inside were protected by 5,000 armed workers circling the plant. After police tear-gassed attacks, workers fought back with firehoses. The gunfire wounded 13 workers, but the police were driven back. By the time the National Guard arrived, the strike had spread to GM plants across the nation.<br /><br />● 1941 - 18 Geuzen resistance fighters sentenced to death in The Hague<br /><br />● 1941 - Adolf Hitler applies pressure on Yugoslavia to join the Tripartite Pact during visit by Serbian Prince Paul.<br /><br />● 1941 - The United Kingdom launches Operation Claymore on the Lofoten Islands, during World War II.<br /><br />● 1942 - Birth of Gloria Gaither, wife of songwriter Bill Gaither, and female vocalist in the Bill Gaither Trio. Gloria is also co-author of the contemporary Christian songs, "Because He Lives," "Something Beautiful" and "The King is Coming."<br /><br />● 1943 - Transport number 50 departs with French Jews to Maidanek/Sobibor<br /><br />● 1944 - First U.S. daylight bombing of Berlin and Anti-Germany strikes in northern Italy.<br /><br />● 1944 - In Ossining, New York, Louis Buchalter, the leader of 1930s crime syndicate Murder, Inc., is executed at Sing Sing.<br /><br />● 1945 - In the United Kingdom, Princess Elizabeth, later to become Queen Elizabeth II, joins the British Army as a driver.<br /><br />● 1945 - Lapland War: Finland declares war on Nazi Germany.<br /><br />● 1946 - C.G.E. Mannerheim resigns from the post of President of Finland.<br /><br />● 1946 - Canada reported that it had uncovered a spy ring that had been organized by the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa. All four people accused admitted to being involved.<br /><br />● 1946 - The United States, France and the United Kingdom launch a call with the Spaniards in favour of the inversion of the pro-Franco mode.<br /><br />● 1947 - France and Britain signed an alliance treaty.<br /><br />● 1948 - The first American civilian (Herbert Henry Hoover) flies at supersonic speeds in Bell X-1 in Muroc, California.<br /><br />● 1949 - Andrei Vishinsky succeeds Molotov as Soviet Foreign minister<br /><br />● 1949 - Security Council of United Nations recommends membership for Israel.<br /><br />● 1952 - U.S. President Harry Truman dedicated the "Courier," the first seagoing radio broadcasting station.<br /><br />● 1954 - JE Wilkins, appointed 1st Black US sub-cabinet member<br /><br />● 1954 - Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, announces the first successful kidney transplant.<br /><br />● 1954 - U.S. warns Latin America against international communism.<br /><br />● 1955 - First radio facsimile transmission is sent across the continent of America.<br /><br />● 1957 - The S&P 500 stock market index is introduced, replacing the S&P 90.<br /><br />● 1959 - U.S. Pioneer 4 misses Moon and becomes the second (U.S. first) artificial planet.<br /><br />● 1960 - French freighter 'La Coubre' explodes in Havana, Cuba killing 100. Fidel Castro blames the U.S. {Fidel also "Remember(s) the Maine"}<br /><br />● 1960 - It is revealed, in connection with the current congressional investigation into payola, that FCC Chairman John Doerfer took a six-day trip to Florida courtesy of Storer Broadcasting.<br /><br />● 1961 - Paul-Henri Spaak resigns as Secretary-General of NATO<br /><br />● 1962 - United States Atomic Energy Commission announces that the first atomic power plant at McMurdo Station in Antarctica is in operation.<br /><br />● 1963 - In Paris six people are sentenced to death for conspiring to assassinate President Charles de Gaulle.<br /><br />● 1964 - Jimmy Hoffa, President of the Teamsters, is convicted by a Federal jury of tampering with a Federal jury.<br /><br />● 1966 - Canadian Pacific Air Lines DC-8-43 explodes on landing at Tokyo International Airport, killing 64 people.<br /><br />● 1966 - London's "Evening Standard" newspaper published an interview with Beatle John Lennon in which he remarked: 'Christianity will... vanish and shrink... We're more popular than Jesus Christ right now.' The quote touched off a storm of international protest, resulting in burnings and boycotts of the Beatles' records.<br /><br />● 1967 - The first North Sea gas is pumped ashore at Easington, County Durham by BP (British Petroleum).<br /><br />● 1968 - Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. announces he will lead a Poor People's March on Washington in April.<br /><br />● 1968 - Orbiting Geophysical Observatory 5 launched<br /><br />● 1969 - Kray twins guilty of McVitie murder; The Kray twins, Ronald and Reginald, face life sentences after being found guilty of murder at the Central Criminal Court.<br /><br />● 1969 - S.S. Yukon, carrying 150,000 barrels of oil, hits a submerged object and spilled its cargo into Cook Inlet, Alaska.<br /><br />● 1969 - Union of Concerned Scientists founded.<br /><br />● 1970 - French submarine Eurydice explodes.<br /><br />● 1970 - Puerto Rican student killed by police during a demonstration against the Vietnam War.<br /><br />● 1971 - "City Command" kidnaps 4 US military men at Ankara, Turkey<br /><br />● 1972 - A Libyan-Soviet accord is agreed for the development of Libyan oil reserves.<br /><br />● 1972 - Last train run between Penrith to Keswick UK<br /><br />● 1972 - Two killed, 136 injured by IRA bomb in restaurant, Belfast, Northern Ireland.<br /><br />● 1974 - Harold Wilson becomes British Prime Minister following the resignation of his predecessor Edward Heath.<br /><br />● 1974 - The Rio-Niterói Bridge connecting the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Niterói in Brazil is opened.<br /><br />● 1975 - Comic genius Chaplin is knighted; Silent film legend Charlie Chaplin has become Sir Charles after a ceremony at Buckingham Palace.<br /><br />● 1975 - The first television coverage of a Canadian parliamentary committee is broadcast.<br /><br />● 1976 - The Maguire Seven are found guilty of the offence of possessing explosives and are subsequently jailed for 14 years. Their convictions are later quashed.<br /><br />● 1976 - The Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention is formally dissolved in Northern Ireland resulting in direct rule of Northern Ireland from London via the British parliament.<br /><br />● 1977 - First CRAY 1 supercomputer shipped, to Los Alamos Laboratories, New Mexico.<br /><br />● 1977 - The 1977 Bucharest Earthquake in southern and eastern Europe kills more than 1,500.<br /><br />● 1978 - Chicago Daily News, founded in 1875, publishes its last issue.<br /><br />● 1978 - Forty thousand demonstrate against uranium enrichment plant, Almelo, Netherlands.<br /><br />● 1979 - The first encyclical written by Pope John Paul II, Redemptor Hominis (Latin for "The Redeemer of Man") is promulgated less than five months after his installation as pope.<br /><br />● 1979 - The Ugandan capital of Kampala is threatened by invading Tanzanian forces.<br /><br />● 1979 - U.S. Voyager I photo reveals Jupiter's rings.<br /><br />● 1980 - Nationalist leader Robert Mugabe wins a sweeping election victory to become Zimbabwe's first black prime minister.<br /><br />● 1982 - NASA launches "Intelsat V".<br /><br />● 1985 - STS 51-E vehicle rolls back to Vandenberg AFB; mission cancelled<br /><br />● 1985 - The Food and Drug Administration approves a blood test for AIDS, used since then for screening all blood donations in the United States.<br /><br />● 1985 - U.S. Supreme Court upholds right of Oneida nation of New York to sue for lands illegally taken in 1795.<br /><br />● 1985 - Virtual ban on leaded gas ordered by EPA<br /><br />● 1986 - Launch of the UK's Today tabloid newspaper (now defunct), pioneering the use of computer photosetting and full-colour offset printing at a time when British national newspapers are still using Linotype machines and letterpress.<br /><br />● 1987 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan addresses the American nation on the Iran-Contra Affair, acknowledging his overtures to Iran had “deteriorated” into an arms-for-hostages deal.<br /><br />● 1988 - Building of the Louvre Pyramid begins at the Napoleon court of the Louvre, in Paris, France.<br /><br />● 1989 - Eastern Airlines machinists strike<br /><br />● 1989 - Six people die and 80 are injured, some of them seriously, at the Purley Station rail crash in Surrey, England.<br /><br />● 1990 - Space Shuttle program: STS-36 (Space Shuttle Atlantis) U.S. 65th manned space mission returns from space.<br /><br />● 1991 - Bank of Credit and Commerce International divests itself of First American National Bank.<br /><br />● 1991 - In Iraq, Saddam Hussein releases 6 U.S., 3 British and 1 Italian prisoners of war.<br /><br />● 1991 - Most primitive form of World Wide Web is put online.<br /><br />● 1991 - Sheik Saad Al-Abdallah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, the Prime Minister of Kuwait, returned to his country for the first time since Iraq's invasion. {All the government heads fled well ahead of Iraq's troops but those who stay and resist are branded the cowards and the fleers, heroes.}<br /><br />● 1991 - The Soviet parliament in Moscow, Russia ratifies a six-nation treaty on German unification.<br /><br />● 1993 - Authorities announced the arrest of Mohammad Salameh. He was later convicted for his role in the World Trade Center Bombing in New York City.<br /><br />● 1994 - Bosnia's Croats and Moslems sign an agreement to form a federation in a loose economic union with Croatia.<br /><br />● 1994 - Four terrorists are convicted for their roles in the World Trade Center bombing which killed six and injured more than a thousand. {This is four more than have been convicted of participation in the attacks on September 11, 2001.}<br /><br />● 1994 - Space shuttle STS-62 (Columbia 16) launches into orbit.<br /><br />● 1995 - Blind teenage boy receives a 'Bionic Eye' at a Washington Hospital<br /><br />● 1996 - A train carrying propane and sodium hydroxide derails in Weyauwega, Wisconsin and catches fire. 2,200 homes near the accident site are evacuated for 16 days.<br /><br />● 1996 - Comet Hyakutake was imaged by the USA Asteroid Orbiter NEAR, (Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous).<br /><br />● 1997 - Brazil Senate allows women to wear slacks<br /><br />● 1997 - Comet Hale-Bopp flies directly above the Sun (1.04 AU).<br /><br />● 1997 - US President Bill Clinton bans federally funded human cloning research.<br /><br />● 1997 - Zeya Start-1 launched (Russia)<br /><br />● 1998 - Ford sued for compensation for using 10,000 slave laborers supplied by Hitler's regime.<br /><br />● 1998 - Gay rights: Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that federal laws banning on-the-job sexual harassment also apply when both parties are the same sex.<br /><br />● 1998 - Government, naval and university computers running Windows NT across the United States crash as a result of a hacker. The crash affects computers running at MIT, Northwestern University, the University of Minnesota, and the University of California campuses at Berkeley, Irvine, Los Angeles, and San Diego. Microsoft repaired the software that apparently allowed hackers to shut down computers in government and university offices nationwide.<br /><br />● 1999 - In a military court, Captain Richard Ashby of the United States Marines is acquitted of the charge of reckless flying which resulted in the deaths of 20 skiers in the Italian Alps when his low-flying jet hit a gondola cable. {One might wonder why he wasn't tried in an Italian court!}<br /><br />● 1999 - Monica Lewinsky's book about her affair with U.S. President Clinton went on sale in the U.S.<br /><br />● 1999 - Retired Supreme Court Justice Harry A. Blackmun, who wrote the 1973 decision that legalized abortion, died in Arlington, Va., at age 90.<br /><br />● 2001 - A massive car bomb explodes in front of the BBC Television Centre in London, seriously injuring 11 people. The attack was attributed to the Real IRA.<br /><br />● 2001 - Hintze Ribeiro disaster, a bridge collapses in northern Portugal, killing up to 70 people.<br /><br />● 2001 - Switzerland and the European Union: Swiss voters overwhelmingly reject a proposal for immediate membership talks with the European Union.<br /><br />● 2002 - Canada bans human embryo cloning but permits government-funded scientists to use embryos left over from fertility treatment or abortions.<br /><br />● 2002 - The moderate leader albanophone Ibrahim Rugova is elected President of Kosovo by the Parliament of the Serb province that had been under international control since 1999.<br /><br />● 2002 - U.S. Attack on Afghanistan: Seven American Special Operations Forces soldiers are killed as they attempt to infiltrate the Shahi Kot Valley on a low-flying helicopter reconnaissance mission.<br /><br />● 2003 - In the Indian-controlled portion of Kashmir, at least 9 people are killed and 52 are injured when a bus falls into a deep gorge.<br /><br />● 2003 - In the southern Philippines, a bomb hidden in a backpack explodes and kills 21 people at an airport in Davao City.<br /><br />● 2004 - The files of Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun are released to the public five years after his death.<br /><br />● 2004 - The guilty verdict for Moroccan al-Qaeda suspect Mounir el Motassadeq's involvement in the September 11, 2001 attacks is overturned by the German appeals court, which orders a retrial.<br /><br />● 2005 - Martha Stewart, imprisoned for five months for her role in a stock scandal, left federal prison to start five months of home confinement.<br /><br />● 2005 - The car of released Italian hostage Giuliana Sgrena is fired on by US soldiers in Iraq, causing the death of an Italian Secret Service Agent and injuring two passengers including Sgrena herself.<br /><br />● 2005 - United Nations warns that about 90 million Africans could be infected by the HIV virus in the future without further action against the spread of the disease. {This number is called into question because the standards for an AIDS diagnosis in Africa radically different than the rest of world, no screening for antibodies is performed and suffering from things like the flu will qualify one for an AIDS diagnosis.}<br /><br />● 2006 - A new species of shark, Mustelus hacat, is discovered in Mexico's Sea of Cortez, bringing the number of Mustelus species found in the eastern North Pacific to 5.<br /><br />● 2006 - Final contact attempt with Pioneer 10 by the Deep Space Network. No response was received.<br /><br />● 2006 - Prince Sverre Magnus of Norway is christened by Bishop Ole Christian Kvarme at the chapel inside the Royal Palace, Oslo.<br /><br />● 2006 - The central Papeete power station is damaged by a fire, resulting in limited power for some areas of Tahiti for a couple of weeks.<br /><br />● 2007 - Estonian parliamentary election: Approximately 30,000 voters take advantage of electronic voting in Estonia, the world's first nationwide voting where part of the votecasting is allowed in the form of remote electronic voting via the Internet.<br /><br />● 2007 - The first of two total lunar eclipses in 2007, observed during the early hours (penumbral eclipse ending 02:23:44 UT), was unique in that it was partly visible from every continent around the world.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1188 - Blanche of Castile, wife of Louis VIII of France (d. 1252)<br /><br />● 1394 - Henry the Navigator, Portuguese sponsor of voyages of exploration (d. 1460)<br /><br />● 1492 - Francesco de Layolle, Italian composer (d. c.1540)<br /><br />● 1525 - Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Italian composer of Renaissance music (d. 1594)<br /><br />● 1610 - William Dobson, English portraitist and painter (d. 1646)<br /><br />● 1651 - John Somers, 1st Baron Somers (d. 1716)<br /><br />● 1665 - Philip Christoph von Königsmarck, Swedish soldier (d. 1694)<br /><br />● 1678 - Antonio Vivaldi, Italian composer (d. 1741)<br /><br />● 1702 - Jack Sheppard, English burglar and escapee (d. 1724)<br /><br />● 1706 - Lauritz de Thurah, Danish architect and architectural writer (d. 1759)<br /><br />● 1715 - James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave, British statesman (d. 1763)<br /><br />● 1719 - George Pigot, Baron Pigot, British governor of Madras (d. 1777)<br /><br />● 1745 - Charles Dibdin, English composer (d.1814)<br /><br />● 1746 - Kazimierz Pułaski, American Revolutionary War general (d. 1779)<br /><br />● 1756 - Sir Henry Raeburn, Scottish painter (d. 1823)<br /><br />● 1781 - Rebecca Gratz, American educator and philanthropist (d. 1869)<br /><br />● 1782 - Johann Rudolf Wyss, Swiss folklorist (d. 1830)<br /><br />● 1792 - Samuel Slocum, American inventor (d. 1861)<br /><br />● 1793 - Karl Lachmann, German philologist (d. 1851)<br /><br />● 1817 - Edwards Pierrepont, American statesman, jurist and lawyer; 34th United States Attorney General (d. 1892)<br /><br />● 1819 - Charles Oberthur, German-born harpist (d. 1895)<br /><br />● 1822 - Jules Antoine Lissajous, French mathematician (d. 1880)<br /><br />● 1826 - John Buford, American Civil War Union cavalry officer (d. 1863)<br /><br />● 1826 - Theodore Judah, American railroad engineer (d. 1863)<br /><br />● 1835 - John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist (d. 1911)<br /><br />● 1847 - Karl Bayer, Austrian chemist (d. 1904)<br /><br />● 1854 - Sir Napier Shaw, British meteorologist (d. 1945)<br /><br />● 1856 - Alfred William Rich, English painter (d. 1921)<br /><br />● 1856 - Toru Dutt, English and French poet and author (d. 1877)<br /><br />● 1859 - Alexander Stepanovich Popov, Russian physicist (d. 1905)<br /><br />● 1862 - Jacob Robert Emden, Swiss astrophysicist and meteorologist (d. 1940)<br /><br />● 1863 - Guilląme Furrét, Portuguese playwright and political activist (d. 1937)<br /><br />● 1863 - John Henry Wigmore, American jurist and expert in the law of evidence (d. 1943)<br /><br />● 1863 - Reginald Innes Pocock, British zoologist (d. 1947)<br /><br />● 1864 - David Watson Taylor, U.S. Navy architect (d. 1940)<br /><br />● 1870 - Thomas Sturge Moore, English poet (d. 1944)<br /><br />● 1871 - Boris Galerkin, Russian mathematician (d. 1945)<br /><br />● 1873 - Guy Wetmore Carryl, American humorist and poet (d. 1904)<br /><br />● 1873 - John H. Trumbull, 54th Governor of the U.S. state of Connecticut (d. 1961)<br /><br />● 1875 - Enrique Larreta, Argentine novelist (d. 1961)<br /><br />● 1875 - Mihály Károlyi, former Prime Minister of Hungary and President of Hungary (d. 1955)<br /><br />● 1876 - Léon-Paul Fargue, French poet (d. 1947)<br /><br />● 1876 - Theodore Hardeen, Magician and stunt performer, founder of the Magician's Guild (d. 1945)<br /><br />● 1877 - Alexander Fyodorovich Gedike, Russian composer (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1877 - Fritz Graebner, German ethnologist (d. 1934)<br /><br />● 1877 - Garrett Morgan, American inventor (d. 1963)<br /><br />● 1878 - Arishima Takeo, Japanese novelist, short-story writer and essayist (d. 1923)<br /><br />● 1878 - Egbert Van Alstyne, American songwriter and pianist (d. 1951)<br /><br />● 1878 - Peter D. Ouspensky, Russian philosopher (d. 1947)<br /><br />● 1879 - Josip Murn Aleksandrov, Slovenian poet (d. 1901)<br /><br />● 1880 - Channing Pollock, American playwright and critic (d. 1946)<br /><br />● 1881 - Maude Fealy, American actor (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1881 - Richard C. Tolman, American mathematical physicist (d. 1948)<br /><br />● 1881 - Thomas Sigismund Stribling, American writer (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1881 - Todor Aleksandrov, 19th century Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1924)<br /><br />● 1882 - Nicolae Titulescu, Romanian diplomat, government minister, and former President of the League of Nations (d. 1941)<br /><br />● 1883 - Sam Langford, Canadian boxer (d. 1956)<br /><br />● 1884 - Red Murray, American professional baseball player (d. 1958)<br /><br />● 1886 - Paul Bazelaire, French cellist (d. 1958)<br /><br />● 1887 - Violet MacMillan, American Broadway theatre actress (d. 1953)<br /><br />● 1888 - Jeff Pfeffer, American professional baseball pitcher (d. 1972)<br /><br />● 1888 - Knute Rockne, American football player and coach (d. 1931)<br /><br />● 1889 - Oren E. Long, 10th Territorial Governor of Hawai'i (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1889 - Oscar Chisini, Italian mathematician (d. 1967)<br /><br />● 1889 - Pearl Fay White, American actress (d. 1938)<br /><br />● 1889 - Pearl White, American actress (d. 1938)<br /><br />● 1891 - Dazzy Vance, American Major League Baseball pitcher (d. 1961)<br /><br />● 1891 - Lois Wilson, founder of Al-Anon (d. 1988) {Wife of Bill Wilson co-founder of AA}<br /><br />● 1895 - Bjarne Brustad, Norwegian violinist (d. 1978)<br /><br />● 1895 - Milt Gross, American comic book illustrator (d. 1953)<br /><br />● 1895 - Shemp Howard, American comedian (Three Stooges) (d. 1955)<br /><br />● 1897 - Lefty O'Doul, American baseball player (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1898 - Georges Dumézil, French philologist (d. 1940)<br /><br />● 1899 - Emilio Prados, Spanish poet and editor (d. 1962)<br /><br />● 1900 - Herbert Biberman, American screenwriter (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1901 - Charles Goren, American bridge player and writer (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1901 - Jean Joseph Rabearivelo, Malagasy/French poet (d. 1937)<br /><br />● 1903 - Dorothy Mackaill, British-born actress (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1903 - John Scarne, American magician (d. 1985)<br /><br />● 1903 - Luis Carrero Blanco, Spanish statesman (d. 1973)<br /><br />● 1903 - William C. Boyd, American immunochemist (d. 1983)<br /><br />● 1904 - Chief Tahachee, American-born Old Settler Cherokee Indian stage and film actor (d. 1978)<br /><br />● 1904 - George Gamow, Ukrainian-born physicist (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1904 - Joseph Schmidt Austrian-Hungarian tenor and actor (d. 1942)<br /><br />● 1906 - Charles Rudolph Walgreen, Jr., American businessman (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1906 - Georges Ronsse, Belgian national cyclo-cross and world champion road bicycle racer (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1906 - Meindert DeJong American author (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1907 - Eleanor "Sis" Daley, wife of Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1908 - T.R.M. Howard, American civil rights leader (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1909 - Harry Helmsley, American real estate entrepreneur (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1912 - Afro Basaldella, Italian painter (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1912 - Carl Marzani, American documentarian (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1912 - Judith Furse, British character actress (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1913 - John Garfield, American actor (d. 1952)<br /><br />● 1913 - Taos Amrouche, Algerian writer and singer (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1913 - Willie Johnson, American guitarist (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1914 - Gino Colaussi (Luigi Colaussi), Italian footballer (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1914 - Robert R. Wilson, American physicist, sculptor and architect (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1914 - Ward Kimball, American cartoonist (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1915 - Carlos Surinach, Spanish composer (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1916 - Giorgio Bassani, Italian writer (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1916 - Hans Eysenck, German-born psychologist (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1916 - William Alland, American actor, producer, writer and director (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1917 - Clyde McCullough, American baseball player (d. 1982)<br /><br />● 1918 - Margaret Osborne duPont, American tennis player<br /><br />● 1919 - Buck Baker, American racecar driver (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1920 - Alan MacNaughtan, Scottish actor (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1920 - Jean Lecanuet, French politician (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1921 - Dinny Pails, Australian tennis player<br /><br />● 1921 - Halim El-Dabh, Egyptian-born composer<br /><br />● 1921 - Joan Greenwood, English actress (d. 1987)<br /><br />● 1921 - Wilson Harris, Guyanese writer<br /><br />● 1922 - Dina Pathak (Deena Pathak), Veteran Gujarati theatre and film actress (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1922 - Martha O'Driscoll, American film actress (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1922 - Richard E. Cunha, American cinematographer and film director (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1923 - Sir Patrick Moore, British astronomer<br /><br />● 1924 - Kenneth O'Donnell, Aide to US President John F. Kennedy (d. 1977)<br /><br />● 1925 - Paul Mauriat, French musician (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1926 - Don Rendell, English jazz musician and arranger<br /><br />● 1926 - Fran Warren, American singer<br /><br />● 1926 - James J. Eagan, Former Mayor of Florissant, Missouri (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1926 - Pascual Pérez, Argentine flyweight boxer (d. 1977)<br /><br />● 1926 - Richard DeVos, American billionaire, co-founder of Amway<br /><br />● 1927 - Cy Touff, American jazz musician (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1927 - Dick Savitt, American tennis player<br /><br />● 1927 - Philip Batt, 29th Governor of the U.S. state of Idaho<br /><br />● 1927 - Robert Orben, American magician<br /><br />● 1927 - Thayer David, American actor (d. 1978)<br /><br />● 1928 - Alan Sillitoe, English writer<br /><br />● 1928 - Samuel Adler, American composer<br /><br />● 1929 - Bernard Haitink, Dutch conductor<br /><br />● 1929 - Josep Mestres Quadreny, Catalan composer<br /><br />● 1931 - Alice Rivlin, American economist<br /><br />● 1931 - Bob Johnson, American ice hockey coach (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1931 - Wally Bruner, American journalist and television host (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1931 - William Henry Keeler, American Roman Catholic Archbishop and Cardinal<br /><br />● 1932 - Ed "Big Daddy" Roth, American car designer (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1932 - Frank Wells, American entertainment businessman (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1932 - Miriam Makeba, South African singer<br /><br />● 1932 - Ryszard Kapuściński, Polish journalist (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1933 - Ann Burton, Dutch jazz singer (d. 1989)<br /><br />● 1933 - John W Mills, British sculptor<br /><br />● 1933 - Nino Vaccarella, former Italian sports car racing and Formula One driver<br /><br />● 1934 - Anne Haney, American actress (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1934 - Barbara McNair, American singer and actress (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1934 - Gleb Yakunin, Russian priest and dissident<br /><br />● 1934 - Janez Strnad, Slovenian physicist<br /><br />● 1934 - John Duffey, American bluegrass musician (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1934 - Mario Davidovsky, Argentinian composer<br /><br />● 1935 - Bent Larsen, Danish chess player<br /><br />● 1935 - Nancy Whiskey, Scottish folk singer (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1936 - Aribert Reimann, German composer<br /><br />● 1936 - Jim Clark, OBE, Scottish racing driver and two-time F1 world champion (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1937 - Barney Wilen, French jazz saxophonist (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1937 - Graham Dowling, New Zealand cricketer<br /><br />● 1937 - Leslie Gelb, American foreign policy advisor<br /><br />● 1937 - Yuri Senkevich, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1938 - Adam Daniel Rotfeld, Polish diplomat and researcher<br /><br />● 1938 - Angus MacLise, American percussionist (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1938 - Don Perkins, American football player<br /><br />● 1938 - Paula Prentiss, American actress<br /><br />● 1939 - Carlos Vereza, Brazilian actor<br /><br />● 1939 - Jack Fisher, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1939 - Paula Prentiss, American actress<br /><br />● 1940 - Volodymyr Morozov, Ukrainian flatwater canoer<br /><br />● 1941 - Adrian Lyne, English film director<br /><br />● 1941 - Bobby Shew, American jazz musician<br /><br />● 1941 - John Aprea, American actor<br /><br />● 1942 - Charles C. Krulak, 31st Commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps<br /><br />● 1942 - David Matthews, American keyboardist, pianist, and arranger<br /><br />● 1942 - Gloria Gaither, American gospel songwriter<br /><br />● 1943 - Lucio Dalla, Italian singer and songwriter<br /><br />● 1943 - Zoltan Jeney, Hungarian composer<br /><br />● 1944 - Bobby Womack, American singer<br /><br />● 1944 - Harvey Postlethwaite, English engineer and race car designer (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1944 - Ulrich Roski, German singer-songwriter (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1945 - Dieter Meier, Swiss singer<br /><br />● 1945 - Gary Williams, American basketball coach<br /><br />● 1945 - Tara Browne, British socialite (d. 1966)<br /><br />● 1945 - Tommy Svensson, Swedish football manager<br /><br />● 1946 - Haile Gerima, Ethiopian filmmaker<br /><br />● 1946 - Harvey Goldsmith, British impresario<br /><br />● 1946 - Michael Ashcroft, English entrepreneur<br /><br />● 1947 - David Franzoni, American screenwriter<br /><br />● 1947 - Gunnar Hansen, Icelandic actor<br /><br />● 1947 - Gwen Welles, American actress (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1947 - Jan Garbarek, Norwegian musician<br /><br />● 1948 - Chris Squire, English bassist (Yes)<br /><br />● 1948 - James Ellroy, American writer<br /><br />● 1948 - Jean O'Leary, American gay and lesbian rights activist and politician (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1948 - Leron Lee, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1948 - Lindy Chamberlain, Australian author<br /><br />● 1948 - Shakin' Stevens, Welsh singer<br /><br />● 1948 - Tom Grieve, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1949 - Carroll Baker, Canadian country singer and songwriter<br /><br />● 1950 - Ofelia Medina, Mexican actress and screenwriter<br /><br />● 1950 - Rick Perry, Governor of Texas<br /><br />● 1951 - Chris Rea, English singer<br /><br />● 1951 - Edelgard Bulmahn, German politician<br /><br />● 1951 - Kenny Dalglish, Scottish footballer and manager<br /><br />● 1951 - Linda Yamamoto, Japanese singer<br /><br />● 1951 - Mike Quarry, American light heavyweight boxer (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1951 - Sam Perlozzo, American Major League Baseball manager (Baltimore Orioles)<br /><br />● 1951 - Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, American novelist (d. 1982)<br /><br />● 1952 - Ronn Moss, American actor (''The Bold and the Beautiful'')<br /><br />● 1952 - Scott Hicks, Ugandan-born movie director<br /><br />● 1952 - Umberto Tozzi, Italian singer<br /><br />● 1953 - Chris Smith, American politician<br /><br />● 1953 - Emilio Estefan, Cuban percussionist (Miami Sound Machine)<br /><br />● 1953 - Kay Lenz, American actress<br /><br />● 1953 - Paweł Janas, Polish football manager and former footballer<br /><br />● 1953 - Scott Hicks, Ugandan-born film director<br /><br />● 1954 - Adrian Zmed, American actor<br /><br />● 1954 - Catherine O'Hara, Canadian actress<br /><br />● 1954 - François Fillon, French politician, Prime Minister of France<br /><br />● 1954 - Irina Ratushinskaya, Russian writer and dissident<br /><br />● 1954 - Mark Chorvinsky, American author and editor (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1954 - Peter Jacobsen, American professional golfer<br /><br />● 1954 - Willie Thorne, English snooker player<br /><br />● 1955 - Dominique Pinon, French actor<br /><br />● 1955 - James Weaver, English race car driver<br /><br />● 1955 - Rowland Charles Gould (Boon Gould) English musician (Level 42)<br /><br />● 1956 - Kermit Driscoll, American jazz bassist<br /><br />● 1957 - Jim Dwyer, American journalist and Pulitzer Prize winner<br /><br />● 1957 - Rick Mast, American NASCAR driver<br /><br />● 1958 - Lennie Lee, British artist<br /><br />● 1958 - Patricia Heaton, American actress (''Everybody Loves Raymond'')<br /><br />● 1959 - Rick Ardon, Australian news presenter<br /><br />● 1960 - Christina Sussiek, former German athlete<br /><br />● 1960 - John Mugabi, Ugandan boxer<br /><br />● 1960 - Mikko Kuustonen, Finnish singer and songwriter<br /><br />● 1960 - Mykelti Williamson, American actor<br /><br />● 1961 - Ray Mancini, American boxer<br /><br />● 1961 - Roger Wessels, South African golfer<br /><br />● 1961 - Sabine Everts, former German track athlete<br /><br />● 1961 - Steven Weber, American actor ("Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip," "Wings")<br /><br />● 1962 - David Sparrow, English actor<br /><br />● 1962 - Greg Kragen, American footballer<br /><br />● 1962 - Lolo Ferrari, French actress (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1962 - Simon Bisley, British comic book artist<br /><br />● 1963 - Barbara Bubula, Polish politician<br /><br />● 1963 - Daniel Roebuck, American actor<br /><br />● 1963 - Janey Lee Grace, English singer, author, television presenter and radio disc jockey<br /><br />● 1963 - Jason Newsted, American bassist (Metallica)<br /><br />● 1964 - Tom Lampkin, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1965 - Andrew Collins, English journalist, scriptwriter and broadcaster<br /><br />● 1965 - Gary Helms, American country singer<br /><br />● 1965 - Jonathan Shearer, Scottish castaway<br /><br />● 1965 - Khaled Hosseini, Afghan author and physician<br /><br />● 1965 - Paul W. S. Anderson, English filmmaker<br /><br />● 1965 - Stacy Edwards, American actress (''Chicago Hope'')<br /><br />● 1965 - WestBam (Maximillian Lenz), German rave techno DJ<br /><br />● 1965 - Yuri Lonchakov, Russian cosmonaut<br /><br />● 1966 - Daniela Amavia, Greek-American actress and international model<br /><br />● 1966 - Dav Pilkey, American author<br /><br />● 1966 - Emese Hunyady, Hungarian speed skater<br /><br />● 1966 - Grand Puba, American rapper<br /><br />● 1966 - Kevin Johnson, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1966 - Patrick Hannan, Rock musician (The Sundays)<br /><br />● 1966 - Sophia Ferrari, Italian actress<br /><br />● 1966 - Steve Bastoni, Italian Australian actor<br /><br />● 1966 - Wash West, English gay porn film director<br /><br />● 1967 - Andrew Osmond, English writer<br /><br />● 1967 - Daryll Cullinan, South African cricketer<br /><br />● 1967 - Evan Dando, American musician (The Lemonheads)<br /><br />● 1967 - Kubilay Türkyılmaz, former Turkish-Swiss footballer<br /><br />● 1968 - Giovanni Carrara, Venezuelan baseball player<br /><br />● 1968 - Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Greek politician<br /><br />● 1968 - Patsy Kensit, English actress<br /><br />● 1969 - Annie Shizuka Inoh, Taiwanese actress<br /><br />● 1969 - Chastity Bono, American actress and gay rights activist<br /><br />● 1969 - Jason Townsend, American artist and record producer<br /><br />● 1969 - Patrick Roach, Canadian actor<br /><br />● 1969 - Pierluigi Casiraghi, Italian football manager<br /><br />● 1969 - Stina Nordenstam, Swedish experimental pop singer, songwriter and musician<br /><br />● 1970 - Àlex Crivillé, Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle road racer<br /><br />● 1970 - Andrea Bendewald, American actress<br /><br />● 1971 - Fergal Lawler, Irish drummer (The Cranberries)<br /><br />● 1971 - Iain Baird, Canadian soccer player<br /><br />● 1971 - Jason Sellers, Country singer<br /><br />● 1971 - Jovan Stanković, Serbian footballer<br /><br />● 1971 - Satoshi Motoyama, Japanese racing driver<br /><br />● 1971 - Shavar Ross, American actor-turned film director, writer, film producer and editor<br /><br />● 1971(70? NYT) - Nick Stabile, American actor<br /><br />● 1972 - Alison Wheeler, British singer (The Beautiful South)<br /><br />● 1972 - Ivy Queen, American composer and singer<br /><br />● 1972 - Jos Verstappen, Dutch Formula One driver<br /><br />● 1972 - Pae Gil-Su, North Korean gymnast<br /><br />● 1972 - Robert Smith, American footballer<br /><br />● 1973 - Len Wiseman, American director<br /><br />● 1973 - Phillip Daniels, American footballer<br /><br />● 1973 - Summer Cummings, American actress<br /><br />● 1974 - Ariel Ortega, Argentine footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Edward Hancock II, American author<br /><br />● 1974 - ICS Vortex (Simen Hestnæs), Norwegian vocalist (Arcturus)<br /><br />● 1974 - Karol Kučera, Slovak tennis player<br /><br />● 1974 - Tommy Phelps, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1975 - Antti Aalto, Finnish ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1975 - Hawksley Workman, Canadian rock singer-songwriter<br /><br />● 1975 - Kim Jung-Eun, South Korean actress<br /><br />● 1975 - Kirsten Bolm, German hurdler<br /><br />● 1975 - Myrna Veenstra, Dutch field hockey player<br /><br />● 1975 - Patrick Femerling, German-born professional basketball player<br /><br />● 1976 - Hiram Bocachica, Puerto Rican baseball player<br /><br />● 1976 - Scott Sturgeon (Stza Crack), American musician (Choking Victim and Leftover Crack)<br /><br />● 1976 - Sean Covel, American film producer<br /><br />● 1976 - Thierry Renaer, Belgian field hockey player<br /><br />● 1976 - Vic Wunderle, American archer<br /><br />● 1977 - Ana Gabriela Guevara, Mexican athlete<br /><br />● 1977 - Daniel Klewer, German footballer<br /><br />● 1977 - Jason Marsalis, American musician<br /><br />● 1977 - Juha Helppi, Finnish professional poker player<br /><br />● 1977 - Sabrina Sabrok, Argentine-Mexican model, television actress and singer<br /><br />● 1978 - Denis Dallan, Italian rugby union footballer<br /><br />● 1978 - Nate Ackerman, British-American logician and wrestler<br /><br />● 1978 - Pierre Dagenais, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1978 - Rachel Roberts, Canadian model and actress<br /><br />● 1979 - Ben Fouhy, New Zealand flatwater canoeist<br /><br />● 1979 - Geoff Huegill, Australian swimmer<br /><br />● 1979 - John Lawler (John Fratelli), Scottish singer (The Fratellis)<br /><br />● 1980 - Arash Markazi, American sportswriter<br /><br />● 1980 - Jack Hannahan, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1980 - Jung Da Bin, South Korean actress (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1980 - Omar Bravo, Mexican footballer<br /><br />● 1981 - Carol Banawa, Filipina singer and celebrity<br /><br />● 1981 - Donny Tourette, English punk rock singer (Towers of London)<br /><br />● 1982 - Charity Rahmer, American actress<br /><br />● 1982 - Landon Donovan, American soccer player<br /><br />● 1982 - Mariano Altuna, Argentine racing driver<br /><br />● 1983 - Matthew Krok, former Australian child actor<br /><br />● 1983 - Max Vergara Poeti, Colombian writer<br /><br />● 1984 - Ai Iwamura, Japanese actress<br /><br />● 1984 - Zak Whitbread, American-born English soccer player<br /><br />● 1985 - Chinedum Ndukwe, American football player<br /><br />● 1986 - Bohdan Shust, Ukrainian footballer<br /><br />● 1986 - Margo Harshman, American actress<br /><br />● 1986 - Tom De Mul, Belgian footballer<br /><br />● 1990 - Andrea Bowen, American actress (''Desperate Housewives'')<br /><br />● 1991 - Diandra Newlin, American actress, singer, and fashion model<br /><br />● 1992 - Jazmin Grace Grimaldi, daughter of Albert II, Prince of Monaco<br /><br />● 1993 - Abigail Mavity, American actress<br /><br />● 1993 - Alice Jones, British actress<br /><br />● 1993 - Jenna Boyd, American actress<br /><br />● 1993 - Yves Michel-Beneche, American actor<br /><br />● 1998 - Prince Paul Louis of Nassau, son of Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 251 - Pope Lucius I<br /><br />● 480 - Saint Landry, bishop of Sées<br /><br />● 561 - Pope Pelagius I<br /><br />● 1172 - Stephen III of Hungary (b. 1147)<br /><br />● 1193 - Saladin, Kurdish sultan (b. 1137)<br /><br />● 1238 - Joan of England, Queen Consort of Scotland, wife of Alexander II (b. 1210)<br /><br />● 1238 - Yuri II, Grand Prince of Vladimir (b. 1189)<br /><br />● 1303 - Daniel of Moscow, Russian Saint, Grand Prince of Muscovy (b. 1261)<br /><br />● 1484 - Saint Casimir, Prince of Poland (b. 1458)<br /><br />● 1496 - Sigismund of Austria (b. 1427)<br /><br />● 1583 - Bernard Gilpin, English clergyman, "Apostle of the North" (b. 1517)<br /><br />● 1604 - Fausto Paolo Sozzini, Italian theologian (b. 1539)<br /><br />● 1615 - Hans von Aachen, German painter (b. 1552)<br /><br />● 1619 - Anne of Denmark, wife of James I (b. 1574)<br /><br />● 1710 - Louis III, Prince of Condé (b. 1668)<br /><br />● 1733 - Claude de Forbin, French naval commander (b. 1656)<br /><br />● 1744 - John Anstis, Garter King of Arms (b. 1669)<br /><br />● 1762 - Johannes Zick, German fresco painter (b. 1702)<br /><br />● 1793 - Louis de Bourbon, French admiral (b. 1725)<br /><br />● 1795 - John Collins, American politician (b. 1717)<br /><br />● 1805 - Jean-Baptiste Greuze, French painter (b. 1725)<br /><br />● 1807 - Abraham Baldwin, American politician (b. 1754)<br /><br />● 1821 - Princess Elizabeth of Clarence, daughter of King William IV, granddaughter of King George III (b. 1820)<br /><br />● 1832 - Jean-François Champollion, French scholar (b. 1790)<br /><br />● 1851 - James Richardson, British explorer (b. 1809)<br /><br />● 1852 - Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (b. 1809)<br /><br />● 1853 - Christian Leopold von Buch, German geologist (b. 1774)<br /><br />● 1858 - Matthew Perry, U.S. naval officer (b. 1794)<br /><br />● 1864 - Thomas Starr King, influential Californian Unitarian minister during the American Civil War (b. 1824)<br /><br />● 1866 - Alexander Campbell, Irish founder of the Disciples of Christ (b. 1788)<br /><br />● 1868 - Jesse Chisholm, American pioneer of the Chisholm Trail (b. 1805)<br /><br />● 1872 - Johannes Carsten Hauch, Danish poet (b. 1790)<br /><br />● 1883 - Alexander Hamilton Stephens, former Vice President of the Confederate States of America (b. 1812)<br /><br />● 1888 - Amos Bronson Alcott, American philosopher (b. 1799)<br /><br />● 1903 - Joseph Henry Shorthouse, English novelist (b. 1834)<br /><br />● 1906 - John McAllister Schofield, former U.S. Secretary of War and Commanding General of the U.S. Army (b. 1831)<br /><br />● 1910 - Knut Ångström, Swedish physicist (b. 1857)<br /><br />● 1915 - William Willett, Inventor of Daylight Saving Time (b. 1856)<br /><br />● 1916 - Franz Marc, German artist (b. 1880)<br /><br />● 1922 - Bert Williams, American entertainer (b. 1874)<br /><br />● 1925 - James Ward, English psychologist and philosopher (b. 1843)<br /><br />● 1925 - John Montgomery "Monte" Ward, American baseball player (b. 1860)<br /><br />● 1925 - Moritz Moszkowski, Polish/German composer (b. 1854)<br /><br />● 1927 - Ira Remsen American chemist (b. 1846)<br /><br />● 1938 - George Foster Peabody, American politician (b. 1852)<br /><br />● 1938 - Jack Taylor, American baseball player (b. 1874)<br /><br />● 1940 - Hamlin Garland, American novelist (b. 1860)<br /><br />● 1941 - Ludwig Quidde, German pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1858)<br /><br />● 1944 - Emanuel Weiss, American hitman (b. 1906) (executed)<br /><br />● 1944 - Fannie Barrier Williams, American educator and political activist (b. 1855)<br /><br />● 1944 - Louis Buchalter, Jewish American mobster (b.1897) (executed)<br /><br />● 1944 - Louis Capone, New York organized crime figure (b. 1896) (executed)<br /><br />● 1945 - Lucille La Verne, American actress (d. 1972)<br /><br />● 1945 - Mark Sandrich, American film director, writer and producer (b. 1900)<br /><br />● 1946 - Bror von Blixen-Finecke, Danish big-game hunter (b. 1886)<br /><br />● 1948 - Antonin Artaud, French actor/director (b. 1896)<br /><br />● 1950 - Adam Rainer, the only man in recorded human history ever to have been both a dwarf and a giant (b. 1899)<br /><br />● 1952 - Charles Scott Sherrington, English scientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1857)<br /><br />● 1954 - Noel Gay, English composer, (b. 1898)<br /><br />● 1959 - Maxey Long, American athlete (b. 1878)<br /><br />● 1960 - Herbert O'Conor, 51st Governor of the US State of Maryland (b. 1896)<br /><br />● 1960 - Leonard Warren, American baritone (b. 1911)<br /><br />● 1962 - George Mogridge, Major League Baseball pitcher (b. 1889)<br /><br />● 1963 - William Carlos Williams, American poet (b. 1883)<br /><br />● 1967 - José Martínez Ruiz, Spanish poet and writer (b. 1873)<br /><br />● 1967 - Michel Plancherel, Swiss mathematician (b. 1885)<br /><br />● 1967 - Vladan Desnica, Croatian and Serbian writer (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1969 - Nicholas Schenck, Russian-born film empresario (b. 1881)<br /><br />● 1973 - Samuel Tolansky, British scientist and expert on spectroscopy (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1974 - Adolph Gottlieb, American painter (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 1976 - Walter H. Schottky, German physicist (b. 1886)<br /><br />● 1977 - Andrés Caicedo, Colombian writer (b. 1951)<br /><br />● 1977 - Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German politician and former Chancellor of Germany (b. 1887)<br /><br />● 1977 - Toma Caragiu, Romanian actor (b. 1925)<br /><br />● 1978 - Wesley Bolin, former Governor of the U.S. State of Arizona (b. 1909) {Bolin was a long time (over 30 years) Secretary of State for Arizona and a regular on the "rubber chicken" circuit (about 300 times a year), it is amazing on such a diet he lived as long as he did.}<br /><br />● 1979 - Willi Unsoeld, American mountain climber (b. 1926)<br /><br />● 1981 - Torin Thatcher, Indian actor (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1981 - Yip Harburg, American lyricist (b. 1896)<br /><br />● 1984 - Ernest Buckler, Canadian novelist (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 1984 - Geoffrey Lumsden, British actor (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1984 - Jewel Carmen, American actress (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1986 - Howard Greenfield, American songwriter (b. 1936)<br /><br />● 1986 - Richard Manuel, Canadian musician (The Band) (b. 1943)<br /><br />● 1989 - Tiny Grimes, American jazz and R&B guitarist (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 1990 - Hank Gathers, American basketball player (b. 1967)<br /><br />● 1992 - Art Babbitt, American animator (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1993 - Art Hodes, American jazz pianist (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1994 - John Candy, Canadian comedian (b. 1950)<br /><br />● 1995 - Eden Ahbez, American composer (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 1996 - Minnie Pearl, American comedian (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 1997 - Carey Loftin, American actor/stuntman (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1997 - Robert H. Dicke, American physicist (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 1999 - Del Close, American actor (b. 1934)<br /><br />● 1999 - Harry Blackmun, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 1999 - Karel van het Reve, Dutch writer (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 2001 - Fred Lasswell, American cartoonist (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 2001 - Glenn Hughes, American singer (The Village People) (b. 1950)<br /><br />● 2001 - Harold Stassen, American politician (b. 1907) {Perennial Republican candidate for President at first serious, 1948/1952, later to be figure of ridicule.}<br /><br />● 2001 - Jim Rhodes, Governor of Ohio (b. 1909)<br /><br />● 2002 - Claire Davenport, English actress (b. 1933)<br /><br />● 2002 - Elyne Mitchell, Australian author (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 2002 - Eric Flynn, British actor/singer (b. 1939)<br /><br />● 2002 - Velibor Vasović, Yugoslavian footballer (b. 1939)<br /><br />● 2003 - Jaba Ioseliani, Georgian bank robber (b. 1926)<br /><br />● 2003 - Sébastien Japrisot, French author, screenwriter and film director (b. 1931)<br /><br />● 2004 - Claude Nougaro, French singer (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 2004 - George Pake, American physicist (b. 1924)<br /><br />● 2004 - John McGeoch, Scottish musician (b. 1955)<br /><br />● 2004 - Stephen Sprouse, American fashion designer (b. 1953)<br /><br />● 2005 - Carlos Sherman, Uruguayan-born writer (b. 1934)<br /><br />● 2005 - Nicola Calipari, Italian secret service agent (b. 1953)<br /><br />● 2005 - Robert Consoli, American actor and musician (b. 1964)<br /><br />● 2005 - Una Hale, Australian soprano (b. 1922)<br /><br />● 2005 - Yuriy Kravchenko, Ukrainian statesman (b. 1951)<br /><br />● 2006 - Dave Rose, American artist (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 2006 - Edgar Valter, Estonian illustrator/cartoonist (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 2006 - John Reynolds Gardiner, American engineer (b. 1944)<br /><br />● 2006 - Roman Ogaza, Polish footballer (b. 1952)<br /><br />● 2007 - Bob Hattoy, American activist (b. 1950)<br /><br />● 2007 - Ian Wooldridge, British sports journalist (b. 1932)<br /><br />● 2007 - Natalie Bodanya (Natalie Bodanskaya), American soprano (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 2007 - Richard Joseph, British games soundtrack composer (b. 1954)<br /><br />● 2007 - Sunil Kumar Mahato, Indian parliamentarian (b. 1966)<br /><br />● 2007 - Tadeusz Nalepa, Polish composer, guitar player, vocalist and lyricist (b. 1934)<br /><br />● 2007 - Thomas Eagleton, American politician (b. 1929)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Adrian of Nicomedia, bishop of St. Andrew's, and his Companions.<br />● St. Appian<br />● St. Basil and Companions<br />● St. Basinus<br />● St. Casimir of Poland, patron saint of Lithuania.<br />● St. Efrem<br />● St. Felix of Rhuys<br />● St. Humbert III of Savoy, Blessed<br />● St. Lucius I, pope, martyr.<br />● St. Owen<br />● St. Peter of Pappacarbone<br />● St. Pierre de Cluny<br />● St. Placide Viel<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 21 (Civil Date: March 4)<br />● St. Timothy of Symbola in Bithynia.<br />● St. Eustathius (Eustace), Archbishop of Antioch.<br />● St. George, Bishop of Amastris on the Black Sea.<br />● Services combined with St. Eustathius<br />● St. John the Scholastic, Patriarch of Constantinople.<br />● St. Zachariah, Patriarch of Jerusalem.<br />● "Kozelshchanskaya" Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos.<br />● Repose of Blessed Simon Todorsky, Bishop of Pskov (1754), and Elder Macarius of Glinsk Hermitage (1864).<br /><br />● Wales - Feast day of Rhiannon, Celtic Moon Goddess.<br /><br />● Pennsylvania - Charter Day (1681).<br /><br />● St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada - Charter Day (1881)<br /><br />● Thailand - Magka Puja<br /><br />● United States - Constitution Day (1789)<br /><br />● United States - Inauguration Day (1789 - 1933)<br /><br />● Admission Day to the United States<br />● Vermont - 14th state (1791)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>IN FICTION</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1881 - Holmes & Watson begin "A Study in Scarlet", 1st case together</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/03/march-4.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_4"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/announcement-about-geov-parrishs-this.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/march-4.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-37335910306953506492008-03-03T00:01:00.002-07:002008-03-10T23:06:45.715-07:00March 3......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>March 3</strong> is the 62nd day of the year (63rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 303 days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1980,1986,. . . .,1997,2003—MON—<strong>2008</strong><br />1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—TUE—2009<br />1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—WED—2010<br />1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—THU—2011<br />. . . .,1989,1995,2000,2006—FRI—. . . .<br />1984,1990,. . . .,2001,2007—SAT—2012<br />1985,1991,1996,2002,. . . .—SUN—2013<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />March 3 is the 29th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 117 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 21st of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />336, 398, 409, 420, 493, 504, 583, 588, 667, 678, 751, 762, 773, 835, 846, 857, 868, 930, 941, 952, 1025, 1036, 1115, 1120, 1199, 1210, 1283, 1294, 1305, 1367, 1378, 1389, 1400, 1462, 1473, 1484, 1557, 1568, 1593, 1604, 1677, 1683, 1688, 1745, 1756, 1802, 1813, 1824, 1897, 1954, 1965, 1976<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2049, 2055, 2060, 2106, 2117, 2128, 2269, 2275, 2280, 2337, 2348, 2421, 2427, 2432, 2500, 2579, 2584, 2641, 2647, 2652, 2709, 2720, 2793, 2799, 2804, 2883, 2888, 2894, 2951, 2956, 2962, 3013, 3019, 3024, 3165, 3171, 3176, 3255, 3260, 3266, 3317, 3323, 3328, 3475, 3480, 3486, 3543, 3548, 3627, 3632, 3638, 3700, 3779, 3790, 3847, 3852, 3858, 3909, 3915, 3920, 3999, 4004, 4010, 4083, 4094<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Fools & Fanatics </strong>"What is objectionable, what is dangerous, about extremists is not that they are extreme, but that they are intolerant. The evil is not what they say about their cause, but what they say about their opponents."<strong> — Robert F. Kennedy</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Beat the Press </strong>"[Seymour Hersh is] the closest thing American journalism has to a terrorist."<strong> — Richard Perle to Wolf Blitzer on CNN. Stanley I. Kutler, "There Will Absolutely Be No Dissension," <i>Chicago Tribune</i>, 3-18-03. Perle disliked Hersh's article about him: "Lunch With the Chairman," <i>The New Yorker</i>, 3-17-03.</strong><br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"I've made a couple of mistakes I'd Like to do over."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nT6mhLigI/AAAAAAAAFoQ/7c6ClUnd4As/s1600-h/84-86-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nT62hLihI/AAAAAAAAFoY/RJer_cx0-U0/s400/84-86-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150380656895429138" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Mar 3, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 20% Age: 85% Rise: 4:22 AM Set: 1:57 PM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Mar 3, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 20% Age: 85% Rise: 4:28 AM Set: 2:28 PM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Mar 3, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 21% Age: 85% Rise: 4:29 AM Set: 1:36 PM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Mar 3, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 21% Age: 85% Rise: 4:08 AM Set: 1:08 PM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Sand Dunes Thawing on Mars<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080303.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R9O5SGK7UrI/AAAAAAAAGBc/OzfoGr0tBB4/s400/2008-03-03.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5175684117324059314" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: HiRISE, MRO, LPL (U. Arizona), NASA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 78 - Origin of Saka Era (India)<br /><br />● 468 - St. Simplicius elected to succeed Catholic Pope Hilarius<br /><br />● 493 - Ostrogoten King Theodorik the Great beats Odoaker<br /><br />● 561 - Pelagius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope<br /><br />● 1409 - Austrian civil war ends<br /><br />● 1431 - Bishop Gabriele Condulmer elected as Pope Eugene IV<br /><br />● 1547 - The Seventh Session of the Council of Trent declared: 'If anyone says that one baptized cannot, even if he wishes, lose grace, however much he may sin, unless he is unwilling to believe, let him be anathema.'<br /><br />● 1575 - Indian Mughal Emperor Akbar defeats Bengali army at the Battle of Tukaroi<br /><br />● 1585 - The Olympic Theatre, designed by Andrea Palladio, is inaugurated in Vicenza<br /><br />● 1627 - Piet Heyn conquerors 22 ships in Bay of Salvador Brazil<br /><br />● 1638 - Duke Bernard van Saksen-Weimar occupies Rheinfelden<br /><br />● 1639 - The early settlement of Taunton, Massachusetts is incorporated as a town.<br /><br />● 1657 - Blacks and Native Americans rebel in Massachusetts.<br /><br />● 1744 - Colonial missionary to the American Indians, David Brainerd wrote in his journal: 'In the morning, spent an hour in prayer. Prayer was so sweet an exercise to me that I knew not how to cease, lest I lose the spirit of prayer.'<br /><br />● 1746 - Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Castle of Inverness<br /><br />● 1776 - US commodore Esek Hopkins occupies Nassau Bahamas<br /><br />● 1791 - 1st Internal Revenue Act (taxing distilled spirits & carriages)<br /><br />● 1791 - The United States Mint is created by the U.S. Congress.<br /><br />● 1794 - Richard Allen founded AME Church<br /><br />● 1801 - 1st US Jewish Governor, David Emanuel, takes office in Georgia<br /><br />● 1803 - 1st impeachment trial of a federal judge, John Pickering, begins<br /><br />● 1803 - Colégio Militar is founded in Portugal by Colonel Teixeira Rebello.<br /><br />● 1805 - Louisiana-Missouri Territory forms<br /><br />● 1812 - US Congress passes 1st foreign aid bill (aids Venezuela earthquake victims)<br /><br />● 1813 - Office of Surgeon General of the US army is established<br /><br />● 1815 - US declares war on Algiers for taking US prisoners & demanding tribute<br /><br />● 1817 - Mississippi Territory is divided into Alabama Territory & Mississippi<br /><br />● 1817 - The first commercial steamboat route from Louisville to New Orleans was opened.<br /><br />● 1820 - Missouri Compromise passes, allowing slavery in Missouri<br /><br />● 1833 - According to Akilattirattu Ammanai, Ayya Vaikundar arises from the sea as avatar of Narayana at Thiruchendur.<br /><br />● 1835 - Congress authorizes a US mint at New Orleans LA<br /><br />● 1837 - Congress increases Supreme Court membership from 7 to 9 {Later attempts to enlarge the Court have failed, most notably FDR's attempt in the 1930s.}<br /><br />● 1837 - US President Andrew Jackson & Congress recognizes Republic of Texas<br /><br />● 1838 - Rebellion at Pelee Island, Ontario Canada<br /><br />● 1842 - 1st US child labor law regulating working hours passed (Massachusetts)<br /><br />● 1843 - Congress appropriates $30,000 "to test the practicability of establishing a system of electro-magnetic telegraphs" by the US<br /><br />● 1845 - 1st US law overriding a Presidential veto (John Tyler's)<br /><br />● 1845 - Congress authorizes ocean mail contracts for foreign mail delivery<br /><br />● 1845 - Florida is admitted as the 27th U.S. state.<br /><br />● 1847 - Alexander Graham Bell, the Scottish-born American inventor of the telephone, was born.<br /><br />● 1847 - Post Office Department authorized to issue postage stamps<br /><br />● 1849 - Minnesota Territory organizes as a political division of the United States.<br /><br />● 1849 - The Home Department, forerunner of the Interior Department, was established.<br /><br />● 1849 - The U.S. Congress passes the Gold Coinage Act authorizing $20 Double Eagle gold coin.<br /><br />● 1851 - Congress authorizes smallest US silver coin (3¢ piece)<br /><br />● 1853 - Transcontinental railroad survey is authorized by Congress<br /><br />● 1853 - US Assay Office in New York NY authorized<br /><br />● 1855 - Congress approves $30,000 to test camels for military use<br /><br />● 1855 - Registration of letters authorized by Congress<br /><br />● 1857 - France and the United Kingdom declare war on China.<br /><br />● 1861 - Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs.<br /><br />● 1862 - General Pope lays siege in front of New Madrid MO<br /><br />● 1863 - Abraham Lincoln approves charter for National Academy of Sciences<br /><br />● 1863 - Congress authorizes a US mint at Carson City NV<br /><br />● 1863 - Federal ironclad ships bomb Fort McAllister Georgia<br /><br />● 1863 - First U.S. draft law passes. Contains a clause providing draft exemption in exchange for $300 -- a sum that only the rich could afford to pay.<br /><br />● 1863 - Free city delivery replaces zone postage; 449 letter carriers hired<br /><br />● 1863 - Gold certificates (currency) authorized by Congress<br /><br />● 1863 - Idaho Territory organizes as a political division of the United States.<br /><br />● 1865 - Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, & Abandoned Lands established to help destitute free blacks<br /><br />● 1865 - Opening of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, the founding member of the HSBC Group.<br /><br />● 1869 - University of South Carolina opens to all races<br /><br />● 1870 - Paraguay - The forces of Francisco Solano Lopez are annihilated at Cora Hill.<br /><br />● 1871 - Reacting strongly to charges of corruption, US Congress establishes a Commission on Civil Service Reform. In four years, however, it fails to appropriate a single penny for the Commission, which as a result, is forced to disband.<br /><br />● 1871 - U.S. Congress calls all Native Americans wards of state, nullifying all treaties.<br /><br />● 1873 - "Salary Grab" Act passes, raising the salaries of U.S. congressmen and government officials retroactively.<br /><br />● 1873 - Censorship: The U.S. Congress enacts the Comstock Law, making it illegal to send any "obscene, lewd, or lascivious" books through the mail.<br /><br />● 1873 - Congress authorizes federal departmental postage stamps<br /><br />● 1875 - Congress authorizes 20¢ coin, lasts only 3 years<br /><br />● 1875 - Illegal act of Congress removes lands from Oregon Coast Reservation, despite opposition by Coos and other tribes. Alsea Reservation, Oregon, is returned to public domain.<br /><br />● 1877 - Rutherford B. Hayes is privately inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States (his public inauguration coming on March 5).<br /><br />● 1878 - Bulgaria liberated from Turkey (Peace of San Stefano)<br /><br />● 1878 - Russia and the Ottomans signed the treaty of San Stefano. The treaty granted independence to Serbia.<br /><br />● 1879 - 1st female lawyer heard by Supreme Court (Belva Ann Bennett Lockwood)<br /><br />● 1879 - The United States Geological Survey is created.<br /><br />● 1882 - New York Steam Corp begins distributing steam to Manhattan buildings<br /><br />● 1883 - Congress authorizes the 1st steel vessels in US navy<br /><br />● 1885 - 1st US state (California) establishes a permanent forest commission<br /><br />● 1885 - The American Telephone and Telegraph Company is incorporated in New York State.<br /><br />● 1885 - US Post Office offers special delivery for 1st-class mail<br /><br />● 1887 - American Protective Association forms (anti-Catholic) in Clinton IA<br /><br />● 1891 - Congress creates Office of Superintendent of Immigration (Treasury Department)<br /><br />● 1891 - Congress creates US Courts of Appeal<br /><br />● 1892 - 1st cattle tuberculosis test in US made, Villa Nova PA<br /><br />● 1893 - Columbian Isabella silver quarter authorized<br /><br />● 1893 - Congress authorizes 1st federal road agency, in Department of Agriculture<br /><br />● 1894 - 4th & last British government of Gladstone resigns<br /><br />● 1899 - Congress authorizes Lafayette silver dollar<br /><br />● 1899 - George Dewey becomes 1st in US with rank of Admiral of the Navy<br /><br />● 1900 - Striking miners in Germany returned to work.<br /><br />● 1901 - Congress creates National Bureau of Standards, in Department of Commerce<br /><br />● 1903 - Colorado City (Colo.) free-speech fight.<br /><br />● 1903 - In St. Louis, MO, Barney Gilmore was arrested for spitting.<br /><br />● 1903 - North Carolina becomes 1st state requiring registration of nurses<br /><br />● 1903 - The U.S. imposed a $2 head tax on immigrants.<br /><br />● 1904 - Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany becomes the first person to make a sound recording of a political document, using Thomas Edison's cylinder.<br /><br />● 1905 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agrees to create an elected assembly (the Duma).<br /><br />● 1905 - US Forest Service forms<br /><br />● 1906 - Vuia I aircraft built by Romanian Traja Vuia tested in France. It was the first airplane with tires to attempt flight.<br /><br />● 1908 - The U.S. government declared open war on U.S. anarchists.<br /><br />● 1909 - Aviators Herring, Curtiss and Bishop announced that airplanes would be made commercially in the U.S.<br /><br />● 1910 - In New York, Robert Forest founded the National Housing Association to fight deteriorating urban living conditions.<br /><br />● 1910 - J.D. Rockefeller Jr. announced his withdrawal from business to administer his father's fortune for an "uplift in humanity". He also appealed to the U.S. Congress for the creation of the Rockefeller Foundation.<br /><br />● 1910 - Nicaraguan rebels admitted defeat in open war and resorted to guerrilla tactics in the hope of U.S. intervention.<br /><br />● 1911 - 1st US federal cemetery with Union & Rebel graves opens, Missouri<br /><br />● 1913 - Over 5,000 women march on Washington to demand right to vote. In early guerrilla theatre - women and children stage "Suffrage Tableau" on U.S. Capitol steps.<br /><br />● 1915 - National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NASA forerunner) created<br /><br />● 1917 - Congress passes 1st excess profits tax on corporations<br /><br />● 1917 - Great monarch Michael resigns after 1 day as czar<br /><br />● 1918 - Germany, Austria and Russia sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ending Russia's involvement in World War I, and leading to the independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland.<br /><br />● 1919 - 1st international air mail service from US, Seattle WA-Victoria BC<br /><br />● 1919 - Communist Party in Germany announces a general strike<br /><br />● 1919 - Ruling on the conviction of anarchists Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman, the Supreme Court upholds the Espionage Act. Goldman and Berkman were arrested during World War I for so-called conspiracy against the draft. Today's court ruling thus puts draft resistance outside First Amendment protection. Emma Goldman's last act before entering prison was organizing the Political Prisoners' Amnesty League. During the war, thousands of dissenters have been sentenced to long prison terms. At Angel Island, a concentration camp for dissidents, many have been systematically tortured. At the federal prison in Leavenworth, Kansas, prisoners have hung by their wrists for weeks at a time.<br /><br />● 1921 - Toronto's Dr Banting & Dr Best announce discovery of insulin<br /><br />● 1922 - Italian fascists occupy Fiume & Rijeka<br /><br />● 1923 - US Senate rejects membership in International Court of Justice, The Hague<br /><br />● 1924 - German & Turkish friendship/trade treaty signed<br /><br />● 1924 - The 1400-year-old Islamic caliphate is abolished when Caliph Abdul Mejid II of the Ottoman Empire is deposed. The last remnant of the old regime gives way to the reformed Turkey of President Kemal Atatürk.<br /><br />● 1931 - American linguistic pioneer Frank Laubach wrote in a letter: 'If we only let God have his full chance he will break our hearts with the glory of his revelation. That is the privilege which the preacher can have. It is his business to look into the very face of God until he aches with bliss.'<br /><br />● 1931 - The "Star Spangled Banner," written by Francis Scott Key, was adopted as the American national anthem. The song was originally a poem known as "Defense of Fort McHenry."<br /><br />● 1933 - German Presidential candidate Earnest Thälmann (KPD) arrested<br /><br />● 1933 - Mount Rushmore National Memorial is dedicated.<br /><br />● 1933 - US President Herbert Hoover signs the Norris-LaGuardia Act into law and opening the doors to increased unionization. {This is literally in the last days as president, FDR is already president-elect awaiting inauguration.}<br /><br />● 1934 - John Dillinger breaks out of jail using a wooden pistol<br /><br />● 1935 - Dutch Revolutionary Socialist Worker's party (RSAP), forms<br /><br />● 1938 - Oil is discovered in Saudi Arabia.<br /><br />● 1938 - Samuel Schwartzbard, Jewish watchmaker, anarchist, and poet, dies, Capetown, South Africa. Escaped the Russian pogroms in 1905, settled in Paris. In 1926 he gunned down Simon Petliura, who had directed the pogroms in which some of his family were murdered. He fired three times, announcing - "This, for the pogroms; this for the massacres, this for the victims." Schwartzbard was acquitted by a jury and freed.<br /><br />● 1939 - In Mumbai, Mohandas Gandhi begins to fast in protest of the autocratic rule in India.<br /><br />● 1940 - Five people are killed in an arson attack on the offices of the communist newspaper Norrskensflamman in Luleå, Sweden.<br /><br />● 1941 - Moscow denounced the Axis rule in Bulgaria.<br /><br />● 1941 - Netherlands NSB-leader Mussert visits Göring in Berlin<br /><br />● 1942 - 1st combat flight for Canada's Avro Lancaster military plane<br /><br />● 1942 - World War II: Ten Japanese warplanes raid the town of Broome, Western Australia killing more than 100 people.<br /><br />● 1943 - US defeats Japan & wins Battle of Bismark Sea<br /><br />● 1943 - World War II: In London, 173 people are killed in a crush while trying to enter an air-raid shelter at Bethnal Green tube station.<br /><br />● 1944 - The Order of Nakhimov and Order of Ushakov were instituted in USSR as the highest naval awards.<br /><br />● 1945 - Churchill visits Montgomery's headquarter<br /><br />● 1945 - RAF bombing error hits The Hague killing 511<br /><br />● 1945 - Roermond/Venlo Netherlands, freed<br /><br />● 1945 - US & Philippine forces recaptures Corregidor<br /><br />● 1945 - US 7th Army occupies last part of Westwall<br /><br />● 1945 - World War II: Previously neutral Finland declares war on the Axis powers.<br /><br />● 1949 - The Tucker Automobile Corporation folds.<br /><br />● 1950 - Trappist monk Thomas Merton wrote in "Sign of Jonas": 'The Christian life...is a continual discovery of Christ in new and unexpected places. And these discoveries are sometimes most profitable when you find him in something you had tended to overlook or even despise.'<br /><br />● 1952 - Puerto Rico approves their 1st self written constitution<br /><br />● 1952 - The U.S. Supreme Court upheld New York's Feinberg Law that banned Communist teachers in the U.S.<br /><br />● 1953 - A Canadian Pacific Airlines De Havilland Comet crashes in Karachi, Pakistan killing 11.<br /><br />● 1953 - Guatemala - Jacobo Arbenz declares the nationalization of idle lands held by the United Fruit Company. U.S. backed terrorism and genocide follow for the next 30 years.<br /><br />● 1956 - Indonesian government of Harahap resigns<br /><br />● 1956 - Morocco gains independence from France (Anniversary of throne)<br /><br />● 1957 - Cypriot liberation fighter Gregoris Afxentiou is killed, while fighting against British troops, burnt alive in a cave near the Machera Monastery, refusing to surrender.<br /><br />● 1957 - The head of the Catholic archdiocese of Chicago (the largest in the world), Samuel Cardinal Strich, bans rock and roll from Catholic schools and "recreations" in his district. He cites the "tribal rhythms" and "encouragement to behave in a hedonistic manner." Chicago record sellers report no drop in sales of hedonism-encouraging records.<br /><br />● 1958 - Nuri as-Said becomes the prime minister of Iraq for the 14th time.<br /><br />● 1959 - 1st US probe to enter solar orbit, Pioneer 4, is launched<br /><br />● 1959 - British government arrests Hastings Banda of Nyasaland, ends emergency crisis<br /><br />● 1959 - By a vote taken in both bodies, the Unitarian Church and the Universalist Church, along with their fellowships -- the American Unitarian Association and the Universalist Church of America merged into a single denomination.<br /><br />● 1959 - Lou Costello comedian, dies at 52.<br /><br />● 1960 - 9th largest snowfall in NYC history (14.5")<br /><br />● 1961 - King Hassan II ascends to throne of Morocco<br /><br />● 1961 - Village Council in Inuit town of Point Hope, in far northwestern Alaska, objects in letter to Pres. Kennedy to chain explosion of five atomic bombs in nearby above-ground "Project Chariot" tests.<br /><br />● 1961 - Waterborne Polaris Action Group "welcomes" first submarines, Holy Loch, Scotland.<br /><br />● 1962 - British Antarctic Territory is formed<br /><br />● 1962 - One hundred twenty participate in 24-hour Quaker vigil for peace, Macclesfield, Britain.<br /><br />● 1963 - Senegal adopts constitution<br /><br />● 1965 - Owsley starts making LSD - large quantities of acid available for the first time.<br /><br />● 1965 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1965 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR<br /><br />● 1966 - A British Overseas Airways Boeing 707 flies into a mountain after the captain decides to give the passengers a close-up view of Mt. Fuji. All 124 people aboard are killed.<br /><br />● 1966 - BBC tunes in to colour; The BBC announces plans to begin broadcasting television programmes in colour from next year.<br /><br />● 1966 - Kwame Nkrumah flees Ghana to Guinée<br /><br />● 1966 - Twister hits Jackson MS; 3 minutes after 1st sighting, 57 die<br /><br />● 1967 - Grenada gains partial independence from Britain<br /><br />● 1967 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1968 - Chicano students stage walkout of Los Angeles high schools, calling for an end to racist policies.<br /><br />● 1968 - FBI director J. Edgar Hoover issues a memo to FBI offices concerning the goals of a "Counter-intelligence Program" against "Black Nationalist-Hate Groups."<br /><br />● 1968 - Greece, Portugal & Spain's embassies bombed in the Hague<br /><br />● 1969 - Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 9 to test the lunar module for 151 Earth orbits (10 days).<br /><br />● 1969 - In a Los Angeles, California court, Sirhan Sirhan admits that he killed presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy.<br /><br />● 1971 - Beginning of Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and India's official entry to the Bangladesh Liberation War in support of Mukti Bahini<br /><br />● 1971 - Winnie Mandela sentenced to 1 year in jail in South Africa<br /><br />● 1972 - Mohawk Airlines Flight 405 crashes in unexplained circumstances.<br /><br />● 1972 - Sculpted figures of Jefferson Davis, Robert E Lee, & Stonewall Jackson are completed at Stone Mountain GA<br /><br />● 1973 - Japan disclosed its first defense plan since World War II.<br /><br />● 1973 - Presidents Rule introduced in the Indian state of Orissa.<br /><br />● 1974 - Reported that a famine in the Sahel, western Africa, has resulted in the deaths of 100,000, and millions more are starving.<br /><br />● 1974 - Roman Catholic and Lutheran officials reach an agreement for eventual reconciliation into one communion, marking the first agreement between the two churches since the Reformation.<br /><br />● 1974 - Turkish jet crashes killing 345; A Turkish Airlines DC10 crashes near Paris, en route to London, killing all 345 people on board.<br /><br />● 1976 - 5 workers are killed by the police in a demonstration in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.<br /><br />● 1976 - Mozambique closes border with Rhodesia<br /><br />● 1977 - Libyan Socialist Arabs People's Republic forms<br /><br />● 1978 - The remains of Charles Chaplin were stolen from his grave in Cosier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland. The body was recovered 11 weeks later near Lake Geneva.<br /><br />● 1980 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island<br /><br />● 1980 - The submarine Nautilus was decommissioned. The vessel's final voyage had ended on May 26, 1979.<br /><br />● 1981 - Navajo and Hopi religious leaders request halt in construction of ski resort in the San Francisco Peaks, northern Arizona.<br /><br />● 1982 - Queen opens Barbican Centre; The Queen opens the new £153m Barbican Arts Centre in the City of London.<br /><br />● 1982 - Senate begins debate on expulsion of Senator Harrison Williams (D-NJ)<br /><br />● 1983 - Author/activist Arthur Koestler, 77, and wife found dead of suicidal drug overdoses, London, England. Best known for his novel "Darkness at Noon," which reflects his break with the Communist Party. Hungarian born British novelist/journalist/critic, Koestler worked as a correspondent in the 1920s and 1930s, and was imprisoned by the fascists during Spanish Revolution of 1936. A lifelong advocate of euthanasia.<br /><br />● 1985 - Arthur Scargill declares that the National Union of Mineworkers national executive voted to end the longest-running industrial dispute in Britain without any peace deal over pit closures.<br /><br />● 1985 - Censorship: Women Against Pornography award their "Pig Award" to Huggies Diapers, claiming that the television ads had "crossed the line between eye-catching and porn."<br /><br />● 1989 - Machinists strike Eastern Airlines; pilots honor picket lines<br /><br />● 1989 - Robert McFarlane gets $20,000 fine, two years probation for his role in Iran-Contra.<br /><br />● 1991 - African-American Rodney King is videotaped being severely beaten by Los Angeles police officers.<br /><br />● 1991 - In two concurring referendums: 74 % of the population of Latvia vote for independence from the Soviet Union, in Estonia - 83 %.<br /><br />● 1991 - Iraqi generals & General Schwarzkopf meet to discuss cease fire<br /><br />● 1991 - Miguel Trovoada installed as President of Sao Tomé e Principal<br /><br />● 1991 - Switzerland votes on lowering voting age from 20 to 18<br /><br />● 1991 - United Airlines crashes near Colorado Springs, kills 25<br /><br />● 1992 - Gas explodes in coal mine at Zonguldak Turkey, 100s die<br /><br />● 1992 - President Bush apologizes for raising taxes after pledging not to {He still loses re-election.}<br /><br />● 1992 - The nation of Bosnia was established.<br /><br />● 1994 - The Mexican government reached a peace agreement with the Chiapas rebels.<br /><br />● 1995 - A U.N. peacekeeping mission in Somalia ended. Several gunmen were killed by U.S. Marines in Mogadishu while overseeing the pull out of peacekeepers.<br /><br />● 1995 - MPs move to outlaw hunting; A bill which would ban hunting with hounds in England and Wales has become the first such proposal to get a second reading in parliament.<br /><br />● 1996 - San Francisco police illegally arrest 130 for walking on a street during a march against police brutality.<br /><br />● 1997 - The tallest free-standing structure in the Southern Hemisphere, Sky Tower in downtown Auckland, New Zealand, opens after two-and-a-half years of construction.<br /><br />● 1998 - Bill Gates testifies at Senate Judiciary Committee<br /><br />● 1999 - Bertrand Piccard and Brian Jones began their attempt to circumnavigate the Earth in a hot air balloon non-stop. They succeeded on March 20, 1999.<br /><br />● 1999 - In Egypt, 19 people were killed when a bus plunged into a Nile canal.<br /><br />● 1999 - LaGrand case: The State of Arizona executes Walter LaGrand, a German despite German legal action in the International Court of Justice.<br /><br />● 2001 - A U.S. Air Force Materiel Command C-23 Sherpa transport crashes during stormy weather in the U.S. state of Georgia, killing 21.<br /><br />● 2002 - Citizens of Switzerland narrowly vote in favour of their country becoming a member of the United Nations, abandoning almost 200 years of formal neutrality.<br /><br />● 2004 - Belgian brewer Interbrew and Brazilian rival AmBev agreed to merge in a $11.2 billion deal that formed InBev, the world's largest brewer.<br /><br />● 2005 - Mayerthorpe Incident: James Roszko murders four Royal Canadian Mounted Police constables during a drug bust at his property in Rochfort Bridge, Alberta, then commits suicide. It is the deadliest peace-time incident for the RCMP since 1885 and the North-West Rebellion.<br /><br />● 2005 - Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly an airplane around the world solo without any stops without refueling - a journey of 40,234 km/25,000 mi completed in 67 hours and 2 minutes. {He will later be declared dead when after flying a small plane he is assumed lost and killed in an accident where no wreckage is found.}<br /><br />● 2005 - The freighter M/V Karen Danielsen, crashes into part of the Great Belt Bridge of Denmark, 800 m from Funen. All traffic across the bridge stops, effectively separating Denmark in two.<br /><br />● 2006 - Former Congressman Randy "Duke" Cunningham was sentenced by a federal judge in San Diego to more than eight years in prison for corruption.<br /><br />● 2007 - The first of two total lunar eclipses in 2007, observed during the late hours (penumbral eclipse beginning 20:18:11 UT and reaching totality at 23:20:56 UT), will be unique in that it was partly visible from every continent around the world.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1455 - King John II of Portugal (d. 1495)<br /><br />● 1520 - Matthias Flacius, Croatian Protestant reformer (d. 1575)<br /><br />● 1583 - Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury, English diplomat, poet, and philosopher (d. 1648)<br /><br />● 1589 - Gisbertus Voetius, Dutch theologian (d. 1676)<br /><br />● 1606 - Edmund Waller, British poet (d. 1687)<br /><br />● 1652 - Thomas Otway, British dramatist (d. 1685)<br /><br />● 1678 - Madeleine de Verchères, French Canadian heroine (d. 1747)<br /><br />● 1778 - Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of Hannover (d. 1841)<br /><br />● 1793 - William Charles Macready, English actor (d. 1873)<br /><br />● 1800 - Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist (d. 1862)<br /><br />● 1805 - Jonas Furrer, first President of the Swiss Confederation (d. 1861)<br /><br />● 1831 - George Pullman, American inventor and industrialist (d. 1897)<br /><br />● 1839 - Jamsetji Tata, Indian industrialist (d. 1904)<br /><br />● 1841 - Sir John Murray, Scottish naturalist (d. 1914)<br /><br />● 1845 - Georg Cantor, German mathematician (d. 1918)<br /><br />● 1847 - Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish inventor (d. 1922)<br /><br />● 1851 - Alexandros Papadiamantis, Greek author (d. 1911)<br /><br />● 1860 - John Montgomery Ward, American baseball player (d. 1925)<br /><br />● 1860 - Monte Ward, Baseball player (d. 1925)<br /><br />● 1863 - Arthur Machen, Welsh-born author (d. 1947)<br /><br />● 1866 - Fred A. Busse, Mayor of Chicago (d. 1914)<br /><br />● 1871 - Maurice Garin, French cyclist (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1873 - William Green, American labor union leader (d. 1952)<br /><br />● 1878 - Leopold Jessner, German Expressionist theatrical producer and director (d. 1945)<br /><br />● 1880 - Florence Auer, American actress (d. 1962)<br /><br />● 1880 - Yōsuke Matsuoka, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan (d. 1946)<br /><br />● 1883 - Cyril Burt, educational psychologist (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1886 - Tore Ørjasæter, Norwegian poet (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1890 - Norman Bethune, Canadian doctor and humanitarian (d. 1939)<br /><br />● 1891 - Damaskinos, Greek archbishop of Athens (d. 1949)<br /><br />● 1893 - Beatrice Wood, American artist and ceramicist (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1895 - Matthew Ridgway, Supreme Allied Commander of NATO, U.S. Army Chief of Staff (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1895 - Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch, Norwegian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)<br /><br />● 1910 - Kittens Reichert, American silent screen child actor (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1911 - Hugues Lapointe, Canadian politician and Lieutenant governor of Quebec (d. 1982)<br /><br />● 1911 - Jean Harlow, American actress (d. 1937)<br /><br />● 1918 - Dr. Arthur Kornberg, American Nobel Prize laureate in 1959 for the discovery of DNA polymerase (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1918 - Fritz Thiedemann, German equestrian (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1920 - James Doohan, Canadian-born actor (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1920 - Julius Boros, American golfer (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1920 - Ronald Searle, British illustrator<br /><br />● 1922 - Nándor Hidegkuti, Hungarian footballer (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1923 - Barney Martin, American actor (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1923 - Doc Watson, American musician<br /><br />● 1924 - Ali Faik Zaghloul, Egyptian radio presenter<br /><br />● 1924 - Tomiichi Murayama, former Prime Minister of Japan<br /><br />● 1926 - James Merrill, American poet (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1926 - Joseph Anthony Ferrario, American Catholic prelate (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1926 - Lys Assia, Swiss singer<br /><br />● 1927 - Pierre Aubert, member of the Swiss Federal Council<br /><br />● 1930 - Heiner Geißler, German politician<br /><br />● 1930 - Ion Iliescu, President of Romania<br /><br />● 1933 - Alfredo Landa, Spanish actor<br /><br />● 1933 - Lee Radziwill, American fashion executive<br /><br />● 1933 - Marco Antonio Muñiz, Mexican singer (Los Tres Aces)<br /><br />● 1937 - Bobby Driscoll, American actor (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1940 - Germán Castro Caycedo, Colombian writer and journalist<br /><br />● 1940 - Owen Spencer-Thomas, English broadcaster, journalist and Anglican clergyman<br /><br />● 1940 - Perry Ellis, fashion designer (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1942 - Mike Pender, English singer and guitarist (The Searchers)<br /><br />● 1945 - George Miller, Australian film director<br /><br />● 1945 - Hattie Winston, Actress<br /><br />● 1946 - John Virgo, English snooker player<br /><br />● 1947 - Jennifer Warnes, American singer and songwriter<br /><br />● 1947 - Otto Stuppacher, Austrian racing driver (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1948 - Snowy White, British guitarist (Thin Lizzy, Pink Floyd)<br /><br />● 1949 - Gloria Hendry, American actress<br /><br />● 1949 - Jesse Jefferson, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1949 - Jüri Allik, Estonian psychologist<br /><br />● 1950 - Tim Kazurinsky, American actor and comedian<br /><br />● 1951 - Lindsay Cooper, English musician and composer (Henry Cow, News from Babel)<br /><br />● 1952 - Dermot Morgan, Irish actor and comedian (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1953 - Robyn Hitchcock, British musician<br /><br />● 1953 - Zico, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1954 - Édouard Lock, Canadian dance choreographer (La La La Human Steps)<br /><br />● 1955 - Andy Breckman, American comedian and radio personality<br /><br />● 1956 - Zbigniew Boniek, Polish footballer<br /><br />● 1958 - Marc Silvestri, American comic book artist and publisher (Top Cow Productions)<br /><br />● 1958 - Miranda Richardson, British actress<br /><br />● 1959 - Ira Glass, American radio host<br /><br />● 1960 - Colin Wells, English cricketer<br /><br />● 1960 - Neal Heaton, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1961 - Fatima Whitbread, English javelin thrower<br /><br />● 1961 - Knut Nærum, Norwegian comedian<br /><br />● 1961 - Mary Page Keller, Actress<br /><br />● 1961 - Perry McCarthy, English racing driver<br /><br />● 1962 - Glen E. Friedman, American photographer and artist<br /><br />● 1962 - Herschel Walker, American football player<br /><br />● 1962 - Jackie Joyner-Kersee, American athlete<br /><br />● 1963 - Sophia Aliberti, Greek actress and TV presenter<br /><br />● 1964 - Duncan Phillips, Australian drummer (Newsboys)<br /><br />● 1964 - Laura Harring, Mexican-born American actress<br /><br />● 1964 - Raúl Alcalá, Mexican cyclist<br /><br />● 1966 - Fernando Colunga, Mexican actor<br /><br />● 1966 - Timo Tolkki, Finnish musician (Stratovarius)<br /><br />● 1966 - Tone Lōc, American rapper and actor<br /><br />● 1968 - Brian Leetch, American ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1969 - John Bigham, Rock musician<br /><br />● 1969 - Simon Whitlock, Australian Darts Player<br /><br />● 1970 - Inzamam-ul-Haq, Pakistani cricketer<br /><br />● 1970 - Julie Bowen, American actress<br /><br />● 1971 - Brett Warren, Country singer (The Warren Brothers)<br /><br />● 1971 - Tyler Florence, chef, Food Network personality, & cookbook author<br /><br />● 1972 - Darren Anderton, English footballer<br /><br />● 1973 - Romāns Vainšteins, Latvian cyclist<br /><br />● 1973 - Victoria Zdrok, Ukrainian model<br /><br />● 1974 - David Faustino, American actor (''Married... With Children'')<br /><br />● 1976 - Fraser Gehrig, Australian rules footballer<br /><br />● 1977 - Ronan Keating, Irish singer (Boyzones)<br /><br />● 1977 - Stéphane Robidas, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1978 - Matt Diaz, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1978 - Seomoon Tak, Korean singer<br /><br />● 1979 - Alex Zane, English comedian<br /><br />● 1979 - Patrick Renna, American actor<br /><br />● 1980 - Mason Unck, American football player<br /><br />● 1981 - Dusty Dvoracek, American football player<br /><br />● 1981 - Emmanuel Pappoe, Ghanaian footballer<br /><br />● 1981 - Kim Yoo-Jin (Eugene), South Korean singer and actress<br /><br />● 1981 - Lil' Flip, American rapper<br /><br />● 1981 - Sung Yu Ri, South Korean singer and actress<br /><br />● 1982 - Jessica Biel, American actress (''7th Heaven'')<br /><br />● 1983 - Maite Perroni, singer in the Latin Pop group RBD<br /><br />● 1985 - Sam Morrow, Northern Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1986 - Stacie Orrico, American singer<br /><br />● 1992 - Madison Cross, American singer and actress<br /><br />● 1997 - Maria Francisca Isabel de Bragança, Infanta, daughter of Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1111 - Bohemund I, Prince of Antioch<br /><br />● 1239 - Vladimir III Rurikovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1187)<br /><br />● 1459 - Ausiàs March, Catalan poet (b. 1397)<br /><br />● 1554 - John Frederick, Elector of Saxony (b. 1503)<br /><br />● 1703 - Robert Hooke, English scientist (b. 1635)<br /><br />● 1706 - Johann Pachelbel, German composer (b. 1653)<br /><br />● 1707 - Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor of India (b. 1618)<br /><br />● 1717 - Pierre Allix, French Protestant pastor (b. 1641)<br /><br />● 1744 - Jean Barbeyrac, French jurist<br /><br />● 1765 - William Stukeley, English archaeologist (b. 1687)<br /><br />● 1768 - Nicola Porpora, Italian composer (b. 1686)<br /><br />● 1792 - Robert Adam, Scottish architect (b. 1728)<br /><br />● 1850 - Oliver Cowdery, American religious leader (b. 1806)<br /><br />● 1894 - Ned Williamson, American baseball player (b. 1857)<br /><br />● 1899 - William P. Sprague, American politician from Ohio (b. 1827)<br /><br />● 1927 - J.G. Parry-Thomas, Welsh motor-racing driver (b. 1884)<br /><br />● 1927 - Mikhail Artsybashev, Russian writer (b. 1878)<br /><br />● 1932 - Eugen d'Albert, German composer (b. 1864)<br /><br />● 1943 - George Thompson, English cricketer (b. 1877)<br /><br />● 1953 - James J. Jeffries, American heavyweight boxer (b. 1875)<br /><br />● 1959 - Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1961 - Paul Wittgenstein, Austrian-born pianist (b. 1887)<br /><br />● 1966 - Alice Pearce, American actress (b. 1917)<br /><br />● 1966 - William Frawley, American actor (b. 1887)<br /><br />● 1982 - Georges Perec, French writer (b. 1936)<br /><br />● 1983 - Arthur Koestler, Austrian writer (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1983 - Hergé, Belgian comics creator (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1987 - Danny Kaye, American actor, singer, and comedian (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 1988 - Sewall Wright, American biologist (b. 1889)<br /><br />● 1990 - Gérard Blitz, Belgian waterpoloist and entrepreneur (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 1991 - Arthur Murray, American dancer and dance instructor (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1993 - Albert Sabin, Polish-born medical researcher (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1993 - Carlos Marcello, Tunisian-born gangster (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 1993 - Carlos Montoya, flamenco guitarist (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 1995 - Howard W. Hunter, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1996 - John Cardinal Krol, American Catholic clergyman (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 1996 - Marguerite Duras, French writer (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1998 - Fred Friendly, American broadcast executive (b. 1915)<br /><br />● 1999 - Gerhard Herzberg, German-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 2000 - Toni Ortelli, Italian composer and alpinist (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 2001 - Louis Edmonds, American actor (b. 1923)<br /><br />● 2002 - Harlan Howard, American musician (b. 1927)<br /><br />● 2003 - Goffredo Petrassi, Italian composer (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 2003 - Horst Buchholz, German actor (b. 1933)<br /><br />● 2003 - Luis Marden, American photojournalist (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 2003 - Peter Smithson, English architect (b. 1923)<br /><br />● 2004 - Cecily Adams, American actress and casting director (b. 1958)<br /><br />● 2005 - Max M. Fisher, American philanthropist (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 2005 - Rinus Michels, Dutch football coach (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 2006 - Ivor Cutler, Scottish poet (b. 1923)<br /><br />● 2006 - William Herskovic, Holocaust hero and philanthropist (b. 1914)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Anselm of Nonantola<br />● St. Arthelais<br />● St. Calupan<br />● St. Camilla<br />● St. Cele-Christ<br />● St. Cleonicus<br />● St. Cunegundes<br />● St. Felix<br />● St. Foila<br />● Sts. Hemiterius and Cheledonius<br />● St. Katharine Drexel<br />● St. Lamalisse<br />● Sts. Marinus and Asterius<br />● St. Non<br />● St. Sacer<br />● St. Titian<br />● St. Winwaloc<br />● Bl. Mary Angela Truszkowska<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 20 (Civil Date: March 3)<br />● St. Leo, Bishop of Catania in Sicily.<br />● St. Agatho, pope of Rome.<br />● Hieromartyr Sadoc (Sadoth), Bishop of Persia, and 128 Martyrs with him.<br />● Beheading of St. Cornelius, abbot of the Pskov Caves, and his disciple St. Bessian of Murom.<br />● St. Agatho, wonderworker of the Kiev Caves.<br />● St. Bessarion the Great, wonderworker of Egypt.<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● St. Cindeus, Bishop of Pisidia.<br />● St. Plotinus, monk.<br />● Abbot Macarius and 34 monks and novices of Valaam martyred by the Lutherans (1578).<br /><br />● The Moslem World - Mohammed's Birthday<br /><br />● Bulgaria - Liberation from Ottoman Rule Day (1878)<br /><br />● Georgia (Country) - Mothers Day<br /><br />● Grenada - Partial Independence Day (1967)<br /><br />● Hawaii - Japanese Girl's Day<br /><br />● Japan – Hinamatsuri, celebration day for girls.<br /><br />● Malawi - Martyr's Day.<br /><br />● Morocco - National Day (1961)<br /><br />● Sudan - Unity Day<br /><br />● Admission Day to the United States<br />● Florida - 27th state (1845)<br /><br />● World Day of Prayer</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/03/march-3.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_3"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/announcement-about-geov-parrishs-this.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/march-3.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-32202219315207691862008-03-02T00:01:00.001-07:002008-03-02T16:23:46.721-07:00March 2......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>March 2</strong> is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 304 days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1981,1987,1992,1998,. . . .—MON—2009<br />1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—TUE—2010<br />1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—WED—2011<br />. . . .,1989,1995,2000,2006—THU—. . . .<br />1984,1990,. . . .,2001,2007—FRI—2012<br />1985,1991,1996,2002,. . . .—SAT—2013<br />1986,. . . .,1997,2003,<strong>2008</strong>—SUN—2014<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />March 2 is the 28th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 120 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 18th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />371, 382, 393, 404, 466, 477, 488, 561, 572, 651, 656, 735, 746, 819, 830, 841, 903, 914, 925, 936, 998, 1009, 1020, 1093, 1104, 1183, 1188, 1267, 1278, 1351, 1362, 1373, 1435, 1446, 1457, 1468, 1530, 1541, 1552, 1588, 1650, 1661, 1672, 1718, 1729, 1740, 1808, 1870, 1881, 1892, 1927, 1938, 1949, 1960<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2022, 2033, 2044, 2101, 2112, 2174, 2185, 2196, 2242, 2253, 2264, 2310, 2321, 2332, 2394, 2405, 2416, 2489, 2546, 2557, 2568, 2614, 2625, 2636, 2704, 2766, 2777, 2788, 2861, 2867, 2872, 2929, 2940, 3008, 3081, 3092, 3138, 3149, 3160, 3233, 3239, 3244, 3301, 3312, 3385, 3391, 3396, 3453, 3464, 3521, 3532, 3605, 3616, 3695, 3763, 3768, 3825, 3831, 3836, 3904, 3977, 3983, 3988, 4067, 4072, 4078<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Feminism </strong>"One distressing thing is the way men react to women who assert their equality: their ultimate weapon is to call them unfeminine. They think she is anti-male; they even whisper that she's probably a lesbian."<strong> — Shirley Chisholm</strong> {Far from being anti-male, feminists are pro-female and pro-human being. Some of the strongest feminists in the world just happen to be enlightened males.}<br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On All Hail King George </strong>". . . I'm the commander—see, I don't need to explain—I do not need to explain why I say things. That's the interesting thing about being the president. Maybe somebody needs to explain to me why they say something, but I don't feel like I owe anybody an explanation."<strong> — George W. "War Criminal" Bush. Bob Woodward, "A Course of 'Confident Action'; Bush Says Other Countries Will Follow Assertive U.S. in Combating Terror," <i>Washington Post</i>, 11-19-02.</strong><br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"That noise in my earphone knocked my nose off, and I had to pick it up and find it."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nT6WhLieI/AAAAAAAAFoA/jY8EZiPWRMw/s1600-h/81-83-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nT6mhLifI/AAAAAAAAFoI/TVbXwP85JME/s400/81-83-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150380652600461810" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Mar 2, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 28% Age: 82% Rise: 3:40 AM Set: 12:53 PM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Mar 2, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 29% Age: 82% Rise: 3:44 AM Set: 1:26 PM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Mar 2, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 29% Age: 82% Rise: 3:49 AM Set: 12:30 PM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Mar 2, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 30% Age: 82% Rise: 3:28 AM Set: 12:02 PM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Comet Hale-Bopp Over Val Parola Pass<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080302.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8s2hT1enjI/AAAAAAAAF50/9OzuzPF8Syw/s400/2008-03-02.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5173288542853307954" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: A. Dimai, (Col Druscie Obs.), AAC<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 871 - Battle at Marton: Ethelred van Wessex beats Danish invasion army<br /><br />● 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks.<br /><br />● 1121 - Dirk VI becomes count of Holland<br /><br />● 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good, Count of Flanders.<br /><br />● 1458 - Hussite George van Podiebrad chosen king of Bohemia<br /><br />● 1498 - Vasco da Gama's fleet visits Mozambique Island<br /><br />● 1629 - English King Charles I leaces house of commons<br /><br />● 1675 - Prince William III installed as Governor of Overijssel<br /><br />● 1776 - Americans begin shelling British troops in Boston<br /><br />● 1789 - Pennsylvania ends prohibition of theatrical performances<br /><br />● 1791 - Long-distance communication speeds up with the unveiling of a semaphore machine in Paris.<br /><br />● 1793 - Sam Houston, the first president of the Republic of Texas, was born near Lexington, Va.<br /><br />● 1795 - Africans revolt in Fedon’s Insurrection against British rule of Grenada.<br /><br />● 1799 - Congress standardizes US weights & measures<br /><br />● 1807 - U.S. Congress passes act prohibiting importation of slaves. The first American slave ship, named Desire, sailed from Marblehead, Massachussetts, in 1637. Since then, nearly 15 million blacks have been transported as slaves to the Americas. The African continent, meanwhile, has lost 50 million human beings to slavery and related deaths. But today's Congressional prohibition will go unenforced due to the huge profits it would curtail. Another 250,000 slaves will be imported illegally before the Civil War.<br /><br />● 1808 - The inaugural meeting of the Wernerian Natural History Society, a former Scottish learned society, was held in Edinburgh.<br /><br />● 1815 - Signing of Kandyan treaty by British invaders and Sri Lankan King.<br /><br />● 1817 - 1st Evangelical church building dedicated, New Berlin PA<br /><br />● 1819 - Territory of Arkansas organized<br /><br />● 1819 - US passed its 1st immigration law<br /><br />● 1820 - Birth of Eduard Douwes Dekker (1820-1887), best known under his pseudonym, Multatuli (Latin, "I have suffered much"). Great Dutch anarchist writer/novelist, a one-time civil servant who wrote the autobiographical novel "Max Havelaar," reflecting his disgust with Dutch colonialism and racism. Despised middle-class conformism, excoriating religion, the family, and prejudices of all kinds -- racist, sexist or sexual. Multatuli's ideas influenced the socialist and libertarian milieu of his time, and practising his libertarian ideals scandalized his contemporaries, living as he did with two women and their children.<br /><br />● 1824 - Interstate commerce comes under federal control<br /><br />● 1829 - New England Asylum for the Blind, 1st in US, incorporated, Boston<br /><br />● 1831 - John Frazee becomes 1st US sculptor to receive a federal commission<br /><br />● 1836 - Texas Revolution: Declaration of independence of the Republic of Texas from Mexico. If only it had stayed that way.<br /><br />● 1853 - Territory of Washington organized after separating from Oregon Territory<br /><br />● 1855 - Alexander II becomes Tsar of Russia.<br /><br />● 1858 - Frederick Cook, New Orleans, patents a cotton-bale metallic tie<br /><br />● 1861 - Emancipation reform of 1861 in Russia: Tsar Alexander II signed the emancipation reform into law, abolishing Russian serfdom.<br /><br />● 1861 - Government Printing Office purchases 1st printing plant, Washington DC<br /><br />● 1861 - US Congress creates Dakota & Nevada Territories out of the Nebraska & Utah territories<br /><br />● 1863 - The United States Congress authorizes track width of 4 ft 8½ in (1,435 mm) for Union Pacific Railroad<br /><br />● 1865 - Freedman's Bureau founded for Black Education, 1865<br /><br />● 1865 - General Early's army is defeated at Waynesborough<br /><br />● 1865 - Second Taranaki War: The Volkner Incident in New Zealand.<br /><br />● 1866 - Excelsior Needle Company began making sewing machine needles.<br /><br />● 1867 - Congress abolishes peonage {a Mexican form of serfdom} in New Mexico<br /><br />● 1867 - Howard University established<br /><br />● 1867 - Jesse James-gang robs bank in Savannah MO, 1 dead<br /><br />● 1867 - The United States Congress passed the 1st Reconstruction Act<br /><br />● 1867 - US Congress creates the Department of Education {there was no debate about this being a Liberal plot to brainwash children}<br /><br />● 1868 - University of Illinois opens<br /><br />● 1877 - Despite an apparent Democratic victory at the polls, the Electoral College, swayed by Republican bribery, selects Rutherford B. Hayes, a Republican, as President. Supporters of Democrat Samuel Tilden claim a stolen election. Sound familiar?<br /><br />● 1888 - The Convention of Constantinople is signed, guaranteeing free maritime passage through the Suez Canal during war and peace.<br /><br />● 1889 - Kansas passes 1st US antitrust laws<br /><br />● 1893 - 1st federal railroad legislation passed; required safety features<br /><br />● 1896 - Ethiopia defeats Italy in the Battle of Adwa, marking the first victory of an African nation over a colonial power.<br /><br />● 1897 - U.S. President Cleveland vetoed legislation that would have required a literacy test for immigrants entering the country.<br /><br />● 1899 - Congress allows railroad companies blanket approval for rights- of-way through Indian lands.<br /><br />● 1899 - President McKinley signs bill creating Mount Rainier National Park (5th in US)<br /><br />● 1899 - U.S. President McKinley signed a measure that created the rank of Admiral for the U.S. Navy. The first admiral was George Dewey.<br /><br />● 1900 - The U.S. Congress voted to give $2 million in aid to Puerto Rico.<br /><br />● 1901 - Hawaii's 1st telegraph company opens<br /><br />● 1901 - The Platt Amendment is passed by Congress. The amendment informs Cuba that U.S. troops will not be withdrawn. Cuba unofficially becomes a protectorate of the U.S.<br /><br />● 1903 - In New York City the Martha Washington Hotel opens, becoming the first hotel exclusively for women.<br /><br />● 1904 - Greatest radical political organizer of all time, Dr. Seuss (Teodore Giesel), born, Springfield, Mass<br /><br />● 1906 - A tornado in Missouri killed 33 and did $5 million in damage.<br /><br />● 1907 - General Louis Botha named premier of Transvaal<br /><br />● 1907 - In Hamburg, Germany, dock workers went on strike after the end of the night shift. British strike breakers were brought in. The issue was settled on April 22, 1907.<br /><br />● 1908 - In New York, the Committee of the Russian Republican Administration was founded.<br /><br />● 1908 - In Paris, Gabriel Lippmann introduced three-dimensional color photography at the Academy of Sciences.<br /><br />● 1909 - Great Britain, France, Germany & Italy ask Serbia to set no territorial demands<br /><br />● 1910 - 2 trains crash in snow storm in Wellington WA, 118 die<br /><br />● 1915 - British Vice Admiral Carden begins bombing of Dardanelles forts<br /><br />● 1915 - Vladmir Jabotinsky forms a Jewish military force to fight in Palestine<br /><br />● 1917 - The enactment of the Jones-Shafroth Act grants Puerto Ricans, United States citizenship.<br /><br />● 1917 - (Old Style) Tsar Nicholas II abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Michael II of Russia after a series of strikes and protests spread through Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and Moscow, Russia; the government lasts until October, when it is overthrown by the Bolsheviks.<br /><br />● 1919 - The first Communist International meets in Moscow.<br /><br />● 1921 - Kronstadt Provisional Revolutionary Committee forms, The Kronstadt Soviet was due to be renewed, and 16,000 showed up and the mass assembly adopted the Petropavlovsk resolution -- opposed only by two Bolsheviks.<br /><br />● 1925 - Japan's House of Representatives recognizes male suffrage<br /><br />● 1925 - SDAP-Second-Faction (Dutch Socialists) of parliament demands drastic disarmament<br /><br />● 1925 - Secretary of Agriculture approves first list of United States Numbered Highways<br /><br />● 1929 - Congress creates Court of Customs & Patent Appeals<br /><br />● 1930 - 1st US indoor glider flight, St Louis Terminal Building<br /><br />● 1930 - American missionary Gustav Schmidt, 39, opened the Danzig Instytut Biblijny in the Free City of Danzig (Gdansk), Poland. It was the first Pentecostal Bible institute established in Eastern Europe.<br /><br />● 1933 - Most powerful earthquake in 180 years hit Japan<br /><br />● 1934 - Birthday of Dottie Rambo, contemporary gospel singer and songwriter. She has authored such country gospel favorites as "In the Valley He Restoreth My Soul," "Build My Mansion Next Door to Jesus" and "I Just Came to Talk With You, Lord."<br /><br />● 1934 - Union Pacific tests light-weight high-speed passenger train, Omaha<br /><br />● 1937 - Mexico nationalizes oil<br /><br />● 1937 - The Steel Workers Organizing Committee signs a surprise collective bargaining agreement with U.S. Steel, leading to unionization of the United States steel industry.<br /><br />● 1938 - Landslides & floods cause over 200 deaths (Los Angeles CA)<br /><br />● 1938 - Trials of Soviet leaders begins in the Soviet Union<br /><br />● 1939 - Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli is elected Pope and takes the name Pius XII. {As cardinal he was instrumental in new treaties between the Vatican and the fascist states of Germany and Italy.}<br /><br />● 1939 - The Massachusetts legislature voted to ratify the Bill of Rights to the U.S. Constitution. These first ten amendments had gone into effect 147 years before.<br /><br />● 1940 - Soviet armies conquer Tuppura Island Finland<br /><br />● 1941 - World War II: First German military units enter Bulgaria after it joined the Axis Pact.<br /><br />● 1942 - Acting under Executive Order 9066, Lt. General John DeWitt proclaims all Japanese-Americans would be required to move away from the West Coast, and recommends, for their own good, they should do so voluntarily. (Any time a government uses the phrase "for their own good," big, big trouble is brewing.)<br /><br />● 1942 - Admiral Helfrich departs Java for Ceylon<br /><br />● 1943 - 1st transport from Westerbork Netherlands to Sobibor concentration camp<br /><br />● 1943 - World War II: Battle of the Bismarck Sea - United States and Australian forces sink Japanese convoy ships.<br /><br />● 1944 - Fumes from locomotive stalled in a tunnel suffocates 521 in Italy<br /><br />● 1945 - 8th Air Force bombs Dresden<br /><br />● 1945 - Anne Frank dies in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.<br /><br />● 1945 - King Michael of Romania gives in to Communist government<br /><br />● 1946 - Dutch troops land on East Bali<br /><br />● 1946 - Ho Chi Minh is elected the President of North Vietnam.<br /><br />● 1946 - Kingman Douglass, becomes deputy director of CIA<br /><br />● 1948 - U.S. Senate Chaplain Peter Marshall prayed: 'O God, forgive the poverty and the pettiness of our prayers. Listen not to our words but to the yearnings of our hearts. Hear beneath our petitions the crying of our need.'<br /><br />● 1949 - Captain James Gallagher lands his B-50 Superfortress Lucky Lady II in Fort Worth, Texas after completing the first non-stop around-the-world airplane flight in 94 hours and one minute.<br /><br />● 1949 - The first automatic street light was installed in New Milford, Conn..<br /><br />● 1955 - King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia abdicates the throne in favor of his father, King Norodom Suramarit.<br /><br />● 1955 - Months before Rosa Parks, teenager Claudette Colvin is arrested in Montgomery, Ala., for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white person.<br /><br />● 1956 - King of Jordan sacks British general; King Hussein of Jordan sacks the British commander of the Arab Legion in an effort to strengthen his own position within the Arab world.<br /><br />● 1956 - Morocco tears up the Treaty of Féz, declares independence from France<br /><br />● 1958 - 1st surface crossing of Antarctic continent is completed in 99 days<br /><br />● 1958 - Yemen announces it will join the United Arab Republic<br /><br />● 1959 - American Presbyterian apologist Francis Schaeffer wrote in a letter: 'Christianity is the greatest intellectual system the mind of man has ever touched.'<br /><br />● 1962 - Atmospheric nuclear weapons tests resumed by UK.<br /><br />● 1962 - In Burma, the army led by General Ne Win seizes power in a coup.<br /><br />● 1962 - JFK announces US will resume above ground nuclear testing<br /><br />● 1964 - Marlon Brando and Bob Satiacum are arrested at a "fish-in" at Frank's Landing, Washington, in support of Native American fishing rights.<br /><br />● 1965 - Montcalm Community College in Sidney MI, founded<br /><br />● 1965 - The North Carolina legislature voted to bring Charlotte College into the UNC system, forming the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.<br /><br />● 1966 - 215,000 US soldiers in Vietnam<br /><br />● 1966 - A Canadian Pacific Airlines DC-8 crashes on landing at Tokyo's Haneda Airport in a thunderstorm one day before the crash of BOAC Flight 911 from the same location.<br /><br />● 1967 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1968 - USAF displays Lockheed C-5A Galaxy, biggest plane in the world<br /><br />● 1968 - USSR launches space probe Zond 4; fails to leave Earth orbit<br /><br />● 1969 - Chinese-Russian borders fight (approximately 70 die)<br /><br />● 1969 - In Toulouse, France the first test flight of the Anglo-French Concorde is conducted.<br /><br />● 1969 - Soviet and Chinese forces clash at a border outpost on the Ussuri River.<br /><br />● 1970 - American Airlines' 1st flight of a Boeing 747<br /><br />● 1970 - Ian Smith declares Rhodesia a republic; Prime Minister of Rhodesia Ian Smith declares his country a republic, cutting its last link with the British Crown.<br /><br />● 1970 - Supreme Court ruled draft evaders can not be penalized after 5 years<br /><br />● 1971 - Oriental Student Union protesters occupy Seattle Central Community College.<br /><br />● 1972 - Jean-Bédel Bokassa appoints himself President for life of Central African Republic<br /><br />● 1972 - The Pioneer 10 space probe is launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida with a mission to explore the outer planets.<br /><br />● 1973 - "Black September" terrorists occupy Saudi Embassy in Khartoum<br /><br />● 1974 - 1st class postage raised from 8¢ to 10¢<br /><br />● 1974 - Grand jury concludes President Nixon is involved in Watergate cover-up<br /><br />● 1974 - Salvador Puig Antich, 24, dies, garrotted at Model de Barcelone despite international protests. Young anarchist militant in the guerilla MIL (Mouvement Iberique de Liberation) fighting the yoke of Francoism.<br /><br />● 1977 - Libya amends constitution<br /><br />● 1978 - Czech Vladimír Remek becomes the first non-Russian or non-American to go into space, when he is launched aboard Soyuz 28.<br /><br />● 1979 - Over 1,100 Christian organizations combined to form the Evangelical Council for Financial Accountability (ECFA). This oversight agency was created to demonstrate to the public that religious groups wanted to make themselves accountable for the funds they raise and spend. {Some preachers today still refuse to open their books to ECFA; one might think they have something to hide.}<br /><br />● 1981 - Aircraft hijacked by 3 Pakistani terrorists<br /><br />● 1982 - Philip K. Dick dies, Santa Ana, California, American science fiction writer par excellence, known for creation of eerily prescient (so far) dystopias.<br /><br />● 1982 - Terror group "The Illuminated Path" frees 260 prisoners in Peru<br /><br />● 1983 - Compact Disc recordings developed by Phillips & Sony introduced {Cooperation between two companies avoid VHS/Betamax type of fight.}<br /><br />● 1983 - USSR performs underground nuclear test<br /><br />● 1984 - Iran offensive against Iraq fails<br /><br />● 1985 - The U.S. government approved a screening test for AIDS that detected antibodies to the virus that allowed possibly contaminated blood to be kept out of the blood supply.<br /><br />● 1986 - Corazon Aquino was sworn into office as president of the Philippines. Her first public declaration was to restore the civil rights of the citizens of her country.<br /><br />● 1986 - Protesters try to stop Land Rover motor company being sold to US<br /><br />● 1987 - Chrysler acquires American Motors.<br /><br />● 1988 - Dutch Liberal Party merged with SDP<br /><br />● 1989 - Exxon Houston runs aground in Hawaii, spills 117,000 gallons of oil<br /><br />● 1989 - Twelve European Community nations agree to ban the production of all chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) by the end of the century.<br /><br />● 1990 - Greyhound Bus goes on strike<br /><br />● 1990 - Nelson Mandela elected deputy President of the African National Congress.<br /><br />● 1990 - Univ. of California-Berkeley campus police attack poetry reading at Barrington Hall co-op.<br /><br />● 1991 - Battle at Rumaila Oil Field brings end to the 1991 Gulf War.<br /><br />● 1991 - Sri Lankan hardliner among 19 killed in blast; The Tamil Tigers are being blamed for the assassination of Sri Lanka's Deputy Defence Minister, Ranjan Wijeratne.<br /><br />● 1991 - UN votes in favor of US resolutions for cease fire with Iraq<br /><br />● 1992 - Moldova joins the United Nations.<br /><br />● 1992 - Rally against ethnic barricades, Sarajevo, Bosnia.<br /><br />● 1992 - Uzbekistan joins the United Nations.<br /><br />● 1994 - Branch Davidian cult leader David Koresh promises to surrender if taped statement is broadcast; it is, but he doesn't<br /><br />● 1994 - William Natcher, (Representative-Democrat-KY), casts his 18,401 & last consecutive vote<br /><br />● 1995 - Ferry boat sinks off Sumbe Angola, 42+ killed<br /><br />● 1995 - Last United Nations "peacekeepers" leave Somalia.<br /><br />● 1995 - Nick Leeson is arrested for his role in the collapse of Barings Bank.<br /><br />● 1995 - Proposal to reinstate death penalty loses in Iowa.<br /><br />● 1995 - Russian anti-corruption journalist Vladislav Listyev was killed by a gunman in Moscow.<br /><br />● 1995 - Space shuttle STS-67 (Endeavour 8), launches<br /><br />● 1996 - All members of Brazilian rock band Mamonas Assassinas die in a plane crash near São Paulo.<br /><br />● 1996 - Establishment of Ranabima Royal College, Kandy, Sri Lanka.<br /><br />● 1996 - John Howard is appointed as Prime Minister of Australia.<br /><br />● 1997 - It was revealed that Vice President Al Gore had made fund-raising calls for the 1996 election on phones installed in government buildings for that purpose.<br /><br />● 1997 - Soyuz TM-24 returns to Earth (Russia)<br /><br />● 1998 - Images from the American spacecraft Galileo indicated that the Jupiter moon Europa has a liquid ocean and a source of interior heat.<br /><br />● 1998 - The U.N. Security Council endorses U.N. chief Kofi Annan's deal to open Iraq's presidential palaces to arms inspectors.<br /><br />● 2000 - In Great Britain, Chile's former President Augusto Pinochet Ugarte was freed from house arrest and allowed to return to Chile. Britain's Home Secretary Jack Straw had concluded that Pinochet was mentally and physically unable to stand trial. Belgium, France, Spain and Switzerland had sought the former Chilean leader on human-rights violations.<br /><br />● 2002 - Eleven Israelis were killed in a Palestinian suicide bombing in Jerusalem's ultra-Orthodox neighborhood.<br /><br />● 2002 - U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins, (ending on March 19 after killing 500 Taliban and al Qaeda fighters, with 11 Western troop fatalities).<br /><br />● 2003 - Over the Sea of Japan, there was a confrontation between four armed North Korean fighter jets and a U.S. RC-135S Cobra Ball. No shots were fired in the encounter in international airspace about 150 miles off North Korea's coast. The U.S. Air Force announced that it would resume reconnaissance flights on March 12. {I am always surprised that news sources have to note the other guy is "armed" and ignore the fact we always are.}<br /><br />● 2003 - The first International Symposium on Taiwan Sign Language Linguistics is held at Chung Cheng University.<br /><br />● 2004 - NASA announced that the Mars rover Opportunity had discovered evidence that water had existed on Mars in the past.<br /><br />● 2004 - War in Iraq: A United Nations report from the weapons inspection teams states that Iraq had no weapons of mass destruction of any significance after 1994, despite US President George W. Bush's and Prime Minister Blair's objection to the contrary before the invasion.<br /><br />● 2004 - War in Iraq: Al Qaeda carries out the Ashoura Massacre in Iraq, killing 170 and wounding over 500.<br /><br />● 2005 - The number of U.S. military deaths in Iraq reached 1,500.<br /><br />● 2006 - President George W. Bush and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh announced a landmark civilian nuclear cooperation deal in New Delhi.<br /><br />● 2006 - Sir Menzies Campbell is elected the new leader of the United Kingdom Liberal Democrats.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1316 - Robert II of Scotland, (d. 1390)<br /><br />● 1409 - John II of Alençon, French soldier (d. 1476)<br /><br />● 1459 - Pope Adrian VI, Dutch - Elected Pope in 1522 (d. 1523)<br /><br />● 1545 - Thomas Bodley, English diplomat and library founder (d. 1613)<br /><br />● 1578 - George Sandys, English colonist and poet (d. 1644)<br /><br />● 1705 - William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, Scottish judge and politician (d. 1793)<br /><br />● 1760 - Camille Desmoulins, French journalist and politician (d. 1794)<br /><br />● 1769 - DeWitt Clinton, American who presided over construction of the Erie Canal (d. 1828)<br /><br />● 1770 - Louis Gabriel Suchet, French marshal (d. 1826)<br /><br />● 1779 - Joel Roberts Poinsett, American statesman and botanist (d. 1851)<br /><br />● 1793 - Sam Houston, President of the Republic of Texas (d. 1863)<br /><br />● 1800 - Evgeny Baratynsky, Russian poet (d. 1844)<br /><br />● 1810 - Pope Leo XIII (d. 1903)<br /><br />● 1816 - Alexander H. Bullock, 26th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1882)<br /><br />● 1820 - Multatuli, Dutch writer (d. 1887)<br /><br />● 1824 - Bedřich Smetana, Czech composer (d. 1884)<br /><br />● 1829 - Carl Schurz, German revolutionary and statesman (d. 1906)<br /><br />● 1836 - Henry Billings Brown, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1913)<br /><br />● 1842 - Carl Jacobsen, Danish brewer and patron of the arts after whom the Carlsberg brewery was named (d. 1914)<br /><br />● 1843 - Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy (d. 1911)<br /><br />● 1849 - Robert Means Thompson, U.S. naval officer (d. 1930)<br /><br />● 1859 - Sholom Aleichem, Russian novelist (d. 1916)<br /><br />● 1860 - Susanna M. Salter, American politician (d. 1961)<br /><br />● 1862 - Boris Borisovich Galitzine, Russian physicist (d. 1916)<br /><br />● 1862 - John Jay Chapman, American poet, dramatist, and critic (d. 1933)<br /><br />● 1876 - Pope Pius XII (d. 1958)<br /><br />● 1878 - William Kissam Vanderbilt II, member of the Vanderbilt family (d. 1944)<br /><br />● 1886 - Willis O'Brien, American animator (d. 1962)<br /><br />● 1900 - Kurt Weill, German composer (d. 1950)<br /><br />● 1902 - Edward Condon, American physicist (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1902 - Moe Berg, American baseball player and spy (d. 1972)<br /><br />● 1904 - Dr. Seuss, American author (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1905 - Geoffrey Grigson, English poet, editor, and literary critic (d. 1985)<br /><br />● 1908 - Fyodor Matveyevich Okhlopkov, Yakut-born Soviet sniper (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1908 - Walter Bruch, German engineer (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1909 - Mel Ott, American baseball player (d. 1958)<br /><br />● 1913 - Celedonio Romero, Spanish guitarist (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1913 - Godfried Bomans, Dutch author and television personality (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1913 - Mort Cooper, American baseball player (d. 1958)<br /><br />● 1914 - Martin Ritt, American director (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1917 - David Goodis, American writer (d. 1967)<br /><br />● 1917 - Desi Arnaz, Cuban-born American actor and bandleader (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1917 - Jim Konstanty, American baseball player (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1918 - Peter O'Sullevan, Irish horse racing commentator<br /><br />● 1919 - Jennifer Jones, American actress<br /><br />● 1919 - Tamara Toumanova, Russian ballerina and actress (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1921 - Ernst Haas, Austrian-born photojournalist (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1923 - Orrin Keepnews, American writer and critic<br /><br />● 1923 - Robert H. Michel, American politician<br /><br />● 1926 - Murray Rothbard, American economist (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1927 - Roger Walkowiak, French cyclist<br /><br />● 1928 - Father John Romanides, Greek priest and professor (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1930 - Emma Penella, Spanish actress (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1930 - John Cullum, American actor and singer (''Northern Exposure'')<br /><br />● 1931 - Mikhail Gorbachev, President of the Soviet Union and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize<br /><br />● 1931(30? NYT) - Tom Wolfe, American author<br /><br />● 1935 - Al Waxman, Canadian actor (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1937 - Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria<br /><br />● 1938 - Lawrence Payton, American singer and songwriter (The Four Tops) (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1938 - Ricardo Lagos, former President of Chile<br /><br />● 1939 - Barbara Luna, Actress<br /><br />● 1940 - Tony Croatto, Italian-born composer (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1941 - David Satcher, 16th United States Surgeon General<br /><br />● 1941 - Jon Finch, Actor<br /><br />● 1942 - John Irving, American author<br /><br />● 1942 - Lou Reed, American singer and guitarist<br /><br />● 1942 - Luc Plamondon, French Canadian lyricist<br /><br />● 1942 - Peter Guber, American film producer<br /><br />● 1943 - Peter Straub, American author<br /><br />● 1943 - Tony Meehan, English drummer (The Shadows) (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1943 - Zygfryd Blaut, Polish footballer (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1944 - Uschi Glas, German actress<br /><br />● 1947 - Harry Redknapp, English football manager<br /><br />● 1948 - Jeff Kennett, Australian politician<br /><br />● 1948 - Larry Carlton, American guitarist<br /><br />● 1948 - Rory Gallagher, Irish guitarist (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1949 - Alain Chamfort, French singer<br /><br />● 1949 - Eddie Money, American singer<br /><br />● 1949 - Gates McFadden, American actress<br /><br />● 1949 - J. P. R. Williams, Welsh rugby union footballer<br /><br />● 1950 - Jeffrey Chodorow, American restaurateur and financier<br /><br />● 1950 - Karen Carpenter, American singer (The Carpenters) (d. 1983)<br /><br />● 1951 - Cassie Yates, Actress<br /><br />● 1952 - Laraine Newman, American actress<br /><br />● 1952 - Mark Evanier, American writer<br /><br />● 1953 - Russ Feingold, American politician<br /><br />● 1955 - Jay Osmond, American musician (The Osmonds)<br /><br />● 1955 - Ken Salazar, American politician<br /><br />● 1955 - Shoko Asahara, Japanese cult leader<br /><br />● 1956 - John Cowsill, American musician (The Cowsills)<br /><br />● 1956 - Mark Evans, Australian bassist (AC/DC)<br /><br />● 1958 - Ian Woosnam, Welsh golfer<br /><br />● 1958 - Peter Arnold, American architect<br /><br />● 1959 - Larry Stewart, Country singer (Restless Heart)<br /><br />● 1961 - Simone Young, Australian conductor<br /><br />● 1962 - Al Del Greco, American football player<br /><br />● 1962 - Jon Bon Jovi, American musician (Bon Jovi)<br /><br />● 1962 - Michael Salinger, American Poet<br /><br />● 1962 - Morioka Hiroyuki, Japanese writer<br /><br />● 1962 - Raimo Summanen, Finnish ice hockey player and coach<br /><br />● 1962 - Scott Sterling, American musician (Scott La Rock)<br /><br />● 1963 - Tanyu Kiryakov, Bulgarian pistol shooter<br /><br />● 1963 - Tuff Hedeman, American bull rider<br /><br />● 1964 - Megan Leigh, American porn star (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1964 - Mike Von Erich, American professional wrestler (d. 1987)<br /><br />● 1965 - Lembit Öpik, British politician<br /><br />● 1965 - Ron Gant, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1968 - Daniel Craig, English actor<br /><br />● 1971 - Dave Gorman, English documentary comedian<br /><br />● 1971 - Elizabeth Lackey, American actress<br /><br />● 1972 - Amber Smith, American actress and model<br /><br />● 1973 - Dejan Bodiroga, Serbian basketball player<br /><br />● 1973 - Trevor Sinclair, English footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Hayley Lewis, Australian swimmer<br /><br />● 1974 - Monika Niederstätter, Italian athlete<br /><br />● 1976 - Casey, Rock musician (Jimmie's Chicken Shack)<br /><br />● 1976 - Glenn Rubenstein, American writer and journalist<br /><br />● 1977 - Andrew Strauss, English cricket player<br /><br />● 1977 - Chris Martin, English musician (Coldplay)<br /><br />● 1977 - Heather McComb, American actress (''Party of Five'')<br /><br />● 1977 - Jay Gibbons, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1978 - Claudio Sanchez, American musician (Coheed and Cambria)<br /><br />● 1978 - Giannis Skopelitis, Greek footballer<br /><br />● 1979 - Damien Duff, Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Édson Nobre, Angolan footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Lance Cade, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1981 - Bryce Dallas Howard, American actress<br /><br />● 1982 - Ben Roethlisberger, American football player<br /><br />● 1982 - Corey Webster, American football player<br /><br />● 1982 - Henrik Lundqvist, Swedish ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1982 - Kevin Kurányi, German footballer<br /><br />● 1983 - Glen Perkins, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1984 - Elizabeth Jagger, English Model and Actress<br /><br />● 1985 - Luke Pritchard, British singer (The Kooks)<br /><br />● 1985 - Reggie Bush, American football player<br /><br />● 1985 - Robert Iler, American actor (''The Sopranos'')<br /><br />● 1988 - Keith Jack, British singer and actor<br /><br />● 1988 - Markéta Irglová, Czech songwriter and actress<br /><br />● 1988 - Nadine Samonte, Filipino actress<br /><br />● 1989 - Will Makar, American singer</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 855 - Lothair, King of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor (b. 795)<br /><br />● 1316 - Marjorie Bruce, daughter of Robert I of Scotland (b. 1296)<br /><br />● 1572 - Mem de Sá, Portuguese Governor-General of Brazil<br /><br />● 1589 - Alessandro Cardinal Farnese, Italian cardinal (b. 1520)<br /><br />● 1729 - Francesco Bianchini, Italian philosopher and scientist (b. 1662)<br /><br />● 1730 - Pope Benedict XIII (b. 1649)<br /><br />● 1755 - Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, French writer (b. 1675)<br /><br />● 1758 - Pierre Guérin de Tencin, French cardinal (b. 1679)<br /><br />● 1791 - John Wesley, English founder of Methodism (b. 1703)<br /><br />● 1793 - Carl Gustaf Pilo, Swedish-born artist<br /><br />● 1797 - Horace Walpole, English politician and writer (b. 1717)<br /><br />● 1830 - Samuel Thomas von Sömmering, German physician (b. 1755)<br /><br />● 1835 - Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1768)<br /><br />● 1840 - Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers, German astronomer (b. 1758)<br /><br />● 1865 - Carl Sylvius Völkner, German missionary to New Zealand (b. 1819)<br /><br />● 1880 - Sir John MacNeill, Irish civil engineer (b. 1790)<br /><br />● 1894 - William McMurdo, British army officer (b. 1819)<br /><br />● 1895 - Berthe Morisot, French painter (b. 1841)<br /><br />● 1895 - Isma'il Pasha, Governor of Egypt (b. 1830)<br /><br />● 1921 - Champ Clark, American politician (b. 1850)<br /><br />● 1921 - King Nicholas I of Montenegro (b. 1841)<br /><br />● 1930 - D. H. Lawrence, English writer (b. 1885)<br /><br />● 1938 - Ben Harney, American composer and pianist (b. 1871)<br /><br />● 1939 - Howard Carter, British archaeologist (b. 1874)<br /><br />● 1945 - Emily Carr, Canadian artist (b. 1871)<br /><br />● 1946 - Fidél Pálffy, Hungarian Nazi (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1953 - Jim Lightbody, American runner (b. 1882)<br /><br />● 1958 - Fred Merkle, American baseball figure (b. 1888)<br /><br />● 1959 - Eric Blore, English actor (b. 1887)<br /><br />● 1960 - Stanisław Taczak, Polish general, commander-in-chief of the Greater Poland Uprising (b. 1874)<br /><br />● 1962 - Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin, Belgian mathematician (b. 1866)<br /><br />● 1967 - José Martínez Ruiz, Spanish poet and writer (b. 1873)<br /><br />● 1973 - Cleo A. Noel, Jr., US Chief of Mission to Sudan, assassinated (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 1974 - Salvador Puig Antich, Spanish anarchist (b. 1948)<br /><br />● 1975 - Josiah Mwangi Kariuki, Kenyan politician (b.1929)<br /><br />● 1979 - Christy Ring Irish hurler (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 1982 - Philip K. Dick, American author (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 1987 - Randolph Scott, American actor and director (b. 1898)<br /><br />● 1991 - Serge Gainsbourg, French singer (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 1992 - Sandy Dennis, American actress (b. 1937)<br /><br />● 1994 - Anita Morris, American actress (b. 1943)<br /><br />● 1997 - Bloodshed, American rapper (b. 1975)<br /><br />● 1999 - David Ackles, American singer and songwriter (b. 1937)<br /><br />● 1999 - Dusty Springfield, English singer (b. 1939)<br /><br />● 2001 - John Diamond, British journalist (b. 1953)<br /><br />● 2003 - Hank Ballard, American musician (b. 1927)<br /><br />● 2003 - Malcolm Williamson, Australian composer (b. 1931)<br /><br />● 2004 - Cormac McAnallen, Northern Irish Gaelic footballer (b. 1980)<br /><br />● 2004 - Marge Schott, American baseball team owner {and well known racist} (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 2004 - Mercedes McCambridge, American actress (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 2005 - Martin Denny, American musician (b. 1911)<br /><br />● 2005 - Rick Mahler, American baseball player (b. 1953)<br /><br />● 2006 - Jack Wild, British actor (b. 1952)<br /><br />● 2006 - Milton Katims, American violist and conductor (b. 1909)<br /><br />● 2007 - Clem Labine, American baseball player (b. 1926)<br /><br />● 2007 - Henri Troyat, French writer, dean of the Académie française (b. 1911)<br /><br />● 2007 - Ivan Safronov, Russian journalist (b. 1956)<br /><br />● 2007 - Thomas S. Kleppe, U.S. politician (b. 1919)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Abdalon<br />● St. Agnes of Boheinia<br />● Martyrs of Campania<br />● St. Chad<br />● St. Cynibild<br />● St. Fergna<br />● St. Gilstlian<br />● Sts. Jovinus & Basileus<br />● Sts. Paul, Heraclius, and Companions<br />● St. Willeic<br />● Bl. Charles the Good, Count of Flanders<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 19 (Civil Date: March 2)<br />● Apostles Archippus and Philemon of the Seventy, and Martyr Apphia.<br />● St. Dositheus of Palestine, disciple of St. Abba Dorotheus.<br />● St. Rabulas of Samosata.<br />● Saints Eugene and Macarius, presbyters, confessors at Antioch.<br />● Martyrs Maximus, Theodotus, Hesychius, and Asclepiodota of Adrianopolis.<br />● St. Conon, abbot in Palestine.<br />● St. Philothea, nun of Athens.<br />● New Hieromartyr Nicetas of Epirus.<br />● Repose of Hieromonk Theodore of Sanaxar Monastery (1791).<br /><br />● Anglican:<br />● St. Chad, Bishop of Lichfield<br /><br />● Lutheran:<br />● Charles Wesley<br />● John Wesley<br /><br />● Bahá'í Faith:<br />● Feast of 'Alá (Loftiness) - First day of the 19th month of the Bahá'í calendar.<br />● Beginning of the Fast (sunrise to sunset fast for 19 days).<br /><br />● Burma - Peasant's Day<br /><br />● Ethiopia - Battle of Aduwa Day (1896)<br /><br />● Morocco - Independence Day (1956)<br /><br />● Texas - Independence Day (1836)</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/03/march-2.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_2"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/announcement-about-geov-parrishs-this.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/march-2.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-47043454221581266992008-03-01T00:10:00.003-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.551-07:00March 1......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>March 1</strong> is the 60th day of the year (61st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 305 days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1982,. . . .,1993,1999,2004—MON—2010<br />1983,1988,1994,. . . .,2005—TUE—2011<br />. . . .,1989,1995,2000,2006—WED—. . . .<br />1984,1990,. . . .,2001,2007—THU—2012<br />1985,1991,1996,2002,. . . .—FRI—2013<br />1986,. . . .,1997,2003,<strong>2008</strong>—SAT—2014<br />1987,1992,1998,. . . .,2009—SUN—2015<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />March 1 is the 27th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 143 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 1st of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />355, 366, 377, 439, 450, 461, 472, 523, 534, 545, 556, 618, 629, 640, 713, 719, 724, 803, 808, 814, 887, 898, 909, 971, 982, 993, 1004, 1055, 1066, 1077, 1088, 1150, 1161, 1172, 1245, 1251, 1256, 1335, 1340, 1346, 1419, 1430, 1441, 1503, 1514, 1525, 1536, 1623, 1634, 1645, 1656, 1702, 1713, 1724, 1775, 1786, 1797, 1843, 1854, 1865, 1876, 1911, 1922, 1933, 1995, 2006<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2017, 2028, 2090, 2147, 2158, 2169, 2180, 2215, 2226, 2237, 2248, 2299, 2305, 2316, 2367, 2378, 2389, 2400, 2451, 2462, 2473, 2484, 2519, 2530, 2541, 2552, 2609, 2620, 2682, 2693, 2739, 2750, 2761, 2772, 2834, 2845, 2856, 2902, 2913, 2924, 2986, 2997, 3043, 3054, 3065, 3076, 3111, 3122, 3133, 3144, 3206, 3217, 3228, 3358, 3369, 3380, 3426, 3437, 3448, 3505, 3516, 3578, 3589, 3600, 3673, 3684, 3730, 3741, 3752, 3809, 3820, 3893, 3950, 3961, 3972, 4045, 4056<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Fear </strong>"We fear that we are inadequate, but our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not our darkness, that most frightens us."<strong> — Marianne Williamson</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Coup D'etat 2000 </strong>"Cheaters! Let us in!"<strong> — <i>A mob of GOP-organized demonstrators</i>—many of them lawyers and staff assistants to Republican legislators and campaign people—screaming in the hall outside the Miami-Dade vote counting center while hand recounts were taking place inside. Ron Fournier, <i>Charleston (WV) Gazette</i>, 11-23-00. On national television, these demonstrators were seen forcing their way into the office building and banging on the locked doors of the counting center. Theodore Olson, former assistant to Ken Starr and now Solicitor General, later admitted that the demonstrations were organized by the GOP to pressure the local canvassing boards. Jonathan Alter, "Far from the Madding crowd," <i>Newsweek</i>, 12-4-00.</strong><br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"The way he's swinging the bat, he won't get a hit until the twentieth century."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nSpGhLicI/AAAAAAAAFnw/ednx41pOS5k/s1600-h/78-80-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nSpWhLidI/AAAAAAAAFn4/Lz4B9bR1bZ4/s400/78-80-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150379256736090578" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Mar 1, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 38% Age: 79% Rise: 2:51 AM Set: 11:54 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Mar 1, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 38% Age: 79% Rise: 2:55 AM Set: 12:28 PM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Mar 1, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 38% Age: 79% Rise: 3:00 AM Set: 11:31 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Mar 1, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Crescent Percent of Full: 39% Age: 79% Rise: 2:38 AM Set: 11:02 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Mauna Kea Shadow Play<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080301.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8juBT1enhI/AAAAAAAAF5U/zDAb0kunD00/s400/2008-03-01.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645878306872850" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Alex Mukensnable<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 86 B.C.E. - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army, enters in Athens, removing the tyrant Aristion who was supported by troops of Mithridates VI of Pontus.<br /><br />● 1 B.C.E. - Start of revised Julian calendar in Rome<br /><br />● 286 - Roman Emperor Diocletian raises Maximian to the rank of Caesar.<br /><br />● 293 - Roman Emperors Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesares, thus beginning the Tetrarchy.<br /><br />● 317 - Crispus and Constantine II, sons of Roman Emperor Constantine I, and Licinius iunior, son of Emperor Licinius, are made Caesares<br /><br />● 492 - St. Felix III ends his reign as Catholic Pope<br /><br />● 492 - St. Gelasius I begins his reign as Catholic Pope<br /><br />● 589 - Saint David, patron saint of Wales, dies.<br /><br />● 705 - John VII begins his reign as Catholic Pope<br /><br />● 743 - Slave export by Christians to heathen areas prohibited<br /><br />● 918 - Balderik becomes bishop of Utrecht<br /><br />● 1260 - Hulagu Khan, grandson of Genghis, conquerors Damascus<br /><br />● 1382 - French Maillotin uprises against taxes<br /><br />● 1420 - Pope Martinus I calls for crusade against the hussieten<br /><br />● 1457 - The Unitas Fratrum is established in the village of Kunvald, on the Bohemian-Moravian borderland. It is to date the second oldest Protestant denomination.<br /><br />● 1498 - Vasco de Gama landed at what is now Mozambique on his way to India.<br /><br />● 1562 - Over 1,000 Huguenots are massacred by Catholics in Wassy, France marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.<br /><br />● 1565 - The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded by Spanish occupier Estacio de Sá.<br /><br />● 1587 - English parliament leader Peter Wentworth confined in London Tower<br /><br />● 1591 - Pope Gregory XIV threatens to excommunicate French King Henri IV<br /><br />● 1593 - The Uppsala Synod is summoned to confirm the exact forms of the Lutheran Church of Sweden.<br /><br />● 1628 - Writs are issued in February by Charles I of England that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date.<br /><br />● 1633 - On his deathbed, English poet and clergyman George Herbert, 39, uttered these last words: 'I shall be free from sin and all the temptations and anxieties that attend it...I shall dwell... where these eyes shall see my Master and Savior.'<br /><br />● 1633 - Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France on behalf of Cardinal Richelieu.<br /><br />● 1634 - Battle at Smolensk; Polish King Wladyslaw IV beats Russians<br /><br />● 1642 - Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine) becomes the first incorporated city in the USA.<br /><br />● 1692 - The Salem Witch Trials in the Massachusetts colony officially began with the conviction of Rev. Samuel Parris' West Indian slave, Tituba, for witchcraft.<br /><br />● 1700 - Sweden introduces its own Swedish calendar, in an attempt to gradually merge into the Gregorian calendar, reverts to the Julian calendar on this date in 1712, and introduces the Gregorian Calendar on this date in 1753.<br /><br />● 1780 - Pennsylvania becomes 1st US state to abolish slavery (for newborns only) {Mothers and fathers remaining slaves leave little hope for true freedom for the newborn children.}<br /><br />● 1781 - The Continental Congress adopts the Articles of Confederation.<br /><br />● 1785 - Philadelphia Society for the Promotion of Agriculture organized<br /><br />● 1790 - First U.S. Census count includes slave and free Negroes. Indians were not included. {Of course, slaves only count as three-fifths of a person as per the Constitution.}<br /><br />● 1792 - US Presidential Succession Act passed<br /><br />● 1796 - 1st National Meeting in the Hague<br /><br />● 1803 - Ohio is admitted as the 17th U.S. state.<br /><br />● 1805 - Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial by the U.S. Senate.<br /><br />● 1809 - Embargo Act of 1807 repealed & Non-Intercourse Act signed<br /><br />● 1810 - Georgetown College was chartered in Washington, D.C., making it the first Roman Catholic institution of higher learning established in the United States.<br /><br />● 1810 - Sweden became the first country to appoint an Ombudsman, Lars August Mannerheim.<br /><br />● 1811 - French Civil Code of Criminal law accepted by Netherlands Mamelukes in Cairo's Citadel<br /><br />● 1811 - Leaders of the Mameluke dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali.<br /><br />● 1815 - Napoleon returned to France from the island of Elba. He had been forced to abdicate in April of 1814.<br /><br />● 1815 - Sunday observance in Netherlands regulated by law<br /><br />● 1836 - A Convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.<br /><br />● 1840 - Adolphe Thiers becomes prime minister of France.<br /><br />● 1845 - President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.<br /><br />● 1847 - Michigan becomes 1st English-speaking jurisdiction to abolish the death penalty (except for treason against the state)<br /><br />● 1852 - Archibald William Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.<br /><br />● 1854 - German psychologist Friedrich Eduard Beneke disappears; two years later his remains are found in a canal near Charlottenburg.<br /><br />● 1854 - SS City of Glasgow leaves Liverpool harbor & is never seen again<br /><br />● 1859 - Present seal of San Francisco adopted (its 2nd)<br /><br />● 1862 - Prussia formally recognized the Kingdom of Italy.<br /><br />● 1864 - Bebecca Lee of Boston, MA, becomes first African-American woman to gain a medical degree.<br /><br />● 1864 - Louis Ducos de Hauron patented a machine for taking and projecting motion pictures. The machine was never built.<br /><br />● 1866 - Paraguayan canoes sink 2 Brazilian ironclads on Rio Parana<br /><br />● 1867 - Howard University, Washington DC, chartered<br /><br />● 1867 - Most of Nebraska becomes 37th US state (expanded later); Lancaster, Nebraska is renamed Lincoln and becomes the state capital.<br /><br />● 1869 - Postage stamps showing scenes are issued for 1st time<br /><br />● 1870 - Anarchists Costa and Bakunin issue first revolutionary bulletin in Italy.<br /><br />● 1871 - J Milton Turner named minister to Liberia<br /><br />● 1872 - Congress gives African Americans the right to serve on juries and occupy public places. In the wake of the Civil War, black men have been able to vote and hold elected office. But because African Americans remain dependent on whites for work, these rights often are denied by force. Southern whites are beginning to use their economic power and form terrorist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan, and many northern politicians say stabilizing the South requires a return to white supremacy. It is only a matter of time before they reduce blacks again to near slavery.<br /><br />● 1872 - Yellowstone becomes world's first national park.<br /><br />● 1873 - E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York start production of the first practical typewriter.<br /><br />● 1873 - Henry Comstock discovers the Comstock Lode in Virginia City, Nevada.<br /><br />● 1875 - Civil Rights Bill enacted by U.S. Congress gives blacks the rights to equal treatment in public places and transport. Declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1883 saying Congress overstepped its authority. {Current libertarians and "strict constitutionalists" make same argument about current civil rights laws; so far there are not enough NeoCons on the Supreme Court to make Jim Crow legal again.}<br /><br />● 1876 - Guernsey Cattle Club forms (Farmington CT)<br /><br />● 1877 - Birth of Milly Witkop Rocker (1877-1955), Ukraine. Exiled to London, she was an activist in the Jewish anarchist movement among the Lower Eastside sweatshop workers. In 1916 she was sentenced to two years in prison for antiwar activities, and in 1918 went to Germany, where Milly organized women workers. In 1933, with the Nazi burning of the Reichstag they were forced to the U.S., where they continued to fight and organize, and were prominent supporters of the revolution in Spain.<br /><br />● 1879 - Library of Hawaii founded<br /><br />● 1886 - Anglo-Chinese School, Singapore is founded by Bishop William Oldham.<br /><br />● 1893 - Diplomatic Appropriation Act, authorizes the US rank of ambassador<br /><br />● 1896 - Battle of Adowa: an Ethiopian army defeats an outnumbered Italian force, ending the First Italo–Ethiopian War.<br /><br />● 1896 - Henri Becquerel discovers radioactivity.<br /><br />● 1896 - Italy - On the island of Tremiti, confrontations take place with the police, who kill the anarchist Argante Salucci and wound 10 companions.<br /><br />● 1900 - In South Africa, Ladysmith was relieved by British troops after being under siege by the Boers for more than four months.<br /><br />● 1907 - In New York, the Salvation Army opened an anti-suicide bureau.<br /><br />● 1907 - In Odessa, Russia, there were only about 15,000 Jews left due to evacuations.<br /><br />● 1907 - In Spain, a royal decree abolished civil marriages.<br /><br />● 1907 - Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) strike Portland, Oregon sawmills.<br /><br />● 1909 - 1st US university school of nursing established, University of Minnesota<br /><br />● 1910 - The first issue of "The Evening Light and Church of God Evangel" was published in Cleveland, Tennessee. A. J. Tomlinson, the publishing editor, was an instrumental figure in the history of the Church of God (also headquartered today in Cleveland, Tennessee).<br /><br />● 1910 - Three passenger trains buried at Stevens Pass in Cascade Range, Washington; 118 die. Worst snowslide in U.S. history.<br /><br />● 1911 - Jose Ordonez was elected President of Uraguay.<br /><br />● 1912 - Albert Berry makes the first parachute jump from a moving airplane.<br /><br />● 1912 - Coal strike that began days before in Derbyshire, England becomes a general, nationwide strike.<br /><br />● 1912 - Isabella Goodwin, 1st US woman detective, appointed, New York NY<br /><br />● 1913 - 1st state law requiring bonding of officers & state employees, North Dakota<br /><br />● 1913 - Federal income tax takes effect (16th amendment)<br /><br />● 1914 - Birth of Ralph Ellison, Oklahoma City, Okla. Best known and only published novel "Invisible Man" (1952) tells a story of a black man who retires in a basement to solve his relationship with American society. {Book remains on enlightened high school reading lists.}<br /><br />● 1914 - The Republic of China joins the Universal Postal Union.<br /><br />● 1916 - Germany begins attacking ships in the Atlantic<br /><br />● 1917 - 1st federal land bank chartered<br /><br />● 1917 - Birth of Robert Lowell, American poet, WWII conscientious objector, Boston, Massachusetts.<br /><br />● 1917 - U.S. government releases the plaintext of the Zimmermann Telegram {Germans had offered old Mexican territories in the US if Mexico were to enter WWI on the German side.} to the public.<br /><br />● 1918 - German submarine U-19 sinks HMS Calgarian off Rathlin Island.<br /><br />● 1919 - March 1st Movement begins in Korea.<br /><br />● 1920 - Austria becomes a kingdom again, under Admiral Horthy<br /><br />● 1921 - Russia - From March 1-17, the old Bolshevik stronghold of Kronstadt rises demanding free election to the Soviets -- but is slandered and brutally suppressed upon the orders of Lenin and Trotsky. Today the Kronstadt naval base on Kotlin Island, some 25 miles off-shore from Petrograd, adopts a 15- point program of political and economic demands -- a program in open defiance of the Bolshevik Party's control of the Soviet state. Less than three weeks later, on March 17, Kronstadt was subdued in a bloody assault by select Red Army units.<br /><br />● 1921 - Rwanda ceded to England<br /><br />● 1922 - Yitzhak Rabin, the Israeli prime minister who worked for peace with Palestinian and Arab neighbors, was born.<br /><br />● 1923 - Allies occupy Ruhrgebied; killing railroad striker<br /><br />● 1924 - Germany's prohibition of Communist Party KPD lifted<br /><br />● 1927 - Bank of Italy becomes a National Bank<br /><br />● 1932 - Librado Rivera dies from complications following a car accident. Mexican anarchist, a school principal, then a professor, companion in the fight waged by the Magon brothers, Enrique and Flores. His libertarian ideals landed him in jail numerous times; in May 1905 Rivera went into exile in the U.S. Several times jailed and threatened with expulsion. Finally sentenced to 15 years of forced labor. Rivera was released in 1923 and extradited to Mexico.<br /><br />● 1932 - The son of Charles Lindbergh, Charles Augustus Lindbergh III, is kidnapped.<br /><br />● 1933 - Bank holidays declared in 6 states, to prevent run on banks<br /><br />● 1934 - Henry Pu Yi crowned emperor Kang Teh of Manchuria<br /><br />● 1936 - A strike occurs aboard the S.S. California, leading to the demise of the International Seamen's Union and the creation of the National Maritime Union.<br /><br />● 1936 - Hoover Dam is completed.<br /><br />● 1937 - 1st permanent automobile license plates issued (Connecticut)<br /><br />● 1937 - US Steel raises workers' wages to $5 a day<br /><br />● 1941 - Himmler inspects Auschwitz concentration camp<br /><br />● 1941 - W47NV (now known as WSM-FM) begins operations in Nashville, Tennessee becoming the first FM radio station in the U.S..<br /><br />● 1941 - World War II: Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact, allying itself with the Axis powers.<br /><br />● 1942 - 3 day Battle of Java Sea ends, US suffers a major naval defeat<br /><br />● 1942 - Japanese troops occupy Kalidjati airport in Java<br /><br />● 1942 - Suriname camp for NSB people opens to save Jews<br /><br />● 1942 - Tito establishes 2nd Proletarit Brigade in Bosnia<br /><br />● 1943 - Huge rally calls on U.S. government to reconsider its refusal to offer sanctuary to Jewish refugees of Nazi Germany. Madison Square, New York City.<br /><br />● 1943 - Jewish old age home for disabled in Amsterdam raided<br /><br />● 1943 - World War II: Battle of Bismarck Sea begins.<br /><br />● 1944 - Massive strikes in Northern Italian towns<br /><br />● 1944 - U-358 sinks in Atlantic<br /><br />● 1945 - British 43rd Division under General Essame occupies Xanten<br /><br />● 1945 - Chinese 30th division occupies Hsenwi<br /><br />● 1945 - FDR announces success of Yalta Conference<br /><br />● 1945 - Fieldmarshal Kesselring succeeds von Rundstedt as commander<br /><br />● 1945 - US infantry regiment captures Mönchengladbach<br /><br />● 1946 - Panamá accepts its new constitution<br /><br />● 1946 - The Bank of England is nationalised.<br /><br />● 1947 - Chinese Premier T. V. Soong resigned.<br /><br />● 1947 - The International Monetary Fund begins financial operations.<br /><br />● 1949 - Indonesia seizes Yogyakarta from the Dutch.<br /><br />● 1950 - Chiang Kai-shek resumed the Presidency of National China on Formosa<br /><br />● 1950 - Cold War: Communist spy jailed for 14 years; Nuclear scientist Klaus Fuchs is sentenced to 14 years imprisonment for espionage.<br /><br />● 1950 - USSR issues golden rubles<br /><br />● 1951 - Spain - Public transport boycott, prelude to the first strike wave under Franco.<br /><br />● 1952 - Egyptian government-Ali Maher Pasja resigns<br /><br />● 1952 - Helgoland, in North Sea, returned to West Germany by Britain<br /><br />● 1953 - Joseph Stalin collapses, having suffered a stroke. He dies four days later.<br /><br />● 1954 - Five Congressmen shot on the floor of the House by four Puerto Rican Nationalists who fired at random from the spectator's gallery.<br /><br />● 1954 - Nuclear testing: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States with over 7,000 square miles contaminated as well as many local residents and Japanese fishermen.<br /><br />● 1954 - Rebellion during visit of President Naguib in Khartoum Sudan, 30 die<br /><br />● 1955 - Israeli assault on Gaza, kills 48<br /><br />● 1956 - The International Air Transport Association finalizes a draft of the Radiotelephony spelling alphabet for the International Civil Aviation Organization.<br /><br />● 1958 - Samuel Alphonsus Stritch, is appointed Pro-Prefect of the Propagation of Faith and thus becomes the first American member of the Roman Curia.<br /><br />● 1959 - Archbishop Makarios returns to Cyprus after 3 years<br /><br />● 1961 - President of the United States John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps.<br /><br />● 1961 - Uganda becomes self-governing and holds its first elections.<br /><br />● 1962 - American Airlines 707 plunges nose 1st into Jamaica Bay NY killing 95<br /><br />● 1962 - Pakistan announced that it had a new constitution that set up a presidential system of government.<br /><br />● 1962 - US/British nuclear test experiment in Nevada<br /><br />● 1963 - 200,000 French mine workers strike<br /><br />● 1965 - Gas explosion kills 28 in apartment complex (La Salle Québec Canada)<br /><br />● 1966 - Britain to go decimal in 1971; Chancellor of the Exchequer James Callaghan confirms the "historic and momentous" decision to change over to decimal coinage.<br /><br />● 1966 - Ghana ordered all Soviet, East German and Chinese technicians to leave the country.<br /><br />● 1966 - Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth wrote in a letter: If Jesus is and does what we read in 1 John 2:2, then He prays for all men: for those who already pray and for those who do not yet pray.'<br /><br />● 1966 - The Ba'ath Party takes power in Syria.<br /><br />● 1966 - Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.<br /><br />● 1967 - Dominica & St Lucia gain independence from Britain<br /><br />● 1967 - House of Representatives expels Representative Adam Clayton Powell Jr. D-NY (307 to 116) after he is cited for contempt of court for refusing to pay damages in a lawsuit. He is re-elected without campaigning the following month.<br /><br />● 1968 - Chicana Welfare Rights Organization is formed, with Alicia Escalante as director.<br /><br />● 1968 - Political Party Radikalen (PPR) established in Netherlands<br /><br />● 1968 - Vatican City's Apostolic Constitution of 1967 goes into effect<br /><br />● 1970 - End of US commercial {admitted and sanctioned} whale hunting<br /><br />● 1970 - Kreisky's social-democrats win Austrian parliamentary election<br /><br />● 1970 - White government of Rhodesia declares independence from Britain<br /><br />● 1971 - A bomb planted by the Weather Underground explodes in a U.S. Capitol restroom, "in retaliation for the Laos decision."<br /><br />● 1971 - At Miami's Dinner Key Auditorium, Jim Morrison of the Doors is arrested for allegedly exposing his penis during the show. Morrison is officially charged with lewd and lascivious behavior, indecent behavior, open profanity and public drunkenness.<br /><br />● 1971 - Pakistani President Yahya Khan indefinitely postpones the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.<br /><br />● 1971 - Workers down tools over union rights; Hundreds of thousands of workers across Britain take part in an unofficial day of protest against the government's new industrial relations Bill.<br /><br />● 1972 - The Thai province of Yasothon is created after being split off from the Ubon Ratchathani province.<br /><br />● 1973 - Black September terrorists storm the Saudi embassy in Khartoum, Sudan resulting in the 1973 Khartoum diplomatic assassinations.<br /><br />● 1974 - Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice. Among the seven were former Nixon White House aides H.R. Haldeman and John D. Ehrlichman and former Attorney General John Mitchell.<br /><br />● 1975 - Colour television transmissions begin in Australia.<br /><br />● 1976 - Bradford Bishop bludgeoned his mother, spouse and three children to death and is still at large.<br /><br />● 1977 - Death of Haghard Jonassen, co-founder of AMK.<br /><br />● 1977 - US extends territorial waters to 200 miles<br /><br />● 1978 - Charlie Chaplin's coffin is stolen from a Swiss cemetery. {Charlie didn't see the need to comment.}<br /><br />● 1980 - CTUC, Commonwealth Trade Union Council, established<br /><br />● 1980 - Snow falls in Florida<br /><br />● 1980 - Voyager 1 probe confirms that Janus (moon of Saturn) exists.<br /><br />● 1981 - Bobby Sands, IRA member, begins 65-day hunger strike in Maze Prison (he dies)<br /><br />● 1982 - 5 die as ski lift malfunctions a Lúz-Ardiden in Pyrenees<br /><br />● 1982 - Russian spacecraft Venera 14 lands on Venus, sends back data<br /><br />● 1983 - Tornado tears through Louisiana, injuring 33 people<br /><br />● 1984 - NASA launches Landsat-D Prime (Landsat 5) to thematic map the Earth<br /><br />● 1984 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR<br /><br />● 1985 - Pentagon accepts theory that atomic war would cause a nuclear winter {Some later think this could cure global warming.}<br /><br />● 1986 - Start of Great Peace March for global nuclear disarmament, Los Angeles.<br /><br />● 1988 - Iraq says it launched 16 missiles into Tehran<br /><br />● 1988 - Soviet troops were sent into Azerbaijan after ethnic riots between Armenians and Azerbaijanis.<br /><br />● 1989 - Comet du Toit at perihelion<br /><br />● 1989 - In Washington, DC, Mayor Barry and the City council imposed a curfew on minors.<br /><br />● 1989 - The United States becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.<br /><br />● 1990 - Benin nullifies its constitution<br /><br />● 1990 - In Cairo, 16 people were killed in a fire at the Sheraton Hotel.<br /><br />● 1990 - Luis Alberto Lacelle sworn in as President of Uruguay<br /><br />● 1990 - Secrets act gags whistleblowers; Whistleblowers and journalists will, from today, risk criminal prosecution if they reveal information viewed as damaging to the defence of the UK.<br /><br />● 1990 - Steve Jackson Games is raided by the United States Secret Service, prompting the later formation of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.<br /><br />● 1990 - The Seabrook, NH, nuclear power plant won federal permission to go on line after two decades of protests and legal struggles.<br /><br />● 1991 - US Embassy in Kuwait officially reopens<br /><br />● 1991 - Women for Peace protest against militarism, Belgrade and Ljubljana, Yugoslavia.<br /><br />● 1992 - Bosnia and Herzegovina declares its independence from Yugoslavia.<br /><br />● 1992 - Bosnian Serb snipers fired upon civilians after a majority of the Moslem and Croatian communities voted in favor of Bosnia's independence.<br /><br />● 1992 - King Fahd of Saudi Arabia announced major political reforms that ceded some powers after 10 years of disciplined rule.<br /><br />● 1992 - Sen. Brock Adams, D-Wash., abandoned his re-election campaign after eight women accused him in a Seattle Times report of sexual abuse and harassment.<br /><br />● 1993 - Authorities in Waco TX negotiate with Branch Davidians<br /><br />● 1993 - The U.S. government announced that the number of food stamp recipients had reached a record number of 26.6 million.<br /><br />● 1994 - Israel released about 500 Arab prisoners in an effort to placate Palestinians over the Hebron massacre.<br /><br />● 1994 - Martti Ahtisaari inaugurated as President of Finland<br /><br />● 1994 - Senate rejects a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution<br /><br />● 1994 - West charged as death toll mounts; Fred West is charged with two further murders following the discovery of more human remains in the garden of his Gloucester home.<br /><br />● 1995 - Belgium ends military conscription<br /><br />● 1995 - Julio María Sanguinetti sworn in as President of Uruguay<br /><br />● 1995 - Polish Prime Minister Waldemar Pawlak resigns from parliament and is replaced by ex-communist Józef Oleksy.<br /><br />● 1995 - The European Parliament rejected legislation that would have allowed biotechnology companies to patent new life forms.<br /><br />● 1995 - Ukraine premier Vitaly Massol, resigns<br /><br />● 1997 - Fifteen thousand demonstrate in Lunesburg, Germany, against shipment of French nuclear waste to site in Gorleben. Over the next several days hundreds of thousands would participate in demonstrations and direct actions along the shipping route.<br /><br />● 1999 - In Uganda, eight tourists were brutally murdered by Hutu rebels. {I've always wondered when murder isn't brutal.}<br /><br />● 1999 - The Angolan Embassy in Lusaka, Zambia, exploded. Four other bombs went off in the capital.<br /><br />● 2000 - Hans Blix assumes the position of Executive Chairman of UNMOVIC.<br /><br />● 2000 - The Constitution of Finland is rewritten.<br /><br />● 2002 - Operation Anaconda began in eastern Afghanistan. Allied forces were fighting against Taliban and Al Quaida fighters.<br /><br />● 2002 - Space Shuttle Columbia lifts off for mission STS-109, its final successful mission.<br /><br />● 2002 - The Envisat environmental satellite successfully reaches an orbit 800 kilometers (500 miles) above the Earth on its 11th launch, carrying the heaviest payload to date at 8500 kilograms (9.5 tons).<br /><br />● 2002 - The Peseta is discontinued as official currency of Spain and is replaced with the euro (€).<br /><br />● 2003 - In New York, a $250,000 Salvador Dali sketch was stolen from a display case in the lobby at Rikers Island jail. On June 17, 2003, it was announced that four corrections officers had surrendered and plead innocent in connection to the theft. The mixed-media composition was a sketch of the crucifixion. {What the hell is a valuable piece of art doing at a jail to begin with?}<br /><br />● 2003 - In the U.S., approximately 180,000 personnel from 22 different organizations around the government became part of the Department of Homeland Security. This completed the largest government reorganization since the beginning of the Cold War.<br /><br />● 2003 - Suspected Sept. 11 mastermind Khalid Shaikh Mohammed was captured by CIA and Pakistani agents near Islamabad.<br /><br />● 2004 - Mohammed Bahr al-Uloum becomes President of Iraq.<br /><br />● 2004 - Punycode adopted by the national registrars of Germany, Austria and Switzerland.<br /><br />● 2004 - Terry Nichols is convicted of state murder charges and being an accomplice to Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh.<br /><br />● 2005 - A closely divided Supreme Court outlawed the death penalty for juvenile criminals.<br /><br />● 2005 - Dennis Rader, the churchgoing family man accused of leading a double life as the BTK serial killer, was charged in Wichita, Kan., with 10 counts of first-degree murder. (Rader later pleaded guilty and received multiple life sentences.).<br /><br />● 2006 - English-language Wikipedia reaches its one millionth article, Jordanhill railway station.<br /><br />● 2006 - Queen Elizabeth II officially opens the new debating chamber for the National Assembly for Wales in Cardiff, a milestone in devolution.<br /><br />● 2006 - Tarja Halonen is inaugurated as president of Finland for the second and last time.<br /><br />● 2006 - The first confirmed case of H5N1 bird flu virus in Switzerland, a dead swan on Lake Geneva, near the city of Geneva.<br /><br />● 2007 - "Squatters" are evicted from Ungdomshuset in Copenhagen, Denmark, provoking the March 2007 Denmark Riots.<br /><br />● 2007 - Tornadoes swarm across the southern United States, killing at least 20; eight of the deaths were at a high school in Enterprise, Alabama.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 40 - Martial, Latin poet (d. 102)<br /><br />● 1389 - Antoninus, Italian Archbishop of Florence (d. 1459)<br /><br />● 1432 - Isabel of Coimbra, queen of Portugal (d. 1455)<br /><br />● 1445 - Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter (d. 1510)<br /><br />● 1456 - King Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary (d. 1516)<br /><br />● 1474 - Angela Merici, Italian nun (d. 1540)<br /><br />● 1547 - Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher (d. 1628)<br /><br />● 1597 - Jean-Charles de la Faille, Belgian mathematician (d. 1652)<br /><br />● 1610 - John Pell, English mathematician (d. 1685)<br /><br />● 1644 - Simon Foucher, French ecclesiastic philosopher (d. 1696)<br /><br />● 1657 - Samuel Werenfels, Swiss theologian (d. 1740)<br /><br />● 1683 - Caroline of Ansbach, wife of George II of Great Britain (d. 1737)<br /><br />● 1732 - William Maxwell Cushing, 2nd (confirmed) Chief Justice of the United States. (d. 1810)<br /><br />● 1760 - François Nicolas Leonard Buzot, French revolutionary (d. 1794)<br /><br />● 1769 - François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers, French general (d. 1796)<br /><br />● 1807 - Wilford Woodruff, fourth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1898)<br /><br />● 1810 - Frédéric Chopin, Polish-French composer and pianist (d. 1849)<br /><br />● 1812 - Augustus Pugin, English-born architect (d. 1852)<br /><br />● 1817 - Giovanni Duprè, Italian sculptor (d. 1882)<br /><br />● 1821 - Joseph Hubert Reinkens, German Catholic bishop (d. 1896)<br /><br />● 1837 - William Dean Howells, American writer, historian, and politician (d. 1920)<br /><br />● 1842 - Nicholaos Gysis, Greek painter (d. 1901)<br /><br />● 1848 - Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Irish-born American sculptor (d. 1907)<br /><br />● 1852 - Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (d. 1923)<br /><br />● 1858 - Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (d. 1918)<br /><br />● 1863 - Alexander Golovin, Russian painter (d. 1930)<br /><br />● 1865 - Abe Iso, Japanese politician (d. 1949)<br /><br />● 1871 - Ben Harney, American composer and ragtime pianist (d. 1938)<br /><br />● 1876 - Henri de Baillet-Latour, Belgian IOC president (d. 1942)<br /><br />● 1880 - Giles Lytton Strachey British writer (d. 1932)<br /><br />● 1886 - Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian painter and poet (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1888 - Ewart Astill, English cricketer (d. 1948)<br /><br />● 1889 - Watsuji Tetsuro, Japanese philosopher (d. 1960)<br /><br />● 1892 - Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Japanese writer (d. 1927)<br /><br />● 1893 - Mercedes de Acosta, American socialite (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1896 - Dimitris Mitropoulos, Greek conductor and composer (d. 1960)<br /><br />● 1896 - Moriz Seeler, German writer and producer (d. 1942)<br /><br />● 1899 - Erich von dem Bach, Nazi official (d. 1972)<br /><br />● 1901 - Pietro Spiggia, Italian poet<br /><br />● 1904 - Glenn Miller, American bandleader (d. 1944)<br /><br />● 1904 - Paul Hartman, American actor (d. 1973)<br /><br />● 1905 - Doris Hare, Welsh actress (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1910 - Archer John Porter Martin, English chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1910 - David Niven, English actor (d. 1983)<br /><br />● 1912 - Gerald Emmett Cardinal Carter, archbishop of Toronto (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1914 - Harry Caray, American sportscaster (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1914 - Ralph Ellison, American writer (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1917 - Robert Lowell, American poet (d. 1977)<br /><br />● 1918 - Gladys Noon Spellman, American politician (d. 1988)<br /><br />● 1918 - João Goulart, President of Brazil (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1918 - Roger Delgado, English actor (d. 1973)<br /><br />● 1920 - Howard Nemerov, American poet (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1920 - Max Bentley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1921 - Richard Wilbur, American poet<br /><br />● 1921 - Terence Cardinal Cooke, American Catholic archbishop (d. 1983)<br /><br />● 1922 - William Gaines, American publisher ("Mad Magazine") (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1922 - Yitzhak Rabin, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1923 - Kuczka Péter, Hungarian writer and editor (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1924 - Deke Slayton, American astronaut (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1926 - Alvin "Pete" Rozelle, commissioner of American football (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1926 - Cesare Danova, Italian-born American actor (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1926 - Robert Clary, French actor (''Hogan's Heroes'')<br /><br />● 1927 - Harry Belafonte, American musician and activist<br /><br />● 1927 - Robert H. Bork, Former U.S. solicitor general and rejected Supreme Court nominee {and general NeoCon idiot}<br /><br />● 1928 - Dr. Seymour Papert, South African mathematician and artificial intelligence researcher<br /><br />● 1928 - Jacques Rivette, French film director<br /><br />● 1928 - Seymour Papert, South African mathematician<br /><br />● 1929 - Georgi Markov, Bulgarian dissident (d. 1978)<br /><br />● 1930 - Gastone Nencini, Italian cyclist (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1935 - Robert Conrad, American actor<br /><br />● 1936 - Jean-Edern Hallier, French author (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1936 - Monique Bégin, French-Canadian politician<br /><br />● 1937 - Jed Allan, American actor<br /><br />● 1939 - Leo Brouwer, Cuban composer and guitarist<br /><br />● 1940 - Robert Grossman, American illustrator<br /><br />● 1942 - Richard Bowman Myers, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff<br /><br />● 1943 - Akinori Nakayama, Japanese gymnast<br /><br />● 1943 - Gil Amelio, American venture capitalist<br /><br />● 1943 - José Ángel Iribar, Spanish footballer<br /><br />● 1943 - Rashid Sunyaev, Russian physicist<br /><br />● 1943 - Richard H. Price, American physicist<br /><br />● 1944 - John Breaux, U.S. Senator from Louisiana<br /><br />● 1944 - Mike d'Abo, English singer (Manfred Mann)<br /><br />● 1944 - Roger Daltrey, English musician (The Who)<br /><br />● 1945 - Dirk Benedict, American actor<br /><br />● 1946 - Elvin Bethea, American football player<br /><br />● 1946 - Gerry Boulet, French-Canadian singer (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1946 - Lana Wood, American actress<br /><br />● 1947 - Alan Thicke, Canadian actor and songwriter ("Growing Pains")<br /><br />● 1948 - Burning Spear, Jamaican singer and musician<br /><br />● 1952 - Leigh Matthews, Australian rules footballer<br /><br />● 1952 - Martin O'Neill, Northern Irish footballer and manager<br /><br />● 1952 - Steven Barnes, American writer<br /><br />● 1953 - Richard Bruton, Irish politician and economist<br /><br />● 1954 - Catherine Bach, American actress (''The Dukes of Hazzard'')<br /><br />● 1954 - Ron Howard, American actor and director<br /><br />● 1956 - Timothy Daly, American actor ("Wings")<br /><br />● 1957 - Jon Carroll, Singer-musician<br /><br />● 1958 - Bertrand Piccard, Swiss balloonist and psychiatrist<br /><br />● 1958 - Chosei Komatsu, Japanese conductor<br /><br />● 1960 - William Bennett, English musician (Whitehouse)<br /><br />● 1962 - Bill Leen, Rock musician<br /><br />● 1963 - Dan Michaels, American musician and record producer<br /><br />● 1963 - Rob Affuso, American drummer<br /><br />● 1963 - Ron Francis, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1963 - Russell Wong, Actor<br /><br />● 1963 - Thomas Anders, German singer (Modern Talking)<br /><br />● 1964 - Clinton Gregory, American musician<br /><br />● 1964 - Paul Le Guen, French football manager<br /><br />● 1965 - Booker Huffman, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1965 - Mary Lou Lord, American singer/songwriter<br /><br />● 1965 - Stewart Elliott, Canadian jockey<br /><br />● 1966 - John David Cullum, Actor<br /><br />● 1966 - Susan Auch, Canadian speed-skater<br /><br />● 1967 - Aron Winter, Dutch footballer<br /><br />● 1967 - George Eads, American actor ("CSI")<br /><br />● 1967 - Yelena Afanasyeva, Russian athlete<br /><br />● 1969 - Dafydd Ieuan, Welsh drummer (Super Furry Animals)<br /><br />● 1969 - Doug Creek, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1969 - Javier Bardem, Spanish actor<br /><br />● 1969 - Litefoot, Native American rapper<br /><br />● 1970 - Shaun Pollock, South African cricketer<br /><br />● 1971 - Tyler Hamilton, American cyclist<br /><br />● 1973 - Carlo Resoort, Dutch DJ<br /><br />● 1973 - Chris Webber, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1973 - Ryan Peake, Canadian guitarist (Nickelback)<br /><br />● 1974 - Mark-Paul Gosselaar, American actor<br /><br />● 1974 - Stephen Davis, American football player<br /><br />● 1976 - Peter F. Bell, Australian rules footballer<br /><br />● 1977 - Esther Cañadas, Spanish actress and supermodel<br /><br />● 1977 - Rens Blom, Dutch athlete<br /><br />● 1978 - Alicia Leigh Willis, American actress<br /><br />● 1978 - Donovan Patton, Guamanian television star (''Blues Clues'')<br /><br />● 1978 - Jensen Ackles, American actor<br /><br />● 1980 - Abdur Rehman, Pakistani cricketer<br /><br />● 1980 - Djimi Traoré, Malian footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Shahid Afridi, Pakistani cricketer<br /><br />● 1981 - Adam LaVorgna, American actor<br /><br />● 1981 - Ana Hickmann, Brazilian supermodel<br /><br />● 1981 - Brad Winchester, American ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1981 - Sean Woolstenhulme, Rock musician<br /><br />● 1981 - Will Power, Australian racing driver<br /><br />● 1983 - Blake Hawksworth, Canadian baseball player<br /><br />● 1983 - Chris Hackett, English footballer<br /><br />● 1983 - Daniel Carvalho, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1983 - Elan Sara DeFan, Mexican singer-songwriter<br /><br />● 1984 - Alexander Steen, Canadian-born Swedish ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1984 - Naima Mora, American model<br /><br />● 1985 - Andreas Ottl, German footballer<br /><br />● 1985 - J Leman, American Football Player<br /><br />● 1986 - Jonathan Spector, American soccer player<br /><br />● 1987 - Sammie, American singer<br /><br />● 1988 - Katija Pevec, American actress<br /><br />● 1989 - Carlos Vela, Mexican footballer<br /><br />● 1989 - Sonya Kitchell, American singer<br /><br />● 1990 - Harry Eden, English actor<br /><br />● 1990 - Nikolas Tsattalios, Australian soccer player</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 589 - Saint David, Patron Saint of Wales (b. 500)<br /><br />● 986 - King Lothair of France (b. 941)<br /><br />● 1131 - King Stephen II of Hungary (b. 1101)<br /><br />● 1233 - Count Thomas I of Savoy (b. 1178)<br /><br />● 1244 - Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr, son of Llywelyn the Great (b. 1200)<br /><br />● 1383 - Amadeus VI of Savoy (b. 1334)<br /><br />● 1510 - Francisco de Almeida, Portuguese soldier and explorer<br /><br />● 1536 - Bernardo Accolti, Italian poet (b. 1465)<br /><br />● 1546 - George Wishart, Scottish religious reformer (martyred) (b 1513)<br /><br />● 1620 - Thomas Campion, English poet and composer (b. 1567)<br /><br />● 1633 - George Herbert, English poet and orator (b. 1593)<br /><br />● 1643 - Girolamo Frescobaldi, Italian composer (b. 1583)<br /><br />● 1661 - Richard Zouch, English jurist (b. 1590)<br /><br />● 1697 - Francesco Redi, Italian physician (b. 1626)<br /><br />● 1706 - Heino Heinrich Graf von Flemming, German field marshal and Governor of Berlin (b. 1632)<br /><br />● 1734 - Roger North, English biographer (b. 1653)<br /><br />● 1757 - Edward Moore, English writer (b. 1712)<br /><br />● 1768 - Hermann Samuel Reimarus, German philosopher and writer (b. 1694)<br /><br />● 1773 - Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian architect (b. 1700)<br /><br />● 1777 - Georg Christoph Wagenseil, Austrian composer (b. 1715)<br /><br />● 1792 - Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1747)<br /><br />● 1841 - Claude Victor-Perrin, duc de Belluno, French marshal (b. 1764)<br /><br />● 1862 - Peter Barlow, English mathematician (b. 1776)<br /><br />● 1875 - Tristan Corbière, French poet (b. 1845)<br /><br />● 1879 - Joachim Heer, Swiss politician (b. 1825)<br /><br />● 1884 - Isaac Todhunter, English mathematician (b. 1820)<br /><br />● 1898 - George Bruce Malleson, English officer in India, author (b. 1825)<br /><br />● 1906 - José María de Pereda, Spanish novelist (b. 1833)<br /><br />● 1911 - Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)<br /><br />● 1912 - George Grossmith, English actor and comic writer (b. 1847)<br /><br />● 1914 - Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto (b. 1845)<br /><br />● 1920 - John H. Bankhead, U.S. Senator (b. 1842)<br /><br />● 1920 - Joseph Trumpeldor, Russian Zionist (b. 1880)<br /><br />● 1922 - Rafael Moreno Aranzadi, Spanish footballer (b. 1892)<br /><br />● 1929 - Royal H. Weller, American politician (b. 1881)<br /><br />● 1932 - Frank Teschemacher, American jazz clarinettist (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1933 - Uładzimir Zylka, Belarusian poet (b. 1900)<br /><br />● 1936 - Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian writer (b. 1871)<br /><br />● 1938 - Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian writer, war hero, and politician (b. 1863)<br /><br />● 1940 - Anton Hansen Tammsaare, Estonian author (b. 1878)<br /><br />● 1943 - Alexandre Yersin, Swiss physician (b. 1863)<br /><br />● 1952 - Mariano Azuela, Mexican novelist (b. 1873)<br /><br />● 1963 - Irish Meusel, American baseball player (b. 1893)<br /><br />● 1963 - Jorge Daponte, Argentine racing driver (b. 1923)<br /><br />● 1966 - Fritz Houtermans, German physicist (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 1970 - Lucille Hegamin, American singer and entertainer (b. 1894)<br /><br />● 1974 - Bobby Timmons, American jazz pianist (b. 1935)<br /><br />● 1979 - Mustafa Barzani, Kurdish politician (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 1980 - Dixie Dean, English footballer (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1980 - Wilhelmina, high-fashion model and owner of model agency (b. 1940)<br /><br />● 1984 - Jackie Coogan, American actor (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1988 - Joe Besser, American comedian and actor (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1991 - Edwin H. Land, American scientist and inventor (Polaroid Corporation) (b. 1909)<br /><br />● 1995 - Georges J.F. Kohler, German biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1946)<br /><br />● 1995 - Vladislav Listyev, Russian television journalist (b. 1956)<br /><br />● 2000 - Dennis Danell, American guitarist (Social Distortion) (b. 1961)<br /><br />● 2006 - Harry Browne, American politician and author (b. 1933)<br /><br />● 2006 - Jack Wild, English actor (b. 1952)<br /><br />● 2006 - Johnny Jackson, American musician (b. 1951)<br /><br />● 2006 - Peter Osgood, English footballer (b. 1947)<br /><br />● 2006 - Peter Snow, New Zealand doctor<br /><br />● 2007 - Manuel Bento, Portuguese goalkeeper (b. 1948)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Abdalong of Marseilles - informal feast<br />● St. Abdecalas<br />● St. Adrianus<br />● St. Albin<br />● St. Aubin<br />● St. David (National Holiday of Wales)<br />● St. Eudocia<br />● St. Herculaflus<br />● Sts. Hermes and Adrian<br />● St. Leo Luke<br />● St. Leo of Rouen<br />● St. Lupercus<br />● St. Marnock<br />● St. Monan, largely legendary Scottish saint<br />● St. Rudesind<br />● St. Swidbert<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 17 (Civil Date: March 1)<br />● Great-Martyr Theodore the Tyro.<br />● Opening of the Relics of Martyr Menas of Alexandria<br />● St. Mariamne, sister of Apostle Philip.<br />● St. Auxibius, Bishop of Soli in Cyprus.<br />● St. Theodosius the Bulgarian and his disciple St. Romanus, monks.<br />● St. Theodore the Silent of the Kiev Caves.<br />● St. Hermogenes, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia.<br />● New-Martyr Theodore of Byzantium, at Mitylene.<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Emperor Marcian and Pulcheria his wife<br />● Commemoration of the dedication of the Great Church in Constantinople.<br />● Weeping "Tikhvin" Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos on Mt. Athos.<br />● Repose of Elder Agapitus of the Kiev Caves (1887), and Elder Barnabas of the Gethsemane Skete of St. Sergius' Lavra (1906).<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 18 (Civil Date: March 1)<br />● St. Leo the Great, pope of Rome.<br />● St. Flavian the confessor, Patriarch of Constantinople.<br />● St. Agapitus, Bishop of Synnada in Phrygia, and Martyrs Victor, Dorotheus, Theodulus, and Agrippa, who suffered under Licinius.<br />● St. Cosmas, monk of Yakhromsk.<br />● New-Martyr Priest Alexander Medvedsky (1932) and Hieromonk Benjamin (1938).<br />● Commemoration of the New-Martyrs who suffered during the "Holy Night" in Petersburg (1932).<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Martyrs Leo and Parigorius of Patara in Lycia.<br />● Martyr Publius.<br /><br />● Anglican:<br />● St. David, patron Wales<br /><br />● Lutheran:<br />● George Herbert, priest<br /><br />● Bhutan - Buddhist New Years<br /><br />● Bahá'í Faith - Last Day (4 or 5) of Ayyám-i-Há (Intercalary Days) - days in the Bahá'í calendar devoted to service and gift giving.<br /><br />● Roman Empire - Feriae Marti in honor of Mars<br /><br />● Roman Empire - Matronalia in honor of Juno<br /><br />● Roman Empire - New Year<br /><br />● Roman Empire - The sacred fire of Rome was renewed<br /><br />● Bayonna Spain - Pinzon Day<br /><br />● Bosnia and Herzegovina - Independence Day<br /><br />● Bulgaria - Baba Marta, a custom when the Martenitsa is worn for good health and luck symbolizing the beginning of the spring season in Bulgaria.<br /><br />● Engadine, Switzerland : Chalanda Marz/Coming of spring<br /><br />● Iceland - Beer day - This day in 1989 beer was allowed again<br /><br />● Korea - Independence Movement Day (Samiljeol; 삼일절)<br /><br />● Lanark, Lanarkshire Scotland - Whuppity Scoorie Day<br /><br />● Martisor - a seasonal holiday in Romania.<br /><br />● Panamá - Constitution Day (1946)<br /><br />● Paraguay - Heroes' Day/National Defense Day/Memorial Day<br /><br />● Romania - Martisor<br /><br />● Self Injury Awareness Day<br /><br />● Tasmania, Australia - Eight Hours Day<br /><br />● United States Admission Day:<br />● Ohio, 17th state (1803)<br />● Nebraska, 37th state (1867)<br /><br />● Wales - Saint David's Day<br /><br />● Western Australia - Labour day<br /><br />● World Civil Defense Day - This Day commemorates the entry into force in 1972 of the ICDO Constitution as an inter-governmental organisation.<br /><br />● World Day of Prayer.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>SEASONS AND YEARS BEGINNING ON MARCH FIRST</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● In Denmark, spring begins on March 1, while in Australia autumn begins on March 1. Meteorological spring in the Northern Hemisphere also begins on March 1; meteorological autumn in the Southern Hemisphere also begins on March 1.<br /><br />● Historically, March 1 was considered to be the beginning of the Roman 'work year'; The numerical Latin names of some months reflect this. (September = Seventh, October = Eighth, November = Ninth, December = Tenth). (see New Year).<br /><br />● If one begins each year on March 1, till the next March 1, then each date will have the same day number in this year, regardless of whether it is a leap year or not (e.g. December 25 is always day 300), unlike counting from January 1. This is due to the fact that the Gregorian and Julian calendars are based on the old Roman Calendar, which had March 1 as the first day of the year. The addition of the leap day of February 29 (which is what causes the days of leap years to fall on different day numbers) is a continuation of the February placement of the old Roman calendar's Mensis Intercalaris (a shortened extra month inserted to bring the 355 day long calendar into rough alignment with the seasons).<br /><br />● Also the months follow a regular 5-month cycle of 153 days, till the end of February. This can be seen by listing the number of days in the months thus:<br />● Mar 31, Apr 30, May 31, Jun 30, Jul31<br />● Aug 31, Sep 30, Oct 31, Nov 30, Dec 31<br />● Jan 31, Feb 28/29<br />● This regularity is sometimes used in calendar calculations.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/03/march-1.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_1"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/announcement-about-geov-parrishs-this.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Information on Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/march-1.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-47495972750234677302008-03-01T00:01:00.002-07:002008-04-02T00:13:55.590-07:00Announcement About Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History<span style="font-size:140%;">One of the mainstay references for this blog has been <i>Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school</i>. The organization/website that had commissioned and archived his articles did two things. 1. They informed (laid-off) him his services were no longer required. 2. Despite assurances to the contrary, archives of his columns were removed and are no longer available.<br /><br />This made references in <i>This Day in History</i> no longer valid. That's the bad news. The good news is that I had downloaded the entire year's worth of Geov's column. I have been in correspondence with Geov and have his blessings to continue to use these downloaded copies. He has told me he is updating the entries and is looking for somewhere to have them posted/archived. He has also promised me copies of any updated entries. For the time being, I will reference this announcement in my blog. Whenever there is a change in availability, I will update this single announcement.<br /><br />I am grateful to Geov for his gracious permission to use his previous columns and look forward to the updated and expanded version of <i>Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school</i>.</span><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/03/announcement-about-geov-parrishs-this.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-32393546155733658312008-02-29T12:01:00.001-07:002008-04-09T20:50:48.630-07:00FEBRUARY 2008<table border=5 width=99.4% hspace=0 vspace=0><tr><th colspan=7 align=center><span style="font-size:180%;">FEBRUARY 2008 REGULAR POSTINGS</span></th></tr><tr><th width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:90%;">SUN</span></th><th width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:90%;">MON</span></th><th width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:90%;">TUE</span></th><th width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:90%;">WED</span></th><th width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:90%;">THU</span></th><th width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:90%;">FRI</span></th><th width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:90%;">SAT</span></th></tr><tr><!-- PLAIN DAYS OF PREVIOUS MONTH --><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">27</span></td><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">28</span></td><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">29</span></td><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">30</span></td><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">31</span></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-1.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">1</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-2.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">2</span></a></td></tr><tr><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-3.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">3</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-4.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">4</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-5.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">5</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-6.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">6</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-7.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">7</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-8.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">8</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-9.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">9</span></a></td></tr><tr><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-10.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">10</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-11.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">11</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-12.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">12</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-13.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">13</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-14.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">14</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-15.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">15</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-16.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">16</span></a></td></tr><tr><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-17.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">17</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-18.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">18</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-19.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">19</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-20.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">20</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-21.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">21</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-22.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">22</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-23.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">23</span></a></td></tr><tr><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-24.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">24</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-25.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">25</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-26.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">26</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-27.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">27</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-28.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">28</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#FFFF00" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-29.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">29</span></a></td><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#80FF40" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-30.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">30</span></a></td></tr><tr><td width="14.2%" bgcolor="#80FF40" align=center><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-31.html"><span style="font-size:150%;">31</span></a></td><!-- PLAIN DAYS OF NEXT MONTH --><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">3</span></td><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">4</span></td><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">5</span></td><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">6</span></td><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">7</span></td><td width="14.2%" align=center><span style="font-size:100%;">8</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan=7 align=center><span style="font-size:180%;">FEBRUARY 2008 SPECIAL POSTS</span></th></tr><tr><th colspan=2 align=left><span style="font-size:120%;">DATE</span></th><th colspan=5 align=left><span style="font-size:120%;">SUBJECT</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor="#80FF40" align=left><span style="font-size:101%;">February 1, 1968</span></td><td colspan=5 bgcolor="#80FF40" align=left><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-1-1968-former-vice-president.html"><span style="font-size:101%;">Former Vice-President Richard Nixon announces candidacy for President</span></a></td></tr></table><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-36265580706403219242008-02-29T09:00:00.002-07:002009-03-31T19:42:24.714-07:00FEBRUARY 2008 NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY GALLERY<span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>FEBRUARY 2008 NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY GALLERY</strong></span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">The First Explorer<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080201.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 291px; height: 400px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLE6juc_jI/AAAAAAAALGI/7NdF1RKhUq4/s400/2008-02-01.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530620179512882" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: Courtesy of Marshall Space Flight Center, NASA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Venus and Jupiter in Morning Skies<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080202.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 269px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLE6WQwDOI/AAAAAAAALGA/0JHT-z5tFGM/s400/2008-02-02.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530616565271778" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Babak Tafreshi (TWAN)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Light Echoes from V838 Mon<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080203.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 352px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLE6auACjI/AAAAAAAALF4/UQdQrVKvdik/s400/2008-02-03.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530617761696306" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: NASA and the Hubble Heritage Team (AURA/STScI)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">A Spider Shaped Crater on Mercury<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080204.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 270px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLE6Y8vqTI/AAAAAAAALFw/XjFnP9ly4VY/s400/2008-02-04.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530617286666546" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: MESSENGER, NASA, JHU APL, CIW<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Three Month Composite of Comet Holmes<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080205.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 320px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLE6Pyx5bI/AAAAAAAALFo/PaeYyf_RdgY/s400/2008-02-05.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530614828950962" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: John Pane<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">A Sunspot in the New Solar Cycle<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080206.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 230px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFQlVCk-I/AAAAAAAALGw/Zp0XE1Z8jXE/s400/2008-02-06.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530998566917090" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Greg Piepol<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">NGC 4013 and the Tidal Stream<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080207.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 261px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFQZwbsTI/AAAAAAAALGo/ProAspi939E/s400/2008-02-07.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530995460583730" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Image Credit & Copyright: R Jay Gabany (Blackbird Observatory) - collaboration; D.Martínez-Delgado(IAC, MPIA), M.Pohlen (Cardiff), S.Majewski (U.Virginia), J.Peñarrubia (U.Victoria), C.Palma (Penn State)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">The Bay of Rainbows<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080208.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 370px; height: 400px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFP9e5dGI/AAAAAAAALGg/iJGC7CgwG1o/s400/2008-02-08.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530987870844002" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Alan Friedman<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Atlantis on Pad 39A<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080209.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 269px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFPsQoLJI/AAAAAAAALGY/ktC2Wk0BFKE/s400/2008-02-09.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530983247588498" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Image Credit: NASA, Kim Shiflett<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Abell 2218: A Galaxy Cluster Lens<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080210.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 266px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFO7GhHmI/AAAAAAAALGQ/ELCjxg6h5O0/s400/2008-02-10.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319530970051845730" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: Andrew Fruchter (STScI) et al., WFPC2, HST, NASA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Saturn's Moon Epimetheus from the Cassini Spacecraft<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080211.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 400px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFiT0fAFI/AAAAAAAALHY/fnCTMTMCN6w/s400/2008-02-11.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531303104610386" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: Cassini Imaging Team, SSI, JPL, ESA, NASA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Echoes from RS Pup<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080212.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 400px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFifxzgII/AAAAAAAALHQ/0LYM5ncq5co/s400/2008-02-12.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531306314596482" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: Pierre Kervella (Obs. de Paris), Antoine Mérand (CHARA), et al., ESO<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Elliptical Galaxy NGC 1132<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080213.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 390px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFiKpUOpI/AAAAAAAALHI/-6C2FUQ34Oo/s400/2008-02-13.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531300641847954" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: NASA, ESA, M. West (ESO, Chile), and CXC / Penn. State / G. Garmire, et al.<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Long Stem Rosette<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080214.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 263px; height: 400px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFhx5yLrI/AAAAAAAALHA/rruIq8qtFFg/s400/2008-02-14.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531294000033458" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Adam Block (Caelum Observatory) and Tim Puckett<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Young Stars in the Rho Ophiuchi Cloud<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080215.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 320px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLFhZkpPyI/AAAAAAAALG4/GxNG--N7Vvg/s400/2008-02-15.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531287468916514" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: NASA JPL-Caltech, Harvard-Smithsonian CfA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Large Binocular Telescope<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080216.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 267px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLF6njSviI/AAAAAAAALIA/_U8KoiL-pjo/s400/2008-02-16.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531720718073378" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Stefan Seip (TWAN)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">M1: The Crab Nebula from Hubble<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080217.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 320px; height: 400px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLF6KsORhI/AAAAAAAALH4/t66r6TbFdeU/s400/2008-02-17.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531712970901010" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Image Credit: NASA, ESA, J. Hester, A. Loll (ASU); Acknowledgement: Davide De Martin (Skyfactory)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">BLG-109: A Distant Version of our own Solar System<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080218.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 400px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLF596-wiI/AAAAAAAALHw/wh8Vwf_pDKA/s400/2008-02-18.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531709543137826" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Illustration Credit: KASI, CBNU, ARCSEC, NSF<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Columbus Laboratory Installed on Space Station<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080219.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 272px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLF5u6ML_I/AAAAAAAALHo/CHovQlvZiWo/s400/2008-02-19.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531705513291762" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: STS-122 Crew, Expedition 16 Crew, ESA, NASA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Moon Slide Slim<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080220.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 356px; height: 400px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLF47fPw2I/AAAAAAAALHg/5o6qIk3CY7E/s400/2008-02-20.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319531691710071650" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Stefan Seip (TWAN)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Orion's Horsehead Nebula<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080221.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 266px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLGMvYQFmI/AAAAAAAALIo/eBiAT0ehYg4/s400/2008-02-21.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319532032056890978" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Victor Bertol<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Eclipsed Moonlight<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080222.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 267px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLGMRWRawI/AAAAAAAALIg/eyMsQvZ_wAA/s400/2008-02-22.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319532023995525890" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Jerry Lodriguss (Catching the Light)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Stereo Space Station<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080223.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLGMDTaJSI/AAAAAAAALIY/AdMZI-MR-7Q/s400/2008-02-23.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319532020225418530" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: STS-122, NASA - Stereo Anaglyph: Patrick Vantuyne<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">NGC 4676: When Mice Collide<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080224.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 320px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLGMH_eCrI/AAAAAAAALIQ/-EyYDOpJNc0/s400/2008-02-24.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319532021483965106" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: ACS Science & Engineering Team, Hubble Space Telescope, NASA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Dawn of the Large Hadron Collider<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080225.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 261px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLGLw34mQI/AAAAAAAALII/upgc6QbUwm8/s400/2008-02-25.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319532015278135554" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Maximilien Brice, CERN<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Mysterious Acid Haze on Venus<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080226.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 331px; height: 400px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLGgCq6ARI/AAAAAAAALJI/mgEBkAZXZ5g/s400/2008-02-26.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319532363652923666" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: ESA/MPS, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">The Eagle Nebula in Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Sulfur<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080227.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 378px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLGgLjMz2I/AAAAAAAALJA/MjaD_SLht9M/s400/2008-02-27.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319532366036520802" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: IAC, Daniel Lopez<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">ISS: Sunlight to Shadow<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080228.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 253px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLGf5UkMwI/AAAAAAAALI4/LBxnuJ4pSbc/s400/2008-02-28.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319532361143300866" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Till Credner, AlltheSky.com<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;">Twelve Lunar Eclipses<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080229.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 400px; height: 333px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/SdLGfh7VgLI/AAAAAAAALIw/mAeY8TLaEyM/s400/2008-02-29.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5319532354863464626" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Tunç Tezel (TWAN)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-69943635820949855502008-02-29T02:00:00.002-07:002008-02-19T22:28:21.490-07:00February 31......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 31</strong> is not part of Gregorian calendar. Under the Gregorian calendar, February contains 28 days, or 29 days for a leap year.<br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>USES OF FEBRUARY 31</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">February 31, with regard to the modern Western (revised Gregorian) calendar, is an imaginary date. It is sometimes used for example purposes, to make it clear regardless of context that the information being presented is artificial and not real data. February 30 is sometimes used in the same manner.<br /><br />In this respect, these "dates" are similar to other clearly fictional data used for a similar purpose, such as "John Q. Public".</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Click on this </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_31"><span style="font-size:140%;">LINK</span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-31.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-78789878054751014252008-02-29T01:00:00.002-07:002008-02-19T22:19:27.921-07:00February 30......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 30</strong> is not part of Gregorian calendar. Under the Gregorian calendar, February contains 28 days, or 29 days for a leap year. However, under other calendars there were a few instances of a February 30.<br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>INSTANCES OF FEBRUARY 30</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Swedish calendar February 1712:<br />● If people born on February 29 think they have it tough, what about people born on February 30? February 30 has happened only once in human history — in Sweden, in the year 1712. It was a delayed response to the calendar confusion Pope Gregory XIII unleashed on Europe in 1582. That was the year he decreed that all Catholic countries would drop the 10 days that had been October 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14, go straight from October 4 to 15, and henceforth omit the leap years in century years except those divisible by 400.<br />● Most of the Catholic countries of western Europe adopted the new Gregorian calendar in 1582, and after a certain amount of consternation in October of that year, learned to live by it. But the Protestant countries were a different story. Each had to come to its own decision about this new calendar, and for some it was harder than others.<br />● By the late 1600s, the Swedes were still using the old Julian calendar, but they had begun to think that maybe they should join Protestant Germany and the other Scandinavian countries in a turn-of-the-century conversion to the Gregorian. About then, however, someone in Sweden had the brilliant idea that if they merely skipped the next 11 leap years, they wouldn’t have to drop 10 days all at once, and they’d be fully converted to the Gregorian calendar by 1740.<br />● So while Sweden’s neighbors dropped the 10 days, skipped the leap year in 1700 as the Gregorian calendar did, and made the conversion, Sweden merely skipped the leap year and otherwise left their old calendar intact. It didn’t take long for the Swedes to realize that they were now one day out of sync with the other countries that were still using the Julian calendar and 10 days out of sync with the countries that were now using the Gregorian calendar.<br />● They decided that it would just be too confusing to be different from everyone else for 40 years. So they didn’t skip anymore leap years, and in 1712 they added back in the one they had skipped in 1700 by including a one-time-only February 30. They were now back in sync with the Julian calendar, which was 11 days longer than the Gregorian.<br />● Finally, in 1753 — a year after England converted — Sweden, having resisted dropping 10 days all at once back in 1700, dropped 11 days and joined the rest of Europe. I find myself wondering what ever happened to the Swedish babies who chanced to be born on February 30, 1712 — and never once got to celebrate their true birthdays.<br /><br />● Soviet revolutionary calendar:<br />● In 1929 the Soviet Union introduced a revolutionary calendar in which every working month had 30 days and the remaining 5 or 6 days were 'monthless' holidays. In this calendar, there existed a February 30 in the years 1930 and 1931; the revolutionary calendar was abandoned in 1931. However, the Gregorian calendar continued to be used in the Soviet Union during this period. This is confirmed by consulting the successive dates in daily issues of Pravda, the official newspaper of the Communist Party, in which February had 28 days in 1930 and 1931, but had 29 days in 1932, which agrees with the rules of the Gregorian calendar.<br /><br />● Early Julian calendar:<br />● The 13th century scholar Sacrobosco claimed that in the Julian calendar February had 30 days in leap years between 45 BC and 8 BC, when Augustus shortened February to give the month of August named after him the same length as the month of July named after his adoptive uncle Julius Caesar. However, all other historical evidence relating to the Julian calendar during this period refutes Sacrobosco, including dual dates with the Alexandrian calendar.<br /><br />● Artificial calendars:<br />● Artificial calendars may also have thirty February dates. For example, in a climate model the statistics may be simplified by having twelve months of thirty days. The Hadley Centre GCM is an example.<br /><br />● Calendar reform proposals:<br />● Some calendar reform proposals do have February 30 like The 30x11 Calendar.<br /><br />● Trivia:<br />● Bryan Muir, a National Hockey League player, claims to have been born on February 30th.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Click on this </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_30"><span style="font-size:140%;">LINK</span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> to see original Wikipedia list with many having links with details.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.naturalistsalmanac.com/0230.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Naturalist's Almanac Entry</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-30.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-44752505704156378602008-02-29T00:01:00.003-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.551-07:00February 29......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 29</strong> is the 60th day of the year in leap years (does not exist in non-leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 306 days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br />February 29th, or bissextile day, is the 60th day of a leap year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 306 days remaining. A year which has a February 29 is, by definition, a leap year. This date only occurs every four years, in years evenly divisible by 4, such as 1988, 1996, or 2008, with the exceptions in century years not divisible by 400, such as 1900.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1960,1988—MON—2016<br />1972,2000—TUE—2028<br />1956,1984—WED—2012<br />1968,1996—THU—2024<br />1952,1980—FRI—<strong>2008</strong><br />1964,1992—SAT—2020<br />1976,2004—SUN—2032<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 29 is the 26th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 16 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 36th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />NEVER—Ash Wednesday has yet to occur on February 29<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2096, 2468, 2688, 2840, 2992, 3212, 3296, 3364, 3432, 3584, 3668, 3736, 3804, 3888, 3956, 4040<br /><br />It is unlikely that any living human will experience Ash Wednesday on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Fascism </strong>"A really efficient totalitarian state would be one in which the all-powerful executive of political bosses and their army of managers control a population of slaves who do not have to be coerced, because they love their servitude."<strong> — Aldous Huxley</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On The Inquisition </strong>"Tony Snow: Let me ask you, if you're a member of the United States Senate and you're reading the Constitution, would a strict constructionist have ruled that Bill Clinton should have been voted out of, left office?<br />George W. Bush: Yeah, I mean he broke the law. He lied under oath. Although I don't think that's got anything to do with strict constructionism. I think that's got everything to do with upholding the law."<strong> — Fox News Sunday. "Bush: Clinton Should Have Been Convicted and Removed From Office," NewsMax.com, 1-30-00.</strong> {Tony, foolish boy, you made the worst assumption of all time, that Georgie is capable reading the Constitution. He has spent the last seven years proving that if he could, he wouldn't uphold it. Or did you write the response as well as the question? Bush can't put together coherent thought like that on the fly.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"The new Haitian baseball can't weigh more than four ounces, or less than five."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nSpGhLiaI/AAAAAAAAFng/kYmeunZ5JHk/s1600-h/74-77-3Q-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nSpGhLibI/AAAAAAAAFno/YhSr-hTeMJg/s400/74-77-3Q-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150379252441123250" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 29, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Third Quarter Moon Percent of Full: 47% Age: 76% Rise: 1:57 AM Set: 11:02 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 29, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Third Quarter Moon Percent of Full: 47% Age: 76% Rise: 2:01 AM Set: 11:36 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 29, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Third Quarter Moon Percent of Full: 48% Age: 76% Rise: 2:05 AM Set: 10:39 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 29, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Third Quarter Moon Percent of Full: 48% Age: 76% Rise: 1:43 AM Set: 10:11 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Twelve Lunar Eclipses<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080229.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8juBD1engI/AAAAAAAAF5M/-1waDl3VDcs/s400/2008-02-29.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645874011905538" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Tunç Tezel (TWAN)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>LEAP YEARS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Leap years come about mainly due to a technicality in the number of days in a year. Technically, a year consists of 365 days and approximately 6 hours. Therefore, every four years, an extra day is added to account for the extra twenty-four hours that have accumulated.<br /><br />● A century year, that is, a year which ends in two zeros (1800, 1900, 2000, etc.), is not a leap year unless it is also evenly divisible by 400. This means that the year 2000 was a leap year and 2400 and 2800 will also be, but 1800 and 1900 were not leap years, and the years 2100, 2200, and 2300 will not be leap years either. To correct a slight inaccuracy that remains in the Gregorian Calendar, it has been proposed that years evenly divisible by 4000 should not be leap years, but this rule has not been officially adopted.<br /><br />● Because of this, a leap day is more likely to fall on a Monday than on a Sunday. If, for example, February 29 falls on a Sunday, you would expect it to fall on Sunday again after 28 years, but if there's a century year in these 28 years, the pattern can become disrupted. The Gregorian calendar repeats itself every 400 years, and 400 years have 97 leap days, which is not divisible by seven, so these days can never be distributed evenly. A leap day on a Sunday occurs 13 times in these 400 years, so approximately every 30.8 years, a Monday however occurs 15 times, which is roughly every 26.7 years. The concepts of the leap year and 'leap day' are distinct from the leap second, which is necessitated by changes in the Earth's rotational speed.<br /><br />● Those who are born on this day usually celebrate their birthdays on February 28 or March 1 during non-leap years. In the UK those born before noon on the 29th have their birth certificate dated the 28th, those born after noon are dated 1st March. In the comic musical The Pirates of Penzance, Frederic, born on February 29, was apprenticed to a band of pirates until his 21st birthday, in theory until he was 88 years old (as his lifetime included a non-leap centennial year).<br /><br />● This day may be colloquially termed a leap day, though in the Roman calendar it was February 24 in a leap year which was added, giving the name of "bissextile" day or extra sixth day in the lead up to the 'Kalends' of March. The Romans, realizing the need for an extra day, chose February 24 in particular only because it followed the last day of their year, which at that point in history was February 23. An English law of 1256 decrees that in leap years the leap day and the day before are to be reckoned as one day for the purpose of calculating when a full year has passed; thus, in England and Wales a person born on February 29 legally reaches the age of 18 or 21 on February 28 of the relevant year. In the European Union, February 29 only officially became the leap day in 2000.<br /><br />● There is a quaint tradition that women may make a proposal of marriage to men only on February 29; this is a tightening of an older tradition that such proposals may only occur in leap years. In 1288 the Scottish parliament legislated that any woman could propose in Leap Year. Another component of this tradition was that if the man rejects the proposal, he should soften the blow by providing a kiss, one pound currency and a pair of gloves (some later sources say a silk gown). There were similar notions in France and Switzerland.<br /><br />● In France, there is a humorous periodical called La Bougie du Sapeur (the Sapper's Candle) published every February 29 since 1980. The name is a reference to the sapeur Camembert. In 2004, the seventh number of La Bougie du Sapeur, subtitled Dimanche, was published. The eighth issue will be published in 2008.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 45 B.C.E. - Julius Caesar adjusts 46 B.C.E., known as the Year of Confusion with its 445 days--by fixing 365 days and six hours as the length of a year, with one day intercalated every four years, a leap.<br /><br />● 468 - Death of Pope St. Hilary (Hilarius), 46th Bishop of Rome. During his seven-year pontificate, he reaffirmed the earlier church councils of Nicea (325), Ephesus (431) and Chalcedon (451), at which the major creeds of the Early Church were hammered out.<br /><br />● 1288 - Scotland established this day as one when a woman could propose marriage to a man. In the event that he refused the proposal, he was required to pay a fine.<br /><br />● 1504 - Christopher Columbus uses his knowledge of a lunar eclipse that night to convince Native Americans to provide him with supplies.<br /><br />● 1528 - Martyrdom of Scottish reformer Patrick Hamilton, 24. Having spent time with Martin Luther and William Tyndale, Hamilton began promoting Reformation in Scotland. He was afterward arrested and burned at the stake one of the first martyrs of the Scottish Reformation.<br /><br />● 1692 - The Salem Witch Trials began on this Leap Day when Tituba, the female Indian servant of the Rev. Samuel Parris, and one Sarah Goode were both arrested and accused of witchcraft.<br /><br />● 1696 - English ex-premier Earl Danby accused of corruption<br /><br />● 1704 - Forty-seven people killed when the town of Deerfield, Mass. is raided by French Canadians and Indians trying to retrieve their church bell that had been shipped from France. The bell was to hang in the Canadian Indians' village church. Neither the raiders nor the residents of Deerfield were aware that the bell had been stolen from the ship. The Deerfield folks had purchased the bell from a privateer, unaware that it belonged to the Indian congregation. Some 100 people were killed in the incident.<br /><br />● 1712 - February 29 is followed by February 30 in Sweden, in a move to abolish the Swedish calendar for a return to the Old style.<br /><br />● 1720 - Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden abdicates in favour of her husband, who becomes King Frederick I.<br /><br />● 1736 - Birth of Anna Lee (Ann the Word or Mother Ann), Manchester, England, founder of the Shaker movement in America.<br /><br />● 1784 - Marquis de Sade transferred from Vincennes fortress to the Bastille<br /><br />● 1792 - Composer Gioacchino Antonio Rossini was born in Pesaro, Italy.<br /><br />● 1796 - Jay's Treaty proclaimed, settles some differences with England {Not enough though, the War of 1812 is essentially the Second American Revolutionary War.}<br /><br />● 1816 - Dutch (King) Willem II marries Russian grand-duchess Anna Paulowna<br /><br />● 1832 - Charles Darwin visits jungle near Bahia Brazil<br /><br />● 1840 - John Philip Holland, the Irish-born American inventor known as the father of the modern submarine, was born.<br /><br />● 1848 - Neufchatel declares independence of Switzerland<br /><br />● 1856 - Hostilities in Russo-Turkish War cease<br /><br />● 1860 - The first electric tabulating machine was invented by Herman Hollerith.<br /><br />● 1864 - American Civil War: Kilpatrick-Dahlgren raid fails - Plans to free 15,000 Union soldiers being held near Richmond, Virginia are thwarted.<br /><br />● 1868 - 1st British government of Disraeli forms<br /><br />● 1880 - American evangelist Frank Sandford, 18, was converted to a believing Christian faith. As an adult Sandford became an instrumental figure in Holiness and Pentecostal history.<br /><br />● 1880 - Gotthard railway tunnel between Switzerland & Italy opens<br /><br />● 1892 - Britain & US sign treaty on seal hunting in Bering Sea<br /><br />● 1892 - St. Petersburg, Florida incorporated.<br /><br />● 1904 - Bandleader Jimmy Dorsey was born in Shenandoah, Pa.<br /><br />● 1904 - Theodore Roosevelt, appoints 7 man committee to hasten the construction of the Panama Canal.<br /><br />● 1908 - Dutch scientists produce solid helium {very close to absolute zero}<br /><br />● 1916 - Child labor: In South Carolina, the minimum working age for factory, mill, and mine workers is raised from twelve to fourteen years old.<br /><br />● 1924 - Charles R. Forbes, former head of the U.S. Veterans Bureau, indicted for defrauding the government of $250 million.<br /><br />● 1932 - Failed coup attempt by fascist Lapua Movement in Finland<br /><br />● 1932 - TIME magazine features eccentric American politician William "Alfalfa" Murray on its cover after Murray stated his intention to run for President of the United States.<br /><br />● 1936 - FDR signs 2nd neutrality act<br /><br />● 1940 - 45 U boats sunk this month (170,000 ton)<br /><br />● 1940 - Finland initiates Winter War peace negotiations<br /><br />● 1940 - Hattie McDaniel became the first black person to win an Oscar. She won Best Supporting Actress award for her role as Mammy in "Gone with the Wind."<br /><br />● 1940 - In a ceremony held in Berkeley, California, due to the war, physicist Ernest Lawrence receives his 1939 Nobel Prize in Physics from the Sweden's Consul General in San Francisco.<br /><br />● 1944 - 5 leaders of Indonesia Communist Party sentenced to death<br /><br />● 1944 - Dorothy McElroy Vredenburgh of Alabama became the first woman to be appointed secretary of a national political party. She was appointed to the Democratic National Committee.<br /><br />● 1944 - The Office of Defense Transportation, for the second year in a row, restricted attendance at the Kentucky Derby to residents of the Louisville area. This was an effort to prevent a railroad traffic burden during wartime.<br /><br />● 1944 - World War II: The Admiralty Islands are invaded in the American General Douglas MacArthur-led Operation Brewer.<br /><br />● 1948 - American missionary and martyr Jim Elliot wrote in his journal: 'Redemption marks the new beginning of life. Men and women do not live at all until they have life eternal.'<br /><br />● 1948 - Stern-group bomb Cairo-Haifa train, 27 British soldiers died<br /><br />● 1952 - In New York City, four signs were installed at 44th Street and Broadway in Times Square that told pedestrians when to walk.<br /><br />● 1952 - The island of Heligoland is restored to German authority.<br /><br />● 1956 - Hopes for Mid East peace mission; The British Foreign Secretary, John Selwyn Lloyd, leaves London for a tour of the Middle East and Asia.<br /><br />● 1956 - Islamic Republic established in Pakistan<br /><br />● 1956 - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces to the nation that he is running for a second term. (He defeats Adlai Stevenson that November 6, in a rematch of the 1952 election.)<br /><br />● 1960 - 1st Playboy Club, featuring bunnies, opens in Chicago<br /><br />● 1960 - An earthquake in Morocco kills over 3,000 people and nearly destroys Agadir in the southern part of the country.<br /><br />● 1960 - JFK makes "missile gap" the Presidential campaign issue<br /><br />● 1964 - LBJ reveals US secretly developed the A-11 jet fighter<br /><br />● 1964 - Royal baby for leap year day; The Queen's cousin, Princess Alexandra, has given birth to a son at her home in Surrey.<br /><br />● 1968 - 1st pulsar discovered (CP 1919 by Dr. Jocelyn Bell Burnell at Cambridge)<br /><br />● 1968 - The summary report of the Kerner Commission on Civil Disorders faults excessive police force in U.S. ghettos. Warns that the nation is "moving toward two societies, one black, one white -- separate & unequal." It recommends sweeping reforms in federal and local law enforcement, welfare, employment, housing, and education.<br /><br />● 1968 - US end regular flights with nuclear bombs {As if they should have begun in the first place!}<br /><br />● 1968 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1972 - Columnist Jack Anderson reveals a memo from lobbyist Dita Beard stating that an ITT pledge of $400,000 to support the Republican National Convention was made in exchange for a recent favorable antitrust settlement.<br /><br />● 1972 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - South Korea withdraws 11,000 of its 48,000 troops from Vietnam.<br /><br />● 1984 - Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau announces he will retire as soon as the Liberals can elect another leader after more than 15 years in power.<br /><br />● 1988 - Nazi document implicates Waldheim in WWII deportations<br /><br />● 1988 - NYC Mayor Koch calls Reagan a "WIMP" in the war on drugs<br /><br />● 1988 - South African archbishop Desmond Tutu is arrested along with 100 clergymen during a five-day anti-apartheid demonstration in Cape Town<br /><br />● 1996 - A Peruvian Boeing 737 crashes in the Andes, killing 123 people.<br /><br />● 1996 - Novelist Joan Collins awarded US $1 million from Random House for breach of contract.<br /><br />● 1996 - Siege of Sarajevo is lifted; The siege of Sarajevo is officially over - four years to the day since Bosnian Muslims and Croats voted in a referendum to break away from Yugoslavia.<br /><br />● 1996 - Soyuz TM-23, lands<br /><br />● 2000 - Appeal for Mozambique flood victims; International aid agencies in Mozambique say they need extra helicopters to rescue thousands trapped by rising flood waters.<br /><br />● 2000 - Six year old Dedrick Owens shoots and kills Kayla Rolland, also six years old, at Theo J. Buell Elementary School in Mount Morris Township, Michigan. Rolland is currently the youngest victim of a school shooting.<br /><br />● 2004 - Jean-Bertrand Aristide resigns as President of Haiti following popular rebel uprising {IF one can call a US marine backed removal popular.}.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● A person who was born on 29 February may be called a "leapling". In non-leap years they usually celebrate their birthday on 28 February or 1 March.<br /><br />● For legal purposes, their legal birthdays depend on how different laws count time intervals. In Taiwan, for example, the legal birthday of a leapling is 28 February in common years, so a Taiwanese leapling born on 29 February 1980 would have legally reached 18 years old on 28 February 1998.<br /><br />● "If a period fixed by weeks, months, and years does not commence from the beginning of a week, month, or year, it ends with the ending of the day which proceeds the day of the last week, month, or year which corresponds to that on which it began to commence. But if there is no corresponding day in the last month, the period ends with the ending of the last day of the last month."<br /><br />● There are many instances in children's literature where a person's claim to be only a quarter of their actual age turns out to be based on counting their leap-year birthdays. A similar device is used in the plot of the Gilbert and Sullivan operetta The Pirates of Penzance.<br /><br />● 1468 - Pope Paul III, Italian noble and last Renaissance Pope (d. 1549)<br /><br />● 1692 - John Byrom, English poet (d. 1763)<br /><br />● 1724 - Eva Marie Veigel, ballet dancer and wife of actor David Garrick (d.1822)<br /><br />● 1736 - Ann Lee, American founder of Shakers (d. 1784)<br /><br />● 1792 - Gioacchino Rossini, Italian composer (d. 1868)<br /><br />● 1792 - Karl Ernst Baer, Prussian-Estonian embryologist (d. 1876)<br /><br />● 1840 - John Philip Holland, Irish-born American "father of the modern submarine" (d. 1914)<br /><br />● 1852 - Frank Gavan Duffy, Australian judge (d. 1936)<br /><br />● 1860 - Herman Hollerith, American statistician (d. 1929)<br /><br />● 1892 - Augusta Savage, American sculptor and educator (d. 1962)<br /><br />● 1896 - Morarji Desai, Prime Minister of India (1977-79) (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1896 - William A. Wellman, American film director (d. 1975)<br /><br />● 1904 - Jimmy Dorsey, American bandleader (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1904 - Pepper Martin, baseball player (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1904 - Rukmini Devi Arundale, Indian dancer and founder of Kalakshetra (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1908 - Alf Gover, English cricketer (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1908 - Balthus, French-Polish painter (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1908 - Dee Brown, American writer (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1916 - Dinah Shore, American singer (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1920 - Arthur Franz, American actor (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1920 - Howard Nemerov, American poet (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1920 - James Mitchell, American actor<br /><br />● 1920 - Michèle Morgan, French actress<br /><br />● 1924 - Al Rosen, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1924 - Carlos Humberto Romero, President of El Salvador<br /><br />● 1924 - David Beattie, New Zealand Governour General<br /><br />● 1928 - Joss Ackland, English actor<br /><br />● 1928 - Tempest Storm, American burlesque performer<br /><br />● 1932 - Gene Golub, American mathematician (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1932 - Jaguar, Brazilian cartoonist<br /><br />● 1932 - Masten Gregory, American F1 Driver<br /><br />● 1936 - Alex Rocco, American actor<br /><br />● 1936 - Henri Richard, Canadian hockey player<br /><br />● 1936 - Jack Lousma, astronaut<br /><br />● 1940 - Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople<br /><br />● 1940 - William H. Turner, Jr. American horse trainer<br /><br />● 1944 - Dennis Farina, American actor<br /><br />● 1944 - Ene Ergma, Estonian politician<br /><br />● 1944 - Paolo Eleuteri Serpieri, Italian illustrator<br /><br />● 1944 - Phyllis Frelich, American actress<br /><br />● 1952 - Bart Stupak, American politician<br /><br />● 1952 - Raisa Smetanina, Russian cross-country skier<br /><br />● 1952 - Sharon Dahlonega Raiford Bush, American television personality<br /><br />● 1952 - Tim Powers, American writer<br /><br />● 1956 - Aileen Wuornos, American serial killer (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1956 - Bob Speller, Canadian politician<br /><br />● 1956 - J. Randy Taraborrelli, American celebritiy journalist<br /><br />● 1956 - Jonathan Coleman, Anglo-Australian entertainer<br /><br />● 1960 - Ian McKenzie Anderson, British musician<br /><br />● 1960 - Khaled, Algerian raï musician<br /><br />● 1960 - Richard Ramirez, American serial killer<br /><br />● 1960 - Tony Robbins, American motivational speaker<br /><br />● 1964 - Jahred Shane, Afro-Brazilian rapper/singer of (həd) p.e.<br /><br />● 1964 - Lyndon Byers, Canadian hockey player<br /><br />● 1968 - Bryce Paup, American football player<br /><br />● 1968 - Chucky Brown, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1968 - Gonzalo Lira, Chilean-American novelist<br /><br />● 1968 - Naoko Iijima, Japanese actress<br /><br />● 1968 - Pete Fenson, American curler<br /><br />● 1968 - Wendi Peters, British actress<br /><br />● 1972 - Antonio Sabàto, Jr., Italian-born actor<br /><br />● 1972 - Dave Williams, American singer (Drowning Pool) (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1972 - Pedro Zamora, Cuban-born American AIDS activist (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1972 - Saul Williams, American rapper, poet, and actor<br /><br />● 1976 - Ja Rule, American rapper and actor<br /><br />● 1980 - Patrick Côté, Canadian mixed martial artist<br /><br />● 1980 - Simon Gagné, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1980 - Taylor Twellman, American soccer player<br /><br />● 1984 - Adam Sinclair, Indian Hockey player<br /><br />● 1984 - Cam Ward, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1984 - Darren Ambrose, English footballer<br /><br />● 1988 - Scott Golbourne, English footballer</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1528 - Patrick Hamilton, Scottish religious reformer (martyred) (b. 1504)<br /><br />● 1592 - Alessandro Striggio, Italian composer (b. 1540)<br /><br />● 1604 - John Whitgift, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1530)<br /><br />● 1740 - Pietro Ottoboni, Italian cardinal (b. 1667)<br /><br />● 1744 - John Theophilus Desaguliers, French philosopher (b. 1683)<br /><br />● 1820 - Johann Joachim Eschenburg, German literary critic (b. 1743)<br /><br />● 1868 - Ludwig I of Bavaria (b. 1786)<br /><br />● 1928 - Ina Coolbrith, first poet laureate of California (b. 1841)<br /><br />● 1940 - Edward Frederic Benson, English writer (b. 1867)<br /><br />● 1944 - Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, President of Finland (b. 1861)<br /><br />● 1956 - Elpidio Quirino, President of the Philippines (b. 1890)<br /><br />● 1968 - Tore Ørjasæter, Norwegian poet (b. 1886)<br /><br />● 1980 - Gil Elvgren, American artist (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1992 - Ruth Pitter, English poet (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 2000 - Kayla Rolland, (b. 1993)<br /><br />● 2004 - Jerome Lawrence, American playwright (b. 1915)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Hilarius, Pope (461-68), calendar reformer (leap years)<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 16 (Civil Date: February 29)<br />● Martyrs Pamphilus presbyter, Valens deacon, Paul, Seleucus, Porphyrius, Julian, Theodulus, Elias, Jeremiah, Isaiah, Samuel and Danial, at Caesaria in Palestine.<br />● St. Marutha, Bishop of Martyropolis in Mesopotamia.<br />● Persian Martyrs with St. Maruthas.<br />● Martyr Romanus of Mt. Athos.<br />● New-Martyrs Priest Elias (1934) and Priest Peter Lagov (1931).<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● St. Flavian the hermit.<br />● Repose of Metropolitan Macarius of Moscow, Apostle to the Altai (1926).<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● St. Oswald, archbishop of York<br /><br />● Bahá'í Faith - Day 4 of Ayyám-i-Há (Intercalary Days) (in leap years only) - days in the Bahá'í calendar devoted to service and gift giving.<br /><br />● Discordianism - St. Tib's Day.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>CALENDAR REFORM PROPOSALS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● In some calendar reform proposals like The 30x11 Calendar, February 29 occurs every year and is an advantage to people born on February 29, but in The 30x11 Calendar, there is a new leap day called December 36.</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-29.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_29"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#29"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-29.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-3904209506273382742008-02-28T00:01:00.006-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.552-07:00February 28......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 28</strong> is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 306 (307 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br />In a common year (non-leap year) it is the last day of February.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1977,1983,. . . .,1994,2000—MON—2005<br />1978,1984,1989,1995,. . . .—TUE—2006<br />1979,. . . .,1990,1996,2001—WED—2007<br />1980,1985,1991,. . . .,2002—THU—<strong>2008</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—FRI—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—SAT—2009<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—SUN—2010<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 28 is the 25th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 130 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 8th/9th/10th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />339, 344, 423, 434, 507, 518, 529, 591, 602, 613, 624, 686, 697, 708, 781, 792, 871, 876, 955, 966, 1039, 1050, 1061, 1123, 1134, 1145, 1156, 1218, 1229, 1240, 1313, 1324, 1403, 1408, 1487, 1498, 1571, 1582, 1596, 1607, 1618, 1629, 1691, 1748, 1759, 1770, 1781, 1816, 1827, 1838, 1900, 1906, 1968, 1979, 1990, 2001<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2063, 2074, 2085, 2120, 2131, 2142, 2153, 2210, 2221, 2283, 2294, 2340, 2351, 2362, 2373, 2435, 2446, 2457, 2503, 2514, 2525, 2587, 2598, 2655, 2666, 2677, 2712, 2723, 2734, 2745, 2807, 2818, 2829, 2891, 2959, 2970, 2981, 3027, 3038, 3049, 3106, 3117, 3179, 3190, 3201, 3274, 3280, 3285, 3331, 3342, 3353, 3410, 3421, 3483, 3494, 3551, 3562, 3573, 3635, 3646, 3657, 3703, 3714, 3725, 3798, 3866, 3872, 3877, 3923, 3934, 3945, 4018, 4024, 4029<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Families </strong>"Patriarchy's chief institution is the family. It is both a mirror of and a connection with the larger society; a patriarchal unit within a patriarchal whole."<strong> — Kate Millett</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Demonizing Democrats or Don't Kill All the Liberals </strong>"By the way, it's probably a good thing Vice President Gore wasn't at Independence Hall in 1776! I bet he would have tried to talk Jefferson out of that risky independence scheme!"<strong> — Gov. Tom Ridge (R-PA) {later to be named the nation's top color coordinator and fear monger} addressing the Republican National Convention. PBS.org, 8-3-00.</strong><br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"At the end, excitement maintained its hysteria."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nSpGhLiaI/AAAAAAAAFng/kYmeunZ5JHk/s1600-h/74-77-3Q-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nSpGhLibI/AAAAAAAAFno/YhSr-hTeMJg/s400/74-77-3Q-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150379252441123250" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Third Quarter Moon: Feb 28, 2008 6:19 PM Percent of Full: 50% Age: 75% Rise: 12:58 AM Set: 10:17 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Third Quarter Moon: Feb 28, 2008 7:19 PM Percent of Full: 50% Age: 75% Rise: 1:03 AM Set: 10:50 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Third Quarter Moon: Feb 28, 2008 8:19 PM Percent of Full: 50% Age: 75% Rise: 1:04 AM Set: 9:56 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Third Quarter Moon: Feb 28, 2008 9:19 PM Percent of Full: 50% Age: 75% Rise: 12:42 AM Set: 9:30 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />ISS: Sunlight to Shadow<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080228.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8juAz1enfI/AAAAAAAAF5E/Bss9-jbfhcM/s400/2008-02-28.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645869716938226" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Till Credner, AlltheSky.com<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 202 B.C.E. - this day marks the coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han, initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty's rule over China<br /><br />● 364 - Valentinian I is elevated as Roman Emperor.<br /><br />● 870 - The Fourth Constantinople Council closed, under Pope Adrian II in the West and Emperor Basil I in the East. The council had condemned iconoclasm, and became the last ecumenical council held in the Eastern Mediterranean area.<br /><br />● 1066 - Westminster Abbey opens<br /><br />● 1525 - Mexico - Cuauhtemoc is assassinated.<br /><br />● 1570 - Anti-Portugese uprising on Ternate, Moluccas<br /><br />● 1574 - First New World victims of Spanish Inquisition burned at the stake.<br /><br />● 1610 - Thomas West, Baron De La Warr, is appointed governor of Virginia<br /><br />● 1638 - Scottish Presbyterians sign National Convenant, Greyfriars, Edinburgh<br /><br />● 1646 - Roger Scott was tried in Massachusetts for sleeping in church<br /><br />● 1653 - 3 Day Sea battle English beats Dutch<br /><br />● 1667 - English colony Suriname in Dutch hands<br /><br />● 1692 - Salem witch hunt begins<br /><br />● 1700 - Today is followed by March 1 in Sweden, thus creating the Swedish calendar.<br /><br />● 1704 - Elias Neau, a Frenchman, opens a school for blacks in New York NY<br /><br />● 1704 - Indians attack Deerfield MA, kill 40, kidnap 100<br /><br />● 1708 - Slave revolt, Newton, Long Island NY, 11 die<br /><br />● 1710 - In the Battle of Helsingborg, 14,000 Danish invaders under Jørgen Rantzau are decisively defeated by an equally sized Swedish force under Magnus Stenbock.<br /><br />● 1730 - Tsarina Anna Ivanovna leads autocracy<br /><br />● 1759 - Pope Clement XIII granted permission for the Bible to be translated into the languages of the Roman Catholic states.<br /><br />● 1778 - Rhode Island General Assembly authorizes enlistment of slaves<br /><br />● 1784 - English churchman John Wesley, 80, formally chartered the movement within Anglicanism which afterward came to be known as Wesleyan Methodism.<br /><br />● 1787 - Charter granted establishing the institution now known as the University of Pittsburgh.<br /><br />● 1794 - US Senate voids Pennsylvania's election of Abraham Gallatin<br /><br />● 1826 - M Biela, an Austrian officer, discovers Biela's Comet<br /><br />● 1827 - The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad is incorporated, becoming the first railroad in America offering commercial transportation of both people and freight.<br /><br />● 1838 - Robert Nelson, leader of the Patriotes, proclaim the independence of Lower Canada (today Québec)<br /><br />● 1844 - During an official inspection tour of the U.S.S. Princeton, a 10-inch gun (the Navy's largest at the time) blew up, killing Secretary of State Abel P. Upshur, Secretary of the Navy Thomas W. Kilmer, and 10 others. Pres. John Tyler, who at the time of the explosion was in a cabin below with Miss Julia Gardiner (the daughter of one of those killed) was unharmed. They subsequently married.<br /><br />● 1847 - US defeats México in battle of Sacramento<br /><br />● 1849 - Regular steamboat service from the west to the east coast of the United States begins with the arrival of the SS California in San Francisco Bay, 4 months 21 days after leaving New York Harbor.<br /><br />● 1850 - The University of Utah opens in Salt Lake City, Utah.<br /><br />● 1853 - Libenyl executed for attempted assassination of emperor of Austria.<br /><br />● 1854 - The Republican Party forms in Ripon, Wisconsin, due to opposition to the Kansas-Nebraska Act. The act, which became law three months later, left the issue of slavery to the settlers of each state {Of course Native Americans and slave need not express opinions.}.<br /><br />● 1859 - Arkansas legislature requires free blacks to choose exile or slavery<br /><br />● 1861 - Nevada & Colorado are organized as a United States territories.<br /><br />● 1861 - The Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho peoples sign the Treaty of Fort Wise, agreeing to cede their land and live on a small reservation in southwest Colorado. U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs Colonel A.B. Greenwood issues medals, blankets, sugar and tobacco. But only six of 44 Cheyenne chiefs sign the treaty, casting doubt on the gala affair's legality.<br /><br />● 1863 - Confederate raider "Nashville" sinks near Fort McAllister GA<br /><br />● 1864 - Raid at Kilpatrick's Richmond<br /><br />● 1864 - Skirmish at Albemarle County Virginia (Burton's Ford)<br /><br />● 1870 - The Bulgarian Exarchate is established by decree of Sultan Abd-ul-Aziz of the Ottoman Empire.<br /><br />● 1871 - 2nd Enforcement Act gives federal control of congressional elections<br /><br />● 1873 - The Society of Mary, founded in 1816, was officially recognized by Pope Pius IX. This religious order seeks to combine the work of education with foreign missions.<br /><br />● 1877 - Federal government seizes Black Hills from Lakota Sioux in violation of treaty.<br /><br />● 1878 - US congress authorizes large-size silver certificate<br /><br />● 1879 - "Exodus of 1879" southern blacks flee political/economic exploitation<br /><br />● 1882 - 1st US college cooperative store opens, at Harvard University<br /><br />● 1885 - The American Telephone and Telegraph Company is incorporated in New York State as the subsidiary of American Bell Telephone. (American Bell would later merge with its subsidiary.)<br /><br />● 1887 - France - The anarchist thief and member of the "Panthers of Batignolles," Clement Duval has his death sentence commuted to life by the President of the Republic. Duval, a partially disabled veteran of the Franco-Prussian war of 1870, spent a year in prison for stealing from his employer in order to feed his family and buy much-needed medication. Unable to support his family upon his release, he undertook a life of crime. After burgling the mansion of a wealthy Paris socialite, he set it ablaze. Accosted by a policeman outside, he struck the officer down and fled. He was sentenced to death upon his capture, but this was commuted to life at hard labor. Duval attempted escape 20 times, and after finally succeeding, reached New York, where he lived until age 85, surrounded by Italian anarchist comrades.<br /><br />● 1888 - Ferry in San Pablo Bay explodes<br /><br />● 1893 - Edward Acheson, Pennsylvania, patents an abrasive he names "carborundum"<br /><br />● 1897 - Queen Ranavalona III, the last monarch in Madagascar, was deposed by a French military force.<br /><br />● 1900 - The Second Boer War: The 118-day "Siege of Ladysmith" is lifted.<br /><br />● 1901 - Birth of Linus Pauling, Portland, Oregon. Receives two Nobel prizes -- one for physics and one for his early (1950s) anti-nuclear activism.<br /><br />● 1903 - Japanese and Chicanos form labor organization against growers.<br /><br />● 1908 - Failed assassination attempt on Shah Mohammed Ali in Teheran<br /><br />● 1913 - French anarchists Andre Soudy and Raymond Callemin sentenced to death for their roles in a Mar. 1912 Bonnet Gang attack in which two people were killed.<br /><br />● 1917 - AP reports México & Japan will ally with Germany if US enters WWI<br /><br />● 1917 - Russian Duma sets up Provisional Committee; workers set up Soviets<br /><br />● 1919 - Gandhi launches satyagraha campaign, India.<br /><br />● 1921 - Russia - Kronstadt Revolt begins, in sympathy with the resistance in Petrograd and critical of Bolshevism. Demands workers' rule.<br /><br />● 1921 - Salvadoran shoemakers win strike for higher wages -- prompting a government crackdown.<br /><br />● 1922 - Egypt regains independence from Britain, but British troops remain<br /><br />● 1923 - Swedish king Gustaaf V begins state visit to Netherlands<br /><br />● 1924 - US begins intervention in Honduras<br /><br />● 1925 - Congress authorizes a special handling stamp<br /><br />● 1931 - Oswald Mosley founds his New Party<br /><br />● 1933 - 1st female in cabinet Francis Perkins appointed Secretary of Labor<br /><br />● 1933 - Gleichschaltung: The Reichstag Fire Decree is passed in Germany a day after the Reichstag fire. German President Von Hindenburg abolishes free expression of opinion. Hitler disallows German communist party (KPD)<br /><br />● 1935 - Nylon is discovered by Wallace Carothers.<br /><br />● 1937 - One thousand rally against war, Hyde Park, London.<br /><br />● 1939 - Great-Britain recognizes Franco-regime in Spain<br /><br />● 1939 - Sit-down strikes outlawed by U.S. Supreme Court.<br /><br />● 1939 - The first issue of Serbian weekly magazine Politikin zabavnik was published.<br /><br />● 1939 - The word "Dord" is discovered in the Webster's New International Dictionary, Second Edition, prompting an investigation.<br /><br />● 1940 - US population at 131,669,275 (12,865,518 blacks (9.8%))<br /><br />● 1941 - 39 U Boats (197,000 ton) sunk this month<br /><br />● 1941 - Birth of Alice Brock. Her restaurant was immortalized by Arlo Guthrie.<br /><br />● 1941 - British-Italian dogfight above Albania<br /><br />● 1942 - 1st weapon drop on Netherlands<br /><br />● 1942 - Japanese land in Java, last Allied bastion in Dutch East Indies<br /><br />● 1942 - Race riot, Sojourner Truth Homes, Detroit<br /><br />● 1942 - The heavy cruiser USS Houston (CA-30) is sunk in the Battle of Sunda Strait with 693 crew members killed.<br /><br />● 1943 - 63 U Boats (359,300 ton) sinks this month<br /><br />● 1947 - 2/28 Incident: In Taiwan, civil disorder is put down at a loss of 30,000 civilian lives.<br /><br />● 1947 - U.S. Senate Chaplain Peter Marshall prayed: 'Let not the past ever be so dear to us as to set a limit to the future. Give us the courage to change our minds when that is needed.'<br /><br />● 1951 - A Senate committee headed by Estes Kefauver, D-Tenn., issued a preliminary report saying at least two major crime syndicates were operating in the United States.<br /><br />● 1951 - French government of Pleven dissolves<br /><br />● 1953 - James D. Watson and Francis Crick announce to friends that they have determined the chemical structure of DNA; formal announcement April 25 following publication in April Nature (pub. April 2).<br /><br />● 1953 - Stalin meets with Beria, Bulganin, Khrushchev & Malenkov<br /><br />● 1954 - US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Bikini Island<br /><br />● 1956 - 13 die in a train crash in Swampscott MA<br /><br />● 1956 - Forrester issued a patent for computer core memory<br /><br />● 1958 - Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament founded, London, England.<br /><br />● 1959 - Launch of Discoverer 1 (WTR)-1st polar orbit<br /><br />● 1961 - JFK names Henry Kissinger special advisor<br /><br />● 1962 - The John Glenn for President club was formed by a group of Las Vegas republicans. {Little did the fools know he would later run as a Democrat for Senate from Ohio and win.}<br /><br />● 1967 - Radical human rights activist Ramsey Clark named as U.S. Attorney General by President Johnson. {Later he would have the thankless job of being a defense attorney for Saddam Hussein during his kangaroo court trial.}<br /><br />● 1970 - First British national women's liberation conference, Oxford, England.<br /><br />● 1970 - Winter Festival for Peace, Madison Square Garden, New York City.<br /><br />● 1972 - Angela Davis trial starts, San Jose, California.<br /><br />● 1972 - President Richard Nixon ends historic week-long visit to China<br /><br />● 1972 - Sino-American relations: The United States and People's Republic of China sign the Shanghai Communiqué.<br /><br />● 1972 - U.N. Security Council imposes sanctions on Rhodesia and Lebanon.<br /><br />● 1973 - Suriname government of Sedney arrests 13 union leaders<br /><br />● 1974 - After seven years, the United States and Egypt re-establish diplomatic relations.<br /><br />● 1974 - Australia - Aborigines demonstrate for recognition of land rights.<br /><br />● 1974 - Ethiopian government of Makonnen forms<br /><br />● 1974 - Labour Party wins British parliamentary election<br /><br />● 1974 - Taiwan police shoot into crowd<br /><br />● 1975 - A major tube train crash at Moorgate station, London kills 112 people injured 20 people.<br /><br />● 1975 - EG signs accord of Lomé with 46 developing countries<br /><br />● 1975 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1976 - Ceuta & Melilla (Spanish Morocco) are last European African possession<br /><br />● 1977 - Harbor strike in Rotterdam/Amsterdam ends<br /><br />● 1979 - Mr. Ed, the talking horse from the TV show "Mr. Ed", died. His last words - "Wiil-l-l-l-l-bu-r-r-r-rr."<br /><br />● 1980 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1981 - China PR throws out Netherlands ambassador due to submarine sale to Taiwan<br /><br />● 1982 - AT&T looses record $7 BILLION for fiscal year ending on this day<br /><br />● 1982 - FALN (PR Nationalist Group) bombs Wall Street<br /><br />● 1983 - The final episode of M*A*S*H is broadcast in the USA, becoming the most watched television episode in history, with 106–125 million viewers in the U.S. (estimate varies by source).<br /><br />● 1985 - The Provisional Irish Republican Army carries out a mortar attack on the Royal Ulster Constabulary police station at Newry, killing nine officers in the highest loss of life for the RUC on a single day.<br /><br />● 1986 - European Economic Community sign "Special Act" for Europe free trade<br /><br />● 1986 - Olaf Palme, left-leaning Swedish Prime Minister, assassinated in Stockholm.<br /><br />● 1988 - Anti-Armenian pogrom in Azerbaijan, 30 killed<br /><br />● 1988 - Passaic County (New Jersey) judge signs the order dismissing the 1966 murder indictment of Hurricane Carter.<br /><br />● 1989 - Nevada-Semipalatnisk Movement to Stop All Nuclear Testing founded in U.S.S.R.; inspired by the large Nevada Test Site anti-nuclear demonstrations and encampments outside Las Vegas in mid to late 1980s.<br /><br />● 1990 - Dutch police seize 3,000 kg of cocaine<br /><br />● 1990 - US 65th manned space mission STS 36 (Atlantis 6) launches into orbit<br /><br />● 1991 - Cease fire ends U.S. offensive in Iraq.<br /><br />● 1991 - Three soldiers seek sanctuary as objectors to Gulf War in Riverside Church, New York City.<br /><br />● 1993 - Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms agents raid the Branch Davidian church in Waco, Texas with a warrant to arrest the group's leader David Koresh. Four BATF agents and five Davidians die in the initial raid, starting a 51-day standoff that ends in an FBI bonfire.<br /><br />● 1994 - Brady Law, imposing a wait-period to buy a hand-gun, went into effect<br /><br />● 1994 - NATO made its first military strike when U.S. F-16 fighters shot down four Bosnian Serb warplanes in violation of a no-fly zone over central Bosnia.<br /><br />● 1995 - The Denver International Airport opened after a 16-month delay.<br /><br />● 1997 - Earthquake in Pakistan, kills 45<br /><br />● 1997 - FBI agent Earl Pitts pleads guilty to selling secrets to Russia<br /><br />● 1997 - Smokers must prove they are over 18 to purchase cigarettes in US<br /><br />● 1997 - The North Hollywood shootout takes place.<br /><br />● 1998 - Even though the imminent threat of military strikes had been averted by a U.N. agreement, 5,000 rally in New York City protesting U.S. war and sanctions against Iraq. Demonstrations also held in at least 30 other cities.<br /><br />● 1998 - Kosovo War: Serbian police begin the offensive against the Kosovo Liberation Army in Kosovo.<br /><br />● 2000 - Nuclear chief quits over safety scandal; British Nuclear Fuels confirms its chief executive, John Taylor, has resigned over a safety scandal.<br /><br />● 2001 - Six passengers and four railway staff are killed and a further 82 people suffer serious injuries in the Selby rail crash.<br /><br />● 2001 - The Nisqually Earthquake measuring 6.8 on the Richter Scale hits the Nisqually Valley and the Seattle, Tacoma, and Olympia area of the U.S. state of Washington.<br /><br />● 2002 - A body found outside San Diego was identified as that of 7-year-old Danielle van Dam, who'd disappeared from her bedroom about a month earlier; a neighbor was later convicted of her murder and sentenced to death.<br /><br />● 2002 - Beginning of three days of riots in Gujarat state, India, in which Hindu nationalists, often assisted by police, massacre nearly a thousand Muslims.<br /><br />● 2002 - Sotheby's auction house announced that it had identified Peter Paul Reubens as the creator of the painting "The Massacre of the Innocents." The painting was previously thought to be by Jan van den Hoecke.<br /><br />● 2004 - Over 1 million Taiwanese participating in the 228 Hand-in-Hand Rally form a 500-kilometre (300-mile) long human chain to commemorate the 2/28 Incident in 1947<br /><br />● 2005 - A suicide bombing at a police recruiting centre in Al Hillah, Iraq kills 127.<br /><br />● 2005 - Lebanon's pro-Syrian prime minister, Omar Karami, resigns amid large anti-Syria street demonstrations in Beirut.<br /><br />● 2007 - Jupiter flyby of the New Horizons Pluto-observer spacecraft.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1155 - Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England (d. 1183)<br /><br />● 1261 - Margaret of Scotland, queen of Norway (d. 1283)<br /><br />● 1409 - Elisabeth II of Bohemia (d. 1442)<br /><br />● 1533 - Michel de Montaigne, French writer (d. 1592)<br /><br />● 1552 - Joost Bürgi, Swiss clockmaker (d. 1632)<br /><br />● 1612 - John Pearson, English theologian (d. 1686)<br /><br />● 1670 - Benjamin Wadsworth, American President of Harvard University (d. 1737)<br /><br />● 1675 - Guillaume Delisle, French cartographer (d. 1726)<br /><br />● 1683 - René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, French scientist (d. 1757)<br /><br />● 1704 - Louis Godin, French astronomer (d. 1760)<br /><br />● 1712 - Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, French military commander (d. 1759)<br /><br />● 1724 - George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend, British field marshal (d. 1807)<br /><br />● 1783 - Gabriele Rossetti, Italian poet, revolutionary, and scholar (d. 1854)<br /><br />● 1812 - Berthold Auerbach, German poet and author (d. 1882)<br /><br />● 1820 - John Tenniel, English illustrator (d. 1914)<br /><br />● 1823 - Ernest Renan, French philosopher (d. 1892)<br /><br />● 1824 - Blondin, French tightrope walker (d. 1897)<br /><br />● 1827 - Blondin, French tightrope walker (d. 1897)<br /><br />● 1833 - Alfred von Schlieffen, German field marshal (d. 1913)<br /><br />● 1838 - Maurice Lévy, French engineer (d. 1910)<br /><br />● 1840 - Henri Duveyrier, French explorer (d. 1892)<br /><br />● 1841 - Adrien Albert Marie de Mun, French politician (d. 1914)<br /><br />● 1865 - Wilfred Grenfell, medical missionary (d. 1940)<br /><br />● 1872 - Douglas McGarel Hogg, English lawyer and politician (d. 1950)<br /><br />● 1878 - Artur Kapp, Estonian composer (d. 1952)<br /><br />● 1878 - Pierre Fatou, French mathematician (d. 1929)<br /><br />● 1882 - Geraldine Farrar, American soprano (d. 1967)<br /><br />● 1882 - José Vasconcelos, Mexican writer (d. 1959)<br /><br />● 1882 - Pádraic Ó Conaire, Irish writer (d. 1928)<br /><br />● 1894 - Ben Hecht, American playwright (d. 1964)<br /><br />● 1895 - Marcel Pagnol, French novelist, playwright and film director (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1896 - Philip Showalter Hench, American physician, Nobel laureate (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1900 - Wolfram Hirth, German pilot (d. 1959)<br /><br />● 1901 - Linus Pauling, American chemist and activist, double Nobel laureate (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1903 - Vincente Minnelli, American film director (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1906 - Bugsy Siegel, American gangster (d. 1947)<br /><br />● 1907 - Milton Caniff, American cartoonist (Terry and the Pirates, Steve Canyon) (d. 1988)<br /><br />● 1908 - Billie Bird, American actress (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1909 - Sir Stephen Spender, English poet (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1911 - Denis Parsons Burkitt, English surgeon and medical researcher (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1912 - Clara Petacci, Italian mistress of Benito Mussolini (d. 1945)<br /><br />● 1915 - Ketti Frings, American Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright and screenwriter, (d. 1981)<br /><br />● 1915 - Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist, Nobel laureate (d. 1987)<br /><br />● 1915 - Zero Mostel, American actor (d. 1977)<br /><br />● 1921 - Pierre Clostermann, French World War II pilot (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1923 - Charles Durning, American actor<br /><br />● 1925 - Harry H Corbett, English actor (d. 1982)<br /><br />● 1926 - Svetlana Alliluyeva, Soviet defector, daughter of Joseph Stalin<br /><br />● 1929 - Frank Gehry, Canadian-American architect<br /><br />● 1929 - Hayden Fry, American football coach<br /><br />● 1929 - John Montague, Irish poet<br /><br />● 1929 - Joseph Rouleau, French Canadian bass opera singer<br /><br />● 1930 - Leon Neil Cooper, American physicist, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1931 - Dean Smith, American basketball coach and Hall of Fame member<br /><br />● 1931 - Gavin MacLeod, Actor (''Love Boat,'' ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'')<br /><br />● 1932 - Don Francks, Canadian actor<br /><br />● 1933 - Rein Taagepera, Estonian politician<br /><br />● 1939 - Daniel C. Tsui, Chinese-born physicist, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1939 - Tommy Tune, American dancer<br /><br />● 1940 - Joe South, American singer<br /><br />● 1940 - Mario Andretti, Italian-American race car driver and one-time F1 world champion<br /><br />● 1942 - Brian Jones, English musician (The Rolling Stones) (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1942 - Dino Zoff, Italian footballer<br /><br />● 1942 - Frank Bonner, American actor<br /><br />● 1943 - Barbara Acklin, American soul singer (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1944 - Kelly Bishop, American actress (''Gilmore Girls'')<br /><br />● 1944 - Sepp Maier, German footballer<br /><br />● 1944 - Win Aung, Burmese politician<br /><br />● 1945 - Bubba Smith, American football player and actor<br /><br />● 1946 - Robin Cook, British politician (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1946 - Syreeta Wright, American singer (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1947 - Stephanie Beacham, English actress<br /><br />● 1948 - Bernadette Peters, American actress and singer<br /><br />● 1948 - Mercedes Ruehl, American actress<br /><br />● 1948 - Mike Figgis, English director<br /><br />● 1948 - Steven Chu, American physicist, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1951 - Bill Cratty, American modern dancer and choreographer (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1952 - William Finn, American composer<br /><br />● 1953 - Ingo Hoffmann, Brazilian racing driver<br /><br />● 1953 - Paul Krugman, American economist<br /><br />● 1954 - Brian Billick, American football coach<br /><br />● 1955 - Gilbert Gottfried, American comedian<br /><br />● 1956 - Adrian Dantley, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1956 - Jimmy Nicholl, Canadian-born Northern Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1956 - Mike Tenay, American wrestling commentator<br /><br />● 1957 - Ainsley Harriott, British celebrity chef<br /><br />● 1957 - Cindy Wilson, American singer (The B-52's)<br /><br />● 1957 - John Turturro, American actor<br /><br />● 1957 - Paul Delph, American musician and producer (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1958 - Jeanne Mas, French singer and actress<br /><br />● 1960 - Dorothy Stratten, Canadian actress (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1961 - Eric Bachelart, Belgian racing driver<br /><br />● 1961 - Mark Latham, Australian politician<br /><br />● 1961 - Rae Dawn Chong, Canadian actress<br /><br />● 1961 - René Simard, French Canadian singer and TV host<br /><br />● 1963 - Claudio Chiappucci, Italian cyclist<br /><br />● 1964 - Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, Uzbekistan cyclist<br /><br />● 1966 - Paulo Futre, Portuguese footballer<br /><br />● 1967 - Colin Cooper, English footballer<br /><br />● 1968 - Stéphan Lebeau, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1969 - Butch Leitzinger, American race car driver<br /><br />● 1969 - Patrick Monahan, American singer (Train)<br /><br />● 1969 - Robert Sean Leonard, American actor ("House")<br /><br />● 1969 - Tor Øivind Ødegaard, Norwegian track runner<br /><br />● 1970 - Daniel Handler, American writer, better known as Lemony Snicket<br /><br />● 1970 - Noureddine Morceli, Algerian athlete<br /><br />● 1971 - Junya Nakano, Japanese composer<br /><br />● 1971 - Maxine Bahns, Actress<br /><br />● 1971 - Tristan Louis, American writer<br /><br />● 1972 - Rory Cochrane, American actor<br /><br />● 1973 - Eric Lindros, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1973 - Nicolas Minassian, French racing driver<br /><br />● 1974 - Lee Carsley, Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Moana Mackey, New Zealand politician<br /><br />● 1975 - Mike Rucker, American football player<br /><br />● 1976 - Adam Pine, Australian swimmer<br /><br />● 1976 - Ali Larter, American actress and model<br /><br />● 1976 - Guillaume Lemay-Thivierge, Canadian actor<br /><br />● 1977 - Jason Aldean, American Country singer<br /><br />● 1978 - Benjamin Raich, Austrian Olympic skier<br /><br />● 1978 - Jamaal Tinsley, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1978 - Mariano Zabaleta, Argentine tennis player<br /><br />● 1979 - Ivo Karlović, Croatian tennis player<br /><br />● 1979 - Michael Bisping, English mixed martial artist<br /><br />● 1979 - Primož Peterka, Slovenian ski jumper<br /><br />● 1979 - Sébastien Bourdais, French racing driver<br /><br />● 1980 - Pascal Bosschaart, Dutch footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Piotr Giza, Polish footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Tayshaun Prince, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1981 - Brian Bannister, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1981 - Florent Serra, French tennis player<br /><br />● 1982 - Natalia Vodianova, Russian supermodel<br /><br />● 1984 - Ben Fagan, American musician and reality show contestant<br /><br />● 1984 - Karolína Kurková, Czech supermodel<br /><br />● 1985 - Fefe Dobson, Canadian singer<br /><br />● 1985 - Jelena Janković, Serbian tennis player<br /><br />● 1987 - Kerrea Gilbert, English footballer<br /><br />● 1989 - Zhang Liyin, Chinese R&B singer<br /><br />● 1991 - Sarah Bolger, Irish actress<br /><br />● 2007 - Princess Lalla Khadija of Morocco</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1261 - Henry III, Duke of Brabant (b. c. 1230)<br /><br />● 1326 - Duke Leopold I of Austria (b. 1290)<br /><br />● 1453 - Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine (b. 1400)<br /><br />● 1485 - Niclas, Graf von Abensberg, German soldier (b. 1441)<br /><br />● 1510 - Juan de la Cosa, Spanish cartographer and explorer<br /><br />● 1525 - Cuauhtémoc, Aztec Ruler<br /><br />● 1572 - Aegidius Tschudi, Swiss historian (b. 1505)<br /><br />● 1621 - Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1590)<br /><br />● 1648 - King Christian IV of Denmark and Norway (b. 1577)<br /><br />● 1746 - Hermann von der Hardt, German historian (b. 1660)<br /><br />● 1786 - John Gwynn, English architect and engineer (b. 1713)<br /><br />● 1788 - Thomas Cushing, American Continental Congressman (b. 1725)<br /><br />● 1857 - André Dumont, Belgian geologist (b. 1809)<br /><br />● 1869 - Alphonse de Lamartine, French writer and poet (b. 1790)<br /><br />● 1916 - Henry James, American writer (b. 1843)<br /><br />● 1925 - Friedrich Ebert, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1871)<br /><br />● 1929 - Clemens von Pirquet, Austrian physician (b. 1874)<br /><br />● 1932 - Guillaume Bigourdan, French astronomer (b. 1851)<br /><br />● 1936 - Charles Nicolle, French bacteriologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1866)<br /><br />● 1941 - King Alfonso XIII of Spain (b. 1886)<br /><br />● 1942 - Karel Doorman, Dutch admiral (b. 1889)<br /><br />● 1956 - Emile Buisson, French murderer executed (b. 1902)<br /><br />● 1959 - Maxwell Anderson, American playwright and film writer (b. 1888)<br /><br />● 1963 - Rajendra Prasad, First President of India (b. 1884)<br /><br />● 1966 - Jonathan Hale, Canadian-born actor (b. 1891)<br /><br />● 1967 - Henry Luce, American publisher (b. 1898)<br /><br />● 1974 - Bobby Bloom, American singer/songwriter (b. 1946)<br /><br />● 1977 - Eddie 'Rochester' Anderson, American actor (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1978 - Eric Frank Russell, English author (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1978 - Philip Ahn, American actor (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1978 - Zara Cully, American actress (b. 1892)<br /><br />● 1979 - Paul Alverdes, German writer (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1985 - David Byron, English singer (Uriah Heep) (b. 1947)<br /><br />● 1985 - Ray Ellington, English singer (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 1986 - Laura Z. Hobson, American novelist (b. 1900)<br /><br />● 1986 - Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1927)<br /><br />● 1991 - Reinhard Bendix, German sociologist (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 1991 - Wassily Hoeffding, American statistician (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1993 - Ruby Keeler, Canadian actress and dancer (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 1998 - Arkady Shevchenko, Soviet diplomat (b. 1930)<br /><br />● 1998 - Dermot Morgan, Irish actor and comedian (b. 1952)<br /><br />● 1999 - Christine Glanville, British Puppeteer (. 1924)<br /><br />● 2002 - Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 2002 - Mary Stuart, American actress (b. 1926)<br /><br />● 2003 - Chris Brasher, English athlete (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 2003 - Fidel Sánchez Hernández, President of El Salvador (b. 1917)<br /><br />● 2003 - Roger Michael Needham, British cryptographer (b. 1935)<br /><br />● 2003 - Rudolf Kingslake, Lens designer, and Engineer (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 2004 - Andres Nuiamäe, first Estonian soldier to be killed in the Iraq War (b. 1982)<br /><br />● 2004 - Carmen Laforet, famed Spanish novelist<br /><br />● 2004 - Daniel J. Boorstin, American historian, writer, and Librarian of Congress (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 2006 - Owen Chamberlain, American physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 2007 - Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. American historian and political commentator (b.1917)<br /><br />● 2007 - Baron Charles Forte, Italian-born hotelier (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 2007 - Billy Thorpe, Australian musician (Billy Thorpe & the Aztecs) (b. 1946)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Abercius, martyr<br />● St. Caerealis<br />● St. Gabriel Possenti (leap years)<br />● St. Hedwig, Blessed<br />● St. Hilarius, Pope (461-68), calendar reformer (non-leap years)<br />● St. Macarius<br />● St. Oswald (d. 992)<br />● St. Romanus of Condat (d. 463)<br />● St. Ruellinus<br />● St. Rufinus<br />● St. Silvana<br />● Bl. Antonia of Florence (d. 1472)<br />● Bl. Villana<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 15 (Civil Date: February 28)<br />● Ap Onesimus of the Seventy.<br />● Synaxis of St. John the Theologian at Diaconissa.<br />● St. Eusebius, hermit of Syria.<br />● St. Paphnutius, monk, and his daughter St. Euphrosyne, nun, of Alexandria.<br />● Martyr Major of Gaza.<br />● St. Paphnutius, recluse of the Kiev Caves.<br />● St. Dalmatus, abbot and founder of the Dormition Monastery in Siberia.<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● St. Romanus<br /><br />● Bahá'í Faith - Day 3 of Ayyám-i-Há (Intercalary Days) - days in the Bahá'í calendar devoted to service and gift giving.<br /><br />● Andalusia, Spain - Andalusia Day<br /><br />● Finland - Kalevala Day (1835), The Day of Finnish Culture<br /><br />● Luxembourg - Burgsonndeg-celebrates end of winter<br /><br />● Taiwan - Peace Memorial Day, the day of commemorating the 2/28 Incident</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-28.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_28"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#28"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-28.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-6238876169762522742008-02-27T00:01:00.002-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.553-07:00February 27......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 27</strong> is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 307 (308 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1978,1984,1989,1995,. . . .—MON—2006<br />1979,. . . .,1990,1996,2001—TUE—2007<br />1980,1985,1991,. . . .,2002—WED—<strong>2008</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—THU—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—FRI—2009<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—SAT—2010<br />1983,. . . .,1994,2000,2005—SUN—2011<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 27 is the 24th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 140 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 2nd of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />328, 401, 407, 412, 491, 496, 502, 575, 586, 597, 659, 670, 681, 692, 743, 754, 765, 776, 838, 849, 860, 933, 939, 944, 1023, 1028, 1034, 1107, 1118, 1129, 1191, 1202, 1213, 1224, 1275, 1286, 1297, 1308, 1370, 1381, 1392, 1465, 1471, 1476, 1555, 1560, 1566, 1591, 1664, 1675, 1686, 1732, 1743, 1754, 1805, 1811, 1884, 1895, 1952, 1963, 1974<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2036, 2047, 2058, 2069, 2104, 2115, 2126, 2188, 2199, 2256, 2267, 2278, 2324, 2335, 2346, 2408, 2419, 2430, 2492, 2560, 2571, 2582, 2593, 2628, 2639, 2650, 2707, 2780, 2791, 2802, 2875, 2886, 2897, 2932, 2943, 2954, 2965, 3011, 3022, 3084, 3095, 3152, 3163, 3174, 3185, 3247, 3258, 3269, 3304, 3315, 3326, 3337, 3399, 3467, 3478, 3489, 3524, 3535, 3546, 3557, 3619, 3630, 3641, 3709, 3771, 3782, 3793, 3839, 3850, 3861, 3907, 3918, 3929, 3991, 4002, 4013, 4075, 4086, 4097<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Faith </strong>"Faith, it seems to me, is not the holding of certain dogmas; it is simply openness and readiness of the heart to believe any truth which God may show."<strong> — Margaret Deland</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Bashing the Clintons </strong>". . .<br />Hopefully, some other local station will have the good sense and good fortune to hire Rollye James—and keep her. After all, sharp intellect, good humor and the courage not to genuflect to the status quo are rare in radio discourse these days. If Austin radio permanently loses such a talent as Rollye James, the community at large will suffer a "dumbing-down" of media quality."<strong> — Cliff Sparks, Travis County Republican Party Executive Committeeman. Letters, <i>Austin American-Statesman</i>, 11-1-96. {Letter was in response to editorial quote February 23 blog entry.}—Part 4 of 4</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"[Manny] Sanguillen is totally unpredictable to pitch to because he's so unpredictable."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nRVWhLiWI/AAAAAAAAFnA/EnUvK44oKEU/s1600-h/68-70-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nRVmhLiXI/AAAAAAAAFnI/rTQH8dRKxaE/s400/68-70-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150377817922046322" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 27, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 66% Age: 70% Rise: no rise Set: 9:40 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 27, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 66% Age: 70% Rise: 12:05 AM Set: 10:11 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 27, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 66% Age: 70% Rise: 12:01 AM Set: 9:21 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 27, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 67% Age: 70% Rise: no rise Set: 8:55 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />The Eagle Nebula in Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Sulfur<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080227.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8juAj1eneI/AAAAAAAAF48/w0HfEtQVLzM/s400/2008-02-27.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645865421970914" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: IAC, Daniel Lopez<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 280 - Birth of Constantine the Great, the first Roman emperor to be converted (ca. 312) to the Christian faith.<br /><br />● 837 - 15th recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet<br /><br />● 1526 - Saxony & Hesse form League of Gotha (league of Protestant princes)<br /><br />● 1531 - Evangelical German monarchy/towns form Schmalkaldische Union<br /><br />● 1534 - Beginning of Anabaptist "New Jerusalem" on earth in Germany. All Lutherans and Roman Catholics are to be eliminated by driving them out or converting them, so as to create a community bound by love and without sin. Nonbelief or "misbelief" is made a capital offense. It resists besieging armies and lasts over a year.<br /><br />● 1557 - 1st Russian Embassy opens in London<br /><br />● 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation of Scotland.<br /><br />● 1563 - William Byrd is appointed organist at Lincoln Cathedral<br /><br />● 1594 - Henry IV is crowned King of France.<br /><br />● 1617 - Sweden and Russia sign the Treaty of Stolbovo, ending the Ingrian War and shutting Russia out of the Baltic Sea.<br /><br />● 1626 - Yuan Chonghuan is appointed Governor of Liaodong, after he led the Chinese into a great victory against the Manchurians under Nurhaci.<br /><br />● 1665 - Battle at Elmina, Gold Coast Vice-Admiral De Ruyter beats English<br /><br />● 1667 - Abraham Crijnssen conquerors Fort Willoughby (Zeelandia), Suriname<br /><br />● 1670 - Jews are expelled from Austria by order of Leopold I<br /><br />● 1678 - Earl of Shaftesbury freed out of London Tower<br /><br />● 1696 - English/Welsh nobles lay down Oath of Association<br /><br />● 1700 - The island of New Britain is discovered.<br /><br />● 1703 - The first Mardi Gras is celebrated in Mobile, Alabama.<br /><br />● 1713 - French troops bomb Willemstad Curaçao<br /><br />● 1793 - The Giles resolutions are introduced to the United States House of Representatives asking the House to condemn Alexander Hamilton's handling of loans.<br /><br />● 1801 - Washington, DC is placed under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Congress.<br /><br />● 1803 - Great fire in Bombay, India<br /><br />● 1807 - Poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was born in Portland, Maine.<br /><br />● 1812 - Poet Lord Byron gives his first address as a member of the House of Lords, in defense of Luddite violence against Industrialism in his home county of Nottinghamshire.<br /><br />● 1813 - 1st federal vaccination legislation enacted<br /><br />● 1813 - Congress authorizes use of steamboats to transport mail<br /><br />● 1816 - Dutch regain Suriname<br /><br />● 1827 - The first Mardi Gras is celebrated in New Orleans, Louisiana.<br /><br />● 1838 - Birth of William J. Kirkpatrick, American Methodist sacred composer. He edited his first collection of hymns at age 21, and is still remembered today for composing the melodies to such hymns as: "He Hideth My Soul," "'Tis So Sweet to Trust in Jesus," "Redeemed, How I Love to Proclaim It" and "Lord, I'm Coming Home."<br /><br />● 1839 - Scottish clergyman Robert Murray McCheyne wrote in a letter: 'Most of God's people are content to be saved from the hell that is without. They are not so anxious to be saved from the hell that is within.'<br /><br />● 1844 - Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti (National Day)<br /><br />● 1849 - William Jewell College was chartered in Liberty, Missouri, under Baptist sponsorship.<br /><br />● 1854 - Composer Robert Schumann saved from suicide attempt in Rhine<br /><br />● 1860 - Abraham Lincoln makes a speech at Cooper Union in the city of New York that was largely responsible for his election to the Presidency.<br /><br />● 1861 - A crowd in Warsaw protesting Russian rule over Poland is fired upon by Russian troops, killing five protesters.<br /><br />● 1861 - US Congress authorizes 1st stamped newspaper wrappers for mailing<br /><br />● 1864 - 6th & last day of Battle at Dalton, Georgia (about 600 casualties)<br /><br />● 1864 - American Civil War: The first Northern prisoners arrive at the Confederate prison at Andersonville, Georgia. {The Union used the commandant of this camp as their victor's revenge by having him hanged for the atrocities committed there, which were no worse than rebels prisoners were treated in Union POW camps.}<br /><br />● 1865 - Civil War skirmish near Sturgeon MO<br /><br />● 1867 - Birth of anarchist Paulin Mailfait (1867-1927), Charleville, France. Did eight months in prison for helping a soldier desert in 1892.<br /><br />● 1867 - Dr. William G. Bonwill invented the dental mallet.<br /><br />● 1869 - John Menard is 1st black to make a speech in Congress<br /><br />● 1871 - Meeting of Alabama claims commission<br /><br />● 1872 - Charlotte Ray, 1st Black woman lawyer, graduated Harvard U<br /><br />● 1873 - Dutch socialist Samuel van Wooden demands law against child labor<br /><br />● 1876 - Birth of anarchist Francois Segond Casteu (1876-1935), Nice, France. His remarks often caused problems with authorities, and in September 1927, he was imprisoned at Amiens for a series of anticlerical articles. Casteu was released following a hunger strike.<br /><br />● 1877 - US Electoral College declares R Hayes winner Presidential election<br /><br />● 1879 - Constantine Fahlberg announces discovery of saccharin (artificial sweetener)<br /><br />● 1880 - Birth of African American lesbian poet Angelina Weld Grimke. Like most black woman writers, her works will have very little visibility. Nonetheless, Grimke wins acclaim for two dramas, several short stories, and a great number of poems. Her play "Rachel" angrily dramatizes the personal impact of lynching.<br /><br />● 1881 - Battle at Amajuba, South Africa Boers vs British army under General Colley<br /><br />● 1886 - Hugo Black, who served 34 years as a U.S. Supreme Court judge and was known as a champion of civil liberties, was born.<br /><br />● 1894 - Birth of Ernst Friedrich, founder of Berlin peace museum, Germany.<br /><br />● 1896 - The "Charlotte Observer" published a picture of an X-ray photograph made by Dr. H.L. Smith. The photograph showed a perfect picture of all the bones of a hand and a bullet that Smith had placed between the third and fourth fingers in the palm.<br /><br />● 1900 - Second Boer War: In South Africa, British military leaders receive an unconditional notice of surrender from Boer General Piet Cronje at the Battle of Paardeberg.<br /><br />● 1900 - The British Labour Party is founded.<br /><br />● 1900 - The FC Bayern München (Munich) is founded.<br /><br />● 1902 - Birth of John Steinbeck, Salinas, California. Novelist, story writer, playwright, essayist, and screenplay writer. Best known for "The Grapes of Wrath," his first overtly political tract, which decried the treatment of migrant farm workers in California during the Great Depression and led to some (but obviously not enough) reform.<br /><br />● 1902 - Birth of Marian Anderson, African American opera singer famously banned by the Daughters of the American Revolution from performing at Constitution Hall; she sang before 75,000 at the Lincoln Memorial on Easter Sunday instead.<br /><br />● 1906 - France & Britain agree to joint control of New Hebrides<br /><br />● 1908 - Star #46 was added to US flag for Oklahoma<br /><br />● 1912 - Lord Kitchener opens Khartoum-El Obeid (Nyala) railway<br /><br />● 1921 - The International Working Union of Socialist Parties is founded in Vienna.<br /><br />● 1922 - A challenge to the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, allowing women the right to vote, is rebuffed by the Supreme Court of the United States in Leser v. Garnett.<br /><br />● 1922 - Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover convenes 1st National Radio Conference<br /><br />● 1923 - Formation in New York of the Mohegan Colony Association, based on anarchist principles.<br /><br />● 1924 - Belgium's Theunis government falls<br /><br />● 1925 - Hitler resurrects NSDAP political party in Munich<br /><br />● 1929 - Russia & US sign trade agreement<br /><br />● 1929 - Turkey signs Litvinov-pact<br /><br />● 1930 - Bouvet Island declared a Norwegian dependency<br /><br />● 1932 - Explosion in coal mine Boissevain, Virginia, USA (38 dead)<br /><br />● 1933 - Nazis set fire to Berlin's Reichstag parliament building, blame it on communists as a ploy in their steady consolidation of total power.<br /><br />● 1934 - Birth of consumer activist and 1996/2000 Green Party presidential candidate Ralph Nader. Winsted, Conn.<br /><br />● 1934 - Birth of Native-American author N. Scott Momaday, Lawton, Oklahoma. His first novel, "House Made of Dawn," is one of the first works by a Native American author describing contemporary reservation life to draw widespread acclaim.<br /><br />● 1938 - Britain and France recognize Franco and his fascist government in Spain.<br /><br />● 1938 - English Bible expositor Arthur W. Pink wrote in a letter: 'Slackness and carelessness are inexcusable in a child of God. He should ever present a model and example of conscientiousness, painstaking care, and exactness.'<br /><br />● 1939 - American Civil Rights Movement: Sit-down strikes are outlawed by the Supreme Court of the United States.<br /><br />● 1939 - Belgian government of Pierlot falls<br /><br />● 1939 - English Spook house Borley Rectory destroyed in a fire<br /><br />● 1940 - Martin Kamen and Sam Ruben discovered carbon-14<br /><br />● 1942 - 1st transport of French Jews to Nazi-Germany<br /><br />● 1942 - J S Hey discovers radio emissions from the Sun<br /><br />● 1942 - World War II: During the Battle of the Java Sea, an allied (ABDA) strike force is defeated by a Japanese task force in the Java Sea in the Dutch East Indies. The USS Langley, the first United States aircraft carrier, is sunk by Japanese warplanes.<br /><br />● 1943 - Mine disaster kills 75 workers at Red Lodge, Montana.<br /><br />● 1943 - The Rosenstrasse protest starts in Berlin<br /><br />● 1943 - The Smith Mine #3 in Bearcreek, Montana, explodes, killing 74 men.<br /><br />● 1945 - Battle of US 94 Infantry<br /><br />● 1947 - Paul-Emile Victor French polar expeditions organized<br /><br />● 1948 - The Communist Party takes control of government in Czechoslovakia.<br /><br />● 1949 - Chaim Weizmann becomes 1st Israeli President<br /><br />● 1950 - General Chiang Kai-shek elected President of Nationalist China<br /><br />● 1951 - The Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution, limiting Presidents to two terms, is ratified.<br /><br />● 1953 - Spelling bill passes second reading; A proposal to simplify English spelling has cleared its second hurdle in parliament.<br /><br />● 1956 - Female suffrage in Egypt<br /><br />● 1957 - Mao's speech "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among People"<br /><br />● 1958 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR<br /><br />● 1960 - Oil pipe line from Rotterdam to Ruhrgebied opens<br /><br />● 1961 - The first congress of the Spanish Trade Union Organisation is inaugurated.<br /><br />● 1962 - South-Vietnam President Ngo Dinh Diem's palace bombed, 1st US killed<br /><br />● 1963 - Argoud charged over de Gaulle plot; Antoine Argoud, President De Gaulle's arch enemy and a former colonel in the French Army, is charged with an assassination attempt.<br /><br />● 1963 - The Dominican Republic receives its first democratically elected president, Juan Bosch, since the end of the dictatorship led by Rafael Trujillo.<br /><br />● 1964 - The government of Italy asks for help to keep the Leaning Tower of Pisa from toppling over.<br /><br />● 1965 - Dutch Marijnen government resigns<br /><br />● 1965 - France performs Underground nuclear test at Ecker Algeria<br /><br />● 1967 - Antigua & St Christopher-Nevis become associated states of UK<br /><br />● 1967 - Dominica gains independence from the United Kingdom.<br /><br />● 1967 - Rio de la Plata Treaty<br /><br />● 1969 - Berkeley police charge University of California student picket lines, club and arrest two Chicano leaders.<br /><br />● 1969 - General Hafez al-Assad becomes head of Syria via military coup<br /><br />● 1969 - President Nixon visits West-Berlin<br /><br />● 1969 - Students at the University of Chicago march in the streets.<br /><br />● 1969 - Thousands rampage thru nine University of Wisconsin buildings, in Madison, over black enrollment policy.<br /><br />● 1970 - New York Times (falsely) reports U.S. Army has ended its illegal domestic surveillance.<br /><br />● 1971 - Doctors in the first Dutch abortion clinic (the Mildredhuis in Arnhem) start to perform aborti provocati.<br /><br />● 1972 - President Nixon & Chinese Premier Chou En-lai issued Shanghai Communique<br /><br />● 1973 - Pope Paul VI publishes constitution motu proprio Quo aptius<br /><br />● 1973 - Village of Wounded Knee, South Dakota occupied by 300 Oglala Sioux and other American Indian Movement activists, in response to campaign of terror and murder by tribal and FBI officials. The village was the site of the last major massacre of Indians by whites in 1890.<br /><br />● 1975 - PC murder linked to IRA bomb factory; Scotland Yard says the man who shot dead a police officer in London yesterday had been staying in a flat used as a "bomb factory" by the IRA.<br /><br />● 1976 - The formerly Spanish territory of Western Sahara, under the auspices of the Polisario Front declares independence as the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.<br /><br />● 1976 - The Inuit Tapirisat of Canada presents claim to immense area in Canada's Arctic.<br /><br />● 1977 - Keith Richards gets suspended sentence for heroin possession, Canada<br /><br />● 1978 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island<br /><br />● 1980 - Robert Mugabe's ZANU-PF wins elections in Zimbabwe<br /><br />● 1980 - Terrorists occupies Dominican embassy in Bogota<br /><br />● 1981 - Greatest passenger load on a commercial airliner-610 on Boeing 747<br /><br />● 1981 - Massive protest march against military coup attempt, Madrid, Spain.<br /><br />● 1982 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island<br /><br />● 1982 - Wayne Williams found guilty of murdering 2 of 28 blacks in Atlanta GA<br /><br />● 1984 - Worker's union leader Billy Nair freed in South Africa<br /><br />● 1985 - Farmers converge in Washington to demand economic relief {They still vote for Reagan/Republican despite their being the root cause of their woes.}<br /><br />● 1985 - Mauritania's new constitutional charter published<br /><br />● 1986 - The United States Senate allows its debates to be televised on a trial basis.<br /><br />● 1987 - Donald Regan resigned as White House chief of staff {He lost the battle with Nancy Reagan for control.}<br /><br />● 1987 - The Tower Commission Report, detailing the Iran-Contra Scandal, finds Pres. Reagan confused and uninformed. {In other words, his usual self.} It faults White House Chief of Staff Donald Regan, former National Security Advisor Robert McFarlane, and his successor Admiral John Poindexter, and CIA Director William Casey. Casey had resigned three weeks previously for health reasons; McFarlane attempted suicide a week later; and Regan resigned the day the report was released.<br /><br />● 1989 - German war criminals Austria der Fünten/Fischer, freed in Holland<br /><br />● 1989 - Ontario Court of Appeal finds the Temeaugma Anishnabe "Bear Island people" (Ojibwa) lost title to their land in 1850, although a treaty was never signed.<br /><br />● 1989 - Venezuela is rocked by the Caracazo.<br /><br />● 1990 - Exxon Valdez oil spill: Exxon and its shipping company are indicted on five criminal counts.<br /><br />● 1991 - Bangladesh elect new parliament in first democratic transition of power.<br /><br />● 1991 - Gulf War ends as Saudi army enters Kuwait City. U.S. President George H. W. Bush announces that "Kuwait is liberated."<br /><br />● 1994 - Maronite church near Beirut bombed, 10 killed<br /><br />● 1995 - Car bomb explodes in Zakho, North-Iraq (54-80 killed)<br /><br />● 1996 - Satoshi Tajiri creates the hit media franchise Pokémon.<br /><br />● 1997 - In Ireland, divorce became legal.<br /><br />● 1997 - Legislation banning most handguns in Britain went into effect.<br /><br />● 1998 - FBI arrests 10 most wanted suspected serial killer Tony Ray Amati<br /><br />● 1998 - With the approval of Queen Elizabeth II, Britain's House of Lords agreed to end 1,000 years of male preference by giving a monarch's first-born daughter the same claim to the throne as a first-born son.<br /><br />● 1999 - Korea International School is founded by Soon-Il Chung. It is currently directed by Ann Clapper.<br /><br />● 1999 - Nigerians vote to break with military; Voters flock to polling stations in Nigeria to elect a civilian president as Olusegun Obasanjo becomes Nigeria's first elected president since mid-1983 and end military rule that has lasted 15 years.<br /><br />● 1999 - While trying to circumnavigate the world in a hot air balloon, Colin Prescot and Andy Elson set a new endurance record after being in a hot air balloon for 233 hours and 55 minutes.<br /><br />● 2002 - A Muslim mob attacks a train a few minutes after it leaves the Godhra railway station, killing 59 Hindu pilgrims returning from Ayodhya; retaliatory riots lead to the death of at least 1000 people, mostly Muslims.<br /><br />● 2002 - In Boston, twenty people working at Logan International Airport were charged with lying to get their jobs or security badges.<br /><br />● 2002 - Ryanair Flight 296 catches fire in London Stansted Airport. Subsequent investigations criticize Ryanair's handling of the evacuation.<br /><br />● 2003 - Former Bosnian Serb leader Biljana Plavsic was sentenced by the U.N. tribunal in The Hague, Netherlands, to 11 years in prison.<br /><br />● 2003 - Fred Rogers, the host of TV's "Mr. Rogers' Neighborhood" died at age 74.<br /><br />● 2003 - Rowan Williams is enthroned as the 104th Archbishop of Canterbury in the Anglican church.<br /><br />● 2004 - A bombing of a Superferry by Abu Sayyaf in the Philippines kills 116, its worst terrorist attack.<br /><br />● 2004 - Former BPMC general secretary Ordrick Samuel launches a new party in Barbuda, Barbudans for a Better Barbuda.<br /><br />● 2005 - Pre-pay price capping on the Transport for London Oyster card is introduced.<br /><br />● 2007 - The Chinese Correction the Shanghai Stock Exchange tumbled 9% the largest drop in 10 years.<br /><br />● 2007 - The general strike against Lansana Conté in Guinea ends.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 272 - Constantine I, Roman emperor (d. 337)<br /><br />● 1691 - Edward Cave, English editor and publisher (d. 1754)<br /><br />● 1711 - Constantine Mavrocordatos, Prince of Wallachia and Prince of Moldavia (d. 1769)<br /><br />● 1779 - Thomas Hazlehurst, English soap and alkali manufacturer (d. 1842)<br /><br />● 1807 - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, American poet (d. 1882)<br /><br />● 1847 - Ellen Terry, English actress (d. 1928)<br /><br />● 1861 - Rudolf Steiner, Austrian philosopher (d. 1925)<br /><br />● 1862 - Anastasios Metaxas, Greek architect and shooter (d. 1937)<br /><br />● 1869 - Alice Hamilton, American pathologist who worked on industrial diseases (d. 1970)<br /><br />● 1886 - Hugo Black, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1888 - Earl Caddock, American professional wrestler (d. 1950)<br /><br />● 1888 - Lotte Lehmann, German singer (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1888 - Roberto Assagioli, Italian psychiatrist (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1890 - Freddie Keppard, American jazz musician (d. 1933)<br /><br />● 1891 - Anne Samson, oldest-ever nun documented (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1891 - David Sarnoff, Russian-born broadcast pioneer (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1892 - William Demarest, American actor (d. 1983)<br /><br />● 1897 - Marian Anderson, American contralto (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1899 - Charles Best, Canadian medical scientist (d. 1978)<br /><br />● 1901 - Marino Marini, Italian artist (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1902 - Gene Sarazen, American golfer (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1902 - John Steinbeck, American writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1903 - Grethe Weiser, German actress (d. 1970)<br /><br />● 1904 - André Leducq, French cyclist (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1904 - Chick Fullis, American baseball player (d. 1946)<br /><br />● 1904 - James T. Farrell, American writer (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1904 - Yulii Borisovich Khariton, Russian physicist (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1905 - Franchot Tone, American actor (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1907 - Mildred Bailey, American singer (d. 1951)<br /><br />● 1910 - Clarence "Kelly" Johnson, American aircraft engineer (Lockheed Skunk Works; d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1910 - Joan Bennett, American actress (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1910 - Kelly Johnson, American aircraft engineer (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1910 - Peter De Vries, American writer (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1910 - Ted Horn, American race car driver (d. 1948)<br /><br />● 1912 - Lawrence Durrell, British writer (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1913 - Irwin Shaw, American writer (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1913 - Kazimierz Sabbat, Polish president (d. 1989)<br /><br />● 1913 - T. B. Ilangaratne, Sri Lankan novelist and politician (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1917 - John Connally, Governor of Texas (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1922 - Hans Rookmaaker, Dutch professor and art historian (d. 1977)<br /><br />● 1923 - Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1925 - Samuel Dash, American Congressional counsel (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1926 - David H. Hubel, Canadian neuroscientist, Nobel Prize laureate<br /><br />● 1927 - Guy Mitchell, American singer (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1927 - Lynn Cartwright, American actress (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1928 - Ariel Sharon, former Prime Minister of Israel<br /><br />● 1929 - Djalma Santos, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1930 - Joanne Woodward, American actress<br /><br />● 1930 - Paul von Ragué Schleyer, American chemist<br /><br />● 1930 - Peter Stone, American writer (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1932 - Elizabeth Taylor, British-American actress<br /><br />● 1933 - Raymond Berry, American football player<br /><br />● 1934 - N. Scott Momaday, American writer<br /><br />● 1934 - Ralph Nader, American consumer activist<br /><br />● 1934 - Van Williams, American actor<br /><br />● 1934 - Vincent Fourcade, French interior designer (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1935 - Mirella Freni, Italian soprano<br /><br />● 1936 - Roger Mahony, fourth Archbishop of Los Angeles<br /><br />● 1936 - Ron Barassi, Australian rules footballer<br /><br />● 1937 - Barbara Babcock, American actress<br /><br />● 1937 - David Ackles, American singer songwriter (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1939 - Peter Revson, American racecar driver (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1940 - Bill Hunter, Australian actor<br /><br />● 1940 - Howard Hesseman, American actor ("Head of the Class," "WKRP in Cincinnati")<br /><br />● 1941 - Paddy Ashdown, British politician<br /><br />● 1942 - Charlayne Hunter-Gault, American journalist<br /><br />● 1942 - Michel Forget, French Canadian actor<br /><br />● 1942 - Robert H. Grubbs, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate<br /><br />● 1943 - Mary Frann, American actress (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1943 - Morten Lauridsen, American composer<br /><br />● 1944 - Ken Grimwood, American writer (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1945 - Carl Anderson, American singer and actor (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1947 - Gidon Kremer, Latvian violinist<br /><br />● 1949 - Debra Monk, Actress<br /><br />● 1951 - Steve Harley, British rock musician (Steve Harley and Cockney Rebel)<br /><br />● 1952 - Stathis Psaltis, Greek actor<br /><br />● 1953 - Gabriela Svobodová, Czech cross country skier<br /><br />● 1954 - Neal Schon, American musician (Journey)<br /><br />● 1955 - Peter Christopherson, English musician, video director and designer<br /><br />● 1957 - Adrian Smith, English musician (Iron Maiden)<br /><br />● 1957 - Danny Antonucci, Canadian animator<br /><br />● 1957 - Timothy Spall, English actor<br /><br />● 1957 - Viktor Markin, Russian athlete<br /><br />● 1958 - Nancy Spungen, girlfriend of Sid Vicious (killed by Sid Vicious) (d. 1978)<br /><br />● 1959 - Johnny Van Zant, American singer (Lynyrd Skynyrd)<br /><br />● 1960 - Andrés Gómez, Ecuadorian tennis player<br /><br />● 1960 - Paul Humphreys, Rock musician<br /><br />● 1962 - Adam Baldwin, American actor<br /><br />● 1962 - Grant Show, American actor ("Melrose Place")<br /><br />● 1963 - Pär Nuder, Swedish politician<br /><br />● 1964 - Todd Bodine, American race car driver<br /><br />● 1965 - Frank Peter Zimmermann, German violinist<br /><br />● 1965 - Joakim Sundström, Swedish sound editor, sound designer and musician<br /><br />● 1965 - Mike Cross, Rock musician (Sponge)<br /><br />● 1965 - Noah Emmerich, American actor<br /><br />● 1966 - Donal Logue, Canadian actor<br /><br />● 1968 - Matt Stairs, Canadian baseball player<br /><br />● 1969 - Brad Vander Ark, American musician<br /><br />● 1970 - Michael A. Burstein, American writer<br /><br />● 1970 - Patricia Petibon, French opera singer<br /><br />● 1971 - Derren Brown, British psychological illusionist<br /><br />● 1971 - Rozonda "Chilli" Thomas, American singer (TLC)<br /><br />● 1972 - Jennifer Lyon, American Survivor contestant<br /><br />● 1972 - Jeremy Dean, Rock musician (Nine Days)<br /><br />● 1973 - Ali Tabatabaee, American Iranian rapper (Zebrahead)<br /><br />● 1973 - Eric Lindros, Hockey player<br /><br />● 1973 - Mark Taylor, Welsh rugby union footballer<br /><br />● 1973 - Peter André, English singer - Husband to Katie Price, Glamour model<br /><br />● 1973 - Roderick Clark, R&B singer<br /><br />● 1975 - Prodromos Korkizoglou, Greek decathlete<br /><br />● 1975 - Shelby Walker, American mixed martial artist (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1976 - Tony Gonzalez, American football player<br /><br />● 1977 - Ji Sung, South Korean actor<br /><br />● 1977 - Lance Hoyt, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1978 - James Beattie, English footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Bobby Valentino, American singer<br /><br />● 1980 - Chelsea Clinton, daughter of Bill and Hillary Clinton<br /><br />● 1981 - Josh Groban, American singer<br /><br />● 1983 - Hayley Angel Wardle, English actress<br /><br />● 1983 - Kate Mara, Actress<br /><br />● 1984 - Antti Tuisku, Finnish singer<br /><br />● 1984 - David Noel, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1984 - Juliana Imai, Brazilian model<br /><br />● 1984 - Lotta Schelin, Swedish female footballer<br /><br />● 1985 - Abe Asami, Japanese singer and actress<br /><br />● 1985 - Fefe Dobson, Canadian singer<br /><br />● 1986 - Nicole Linkletter, America's Next Top Model<br /><br />● 1988 - JD Natasha, American musician<br /><br />● 1989 - Kelly Breeding, American singer from B5</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1659 - Henry Dunster, first President of Harvard College (b. 1609)<br /><br />● 1699 - Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton, English politician (b. c. 1625)<br /><br />● 1706 - John Evelyn, English diarist (b. 1620)<br /><br />● 1720 - Samuel Parris, English-born Puritan minister (b. 1653)<br /><br />● 1735 - John Arbuthnot, English physician and writer (b. 1667)<br /><br />● 1844 - Nicholas Biddle, President of the Second Bank of the United States (b. 1786)<br /><br />● 1887 - Alexander Borodin, Russian composer and chemist (b. 1833)<br /><br />● 1892 - Louis Vuitton, French luggage maker (b. 1821)<br /><br />● 1902 - Breaker Morant, Anglo-Australian soldier executed in Boer War under controversial circumstances (b. 1864)<br /><br />● 1921 - Schofield Haigh, English cricketer (b. 1871)<br /><br />● 1932 - William Southam, Canadian newspaper publisher (b. 1843)<br /><br />● 1936 - Ivan Pavlov, Russian physiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1849)<br /><br />● 1936 - Joshua W. Alexander, U.S. Secretary of Commerce under Woodrow Wilson (b. 1852)<br /><br />● 1941 - William D. Byron, U.S. Congressman (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1943 - Kostis Palamas, Greek poet, twice nominated for the Nobel prize (b. 1859)<br /><br />● 1964 - Orry-Kelly, Australian costume designer (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1968 - Frankie Lymon, American singer (b. 1942)<br /><br />● 1969 - Marius Barbeau, French Canadian folklorist (b. 1883)<br /><br />● 1970 - Marie Dionne, one of the French Canadian Dionne quintuplets (b. 1934)<br /><br />● 1972 - Pat Brady, American actor and singer (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1977 - John Dickson Carr, American author (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1978 - Vadim Salmanov, Russian composer (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 1980 - George Tobias, American actor (b. 1901)<br /><br />● 1981 - Jacob H. Gilbert, American politician (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 1985 - Henry Cabot Lodge, American politician (b. 1902)<br /><br />● 1986 - Jacques Plante, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 1987 - Joan Greenwood, English actress and director (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 1989 - Konrad Lorenz, Austrian zoologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 1989 - Paul Oswald Ahnert, German astronomer (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1990 - Nahum Norbert Glatzer, Jewish-American scholar (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 1992 - S. I. Hayakawa, Canadian-American linguist and politician (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1993 - Lillian Gish, American actress (b. 1893)<br /><br />● 1998 - George H. Hitchings, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1998 - J. T. Walsh, American actor (b. 1943)<br /><br />● 2002 - Spike Milligan, Irish comedian (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 2003 - Fred Rogers, American children's television actor (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 2003 - John Lanchbery, English composer (b. 1923)<br /><br />● 2004 - Paul Sweezy, American economist and editor (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 2004 - Yoshihiko Amino, Japanese historians (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 2006 - Linda Smith, British comedian (b. 1958)<br /><br />● 2006 - Otis Chandler, American newspaper publisher (b. 1927)<br /><br />● 2006 - Robert Lee Scott, Jr., U.S. General, Flying Tiger, and author (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 2007 - Bernd von Freytag-Loringhoven, German soldier (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 2007 - Bobby Rosengarden, American jazz drummer (b. 1924)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Alexander<br />● St. Anne Line<br />● St. Antigone<br />● St. Augustus Chapdelaine<br />● St. Baldomerus<br />● St. Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows (non-leap years)<br />● St. Honorina<br />● St. John of Gorze<br />● St. Julian<br />● St. Leander of Seville<br />● St. Thalelaeus<br />● Bl. Mark Barkworth<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 14 (Civil Date: February 27)<br />● St. Cyril, Equal-to-the Apostles, teacher of the Slavs.<br />● St. Auxentius, monk of Bithynia.<br />● St. Isaac, recluse of the Kiev Caves.<br />● St. Maron, hermit of Syria.<br />● St. Abraham, Bishop of Charres in Mesopotamia.<br />● Translation of the Relics of Martyr Michael and his counsellor Theodore of Chernigov.<br />● Martyr Philemon, Bishop of Gaza.<br />● New-Martyr George of Mitylene, at Constantinople.<br />● New-Martyr Nicholas of Corinth.<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● St. Leander<br /><br />● Anglican:<br />● George Herbert, priest<br /><br />● Bahá'í Faith - Day 2 of Ayyám-i-Há (Intercalary Days) - days in the Bahá'í calendar devoted to service and gift giving.<br /><br />● Roman Empire - Equirria; horse races in honor of the war god Mars were held.<br /><br />● Denmark - Street Urchins' Carnival.<br /><br />● Dominican Republic - Independence Day (National Day) (1844).<br /><br />● Russia - First day of Maslenitsa (2006)<br /><br />● St. Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla: Statehood Day (1967)<br /><br />● St. Kitts & Antigua - Independence Day (1967)</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-27.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_27"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#27"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-27.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-74318819849430732962008-02-26T00:01:00.002-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.554-07:00February 26......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 26</strong> is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 308 (309 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1979,. . . .,1990,1996,2001—MON—2007<br />1980,1985,1991,. . . .,2002—TUE—<strong>2008</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—WED—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—THU—2010<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—FRI—2011<br />1983,. . . .,1994,2000,2005—SAT—2012<br />1984,1989,1995,. . . .,2006—SUN—2013<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 26 is the 23rd possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 115 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 22nd/23rd of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />374, 385, 396, 469, 480, 559, 564, 643, 654, 727, 738, 749, 811, 822, 833, 844, 906, 917, 928, 1001, 1012, 1091, 1096, 1175, 1186, 1259, 1270, 1281, 1343, 1354, 1365, 1376, 1438, 1449, 1460, 1533, 1544, 1648, 1653, 1659, 1716, 1721, 1727, 1800, 1868, 1873, 1879, 1936, 1941<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2020, 2031, 2172, 2183, 2240, 2245, 2251, 2308, 2313, 2392, 2403, 2476, 2487, 2498, 2544, 2555, 2612, 2623, 2696, 2764, 2775, 2848, 2859, 2870, 2916, 2927, 2938, 3000, 3068, 3079, 3090, 3136, 3147, 3220, 3231, 3242, 3372, 3383, 3394, 3440, 3451, 3462, 3508, 3519, 3530, 3592, 3603, 3614, 3676, 3687, 3698, 3744, 3755, 3766, 3777, 3812, 3823, 3834, 3896, 3964, 3975, 3986, 4048, 4059, 4070, 4081<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Ethics </strong>"The first step in the evolution of ethics is a sense of solidarity with other human beings."<strong> — Albert Schweitzer</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Bashing the Clintons </strong>". . .<br />I heard the offending program segment, which I found quite humorous in a sharply satirical vein, but perfectly understandable and acceptable. And nobody in the LBJ hierarchy has pulled the plug on the First Amendment until now, because the financial profits have outweighed the political costs.<br />. . ."<strong> — Cliff Sparks, Travis County Republican Party Executive Committeeman. Letters, <i>Austin American-Statesman</i>, 11-1-96. {Letter was in response to editorial quote February 23 blog entry.}—Part 3 of 4</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"And Kansas City is at Chicago tonight, or is that Chicago at Kansas City? Well, no matter; Kansas City leads in the eighth, 4 to 4."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nP_2hLiUI/AAAAAAAAFmw/-MmDG84ADIs/s1600-h/65-67-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nP_2hLiVI/AAAAAAAAFm4/IpSEAp1G3w4/s400/65-67-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150376344748263762" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 26, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 74% Age: 67% Rise: 11:58 PM Set: 9:08 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 26, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 75% Age: 67% Rise: no rise Set: 9:37 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 26, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 75% Age: 67% Rise: no rise Set: 8:52 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 26, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 75% Age: 67% Rise: 11:39 PM Set: 8:27 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Mysterious Acid Haze on Venus<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080226.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8juAj1endI/AAAAAAAAF40/bPkuSmg5Vjw/s400/2008-02-26.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645865421970898" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: ESA/MPS, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 747 B.C.E. - Epoch (origin) of Ptolemy's Nabonassar Era.<br /><br />● 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Roman Emperor.<br /><br />● 1266 - Battle of Benevento: An army led by Charles, Count of Anjou, defeats a combined German and Sicilian force led by King Manfred of Sicily. Manfred is killed in the battle and Pope Clement IV invests Charles as king of Sicily and Naples.<br /><br />● 1531 - Earthquake in Lisbon Portugal, kills 20,000<br /><br />● 1534 - Pope Paul II affirms George van Egmond as bishop of Utrecht<br /><br />● 1564 - Christopher Marlowe, dramatist (Dr Faustus), baptized<br /><br />● 1590 - Mauritius of Nassaus sails to Breda<br /><br />● 1616 - Spanish Inquisition delivers injunction to Galileo<br /><br />● 1732 - In Philadelphia, Mass was celebrated for the first time at St Joseph's Church the only Roman Catholic church built and maintained in the American colonies before the Revolutionary War.<br /><br />● 1773 - Construction authorized for Walnut St jail (Philadelphia) (1st solitary)<br /><br />● 1794 - Christiansborg Castle, Copenhagen burns down.<br /><br />● 1797 - The Bank of England issues the first one-pound and two-pound notes.<br /><br />● 1802 - Author Victor Hugo was born in Besancon, France.<br /><br />● 1804 - Vice-Admiral William Bligh ends siege of Fort Amsterdam, Willemstad<br /><br />● 1807 - Birth of Johann K.F. Keil, German Bible scholar. His Old Testament commentary, written in collaboration with Franz Delitzsch, first appeared in 1861. Known today as "Keil & Delitzsch," the multi-volume set is still in print!<br /><br />● 1815 - Napoleon & 1,200 escape from Elba to start 100-day second conquest of France.<br /><br />● 1832 - Polish constitution abolished/replaced by Czar Nicholas I<br /><br />● 1834 - 1st US interstate crime compact (New York-New Jersey) ratified {Compact is the term for agreements between states since only the Federal government can enter into treaties.}<br /><br />● 1840 - Scottish clergyman Robert Murray McCheyne wrote in a letter: 'Our soul should be a mirror of Christ; we should reflect every feature: for every grace in Christ there should be a counterpart in us.'<br /><br />● 1846 - Birth of George C. Stebbins, American Baptist music evangelist. A composer of over 1,500 songs during his lifetime, Stebbins is still remembered today for writing the melodies to such hymns as: "I've Found a Friend," "Take Time to Be Holy," "Have Thine Own Way, Lord" and "Jesus is Tenderly Calling Thee Home."<br /><br />● 1846 - Frontiersman-turned-showman William F. ''Buffalo Bill'' Cody was born in Scott County, Iowa.<br /><br />● 1848 - The Communist Manifesto, written by Friedrich Engels and a 29-year-old Karl Marx, is published in Brussels.<br /><br />● 1848 - The second French Republic is proclaimed.<br /><br />● 1852 - British frigate Birkenhead sinks off South Africa-458 die<br /><br />● 1852 - John Harvey Kellogg, the American physician who developed dry cereal, was born.<br /><br />● 1862 - Battle of Woodburn, KY<br /><br />● 1863 - U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs the National Banking Act into law.<br /><br />● 1869 - 15th Amendment guaranteeing right to vote sent to states<br /><br />● 1870 - In New York City, the first pneumatic-subway opens.<br /><br />● 1870 - Wyatt Outlaw, black leader of Union League in North Carolina, lynched.<br /><br />● 1877 - Vancouver Island's first Coal Miner's union founded.<br /><br />● 1881 - Natal British troops under General-Major Colley occupy Majuba Hill<br /><br />● 1881 - SS Ceylon begins 1st round-the-world cruise from Liverpool<br /><br />● 1884 - British & Portuguese treaty signed in Congo by Leopold II<br /><br />● 1885 - The Berlin Act, which resulted from the Berlin Conference regulating European colonization and trade in Africa, was signed giving the Congo to Belgium & Nigeria to England.<br /><br />● 1891 - 1st buffalo purchased for Golden Gate Park<br /><br />● 1893 - 2 Clydesdale horses set record by pulling 48 tons on a sledge, Michigan<br /><br />● 1894 - With the passing of the "Laws scelerates," Jean Grave is charged for writing "La societe mourante et l'anarchie." He was sent to prison for two years and the court ordered the book be destroyed.<br /><br />● 1895 - Michael Owens of Toledo OH patents a glass-blowing machine<br /><br />● 1907 - Royal Oil & Shell merge to form British Petroleum (BP)<br /><br />● 1907 - US Congress raised their own salaries to $7500<br /><br />● 1912 - Coal strike begins, Derbyshire, England. Becomes a general, nationwide strike on March 1.<br /><br />● 1914 - New York Museum of Science & Industry incorporated<br /><br />● 1915 - Malancourt, Argonnen - 1st (German) flame-thrower<br /><br />● 1916 - Germans sink French transport ship Provence II, killing 930<br /><br />● 1916 - Russian troops conquer Kermansjah Persia<br /><br />● 1917 - 1st Annual fair at Utrecht Harbor (Netherlands)<br /><br />● 1917 - The Original Dixieland Jass Band records the first ever jazz record for the Victor Talking Machine Company in New York.<br /><br />● 1918 - Stands at Hong Kong Jockey Club collapse & burn, killing 604<br /><br />● 1919 - Acadia National Park established (as Lafayette National Park), Maine<br /><br />● 1919 - An act of the U.S. Congress establishes most of the Grand Canyon as a United States National Park.<br /><br />● 1921 - Russia - The revolutionary Kronstadt sailors sent delegates to Petrograd find out about strikes occurring there. The delegation visited a number of factories and returned two days later, beginning protests against the Bolshevik counter-revolution.<br /><br />● 1926 - French anarchist Georges Butaud (1868-1926) dies in Ermont. Most of his energies were devoted to creating anarchist colonies; he participated in several of them. In 1898 he founded a radical colony in the Parisian suburbs; he started another in 1899 in Saint Symphorien d' Ozon, in Isire, then in the "Milieu libre de Vaux" near Chateau-Thierry (1902 to 1906); in 1913 in Saint Maur (the Seine) a community farm devoted to agriculture and breeding. Butaud, sensitive to the problems of food consumption, became an advocate of vegetarianism, which he practiced, after the war, in the colony of Bascon (Aisne).<br /><br />● 1929 - The Grand Teton National Park is created.<br /><br />● 1930 - 1st red & green traffic lights installed (Manhattan NYC)<br /><br />● 1932 - Country musician Johnny Cash was born in Kingsland, Ark.<br /><br />● 1933 - Golden Gate Bridge ground-breaking ceremony held at Crissy Field<br /><br />● 1933 - Marinus van der Lubbe kept overnight in a police cell<br /><br />● 1935 - Robert Watson-Watt carried out a demonstration which led directly to the development of RADAR in the United Kingdom.<br /><br />● 1935 - The Luftwaffe is reformed.<br /><br />● 1936 - Hitler introduces Ferdinand Porsche's "Volkswagen"<br /><br />● 1936 - In the February 26 Incident, young Japanese military officers attempt to stage a coup against the government.<br /><br />● 1938 - 1st passenger ship equipped with radar<br /><br />● 1940 - US Air Defense Command established at Mitchell Field, Long Island NY<br /><br />● 1941 - Utrecht & Zaandam strike against raid on Jews<br /><br />● 1941 - Vichy-France makes religious education in school mandatory {and we know how well that turned out}<br /><br />● 1941 - Workers strike at Bethlehem Steel plants.<br /><br />● 1942 - German battle cruiser Gneisenau deactivated by bomb<br /><br />● 1942 - Radio Orange calls for March 1 day of prayer in Dutch Indies<br /><br />● 1942 - Werner Heisenberger informs Nazis about uranium project "Wunderwaffen"<br /><br />● 1942 - WWII Navy flier Don Mason sends message "Sighted sub sank same"<br /><br />● 1943 - German assault moves to Beja North Tunisia<br /><br />● 1944 - 1st female US navy captain, Sue Dauser of nurse corps, appointed<br /><br />● 1944 - Shooting begins of the Nazi propaganda film, The Fuhrer Gives a Village to the Jews in Theresienstadt.<br /><br />● 1945 - In the U.S., a nationwide midnight curfew went into effect.<br /><br />● 1945 - Very heavy bombing on Berlin by 8th US Air Force<br /><br />● 1946 - 2 killed & 10 wounded in race riot in Columbia TN<br /><br />● 1949 - USAF plane began 1st nonstop around-the-world flight<br /><br />● 1951 - Bread rationing in Czechoslovakia<br /><br />● 1951 - The 22nd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified, limiting U.S. Presidents to two terms.<br /><br />● 1952 - Netherlands-Indonesian Unity conference<br /><br />● 1952 - United Kingdom Prime Minister Winston Churchill announces that his nation has a H-bomb.<br /><br />● 1953 - Allen W Dulles, promoted from deputy to 5th director of CIA<br /><br />● 1954 - 1st typesetting machine (photo engraving) used, Quincy MA<br /><br />● 1954 - Four crewmen aboard a C-119 die when their plane crashes after observing the time-honored Air Force tradition of buzzing the Huntington, Tennessee courthouse.<br /><br />● 1954 - Michigan Representative Ruth Thompson (R) introduces legislation to ban mailing "obscene, lewd, lascivious or filthy" phonograph (rock & roll) records<br /><br />● 1955 - 1st aviator to bail out at supersonic speed - G F Smith<br /><br />● 1955 - Singer LaVern Baker appeals to Congress to revise the Copyright Act of 1909 so recording artists can be protected against "note-for-note copying" of all presently recorded R&B tunes and arrangements by white artists and arrangers. The long-standing problem had been exacerbated by white "rock and roll" artists ripping off previously recorded black music.<br /><br />● 1960 - Soviet premier Khrushchev voices support for Indonesia<br /><br />● 1962 - US Supreme court disallows race separation on public transportation<br /><br />● 1963 - The Lutheran World Federation's missionary radio station at Addis Ababa, in Ethiopia, was dedicated.<br /><br />● 1965 - Dutch Government of Marijnen falls<br /><br />● 1965 - Jimmy Lee Jackson, civil rights activist, dies from beating by Alabama police.<br /><br />● 1965 - West Germany ceases military aid to Tanzania<br /><br />● 1966 - Apollo Program: Launch of AS-201, the first flight of the Saturn IB rocket<br /><br />● 1966 - Four thousand picket outside New York's Waldorf-Astoria Hotel as Pres. Lyndon Johnson receives the National Freedom Award. As Johnson begins his speech in defense of his Vietnam policies, James Peck of the War Resisters League jumps to his feet and shouts, "Mr. President, peace in Vietnam!" On the streets, meanwhile, activist A.J. Muste presents the crowd's own "Freedom Award" to Julian Bond, who has been denied his seat in the Georgia legislature for refusing to disavow his war opposition and his support of the Student Non- Violent Coordinating Committee.<br /><br />● 1967 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR<br /><br />● 1968 - Clandestine Radio Voice of Iraqi People (Communist) final transmission<br /><br />● 1968 - Hospital blaze kills 21 patients; Twenty-one female patients die in a fire which sweeps through a wing of the Shelton Mental Hospital near Shrewsbury.<br /><br />● 1969 - Minority students occupy President's office at Seattle Central Community College.<br /><br />● 1970 - National Public Radio incorporates as a non-profit corporation.<br /><br />● 1970 - U.S. Army supposedly discontinues surveillance of civilian anti-war demonstrations and maintenance of files on protestors.<br /><br />● 1971 - Secretary-General U Thant signs United Nations proclamation of the vernal equinox as Earth Day.<br /><br />● 1972 - West Virginia coalslag heap, which had doubled as a dam, suddenly collapses, flooding the 17-mile ling Buffalo Creek Valley. 125 die, 14 mining camps leveled, and 5,000 people are left homeless.<br /><br />● 1974 - Ford Motor Co., Henry Ford, and their Nazi war efforts revealed in Senate report.<br /><br />● 1974 - Gold hits record $188 an ounce in Paris<br /><br />● 1976 - Body of American Indian Movement activist Anna Mae Aquash, in a murder never solved but widely attributed to the FBI, is found in rural South Dakota. The FBI initially claimed Aquash died of exposure, and buried her before family or friends could view the body; when exhumed, she was found to have an FBI-issue bullet in her head.<br /><br />● 1976 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1977 - 1st flight of Space Shuttle (atop a Boeing 747)<br /><br />● 1979 - Last total eclipse of Sun in 20th century for continental US<br /><br />● 1980 - Egypt & Israel exchange ambassadors for the 1st time<br /><br />● 1980 - Military coup under Desi Bouterse in Suriname<br /><br />● 1981 - 3 Anglican missionaries detained in Iran since August 1980 are released<br /><br />● 1984 - Pak Awang (84) marries 80th spouse<br /><br />● 1984 - US troops withdraw from Beirut. President Ronald Reagan had sent the troops as a peacekeeping force in August 1982.<br /><br />● 1986 - Corazon Aquino was inaugurated president of the Phillipines. Long time President Ferdinand Marcos flees the Philippines with U.S. assistance.<br /><br />● 1986 - Robert Penn Warren is named poet laureate of the United States.<br /><br />● 1987 - Iran-Contra affair: The Tower Commission rebukes American President Ronald Reagan for not controlling his national security staff.<br /><br />● 1987 - NASA launches GEOS-H<br /><br />● 1987 - Synod says 'yes' to women priests; The Church of England's General Synod votes by a huge majority in favour of the ordination of women priests.<br /><br />● 1987 - The U.S.S.R. conducted its first nuclear weapons test after a 19-month moratorium period.<br /><br />● 1990 - The Sandinistas are defeated in Nicaraguan elections.<br /><br />● 1990 - USSR agrees to withdraw all 73,500 troops from Czechoslovakia by July, 1991<br /><br />● 1991 - Gulf War: On Baghdad Radio Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein announces the withdrawal of Iraqi troops from Kuwait.<br /><br />● 1991 - Kuwaiti resistance leaders declare they have control of their capital<br /><br />● 1991 - Pres. George Bush I admits supporting Khmer Rouge in Cambodia -- an illegal act.<br /><br />● 1991 - Tim Berners-Lee introduces WorldWideWeb, the first web browser.<br /><br />● 1991 - U.S. air forces, in the infamous "turkey shoot," drop fuel-air bombs and massacre thousands of retreating Iraqi conscripts on the Basra road from Kuwait.<br /><br />● 1992 - Irish Supreme Court rules 14-year-old rape victim may get an abortion.<br /><br />● 1993 - World Trade Center bombing: In New York City, a truck bomb parked below the North Tower of the World Trade Center goes off, killing 6 and injuring over a thousand. By the following day, over 40 groups will claim responsibility. The buildings would be destroyed in a subsequent attack on September 11, 2001.<br /><br />● 1995 - at The Houston Astrodome Selena Quintanilla-Perez performed in her last concert before she was killed.<br /><br />● 1995 - The United Kingdom's oldest investment banking firm, Barings Bank collapses after a securities broker, Nick Leeson, loses $1.4 billion by speculating on the Singapore International Monetary Exchange using futures contracts.<br /><br />● 1997 - Thirty-six arrested at a state capitol encampment protesting welfare cutbacks, St. Paul, Minnesota.<br /><br />● 1998 - An international weapons inspection team, including Canadian MP Libby Davies, is not allowed entry to either confirm or deny the presence of weapons of mass destruction at the Bangor (Wash.) nuclear submarine base. Aerial photos the same day, however, suggest the odds of such heinous weapons were pretty damn high.<br /><br />● 1998 - In Oregon, a health panel rules that taxpayers must help to pay for doctor-assisted suicides.<br /><br />● 1998 - Total solar eclipse in Venezuela-Pacific Ocean<br /><br />● 2000 - Pope John Paul II visited Mount Sinai in Egypt, revered as the place where Moses received the Ten Commandments.<br /><br />● 2000 - UK Government moves to gag ex-spy; Former British spy David Shayler is being sued by the government for breach of confidence and contract over information leaked to a newspaper.<br /><br />● 2001 - A U.N. tribunal convicted Bosnian Croat political leader Dario Kordic and military commander Mario Cerkez of war crimes for ordering the systematic murder and persecution of Muslim civilians during the Bosnian war.<br /><br />● 2001 - The Taliban destroy two giant Buddha statues in Bamyan, Afghanistan.<br /><br />● 2002 - In Rome, Italy, a bomb exploded near the Interior Ministry. No injuries were reported.<br /><br />● 2004 - Macedonian President Boris Trajkovski is killed in a plane crash near Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.<br /><br />● 2004 - The United States lifts a ban on travel to Libya, ending travel restrictions to the nation that had lasted for 23 years.<br /><br />● 2005 - Hosni Mubarak the president of Egypt orders the constitution changed to allow multi-candidate presidential elections before September 2005 by asking Egyptian parliament to amend Article 76 of the constitution.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1361 - Wenceslaus IV, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia (d. 1419)<br /><br />● 1564 - Christopher Marlowe, English dramatist (d. 1593)<br /><br />● 1587 - Stefano Landi, Italian composer (d. 1639)<br /><br />● 1629 - Archibald Argyll, Scottish Protestant leader (d. 1685)<br /><br />● 1671 - Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury, English politician and philosopher (d. 1713)<br /><br />● 1672 - Antoine Augustine Calmet, French theologian (d. 1757)<br /><br />● 1714 - James Hervey, English clergyman and writer (d. 1758)<br /><br />● 1715 - Claude Adrien Helvétius, French philosopher (d. 1771)<br /><br />● 1720 - Gian Francesco Albani, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1803)<br /><br />● 1746 - Archduchess Marie Amalie of Austria, duchess of Piacenza (d. 1806)<br /><br />● 1749 - Jeremy Bentham, English jurist and philosopher (d. 1832)<br /><br />● 1786 - François Arago, French mathematician (d. 1853)<br /><br />● 1799 - Émile Clapeyron, French engineer and physicist (d. 1864)<br /><br />● 1802 - Victor Hugo, French writer (d. 1885)<br /><br />● 1808 - Honoré Daumier, French painter, illustrator, and sculptor (d. 1879)<br /><br />● 1814 - Charles Joseph Sainte-Claire Deville, French geologist (d. 1876)<br /><br />● 1829 - Levi Strauss, German-born clothing designer (d. 1902)<br /><br />● 1846 - William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody, American pioneer, officer, and hunter (d. 1917)<br /><br />● 1852 - John Harvey Kellogg, American surgeon, advocate of dietary reform (d. 1943 )<br /><br />● 1857 - Émile Coué, French psychologist (d. 1926)<br /><br />● 1858 - Vladimir Serbsky, Russian psychiatrist (d. 1917)<br /><br />● 1861 - King Ferdinand of Bulgaria (d. 1948)<br /><br />● 1861 - Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya, Russian revolutionary, Lenin's wife (d. 1939)<br /><br />● 1866 - Herbert H. Dow, American founder of Dow Chemical Co. (d. 1930)<br /><br />● 1877 - Rudolph Dirks, American cartoonist of "Katzenjammer Kids" (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1879 - Frank Bridge, English composer (d. 1941)<br /><br />● 1882 - Husband E. Kimmel, American admiral (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1884 - Francesco Borgongini-Duca, Italian Vatican cardinal (d. 1954)<br /><br />● 1885 - Aleksandras Stulginskis, President of Lithuania (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1887 - Grover Cleveland Alexander, American baseball player (d. 1950)<br /><br />● 1887 - Sir Benegal Narsing Rau, Indian jurist (d. 1953)<br /><br />● 1887 - William Frawley, American actor (d. 1966)<br /><br />● 1893 - I. A. Richards, English literary critic (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1899 - Max Petitpierre, member of the Swiss Federal Council (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1902 - Jean Bruller, alias Vercors, French writer and illustrator (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1903 - Giulio Natta, Italian chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1906 - Madeleine Carroll, English actress (d. 1987)<br /><br />● 1907 - Dub Taylor, American actor (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1908 - Jean-Pierre Wimille, French race car driver (d. 1949)<br /><br />● 1908 - Tex Avery, American cartoonist (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1909 - Fanny Cradock, English food writer and broadcaster (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1909 - King Talal of Jordan (d. 1972)<br /><br />● 1911 - Tarō Okamoto, Japanese avant-garde artist (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1912 - Dane Clark, American actor (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1914 - Robert Alda, American actor (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1916 - Jackie Gleason, American actor, writer, composer, and comedian (d. 1987)<br /><br />● 1918 - Otis Ray Bowen, American politician and physician<br /><br />● 1918 - Theodore Sturgeon, American writer (d. 1985)<br /><br />● 1919 - Mason Adams, American actor (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1919 - Rie Mastenbroek, Dutch swimmer (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1920 - Danny Gardella, American baseball player (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1920 - Lucjan Wolanowski, Polish journalist, writer and traveller (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1920 - Tony Randall, American actor (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1921 - Betty Hutton, American actress and singer (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1922 - Margaret Leighton, British actress (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1926 - Miroslava Stern, Mexican actress (d. 1955)<br /><br />● 1927 - Tom Kennedy, American game show host<br /><br />● 1928 - Anatoli Filipchenko, Soviet cosmonaut<br /><br />● 1928 - Ariel Sharon, Prime Minister of Israel<br /><br />● 1928 - Fats Domino, American musician<br /><br />● 1928 - Monique Leyrac, French Canadian singer and actress<br /><br />● 1930 - Lazar Berman, Russian pianist (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1931 - Ally McLeod, Scottish footballer and manager (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1931 - Robert Novak, Political columnist<br /><br />● 1932 - Johnny Cash, American singer (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1934 - Robert Novak, American political columnist {and self-confessed traitor}<br /><br />● 1937 - Hagood Hardy, Canadian musician and composer (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1938 - Evagoras Pallikarides, Cypriot freedom fighter (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1939 - Josephine Tewson, English actress<br /><br />● 1941 - Tony Ray-Jones, British photographer (d. 1972)<br /><br />● 1943 - Bill Duke, American actor and director<br /><br />● 1943 - Paul Cotton, Country musician (Poco)<br /><br />● 1945 - Bob Hite, American singer and harmonicist (Canned Heat) (d. 1981)<br /><br />● 1945 - Giannis Ioannidis, Greek basketball coach and politician<br /><br />● 1945 - Marta Kristen, Norwegian actress<br /><br />● 1945 - Mitch Ryder, American musician (The Detroit Wheels)<br /><br />● 1945 - Peter Brock, Australian motorsports champion (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1946 - Ahmed H. Zewail, Egyptian chemist, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1947 - Sandie Shaw, English singer<br /><br />● 1949 - Emma Kirkby, British early music singer<br /><br />● 1950 - Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand<br /><br />● 1950 - Jonathan Cain, Rock musician (Journey)<br /><br />● 1951 - Lee Atwater, American political operative (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1953 - Michael Bolton, American singer<br /><br />● 1954 - Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of Turkey<br /><br />● 1956 - Keisuke Kuwata, Japanese singer<br /><br />● 1957 - David Muldrow Beasley, American politician<br /><br />● 1957 - Joe Mullen, American ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1958 - Michel Houellebecq, French novelist<br /><br />● 1959 - Rolando Blackman, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1960 - Jaz Coleman, British musician<br /><br />● 1961 - John McDaniel, Bandleader<br /><br />● 1962(58? NYT) - Greg Germann, American actor (''Ally McBeal'')<br /><br />● 1966 - Jennifer Grant, Actress<br /><br />● 1966 - Najwa Karam, Lebanese singer<br /><br />● 1968 - Ed Quinn, American Actor<br /><br />● 1968 - J.T. Snow, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1969 - Hitoshi Sakimoto, Japanese composer<br /><br />● 1971 - Erykah Badu, American singer<br /><br />● 1971 - Hélène Ségara, French singer<br /><br />● 1971 - Max Martin, Swedish composer and producer<br /><br />● 1972 - Rico Wade, R&B singer (Society of Soul)<br /><br />● 1973 - Jenny Thompson, American swimmer<br /><br />● 1973 - Marshall Faulk, American football player<br /><br />● 1973 - Ole Gunnar Solskjær, Norwegian footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Sébastien Loeb, French rally driver<br /><br />● 1975 - Kyle Norman, R&B singer (Jagged Edge)<br /><br />● 1976 - Nikolaos Siranidis, Greek diver<br /><br />● 1977 - Josh Towers, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1977 - Marty Reasoner, American ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1977 - Shane Williams, Welsh International Rugby Player<br /><br />● 1978 - Abdoulaye Diagne-Faye, Senegalese footballer<br /><br />● 1978 - John Tartaglia, Broadway performer and "Muppeteer"<br /><br />● 1978 - Marc Hynes, British racing driver<br /><br />● 1979 - Corinne Bailey Rae, English singer<br /><br />● 1979 - Mariano Bainotti, Argentine racing driver<br /><br />● 1979 - Pedro Mendes, Portuguese footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Alex Fong, Hong Kong singer<br /><br />● 1980 - Gary Majewski, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1980 - Leela Majumdar, Bengali writer<br /><br />● 1980 - Rodney Hayden, Country singer<br /><br />● 1981 - Johnathan Wendel, American professional video gamer<br /><br />● 1981 - Kertus Davis, American NASCAR driver<br /><br />● 1982 - Jay Mullen, British actor<br /><br />● 1982 - Song Hye Kyo, South Korean model and actress<br /><br />● 1983 - Kara Monaco, American model<br /><br />● 1983 - Varick Pyr, Hip-Hop artist<br /><br />● 1984 - Emmanuel Adebayor, Togolese footballer<br /><br />● 1984 - Natalia Lafourcade, Mexican singer<br /><br />● 1985 - Alexandria Hilfiger, American actress, daughter of Tommy Hilfiger<br /><br />● 1986 - Crystal Kay, Japanese singer<br /><br />● 1987 - Julia Bond, American adult actress<br /><br />● 1993 - Taylor Dooley, American actress</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1154 - King Roger II of Sicily (b. 1093)<br /><br />● 1200 - Symeon, former Serbian ruler and saint<br /><br />● 1266 - King Manfred of Sicily<br /><br />● 1360 - Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March, English military leader (b. 1328)<br /><br />● 1525 - Cuauhtémoc, Aztec ruler<br /><br />● 1552 - Heinrich Faber, German composer<br /><br />● 1561 - Jorge de Montemayor, Spanish writer<br /><br />● 1577 - King Eric XIV of Sweden (b. 1533)<br /><br />● 1608 - John Still, English bishop<br /><br />● 1630 - William Brade, English composer (b. 1560)<br /><br />● 1638 - Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac, French mathematician (b. 1681)<br /><br />● 1723 - Thomas d'Urfey, English writer (b. 1653)<br /><br />● 1726 - Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (b. 1662)<br /><br />● 1770 - Giuseppe Tartini, Italian composer (b. 1692)<br /><br />● 1802 - Esek Hopkins, American Revolutionary War admiral (b. 1718)<br /><br />● 1813 - Robert Livingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1746)<br /><br />● 1815 - Prince Josias of Coburg, Austrian general (b. 1737)<br /><br />● 1821 - Joseph de Maistre, Savoyard diplomat and writer (b. 1753)<br /><br />● 1864 - Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine, French Canadian politician (b. 1807)<br /><br />● 1883 - Alexandros Koumoundouros, Greek politician, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1817)<br /><br />● 1889 - Karl Davydov, Russian cellist (b. 1838)<br /><br />● 1903 - Richard Jordan Gatling, American inventor (b. 1818)<br /><br />● 1913 - Felix Draeseke, German composer (b. 1835)<br /><br />● 1921 - Carl Menger, Austrian economist (b. 1840)<br /><br />● 1931 - Otto Wallach, German chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1847)<br /><br />● 1933 - Princess Thyra, daughter of Christian IX of Denmark (b. 1853)<br /><br />● 1943 - Theodor Eicke, Nazi official (b. 1892)<br /><br />● 1947 - Heinrich Häberlin, Swiss politician, member of the Federal Council (b. 1868)<br /><br />● 1950 - Sir Harry Lauder, Scottish Music Hall Entertainer, Knighted for WWI War Work (b. 1870)<br /><br />● 1961 - King Mohammed V of Morocco (b. 1909)<br /><br />● 1966 - Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Indian freedom fighter and writer (b. 1883)<br /><br />● 1969 - Karl Jaspers, German psychiatrist (b. 1883)<br /><br />● 1969 - Levi Eshkol, Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1971 - Fernandel, French actor (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 1981 - Howard Hanson, American composer (b. 1896)<br /><br />● 1981 - Robert Aickman, English writer and conservationist (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1985 - Tjalling Koopmans, Dutch economist, Nobel laureate (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 1989 - Roy Eldridge, American musician (b. 1911)<br /><br />● 1990 - Cornell Gunter, American singer (The Coasters) (b. 1938)<br /><br />● 1993 - Constance Ford, American actress (b. 1923)<br /><br />● 1994 - Bill Hicks, American comedian (b. 1961)<br /><br />● 1995 - Jack Clayton, British film director (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 1997 - David Doyle, American actor (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 1998 - Theodore Schultz, American economist, Nobel laureate (b. 1902)<br /><br />● 2000 - George L. Street III, American Navy Submariner (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 2001 - Arturo Uslar Pietri, Venezuelan writer (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 2001 - Sir Donald Bradman, Australian cricket player (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 2002 - Lawrence Tierney, American actor (b. 1919)<br /><br />● 2003 - Christian Goethals, Belgian racing driver (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 2004 - Adolf Ehrnrooth, Finnish general (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 2004 - Boris Trajkovski, President of the Republic of Macedonia (b. 1956)<br /><br />● 2004 - Shankarrao Chavan, Indian politician (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 2005 - Jef Raskin, American computer scientist (b. 1943)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Alexander of Alexandria<br />● St. Dionysius of Augsburg<br />● St. Faustinian<br />● St. Fortunatus<br />● St. Isabel of France<br />● St. Mechtild (d. 1154)<br />● St. Nestor (died 251)<br />● St. Papias<br />● St. Victor<br />● Bl. Edigna<br />● Bl. Leo of Furnes (d. 1163)<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 13 (Civil Date: February 26)<br />● St. Martinian, monk of Caesaria in Palestine.<br />● Holy woman Zoe and Virgin Photina.<br />● St Symeon the Myrrhgusher, prince of Serbia.<br />● St. Eulogius, Archbishop of Alexandria.<br />● St. Joseph of Volokolamsk.<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Ap & Martyr Aquila, and Priscilla.<br />● Repose of Archbishop George Konissky of Belo-Russia (1795)<br />● Repose of Abbess Seraphima of Sezenovo (1877).<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● St. Ethelbert, king of Kent; baptized by St. Augustine<br />● St. Nestor<br /><br />● Bahá'í Faith - February 26, Day 1 of Ayyám-i-Há (Intercalary Days) - days in the Bahá'í calendar devoted to service and gift giving.<br /><br />● Nation of Islam - Savior's Day - commemoration of the birthdate of Wallace Fard Muhammad, believed to be Allah in human form, the saviour of the black race.<br /><br />● Kuwait - Liberation Day (1991).</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-26.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_26"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#26"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-26.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-84828310059116814052008-02-25T00:01:00.002-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.555-07:00February 25......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 25</strong> is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 309 (310 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1980,1985,1991,. . . .,2002—MON—<strong>2008</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—TUE—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—WED—2009<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—THU—2010<br />1983,. . . .,1994,2000,2005—FRI—2011<br />1984,1989,1995,. . . .,2006—SAT—2012<br />. . . .,1990,1996,2001,2007—SUN—. . . .<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 25 is the 22nd possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 112 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 24th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />347, 358, 369, 380, 442, 453, 464, 537, 548, 627, 632, 711, 722, 795, 806, 817, 879, 890, 901, 912, 974, 985, 996, 1069, 1080, 1159, 1164, 1243, 1254, 1327, 1338, 1349, 1411, 1422, 1433, 1444, 1506, 1517, 1528, 1626, 1632, 1637, 1705, 1784, 1789, 1846, 1852, 1857, 1903, 1914, 1925, 1998, 2004<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2009, 2088, 2093, 2099, 2150, 2156, 2161, 2218, 2224, 2229, 2376, 2381, 2460, 2465, 2528, 2533, 2601, 2680, 2685, 2691, 2742, 2748, 2753, 2832, 2837, 2843, 2905, 2984, 2995, 3052, 3057, 3120, 3125, 3204, 3215, 3288, 3299, 3356, 3367, 3424, 3429, 3435, 3576, 3587, 3660, 3671, 3682, 3728, 3739, 3801, 3807, 3880, 3891, 3948, 3953, 3959, 4032, 4043, 4054<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Equality </strong>"From the equality of rights springs identity of our highest interests; you cannot subvert you neighbor's rights without striking a dangerous at your own."<strong> — Carl Schurz</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Bashing the Clintons </strong>". . .<br />Rollye James had become a problem, not because of her flippantly satirical discussion of an extremely anti-Clinton bumper sticker, but because of her thinly-veiled on-air support of Republican candidates; husband, John Doggett (who testified against Anita Hill during the Clarence Thomas hearings), had been getting national television coverage as a reporter and local radio exposure guest-hosting shows on a competing Austin station.<br />. . ."<strong> — Cliff Sparks, Travis County Republican Party Executive Committeeman. Letters, <i>Austin American-Statesman</i>, 11-1-96. {Letter was in response to editorial quote February 23 blog entry.}—Part 2 of 4</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"That's the fourth extra base hit for the Padres—two doubles and a triple."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nT6WhLieI/AAAAAAAAFoA/jY8EZiPWRMw/s1600-h/81-83-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nT6mhLifI/AAAAAAAAFoI/TVbXwP85JME/s400/81-83-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150380652600461810" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 25, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 82% Age: 64% Rise: 10:56 PM Set: 8:40 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 25, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 83% Age: 64% Rise: 11:06 PM Set: 9:07 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 25, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 83% Age: 64% Rise: 10:57 PM Set: 8:28 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 25, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 83% Age: 63% Rise: 10:34 PM Set: 8:03 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Dawn of the Large Hadron Collider<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080225.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8jtlD1encI/AAAAAAAAF4s/X6FXy42F7vY/s400/2008-02-25.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645392975568322" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Maximilien Brice, CERN<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor.<br /><br />● 1095 - Council of Rockingham bishop Anselmus vs King William II Rufus<br /><br />● 1358 - Dalmatië flees Venice<br /><br />● 1497 - Italians troops reconquer Taranto on France<br /><br />● 1502 - Austrian emperor Maximilian I reformats government machine<br /><br />● 1540 - Francisco Vásquez de Coronado searches for 7 cities of Cibola México<br /><br />● 1570 - Queen Elizabeth I of England was excommunicated by Pope Pius V for her severe persecution of Roman Catholics in England and absolves her subjects from allegiance. (It was the last such judgment made against a reigning monarch by any pope.)<br /><br />● 1605 - Portuguese garrison on Ambon surrenders to Admiral Van der Haghen<br /><br />● 1623 - Duke Maximilian I of Bavaria becomes monarch of Palts<br /><br />● 1634 - Irish captain Walter Devereaux kills duke Wallenstein<br /><br />● 1643 - Massacre of friendly Indians by Dutch Gov. Kiert of New York and soldiers of Staten Island; 120 Wecquaesgeek men, women and children asleep in their wigwams die. Eyewitness David P. deVries wrote - "...about midnight I heard a great shrieking, and I ran to the ramparts of the fort...Saw nothing but firing, and heard the shrieks of the savages murdered in their sleep. When it was day the soldiers returned to the fort, having massacred or murdered 80 Indians, and considering they had done a deed of Roman valor, in murdering so many in their sleep; where infants were torn from mother's breasts, and hacked to pieces in the presence of the parents, and the pieces thrown into the fire and in the water, and other sucklings, being bound top small boards, were cut, stuck, pierced, and miserably massacred in a manner to move a heart of stone...Some came to our people in the country with their hands, some with their legs cut off, and some holding their entrails in their arms, and others had such horrible cuts and gashes, that worse than they were could never happen."<br /><br />● 1667 - Abraham Crijnssens fleet reach Fort Willoughby on Suriname River<br /><br />● 1738 - English revivalist George Whitefield wrote in a letter: 'God, I find, has a people everywhere; Christ has a flock, though but a little flock, in all places.'<br /><br />● 1746 - Cumberlands troops occupy Aberdeen<br /><br />● 1778 - Birth of Jose de San Martin, liberator of Argentina, Chile, Peru.<br /><br />● 1791 - 1st Bank of US chartered<br /><br />● 1793 - George Washington holds the first Cabinet meeting as President of the United States in his home.<br /><br />● 1797 - Colonel William Tate and his force of 1000-1500 French surrender two days after the Last Invasion of Britain<br /><br />● 1799 - 1st federal forestry legislation authorizes purchase of timber land<br /><br />● 1799 - Congress passes 1st federal quarantine legislation<br /><br />● 1803 - 1,800 sovereign German states unite into 60 states<br /><br />● 1804 - Jefferson nominated for President at Democratic-Republican caucus<br /><br />● 1824 - The Baptist General Tract Society was organized in Washington, D.C. In 1826 the society was moved to Philadelphia, and by 1840, the organization had issued over 3.5 million copies of 162 different tracts.<br /><br />● 1825 - Robert Owen announces New Harmony utopian plan in Indiana to government dignitaries in the Hall of the U.S. House of Representatives.<br /><br />● 1828 - John Quincy Adam's son John marries in the White House<br /><br />● 1836 - Samuel Colt receives an American patent for the Colt revolver.<br /><br />● 1836 - US Showman Phineas Taylor Barnum exhibits African American slave Joice Heth.<br /><br />● 1837 - First U.S. electric printing press patented by Thomas Davenport.<br /><br />● 1839 - Seminoles & black allies shipped from Tampa Bay FL, to the West<br /><br />● 1847 - State University of Iowa is approved<br /><br />● 1859 - Dan Sickles becomes first man in the U.S. to use now largely discarded plea of insanity to prove innocence.<br /><br />● 1862 - Congress establishes the US Bureau of Engraving & Printing<br /><br />● 1862 - Paper currency (greenbacks) introduced in US by President Abraham Lincoln<br /><br />● 1863 - Congress creates national banking system, comptroller of currency<br /><br />● 1870 - Hiram Rhodes Revels, a Republican from Mississippi, is sworn into the United States Senate, becoming the first African American ever to sit in the U.S. Congress.<br /><br />● 1874 - Skokomish reservation established (near Shelton, Wash.).<br /><br />● 1875 - Kiowa Indians under Lone Wolf (Guipago) surrender at Ft Sill<br /><br />● 1879 - Congress passed 1st Timberland Protection Act<br /><br />● 1885 - US Congress condemns barbed wire around government grounds<br /><br />● 1888 - John Foster Dulles, the American Secretary of State from 1953-1959, was born.<br /><br />● 1892 - Birth of Andre Soudy (1892-1913), Beaugency, Loiret. French anarchist illegalist, member of the Bonnot Gang. Soudy first met Bonnot and other gang members at the anarchist Romainville colony. In Mar. 1912, Soudy took part in an attack in which two people were killed. He was captured five days later, sentenced to death the following February, and guillotined with Callemin and Monier in April 1913.<br /><br />● 1896 - Italian government decides to attack governor Baratieri of Eritrea<br /><br />● 1902 - Birth of Oscar Cullmann, German New Testament scholar. Best known for pioneering a "salvation history" view of the NT, Cullmann's two best-known publications were "Christ and Time" (1946) and "Christology of the New Testament" (1959).<br /><br />● 1902 - The mill manager of the George A. Whiting Paper Company in Plover, Wisconsin, discharges a shipping clerk who is trying to organize workers in the plant. His outraged co-workers hold a protest rally at which they form a lodge of the United Brotherhood of Paper Makers and demand that the company reinstate the clerk. When nothing happens, 25 union men shut down the plant and walk out, followed by about 20 women employed in the finishing room. By April, strikes disrupt plants up and down the Wisconsin River Valley. The American Federation of Labor and the Wisconsin State Federation of Labor send support, but the companies stand firm and, by the end of April, defeat the strikers.<br /><br />● 1905 - Netherlands Workers van Vakverenigingen, (NVV) political party forms<br /><br />● 1907 - US proclaims protectorate over Dominican Republic<br /><br />● 1908 - 1st tunnel under the Hudson River (railway tunnel) opens<br /><br />● 1910 - Dali Lama flees Tibet from Chinese troop to British-Indies<br /><br />● 1912 - Marie-Adélaïde, the eldest of six daughters of Guillaume IV, becomes the first reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg.<br /><br />● 1913 - British feminist Emmeline Pankhurst accused in Surrey bombing plot.<br /><br />● 1913 - IWW silk workers strike begins in Paterson, New Jersey.<br /><br />● 1913 - Pioneer missionary Eduard L. Arndt first arrived in Shanghai, China, 10 months after having founded the Evangelical Lutheran Missions for China. He afterward established missions and schools in the Hankow territory, and translated hymns and sermons into Chinese. (In 1917 the Missouri Synod took over the ELMS mission.)<br /><br />● 1913 - The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution, authorizing a graduated income tax, is ratified.<br /><br />● 1915 - Clydeside armament workers strike for more pay.<br /><br />● 1916 - German troops conquer Fort Douaumont near Verdun<br /><br />● 1919 - League of Nations set up by Paris Treaty<br /><br />● 1919 - Oregon places a 1 cent per U.S. gallon tax on gasoline, becoming the first U.S. state to levy a gasoline tax.<br /><br />● 1919 - Released conscientious objectors return pay for non-combatant service to U.S. government.<br /><br />● 1919 - Russia - The Cheka closes down the newspaper "Vsegda Vpered." This marks a return to despotic rule by Bolsheviks. In January the Mensheviks had been "legalized" and allowed to publish this paper in Moscow, but the short-lived era of relative freedom is no more.<br /><br />● 1920 - Arrest of Andrea Salsedo and Roberto Elia, anarchist editors, for "interrogation" about the anarchist attacks in the U.S. over the previous year. Andrea Salsedo was suicided two months later, defenestrated from the 14th floor of the Department of Justice where he was being questioned.<br /><br />● 1921 - Tbilisi, capital of the Democratic Republic of Georgia, occupied by Bolshevist Russia.<br /><br />● 1923 - Bread in Berlin rises to 2,000 Marks<br /><br />● 1925 - Glacier Bay National Monument (now Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve) is established in Alaska.<br /><br />● 1925 - The diplomatic relations between Japan and the Soviet Union were established.<br /><br />● 1926 - Francisco Franco becomes General of Spain<br /><br />● 1926 - Kwo-Min-Tang (Guomindang) declares war on government/warlords<br /><br />● 1927 - Gdansk & Polish accord concerning traffic through Polish corridor<br /><br />● 1928 - Charles Jenkins Laboratories of Washington, DC becomes the first holder of a television license from the Federal Radio Commission.<br /><br />● 1930 - Check photographing device patented<br /><br />● 1932 - Immigrant Adolf Hitler gets German citizenship by naturalization, opening the opportunity for him to run in the 1932 election for Reichspräsident.<br /><br />● 1932 - British volunteers Herbert Gray, Maude Royden, and Dick Sheppard organize nonviolent "Peace Army" to attempt to intervene in fighting in China.<br /><br />● 1932 - Pierre Lariviere (1884?-1932) dies. French anarchist, painter, and caricaturist.<br /><br />● 1933 - The USS Ranger is launched, becoming the first custom-built aircraft carrier.<br /><br />● 1938 - British Lord Halifax becomes Foreign Minister<br /><br />● 1939 - 1st Anderson bomb shelter in Britain erected in an Islington garden<br /><br />● 1941 - February strike: First general & physical protest against Nazi anti-Jewish behaviour & -laws (Amsterdam)<br /><br />● 1943 - Beatles guitarist George Harrison was born in Liverpool, England.<br /><br />● 1943 - Holocaust: 158 Norwegian Jews were deported from Norway to death camp Auschwitz by the vessel Gutenland. Altogether the total number of Jews deported from Norway was 767. Of these 30 survived.<br /><br />● 1943 - Vietminh forms Indo Chinese Democratic Front<br /><br />● 1944 - US 1st Army completes invasion plan<br /><br />● 1945 - US aircraft carriers attack Tokyo<br /><br />● 1945 - World War II: Turkey declares war on Germany.<br /><br />● 1948 - The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia takes control of government in Czechoslovakia and the period of the Third Republic ends, C. Gottwald becomes premier.<br /><br />● 1949 - WAC Corporal rocket achieves height of 400k (record)<br /><br />● 1954 - Gamal Abdul Nasser is made premier of Egypt.<br /><br />● 1956 - In his speech On the Personality Cult and its Consequences Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev denounces the actions of Joseph Stalin at 20th Soviet Party Conference.<br /><br />● 1957 - Supreme Court decides 6-3, baseball is only antitrust exempt pro sport<br /><br />● 1957 - U.S. Supreme Court voids Michigan law banning sale of books that might corrupt youth.<br /><br />● 1962 - India Congress Party wins elections<br /><br />● 1962 - Robert Kennedy visits Netherlands<br /><br />● 1964 - Austrian chancellor Alfons Gorbach resigns<br /><br />● 1964 - Cassius Clay beats Sonny Liston in Miami Beach, Florida, and is crowned the heavyweight champion of the world.<br /><br />● 1966 - Syrian military coup under Hafiz al-Assad<br /><br />● 1968 - 430 Unification Church couples wed in Korea<br /><br />● 1968 - Discussing the war capacity of a country that had been fighting for 23 years and had just staged the massive Tet Offensive, U.S. General William C. Westmoreland states {lies} - "I do not believe Hanoi can hold up under a long war."<br /><br />● 1968 - Makarios re-elected President of Cyprus<br /><br />● 1969 - Germany gives $5 million to an Arab terrorist as ransom for the passengers and crew of a hijacked jumbo jet.<br /><br />● 1969 - Mariner 6 launched for fly-by of Mars<br /><br />● 1970 - Isla Vista, Santa Barbara Bank of America burning.<br /><br />● 1971 - The first unit of the Pickering Nuclear Generating Station, first commercial nuclear power station in Canada, goes online.<br /><br />● 1972 - Miners call off crippling coal strike; Miners vote overwhelmingly in favour of a pay settlement after a seven-week strike that has seriously affected power supply.<br /><br />● 1973 - Juan Corona sentenced to 25 life sentences for 25 murders<br /><br />● 1975 - Nation of Islam founder Elijah Muhammad dies. {Idiocy continues unabated.}<br /><br />● 1977 - Fire aboard the Wawaiin Patriot, in the northern Pacific, results in a 99,000 ton oil spill.<br /><br />● 1977 - Soyuz 24 returns to Earth<br /><br />● 1979 - Soyuz 32 carries 2 cosmonauts to Salyut 6 space station<br /><br />● 1980 - The Suriname government ( elected after gaining independance from the Netherlands in 1975 ) was overthrown by a military coup which was initiated with the bombing of the police station from an army ship of the coast of the nations capital; Paramaribo<br /><br />● 1981 - Apple Computer's first CEO Michael Scott fired 40 employees from the Apple II group personally, in belief that they were redundant. Following these actions, he was moved to position of Vice Chairman.<br /><br />● 1981 - L Calvo Sotelo elected premier of Spain<br /><br />● 1981 - Rita Jenrette (wife of Abscam congressman) appears on Donahue<br /><br />● 1981 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1982 - Parents can stop school beatings; The European Court of Human Rights rules corporal punishment in Britain's schools is a violation of the Human Rights Convention.<br /><br />● 1983 - Playwright Tennessee Williams was found dead in his New York hotel suite at age 71.<br /><br />● 1984 - Oil fire in Cubatao Brazil kills 500<br /><br />● 1986 - EDSA Revolution: Corazon Aquino becomes the first Filipino woman president. Mass demonstrations overthrow U.S.-backed Marcos dictatorship, Manila, Philippines. Marcos and wife Imelda flee for Hawaii, leaving lots of shoes but taking billions in money stolen from the Filipino people over 23 years.<br /><br />● 1986 - Iran conquerors Iraq peninsula Fao<br /><br />● 1986 - Thousands of Egyptian military police riot, destroy 2 luxury hotel<br /><br />● 1987 - US Supreme Court upholds (5-4) affirmative action<br /><br />● 1988 - South Korea adopts constitution<br /><br />● 1989 - 1st independent blue-collar labor union in Communist Hungary forms<br /><br />● 1989 - Lowest barometric pressure in Netherlands (956.7 mbar at De Bilt)<br /><br />● 1990 - Nicaraguan voters elect opponent Violetta Chamorro, dump Sandinistas, replace Daniel Ortega as president. Vote was in part a consequence of Nicaraguans' realization that re-electing Sandanistas would mean ongoing war with the United States.<br /><br />● 1991 - Agreement to dissolve Warsaw Pact is signed.<br /><br />● 1991 - Birmingham Six on verge of freedom; After 17 years in prison, the Birmingham Six may soon be released after government law officers say their convictions cannot be considered safe.<br /><br />● 1991 - Gulf War: An Iraqi Scud missile hits an American military barracks in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia killing 28 U.S. Marines and Army Reservists from Pennsylvania.<br /><br />● 1992 - Khojaly massacre: about 613 civilians killed by Armenian armed forces during the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan<br /><br />● 1994 - Mosque of Abraham massacre: In the Cave of the Patriarchs in the West Bank city of Hebron, Israeli settler Dr. Baruch Kappel Goldstein opens fire with an assault rifle, killing 29 Palestinian worshippers and injuring 125 more before being subdued and beaten to death by survivors. Subsequent rioting kills 26 more Palestinians and 9 Israelis. For some reason, Israeli government does not rush to declare martial law and bulldoze Jewish homes in response.<br /><br />● 1994 - Peruvian Yak-40 crashes into mountain near Tingo Maria, kills 31<br /><br />● 1995 - Bomb attack on train in Assam India (27 soldiers killed)<br /><br />● 1995 - Moslem fundamentalists shoot 20 Shiite mosque goers dead<br /><br />● 1999 - In Moscow, China's Prime Minister Zhu Rongji and Russia's President Boris Yeltsin discussed trade and other issues.<br /><br />● 1999 - William King was sentenced to death for the racial murder of James Byrd Jr in Jasper, TX. Two other men charged were later convicted for their involvement.<br /><br />● 2000 - In Albany, NY, a jury acquitted four New York City police officers of second-degree murder and lesser charges in the February 1999 shooting death of Amadou Diallo.<br /><br />● 2000 - The Swedish political party New Democracy is declared financially bankrupt.<br /><br />● 2002 - Former NBA star Jayson Williams was charged in the shooting death of a limousine driver. (Williams was later acquitted of manslaughter, but the jury deadlocked on another; prosecutors are seeking a retrial.)<br /><br />● 2005 - Dennis Rader was arrested for the BTK serial killings that terrorized Wichita, Kan. (He later pleaded guilty and was sentenced to 10 life prison terms.)<br /><br />● 2006 - The world's estimated population reaches 6.5 billion.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1398 - Xuande, Emperor of China (d. 1435)<br /><br />● 1591 - Friedrich von Spee, German writer (d. 1635)<br /><br />● 1643 - Ahmed II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1695)<br /><br />● 1649 - Johann Philipp Krieger, German composer (d. 1725)<br /><br />● 1663 - Pierre Antoine Motteux, French-born English dramatist (d. 1718)<br /><br />● 1682 - Giovanni Battista Morgagni, Italian anatomist (d. 1771)<br /><br />● 1692 - Karl Ludwig, Freiherr von Pöllnitz, German adventurer and writer (d. 1775)<br /><br />● 1707 - Carlo Goldoni, Italian writer (d. 1793)<br /><br />● 1714 - René Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou, Chancellor of France (d. 1792)<br /><br />● 1714 - Sir Hyde Parker, 5th Baronet, British admiral (d. 1782)<br /><br />● 1725 - Karl Wilhelm Ramler, German poet (d. 1798)<br /><br />● 1752 - John Graves Simcoe, first Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada (d. 1806)<br /><br />● 1778 - José de San Martín, Argentine general and liberator of South America (d. 1850)<br /><br />● 1841 - Pierre-Auguste Renoir, French painter, graphic artist and sculptor (d. 1919)<br /><br />● 1842 - Karl May, German writer (d. 1912)<br /><br />● 1845 - George Reid, fourth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1918)<br /><br />● 1855 - Cesário Verde, Portuguese poet (d. 1886)<br /><br />● 1855 - George Bonnor, Australian cricketer (d. 1912)<br /><br />● 1860 - Sir William Ashley, economic historian (d. 1927)<br /><br />● 1866 - Benedetto Croce, Italian historian, humanist, and philosopher (d. 1952)<br /><br />● 1873 - Enrico Caruso, Italian tenor (d. 1921)<br /><br />● 1877 - Erich von Hornbostel, Austrian musicologist (d. 1935)<br /><br />● 1883 - Princess Alice of Albany, Countess of Athlone (d. 1981)<br /><br />● 1888 - John Foster Dulles, U.S. Secretary of State (1953-59) (d. 1959)<br /><br />● 1888 - John Foster Dulles, U.S. Secretary of State (d. 1959)<br /><br />● 1889 - Homer S. Ferguson, United States Senator (d. 1982)<br /><br />● 1890 - Dame Myra Hess, English pianist (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1890 - Vyacheslav Molotov, Soviet politician (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1894 - Meher Baba, Indian spiritual leader (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1895 - Lew Andreas, American basketball coach (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1895 - Marcel Paul Pagnol, French writer and film producer/director (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1901 - Zeppo Marx, American actor (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1903 - King Clancy, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1908 - Frank G. Slaughter, American novelist (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1910 - Millicent Fenwick, American fashion editor and politician (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1912 - Brenda Joyce, American actress<br /><br />● 1913 - Gert Fröbe, German actor (d. 1988)<br /><br />● 1913 - Jim Backus, American actor (d. 1989)<br /><br />● 1914 - John Arlott, English cricket journalist (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1916 - Reinhard Bendix, German sociologist (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1917 - Anthony Burgess, English author (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1918 - Barney Ewell, American athlete (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1918 - Bobby Riggs, American tennis player (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1918 - Rena Kyriakou, Greek pianist (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1919 - Karl H. Pribram, Austrian neuroscientist<br /><br />● 1919 - Monte Irvin, Baseball hall-of-famer<br /><br />● 1920 - Gérard Bessette, Canadian author (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1921 - Pierre Laporte, Canadian statesman (d. 1970)<br /><br />● 1925 - Edward Gorey, American illustrator (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1927 - Ralph Stanley, American musician<br /><br />● 1928 - Larry Gelbart, American comedy writer<br /><br />● 1929 - Christopher George, American actor (d. 1983)<br /><br />● 1929 - Tommy Newsom, American bandleader (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1932 - Faron Young, American singer (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1932 - Tony Brooks, English race car driver<br /><br />● 1934 - Bernard Bresslaw, English actor (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1934 - Tony Lema, American golfer (d. 1966)<br /><br />● 1935 - Sally Jessy Raphaël, American talk show host<br /><br />● 1937 - Barbara Piasecka Johnson, widow of John Seward Johnson I<br /><br />● 1937 - Bob Schieffer, American broadcast journalist<br /><br />● 1937 - Tom Courtenay, English actor<br /><br />● 1938 - Diane Baker, American actress<br /><br />● 1938 - Herb Elliott, Australian runner<br /><br />● 1940 - Billy Packer, American sports broadcaster<br /><br />● 1940 - Danny Cater, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1940 - Ron Santo, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1942 - Carl Eller, former American football player<br /><br />● 1942 - Karen Grassle, American actress<br /><br />● 1943 - George Harrison, English musician (The Beatles) (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1943 - Wilson da Silva Piazza, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1944 - Karen Grassle, Actress (''Little House on the Prairie'')<br /><br />● 1945 - Elkie Brooks, English singer<br /><br />● 1945 - Herbert Léonard, French singer<br /><br />● 1946 - Franz Xaver Kroetz, German dramatist<br /><br />● 1946 - Jean Todt, French executive director of Scuderia Ferrari<br /><br />● 1947 - Doug Yule, American bass guitarist (The Velvet Underground)<br /><br />● 1947 - Lee Evans, American athlete<br /><br />● 1948 - Aldo Busi, Italian writer<br /><br />● 1948 - Danny Denzongpa, Indian actor<br /><br />● 1949 - Ric Flair, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1950 - Francisco Fernández Ochoa, Spanish alpine skier (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1950 - Neil Jordan, Irish director<br /><br />● 1950 - Néstor Kirchner, President of Argentina<br /><br />● 1951 - César Cedeño, Dominican baseball player<br /><br />● 1951 - Don Quarrie, Jamaican runner<br /><br />● 1951 - James Brown, American sportscaster<br /><br />● 1952 - Inger Segelström, Swedish politician<br /><br />● 1952 - Joey Dunlop, Irish motorcycle racer (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1953 - José María Aznar, former Prime Minister of Spain<br /><br />● 1953 - Kim Yeong-cheol, South Korean actor<br /><br />● 1954 - John Doe, American musician<br /><br />● 1958 - Jeff Fisher, Football coach<br /><br />● 1958 - Kurt Rambis, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1959 - Mike Peters, Welsh musician (The Alarm)<br /><br />● 1960 - Stefan Blöcher, German field hockey player<br /><br />● 1960 - Tony Grimaud, Maltese-born singer and songwriter<br /><br />● 1961 - Davey Allison, American race car driver (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1961 - Todd Blackledge, American football player<br /><br />● 1962 - Birgit Fischer, German kayaker<br /><br />● 1963 - Nancy O'Dell, American reporter and television personality<br /><br />● 1964 - Don Majkowski, American football player<br /><br />● 1964 - Lee Evans, English comedian<br /><br />● 1965 - Veronica Webb, Actress<br /><br />● 1965(67? NYT) - Carrot Top, American Comedian<br /><br />● 1966 - Alexis Denisof, American actor (''Angel'')<br /><br />● 1966 - Nancy O'Dell, American reporter and television personality<br /><br />● 1966 - Samson Kitur, Kenyan athlete (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1966 - Téa Leoni, American actress<br /><br />● 1968 - Evridiki, Greek Cypriot singer<br /><br />● 1968 - Lesley Boone, Actress (''Ed'')<br /><br />● 1968 - Sandrine Kiberlain, French actress<br /><br />● 1969 - Paul Trimboli, Australian soccer player<br /><br />● 1970 - Julie Hesmondhalgh, English actress<br /><br />● 1971 - Daniel Powter, Canadian musician<br /><br />● 1971 - Dave Harris, American disc jockey<br /><br />● 1971 - Sean Astin, American actor (''Lord of the Rings'' movies)<br /><br />● 1973 - Anson Mount, American actor<br /><br />● 1973 - Julio José Iglesias, Spanish singer<br /><br />● 1973 - Justin Jeffre, American singer (98 Degrees)<br /><br />● 1973 - Normann Stadler, German triathlete<br /><br />● 1973 - Richard Liles, Rock musician (3 Doors Down)<br /><br />● 1974 - Shannon Stewart, Baseball player<br /><br />● 1975 - Chelsea Handler, American comedian and actress<br /><br />● 1976 - Chris Pitman, American keyboardist and member of Guns N' Roses<br /><br />● 1976 - Rashida Jones, American actress, writer, model, musician (''The Office'')<br /><br />● 1977 - Josh Wolff, American footballer<br /><br />● 1977 - Kim Hee-sun, South Korean actress<br /><br />● 1977 - Sarah Jezebel Deva, English singer<br /><br />● 1980 - Antonio Burks, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1981 - Jamie Lynn, American model<br /><br />● 1981 - Misty Giles, American beauty queen and Survivor contestant<br /><br />● 1981 - Park Ji-Sung, South Korean footballer<br /><br />● 1981 - Shahid Kapoor, Indian actor<br /><br />● 1982 - Anton Volchenkov, Russian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1982 - Bert McCracken, American singer (The Used)<br /><br />● 1982 - Chris Baird, Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1982 - Maria Kanellis, American model and professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1983 - Eduardo da Silva, Brazilian-born Croatian footballer<br /><br />● 1984 - Logan Leistikow, American director and actor<br /><br />● 1984 - Lovefoxxx, Brazilian singer (CSS)<br /><br />● 1985 - Benji Marshall, New Zealand rugby player<br /><br />● 1985 - Joakim Noah, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1985 - Moorea Wolfe, Canadian fitness model<br /><br />● 1986 - Danny Saucedo, Swedish singer<br /><br />● 1986 - James and Oliver Phelps, English actors (''Harry Potter'' movies)<br /><br />● 1986 - Justin Berfield, American actor (''Malcolm in the Middle'')<br /><br />● 1987 - Eva Avila, Canadian singer<br /><br />● 1998 - Brendon Baerg, American actor</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1246 - Dafydd ap Llywelyn, King of Gwynedd<br /><br />● 1522 - William Lilye, English classical scholar<br /><br />● 1536 - Berthold Haller, German-born reformer (b. 1492)<br /><br />● 1553 - Hirate Masahide, Japanese diplomat and tutor of Oda Nobunaga (suicide) (b. 1492)<br /><br />● 1558 - Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Portugal and France (b. 1498)<br /><br />● 1577 - King Eric XIV of Sweden (b. 1533)<br /><br />● 1601 - Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, English politician (b. 1566)<br /><br />● 1634 - Albrecht von Wallenstein, Austrian general (b. 1583)<br /><br />● 1643 - Marco da Gagliano, Italian composer (b. 1582)<br /><br />● 1655 - Daniel Heinsius, Flemish scholar (b. 1580)<br /><br />● 1682 - Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (b. 1639)<br /><br />● 1713 - King Frederick I of Prussia (b. 1657)<br /><br />● 1715 - Pu Songling, Chinese writer (b. 1640)<br /><br />● 1723 - Sir Christopher Wren, English architect (b. 1632)<br /><br />● 1756 - Eliza Haywood, English actress and writer (b. 1693)<br /><br />● 1798 - Louis-Jules Mancini-Mazarini, Duc de Nivernais, French diplomat and writer (b. 1716)<br /><br />● 1805 - Thomas Pownall, British colonial statesman (b. 1722)<br /><br />● 1831 - Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, German writer (b. 1752)<br /><br />● 1850 - Daoguang, Emperor of China (b. 1782)<br /><br />● 1852 - Thomas Moore, Irish poet (b. 1779)<br /><br />● 1860 - Chauncey Allen Goodrich, American clergyman, educator, and lexicographer (b. 1790)<br /><br />● 1899 - Paul Julius Reuter, German-born journalist (b. 1816)<br /><br />● 1912 - Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (b. 1852)<br /><br />● 1919 - Josef Christiaens, Belgian racing driver (b. 1879)<br /><br />● 1922 - Henri Désiré Landru, French serial killer (b. 1869)<br /><br />● 1934 - John McGraw, American baseball player and manager (b. 1873)<br /><br />● 1945 - Mário de Andrade, Brazilian writer and photographer (b. 1893)<br /><br />● 1950 - George Minot, American physician, Nobel laureate (b. 1885)<br /><br />● 1953 - Sergei Winogradsky, Russian scientist (b. 1856)<br /><br />● 1957 - George "Bugs" Moran, American gangster (b. 1893)<br /><br />● 1964 - Grace Metalious, American writer (b. 1924)<br /><br />● 1966 - James D. Norris, American sports businessman (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1970 - Mark Rothko, American painter (b. 1903)<br /><br />● 1971 - Theodor Svedberg, Swedish chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1884)<br /><br />● 1975 - Elijah Muhammad, American Black Muslim leader (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1978 - Daniel "Chappie" James Jr., American general (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 1983 - Tennessee Williams, American playwright (b. 1911)<br /><br />● 1987 - James Coco, American actor (b. 1930)<br /><br />● 1993 - Eddie Constantine, American-born actor and singer (b. 1917)<br /><br />● 1994 - Baruch Goldstein, American-born mass killer (b. 1956)<br /><br />● 1994 - Jersey Joe Walcott, American boxer (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1996 - Haing S. Ngor, Cambodian-born actor (b. 1940)<br /><br />● 1999 - Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 2001 - Sir Donald Bradman, Australian cricketer (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 2003 - Alberto Sordi, Italian actor (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 2003 - Tom O'Higgins, Irish Chief Justice (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 2004 - Donald Hings, Canadian inventor (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 2005 - Peter Benenson, English founder of Amnesty International (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 2006 - Charlie Wayman, English footballer (b. 1922)<br /><br />● 2006 - Darren McGavin, American actor (b. 1922)<br /><br />● 2007 - Mark Spoelstra, American singer/songwriter (b. 1940)<br /><br />● 2007 - William R. Anderson, c/o USS Nautilus submarine, US Congressman (b. 1921)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● Ember Day<br />● St. Adeltrude<br />● St. Ananias II<br />● St. Ananias III<br />● St. Aventanus<br />● St. Caesarius of Nazianzus<br />● St. Donatus<br />● St. Klaudian<br />● St. Matthias the Apostle (leap years)<br />● St. Tarasius<br />● St. Victorinus<br />● St. Walburga, abbess<br />● Bl. Constantius<br />● Bl. Didacus Carvalho<br />● Bl. Dominic Lentini<br />● Bl. Romeo<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 12 (Civil Date: February 25)<br />● St. Meletius, Archbishop of Antioch.<br />● St. Alexius, Metropolitan of Moscow and wonderworker of All Russia.<br />● St. Anthony, Patriarch of Constantinople.<br />● St. Mary, nun (who was called Marinus), and her father, St. Eugene, monk, at Alexandria.<br />● New-Martyr Chrestos at Constantinople.<br />● St. Bassian, abbot of Ryabovsky Forest Monastery, Uglich.<br />● New-Martyr Alexius, Bishop of Voronezh (1930).<br />● New-Martyr Archpriest Mitrophan (1931).<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Martyrs Saturninus and Plotinus.<br />● Iveron Icon (Moscow) of the Most Holy Theotokos.<br />● Repose of cave-dweller Anastasia Logacheva (1875).<br /><br />● Anglican:<br />● Ember Day<br /><br />● Lutheran:<br />● Elizabeth Fedde, deaconess,<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● St. Avertanus<br />● Bl. Romeo<br /><br />● Kuwait - National day<br /><br />● México - Coronado Day (1540)<br /><br />● Philippines - People Power Day, special holiday<br /><br />● This Holiday is only applicable on a given "day of the week"<br />● World : Brotherhood Day (1934) - ( Sunday )</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-25.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_25"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#25"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-25.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-52588430173000496212008-02-24T00:01:00.002-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.556-07:00February 24......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 24</strong> is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 310 (311 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br />By Roman custom February 24 is the day added to a leap year, and the occurrence of February 29 is merely a consequence of this.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—MON—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—TUE—2009<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—WED—2010<br />1983,. . . .,1994,2000,2005—THU—2011<br />1984,1989,1995,. . . .,2006—FRI—2012<br />. . . .,1990,1996,2001,2007—SAT—. . . .<br />1985,1991,. . . .,2002,<strong>2008</strong>—SUN—2013<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 24 is the 21st possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 133 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 5th/6th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />331, 342, 353, 415, 426, 437, 448, 499, 510, 521, 532, 594, 605, 616, 689, 695, 700, 779, 784, 790, 863, 874, 885, 947, 958, 969, 980, 1031, 1042, 1053, 1064, 1126, 1137, 1148, 1221, 1227, 1232, 1311, 1316, 1322, 1395, 1406, 1417, 1479, 1490, 1501, 1512, 1563, 1574, 1599, 1610, 1621, 1694, 1700, 1751, 1762, 1773, 1819, 1830, 1841, 1909, 1971, 1982, 1993<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2066, 2072, 2077, 2123, 2134, 2145, 2202, 2213, 2286, 2292, 2297, 2343, 2354, 2365, 2438, 2444, 2449, 2506, 2517, 2590, 2596, 2658, 2664, 2669, 2715, 2726, 2737, 2810, 2816, 2821, 2900, 2968, 2973, 3030, 3036, 3041, 3109, 3182, 3188, 3193, 3272, 3277, 3283, 3334, 3340, 3345, 3402, 3408, 3413, 3492, 3497, 3554, 3560, 3565, 3644, 3649, 3706, 3712, 3717, 3796, 3864, 3869, 3875, 3926, 3932, 3937, 4016, 4021, 4027<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On The Environment </strong>"Unless we find a way to dramatically change our civilization and our way of thinking about the relationship between humankind and the earth, our children will inherit a wasteland."<strong> — Al Gore</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Bashing the Clintons </strong>"HIRE ROLLYE JAMES<br />The recent elimination of the Rollye James program from KLBJ-AM radio was actually a political assassination of sorts. The LBJ family media dynasty has been and continues to be built upon a liberal Democrat base, notwithstanding their profitable dabbling in conservative talk show programs (and hosts).<br />. . ."<strong> — Cliff Sparks, Travis County Republican Party Executive Committeeman. Letters, <i>Austin American-Statesman</i>, 11-1-96. {Letter was in response to editorial quote February 23 blog entry.}—Part 1 of 4</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"Sometimes big trees grow out of acorns—I think I heard that from a squirrel."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nO-2hLiMI/AAAAAAAAFlw/v_uzkL9C9T0/s1600-h/59-61-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nO_GhLiNI/AAAAAAAAFl4/NYQGS0r-M1E/s400/59-61-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150375232351733970" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 24, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 89% Age: 61% Rise: 9:55 PM Set: 8:15 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 24, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 89% Age: 61% Rise: 10:07 PM Set: 8:40 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 24, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 90% Age: 60% Rise: 9:54 PM Set: 8:06 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 24, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 90% Age: 60% Rise: 9:30 PM Set: 7:43 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />NGC 4676: When Mice Collide<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080224.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8jtlD1enbI/AAAAAAAAF4k/0hieF1gdqO0/s400/2008-02-24.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645392975568306" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: ACS Science & Engineering Team, Hubble Space Telescope, NASA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 303 - The first official Roman edict for the persecution of Christians was issued by Roman Emperor Galerius Valerius Maximianus. His edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Empire.<br /><br />● 1208 - St Francis of Assisi, 26, received his vocation in the Italian village of Portiuncula. He founded the Franciscans the following year, and is regarded by some Catholics as the greatest of all Christian saints.<br /><br />● 1296 - Pope Boniface VIII degree Clericis Iaicos<br /><br />● 1387 - King Charles III of Naples and Hungary is assassinated at Buda.<br /><br />● 1389 - Battle at Falköping Danes defeat King Albert of Sweden<br /><br />● 1496 - England's Henry VII ends commercial dispute with Flanders<br /><br />● 1500 - Birth of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. Reigning 1519-56, it was Charles who officially pronounced Martin Luther an outlaw and heretic.<br /><br />● 1510 - Pope Julius II excommunicates the republic of Venice<br /><br />● 1525 - Battle at Pavia Emperor Karel V's troops beat French king, François I caught taken/8700 killed<br /><br />● 1527 - Ferdinand of Austria crowned as king of Bohemia<br /><br />● 1528 - János Zápolyai, Hungarian king, recognizes Sultan Suleiman's suzerainty<br /><br />● 1530 - 1st imperial coronation by a Pope, Charles V crowned by Clement V<br /><br />● 1538 - Treaty of Nagyvarad between Ferdinand I and John Zápolya.<br /><br />● 1541 - Santiago, Chile founded by Pedro de Valvidia<br /><br />● 1552 - Privileges of the Hanseatic League in England are abrogated<br /><br />● 1581 - Pope Gregory approves the results of his calendar reform commission<br /><br />● 1582 - Pope Gregory XIII issued a papal bull, or edict, outlining his calendar reforms. (The Gregorian Calendar is the calendar in general use today.)<br /><br />● 1597 - Flemish painter Frederick of Valckenborch becomes porter of Frankfurt-on-Main<br /><br />● 1613 - English princess Elizabeth marries earl Frederik of Palts<br /><br />● 1708 - Prince Johan Willem Friso sworn in as viceroy of Groningen<br /><br />● 1739 - Battle of Karnal: The army of Iranian ruler Nadir Shah defeats the forces of the Mughal emperor of India, Muhammad Shah.<br /><br />● 1779 - George Rogers Clark captures Vincennes IN from British<br /><br />● 1782 - Pioneer American Methodist bishop Francis Asbury wrote in his journal: 'It is my constitutional weakness to be gloomy and dejected; the work of God puts life into me.'<br /><br />● 1786 - Charles Cornwallis appointed Governor-General of India<br /><br />● 1793 - French troops conquer Breda<br /><br />● 1803 - The Supreme Court of the United States, in Marbury v. Madison, establishes the principle of judicial review.<br /><br />● 1807 - 17 die & 15 wounded in a crush to witness execution of Holloway, Heggerty & Elizabeth Godfrey in England<br /><br />● 1821 - Mexico declares independence from Spain.<br /><br />● 1826 - The signing of the Treaty of Yandaboo marks the end of the First Burmese War.<br /><br />● 1831 - The Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, the first removal treaty in accordance with the Indian Removal Act, is proclaimed. The Choctaws in Mississippi cede land east of the river in exchange for payment and land in the West.<br /><br />● 1835 - Siwinowe Kesibwi (Shawnee Sun) is 1st Indian language monthly magazine<br /><br />● 1836 - 3,000 Mexicans attack 182 Texans at the Alamo, lasts 13 days<br /><br />● 1839 - William Otis receives a patent for the steam shovel.<br /><br />● 1848 - Revolution of 1848 begins in France, overthrowing French monarchy and inspiring revolts across Europe. The Second French Republic is declared.<br /><br />● 1848 - The Communist Manifesto was published.<br /><br />● 1849 - Birth of Nicolas Thomassin (1849-1919), Ardennes. French weaver, socialist, anarchist.<br /><br />● 1855 - In unprovoked attack, Capt. R.G. Ewell destroys Mescalero Apache village near White Mountains, in what is now New Mexico.<br /><br />● 1855 - US Court of Claims established for cases against the government<br /><br />● 1857 - 1st perforated US postage stamps delivered to the government<br /><br />● 1863 - Arizona is organized as a United States territory from land in the New Mexico territory.<br /><br />● 1863 - Forrest's raid on Brentwood TN<br /><br />● 1864 - Battle of Tunnel Hill GA (Buzzard's Roost)<br /><br />● 1866 - In Washington, DC, an American flag made entirely of American bunting was displayed for the first time.<br /><br />● 1868 - House impeaches Pres. Andrew Johnson by a vote of 126 to 47 on 11 counts after he attempted to remove Edwin M. Stanton from his position as Secretary of War. The first nine alleged violations were of the Tenure of Office Act, passed only nine months before in a specific attempt to tie Johnson's hands. He is later acquitted in the Senate. {This is the subject of JFK's Pulitzer winning book, "Profiles in Courage." The profiles are of the Senators that voted for acquittal.}<br /><br />● 1868 - The first parade to have floats is staged at Mardi Gras in New Orleans, Louisiana.<br /><br />● 1875 - The SS Gothenburg hits the Great Barrier Reef and sinks off the Australian east coast with the loss of approximately 102 lives.<br /><br />● 1881 - China and Russia sign the Sino-Russian Ili Treaty.<br /><br />● 1881 - De Lesseps' Company begins work on Panamá Canal<br /><br />● 1885 - Chester W. Nimitz, whose work as U.S. naval commander contributed greatly to the defeat of Japan during World War II, was born.<br /><br />● 1888 - Louisville KY becomes 1st government in US to adopt Australian ballot<br /><br />● 1891 - French troops under Captain Archinard occupy Diéna West Sudan<br /><br />● 1894 - Nicaragua captures Tegucigalpa, Honduras (National Day, sort of)<br /><br />● 1895 - Revolution breaks out in Baire, a town near Santiago de Cuba, beginning the second war for Cuban independence, which ended with the Spanish-American War in 1898.<br /><br />● 1899 - Western Washington University is established.<br /><br />● 1900 - New York City Mayor Van Wyck signed the contract to begin work on New York's first rapid transit tunnel. The tunnel would link Manhattan and Brooklyn. The ground breaking ceremony was on March 24, 1900.<br /><br />● 1902 - Battle at Yzer Spruit Boer General De la Rey beats British<br /><br />● 1903 - US signs agreement acquiring a naval station at Guantanamo Bay Cuba<br /><br />● 1905 - Simplon tunnel in Switzerland completed<br /><br />● 1909 - The Hudson Motor Car Company is founded.<br /><br />● 1912 - Elizabeth Gurley Flynn leads Bread and Roses textile strike rally of 20,000 women, Lowell, Massachusetts. Police attack 150 children and their parents at the town railroad station. Many strikers are sending their kids to safe homes with friendly families in other cities. The exodus has generated so much publicity that Lawrence authorities have resolved to crush it. Today they force 35 women & their children into patrol wagons. After charging the women with neglect and handing jail sentences and fines to the organizers, the town fathers send 10 of the kids to the Lawrence poor farm. This prompts only more publicity, forcing Congress to investigate the strike. Sixteen children will testify, describing the poverty that led them to leave school and take jobs in the mill. The American Woolen Company will have no choice but to yield to the strikers' demands.<br /><br />● 1917 - Russian revolution breaks out<br /><br />● 1917 - World War I: The U.S. ambassador to the United Kingdom is given the Zimmermann Telegram, in which Germany pledges to ensure the return of New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona to Mexico if that country declares war on the United States.<br /><br />● 1918 - Estonia: Declaration of independence from Russia.<br /><br />● 1919 - New Federal Child Labor law passes; declared unconstitutional on 2 June 1924, a child labor law passed two years earlier had also been declared unconstitutional 3 June 1918.<br /><br />● 1920 - Peace treaty gives Estonia independence at least for awhile.<br /><br />● 1920 - The Nazi Party is founded at Hofbräuhaus Münich.<br /><br />● 1921 - 1st transcontinental flight in 24 hours flying time arrives Florida<br /><br />● 1923 - Flying Scotsman goes into service<br /><br />● 1923 - Mass arrests in US of Mafia<br /><br />● 1924 - Greek parliament proclaims republic<br /><br />● 1924 - Mahatma Gandhi released from jail<br /><br />● 1925 - A thermite (magnesium) bomb is used for the first time to break up a 250,000-ton ice jam clogging the St. Lawrence River near Waddington, New York.<br /><br />● 1928 - Birth of Michael Harrington, writer and activist on poverty and economic issues.<br /><br />● 1933 - Final demonstration of German communist party in Berlin<br /><br />● 1933 - League of Nations tells Japanese to pull out of Manchuria {they don't}<br /><br />● 1938 - A nylon-bristle toothbrush becomes the first commercial product (DuPont) to be made with nylon yarn.<br /><br />● 1941 - 43 Geuzen resistance fighter trial opens in the Hague<br /><br />● 1941 - Anti Nazi meeting at Noordermarkt Amsterdam<br /><br />● 1942 - The U.S. Government stopped shipments of all 12-gauge shotguns for sporting use for the wartime effort.<br /><br />● 1942 - The Voice of America begins broadcasting.<br /><br />● 1942 - U.S. Army, mistaking a weather balloon that strayed over Los Angeles for a Japanese bomber, unleashes a saturation antiaircraft barrage. Three civilians are trampled to death in the attending panic, and dozens more injured by falling shrapnel.<br /><br />● 1943 - General-Major Bradley flies to Algiers<br /><br />● 1944 - Argentina coup by Juan Peron minister of war<br /><br />● 1945 - Egypt & Syria declares war on Nazi-Germany<br /><br />● 1945 - Egyptian Premier Ahmed Maher Pasha is killed in Parliament after reading a decree.<br /><br />● 1945 - Manila freed from Japanese<br /><br />● 1945 - Nazi occupiers begin state of siege<br /><br />● 1946 - Juan Perón is elected president of Argentina.<br /><br />● 1948 - Cold War: The Communist Party seizes control of Czechoslovakia.<br /><br />● 1949 - Israel & Egypt sign an armistice agreement<br /><br />● 1949 - V-2/WAC-Corporal 1st rocket to outer space, White Sands NM, 400 km<br /><br />● 1950 -Labour wins slim majority; Clement Attlee returns as prime minister of Britain but with a single-figure majority.<br /><br />● 1955 - Britain's big freeze; Deep snow and freezing temperatures continue to cause havoc across much of Britain.<br /><br />● 1955 - Pact of Baghdad between Iraq & Turkey signed<br /><br />● 1956 - In response to Alan Freed's rock and roll menace, police in Cleveland, Ohio invoke a 1931 ordinance barring people under the age of 18 from dancing in public unless accompanied by an adult.<br /><br />● 1960 - Italian government of Segni falls<br /><br />● 1961 - Explorer (10) fails to reach Earth orbit<br /><br />● 1962 - General mobilization in Indonesia over New-Guinea<br /><br />● 1962 - Thirty occupy tax office in protest against nuclear war taxes. Bristol, Britain.<br /><br />● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1965 - District 1199 Health Care Workers becomes first U.S. labor union to oppose war in Vietnam.<br /><br />● 1965 - East German President Ulbricht visits Egypt<br /><br />● 1966 - Coup ousts President Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana<br /><br />● 1966 - David Miller and Russel Wills become first Seattle residents to refuse induction into armed forces to protest Vietnam war. Wills is later sentenced to two years in prison for his refusal.<br /><br />● 1966 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1967 - Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth wrote in a letter: 'The statement that God is dead comes from Nietzsche and has recently been trumpeted abroad by some German and American theologians. But the good Lord has not died of this; He who dwells in the heaven laughs at them.'<br /><br />● 1968 - 1st pulsar discovered (CP 1919 by Jocelyn Burnell at Cambridge)<br /><br />● 1968 - End of 25-day Tet Offensive, in which Viet Cong demonstrate that the U.S. is not, contrary to its repeated claims, on the verge of winning the war.<br /><br />● 1969 - Mariner 6 launched for Mars fly-by<br /><br />● 1969 - Pennsylvania State University administration building is occupied.<br /><br />● 1970 - 29 Swiss Army officers die in avalanche (Reckingen, Switzerland)<br /><br />● 1970 - National Public Radio is founded in the United States.<br /><br />● 1971 - Algeria nationalizes French oil companies<br /><br />● 1971 - Children battle riot police at Sourizuka, Japan. They get an education no school can provide them, with study groups, as they and their families fight for their lives against loss of their lands.<br /><br />● 1971 - The All India Forward Bloc holds an emergency central committee meeting after its chairman, Hemantha Kumar Bose, was killed 3 days earlier. P.K. Mookiah Thevar appointed as the new chairman.<br /><br />● 1971 - UK restricts Commonwealth migrants; Commonwealth citizens lose their automatic right to remain in the UK under the government's new Immigration Bill.<br /><br />● 1972 - Daniel Berrigan released after 18 months of three-year term (part of the "Catonsville 9"); goes to Harrisburg, Pa., where his brother Phil Berrigan is on trial, also for anti-Vietnam War activities. Meanwhile, "Life" magazine has reported this month that "Today's high school generation is interested in security, stability, and comfort."<br /><br />● 1974 - Pakistan officially recognizes Bangladesh<br /><br />● 1976 - Cuba : national Constitution proclaimed.<br /><br />● 1976 - Leonid Brezhnev opens 25th congress of CPSU<br /><br />● 1977 - President Carter announces US foreign aid will consider human rights<br /><br />● 1979 - War between North & South Yemen begins<br /><br />● 1981 - An earthquake registering 6.7 on the Richter scale hits Athens, killing 16 people and destroying buildings in several towns west of the city.<br /><br />● 1981 - Buckingham Palace announces the engagement of The Prince of Wales and Lady Diana Spencer.<br /><br />● 1981 - Jean Harris is convicted of murdering Dr. Herman Tarnower, the author of the bestselling The Complete Scarsdale Medical Diet. {The jury doesn't buy the defense argument that the multiple gunshots were accidental.}<br /><br />● 1982 - Lucien Tronchet (1902-1982), dies. Anarchist and Swiss trade unionist whose antifascist activities landed him in prison. As a youngster, he joined FOBB (Federation of Wood and Building Workers), and in May 19, 1928 helped instigate a wildcat strike which lasted 15 days and resulted in a reduction of working hours, minimum wages, etc. In the '30s Tronchet was in charge of the L.A.B. (League of Action of the Building Industry), implementing direct action against the owners. Went to Spain in 1936, fighting with the anarchist forces opposing Franco. In 1940 he was condemned to eight months of prison for antifascist activities. Following WWII, in addition to his militant union activities, he fought for abortion rights, antimilitarism, and creation of co-operatives. In the '70s he supported the Geneva squatters movement.<br /><br />● 1983 - A special commission of the U.S. Congress releases a report that condemns the practice of Japanese internment during World War II.<br /><br />● 1983 - Three Canadian documentaries, including the Academy Award nominee "If You Love This Planet" are classified as "political propaganda" by the Justice Department.<br /><br />● 1983 - USSR performs underground nuclear test<br /><br />● 1984 - Iraq resumes air attack on Iran<br /><br />● 1984 - Nine "char-women" enter communications base to "clean" satellite dishes, Cornwall, Britain.<br /><br />● 1985 - Birendra, Bir Bikram Shah Dev crowned King of Nepal<br /><br />● 1986 - Voyager 2, 1st Uranus fly-by<br /><br />● 1987 - An exploding supernova was discovered in the Large Magellanic Cloud galaxy.<br /><br />● 1988 - South African apartheid regime bans the UDF<br /><br />● 1988 - The Supreme Court of the United States sides with Larry Flynt's Hustler magazine by overturning a lower court decision to award Jerry Falwell $200,000 for defamation.<br /><br />● 1989 - 150-million-year-old fossil egg (oldest dinosaur embryo) found<br /><br />● 1989 - Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini offers a USD $3 million bounty for the death of The Satanic Verses author Salman Rushdie.<br /><br />● 1989 - United Airlines Flight 811, bound for New Zealand from Honolulu, Hawaii, rips open during flight, sucking 9 passengers out of the business-class section.<br /><br />● 1989 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1991 - U.S. troops begin land invasion of Kuwait and Iraq.<br /><br />● 1995 - The Corona reconnaissance satellite program, in existence from 1959 to 1972, is declassified.<br /><br />● 1996 - Cuba downs 2 US planes<br /><br />● 1996 - The last occurrence of February 24 as a leap day in the European Union and for the Roman Catholic Church.<br /><br />● 1997 - Deng Xiaoping, leader of China, cremated (died Feb 19th)<br /><br />● 1997 - South Africa announces it is constructing largest modern day blimp<br /><br />● 1997 - The U.S. The Food and Drug Administration named six brands of birth control as safe and effective "morning-after" pills for preventing pregnancy.<br /><br />● 1998 - Comedian Henny Youngman died at age 91.<br /><br />● 1998 - Elton John knighted<br /><br />● 1999 - A China Southern Airlines Tupolev TU-154 airliner crashes on approach to Wenzhou airport in eastern the People's Republic of China, killing 61.<br /><br />● 1999 - Lawrence report blasts 'racist' police; London's police force is "institutionally racist" says a report on the murder of black teenager Stephen Lawrence.<br /><br />● 1999 - The State of Arizona executes Karl LaGrand, a German national involved in an armed robbery, in spite of Germany's legal action to attempt to save him.<br /><br />● 2004 - President George W. Bush urged approval of a constitutional amendment banning gay marriage.<br /><br />● 2005 - Pope John Paul II underwent an operation to insert a tube in his throat to relieve breathing problems.<br /><br />● 2006 - Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo declares Proclamation 1017 placing the country in a state of emergency in attempt to subdue a possible military coup.<br /><br />● 2006 - South Dakota lawmakers approved a ban on nearly all abortions.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1103 - Emperor Toba of Japan (d. 1156)<br /><br />● 1304 - Ibn Battuta, explorer<br /><br />● 1463 - Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Italian humanist (d. 1494)<br /><br />● 1500 - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1558)<br /><br />● 1545 - Don John of Austria, military leader (d. 1578)<br /><br />● 1557 - Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1619)<br /><br />● 1597 - Vincent Voiture, French poet (d. 1648)<br /><br />● 1619 - Charles Le Brun, French artist (d. 1690)<br /><br />● 1622 - Johannes Clauberg, German theologian and philosopher (d. 1665)<br /><br />● 1684 - Matthias Braun, Czech sculptor (d. 1738)<br /><br />● 1693 - James Quin, English actor (d. 1766)<br /><br />● 1709 - Jacques de Vaucanson, French inventor (d. 1782)<br /><br />● 1723 - John Burgoyne, British general (d. 1792)<br /><br />● 1774 - Prince Adolphus, 1st Duke of Cambridge (d. 1850)<br /><br />● 1786 - Martin W. Bates. U.S. Senator from Delaware (d. 1869)<br /><br />● 1786 - Wilhelm Grimm, German philologist and folklorist (d. 1859)<br /><br />● 1824 - George Curtis, American author and editor (d. 1892)<br /><br />● 1831 - Leo von Caprivi, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1899)<br /><br />● 1836 - Winslow Homer, American artist (d. 1910)<br /><br />● 1842 - Arrigo Boito, Italian composer (d. 1918)<br /><br />● 1846 - Luigi Denza, Italian composer (d. 1922)<br /><br />● 1848 - Andrew Inglis Clark, Tasmanian politician (d. 1907)<br /><br />● 1849 - John Henry Comstock, American educator and researcher (d. 1931)<br /><br />● 1852 - George Moore, Irish writer (d. 1933)<br /><br />● 1866 - Pyotr Nikolaevich Lebedev, Russian physicist (d. 1912)<br /><br />● 1874 - Honus Wagner, American baseball player (d. 1955)<br /><br />● 1877 - Ettie Rout, New Zealand activist (d. 1936)<br /><br />● 1885 - Chester Nimitz, U.S. admiral (d. 1966)<br /><br />● 1885 - Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, Polish writer and painter (d. 1939)<br /><br />● 1887 - Mary Ellen Chase, American scholar and writer (d. 1973)<br /><br />● 1890 - Marjorie Main, American actress (d. 1975)<br /><br />● 1897 - Henri Frankfort, American archaeologist (d. 1954)<br /><br />● 1898 - Kurt Tank, German aeronautical engineer and test pilot (d. 1983)<br /><br />● 1906 - Bennie Oosterbaan, American college football player and coach (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1909 - August Derleth, American writer (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1914 - Ralph Erskine, British architect (Byker Wall) (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1914 - Zachary Scott, American actor (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1919 - Árpád Bogsch, Hungarian turned American international civil servant (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1919 - Betty Marsden, English comedy actress (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1921 - Abe Vigoda, American actor (''Fish,'' ''Barney Miller'')<br /><br />● 1921 - Douglass Watson, American actor (d. 1989)<br /><br />● 1922 - Richard Hamilton, English painter<br /><br />● 1922 - Steven Hill, American actor (''Law and Order'')<br /><br />● 1923 - David Soyer, American cellist<br /><br />● 1926 - Jean Alexander, English actress<br /><br />● 1926 - John Gunther Dean, American diplomat<br /><br />● 1927 - Emmanuelle Riva, French actress<br /><br />● 1928 - Barbara Lawrence, American actress<br /><br />● 1931 - Dominic Chianese, Actor-singer (''The Sopranos'')<br /><br />● 1932 - John Vernon, Canadian actor (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1932 - Michel Legrand, French composer<br /><br />● 1932 - Zell Miller, Former Georgia governor and senator<br /><br />● 1933 - Judah Folkman, American cancer researcher<br /><br />● 1934 - Bettino Craxi, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1934 - Linda Cristal, Argentina-born actress<br /><br />● 1934 - Renata Scotto, Italian soprano<br /><br />● 1938 - James Farentino, American actor<br /><br />● 1938 - Kathleen Margaret Richardson, Baroness Richardson of Calow, British Baroness and Methodist reverend<br /><br />● 1938 - Phil Knight, American sportswear manufacturer<br /><br />● 1940 - Denis Law, Scottish footballer<br /><br />● 1940 - Pete Duel, American actor (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1941 - Joanie Sommers, American singer and actress<br /><br />● 1942 - Colin Bond, Australian racing driver<br /><br />● 1942 - Joe Lieberman, American politician {and general scum bag}<br /><br />● 1942 - Paul Jones, English singer (Manfred Mann)<br /><br />● 1943 - George Harrison, British singer, guitarist and songwriter (The Beatles) (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1943 - Hristo Prodanov, Bulgarian mountaineer<br /><br />● 1943 - Pablo Milanés, Cuban musician<br /><br />● 1943 - Terry Semel, American business executive<br /><br />● 1944 - Nicky Hopkins, British musician (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1945 - Barry Bostwick, American actor<br /><br />● 1946 - Grigory Margulis, Russian mathematician<br /><br />● 1946 - John Stapleton, English television presenter<br /><br />● 1947 - Edward James Olmos, American actor<br /><br />● 1947 - Rupert Holmes, English musician<br /><br />● 1948 - Dennis Waterman, British actor<br /><br />● 1948 - J. Jayalalithaa, Indian politician<br /><br />● 1948 - Tim Staffell, English singer<br /><br />● 1948 - Walter Smith, Scottish football manager<br /><br />● 1950 - Pete Duel, American actor (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1951 - Debra Jo Rupp, American actress (''That '70s Show'')<br /><br />● 1951 - Helen Shaver, Canadian actress<br /><br />● 1955 - Alain Prost, French race car driver and four-time F1 world champion<br /><br />● 1955 - Steve Jobs, American computer pioneer<br /><br />● 1956 - Eddie Murray, former baseball player and Hall of Fame member<br /><br />● 1956 - Paula Zahn, American journalist<br /><br />● 1958 - Plastic Bertrand, Belgian singer<br /><br />● 1958 - Sammy Kershaw, American musician<br /><br />● 1959 - Beth Broderick, American actress<br /><br />● 1962 - Michelle Shocked, American musician<br /><br />● 1962 - Outi Mäenpää, Finnish actress<br /><br />● 1962 - Teri Weigel, American pornography actress<br /><br />● 1963 - Mike Vernon, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1964 - Andy Crane, British children's television presenter<br /><br />● 1964 - Bill Bailey, British comedian<br /><br />● 1964 - Russell Ingall, Australian racing driver<br /><br />● 1964 - Todd Field, American actor and film director<br /><br />● 1966 - Billy Zane, American actor<br /><br />● 1966 - René Arocha, Cuban baseball player<br /><br />● 1968 - Mitch Hedberg, American comedian (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1970 - Jeff Garcia, American football player<br /><br />● 1970 - Jonathan Ward, American television and movie actor<br /><br />● 1970 - Kienast quintuplets, American quintuplets<br /><br />● 1971 - Brian Savage, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1971 - Pedro de la Rosa, Spanish Formula One driver<br /><br />● 1972 - Manon Rhéaume, Canadian female ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1973 - Alexei Kovalev, Russian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1973 - Chris Fehn, American percussionist (Slipknot)<br /><br />● 1973 - Jordan Jovtchev, Bulgarian gymnast<br /><br />● 1973 - Richard Clapp, Canadian baseball player<br /><br />● 1974 - Bonnie Somerville, Actress (''NYPD Blue'')<br /><br />● 1974 - Chad Hugo, American musician and producer (The Neptunes)<br /><br />● 1974 - Karim Bagheri, Iranian footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Mike Lowell, Puerto Rican baseball player<br /><br />● 1974 - Simeon Rice, Football player<br /><br />● 1975 - Ashley MacIsaac, Canadian fiddler<br /><br />● 1976 - Bradley McGee, Australian cyclist<br /><br />● 1976 - Crista Flanagan, American television comedian<br /><br />● 1976 - Eric Griffin, American rock guitarist<br /><br />● 1976 - Marco Campos, Brazilian racing driver (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1976 - Matt Skiba, American musician (Alkaline Trio,Heavens)<br /><br />● 1976 - Zach Johnson, professional golfer<br /><br />● 1977 - Bronson Arroyo, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1977 - Floyd Mayweather Jr, American boxer<br /><br />● 1977 - Jason Akermanis, Australian rules footballer<br /><br />● 1978 - John Nolan, American musician (Straylight Run)<br /><br />● 1978 - Shinya, Japanese musician (Dir en grey)<br /><br />● 1980 - Anton Gustafsson, better known as Anton Maiden. Infamous Swedish Iron Maiden fan (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1980 - Anton Gustafsson, Swedish rock music fan (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1980 - Roman Sloudnov, Russian swimmer<br /><br />● 1980 - Shinsuke Nakamura, Japanese professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1981 - Lleyton Hewitt, Australian tennis player<br /><br />● 1981 - Mohammad Sami, Pakistani cricketer<br /><br />● 1982 - Klára Zakopalová, Czech tennis player<br /><br />● 1983 - Brandon Brown, R&B singer (Mista)<br /><br />● 1984 - Clivio Piccione, Monegasque racing driver<br /><br />● 1984 - Sterling James Keenan, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1986 - Wojtek Wolski, Polish Ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1987 - Daniel Reilly, British entrepreneur<br /><br />● 1987 - Mayuko Iwasa, Japanese entertainer and model<br /><br />● 1989 - Kosta Koufos, American-Greek basketball player</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 616 - King Ethelbert of Kent<br /><br />● 1525 - Guillaume Gouffier, seigneur de Bonnivet, French soldier<br /><br />● 1563 - Francis, Duke of Guise, French soldier and politician (b. 1519)<br /><br />● 1588 - Johann Weyer, Dutch physician and occultist<br /><br />● 1666 - Nicholas Lanier, English composer (b. 1588)<br /><br />● 1674 - Matthias Weckmann, German composer (b. 1616)<br /><br />● 1685 - Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle, English politician and military leader (b. 1629)<br /><br />● 1704 - Marc-Antoine Charpentier, French composer (b. 1643)<br /><br />● 1714 - Edmund Andros, English governor in North America (b. 1637)<br /><br />● 1721 - John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, English statesman and poet (b. 1648)<br /><br />● 1732 - Colonel Francis Charteris, known as "The Rape-Master General". (b. 1675)<br /><br />● 1777 - King Joseph I of Portugal (b. 1714)<br /><br />● 1779 - Paul Daniel Longolius, German encylopedist (b. 1704)<br /><br />● 1781 - Edward Capell, English critic (b. 1713)<br /><br />● 1799 - Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, German physicist (b. 1742)<br /><br />● 1810 - Henry Cavendish, English scientist (b. 1756)<br /><br />● 1812 - Etienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician (b. 1775)<br /><br />● 1815 - Robert Fulton, American inventor (b. 1765)<br /><br />● 1825 - Thomas Bowdler, English physician and editor (b. 1754)<br /><br />● 1856 - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky, Russian mathematician (b. 1792)<br /><br />● 1876 - Joseph Jenkins Roberts, first President of Liberia (b. 1809)<br /><br />● 1914 - Joshua Chamberlain, Civil War hero for the Union on Little Round Top at the Battle of Gettysburg<br /><br />● 1925 - Hjalmar Branting, Prime Minister of Sweden, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1860)<br /><br />● 1929 - André Messager, French composer and conductor (b. 1853)<br /><br />● 1953 - Gerd von Rundstedt, German field marshal (b. 1875)<br /><br />● 1970 - Conrad Nagel, American actor (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1975 - Nikolai Bulganin, Premier of the Soviet Union (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1982 - Virginia Bruce, America actress and singer (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 1984 - Helmut Schelsky, German sociologist (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 1986 - Tommy Douglas, Canadian politician (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1989 - Sparky Adams, American baseball player (b. 1894)<br /><br />● 1990 - Johnnie Ray, American singer (b. 1927)<br /><br />● 1990 - Malcolm Forbes, American publisher (b. 1917)<br /><br />● 1990 - Sandro Pertini, Italian politician (b. 1896)<br /><br />● 1990 - Tony Conigliaro, American baseball player (b. 1945)<br /><br />● 1991 - George Gobel, American comedian (b. 1919)<br /><br />● 1991 - John Daly, South African game show host (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1991 - Webb Pierce, American music singer (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 1993 - Bobby Moore, English footballer (b. 1941)<br /><br />● 1994 - Dinah Shore, American actress and singer (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 1994 - Jean Sablon, French singer (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1998 - Antonio Prohias, Cuban-born cartoonist (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 1998 - Henny Youngman, English-born comedian (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1999 - Andre Dubus, American writer (b. 1936)<br /><br />● 2001 - Claude E. Shannon, American information theorist (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 2002 - Leo Ornstein, Russian-born composer and pianist (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 2003 - Bernard Loiseau, French chef (b. 1951)<br /><br />● 2003 - John Edward Christopher Hill, English historian (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 2004 - John Randolph, American actor (b. 1915)<br /><br />● 2006 - Denis Twitchett, Cambridge scholar, and Chinese historian (b. 1925)<br /><br />● 2006 - Dennis Weaver, American actor (b. 1924)<br /><br />● 2006 - Don Knotts, American actor (b. 1924)<br /><br />● 2006 - John Martin, Canadian broadcaster (b. 1947)<br /><br />● 2006 - Octavia Butler, American author and MacArthur Foundation Fellow (b. 1947)<br /><br />● 2007 - Bruce Bennett, American actor (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 2007 - Damien Nash, American football player (b. 1982)<br /><br />● 2007 - Lamar Lundy, American football player (b. 1935)<br /><br />● 2007 - Leroy Jenkins, American composer and violinist (b. 1932)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Adela<br />● St. Betto<br />● St. Cumine<br />● St. Edelbert<br />● St. John Theristus<br />● St. Matthias<br />● St. Modest<br />● St. Montanus<br />● St. Primitiva<br />● St. Sergius<br />● Bl. Ameel of Ter Duinen<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 11 (Civil Date: February 24)<br />● There are no entries for this date.<br /><br />● Anglican, Lutheran:<br />● St. Matthias the Apostle (non-leap years)<br /><br />● Regifugium, in the Roman calendar.<br /><br />● Cuba - Baire Uprising<br /><br />● Estonia - Independence Day (1918; the Soviet period is considered illegal annexation)<br /><br />● Ghana - Liberation Day (1966)<br /><br />● Indiana - Vincennes Day-George Clark's defeat of British (1779)<br /><br />● México - Flag Day<br /><br />● Romania - Dragobete<br /><br />● Thailand - National Artist Day<br /><br />● This Holiday is only applicable on a given "day of the week"<br />● World : Brotherhood Day (1934) - ( Sunday )</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-24.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_24"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#24"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-24.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-66817567145310712132008-02-23T00:01:00.001-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.556-07:00February 23......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 23</strong> is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 311 (312 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—MON—2009<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—TUE—2010<br />1983,. . . .,1994,2000,2005—WED—2011<br />1984,1989,1995,. . . .,2006—THU—2012<br />. . . .,1990,1996,2001,2007—FRI—. . . .<br />1985,1991,. . . .,2002,<strong>2008</strong>—SAT—2013<br />1986,1992,1997,2003,. . . .—SUN—2014<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 23 is the 20th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 128 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 13th/14th/15th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />399, 410, 483, 494, 505, 567, 578, 589, 600, 662, 673, 684, 757, 768, 847, 852, 931, 942, 1015, 1026, 1037, 1099, 1110, 1121, 1132, 1194, 1205, 1216, 1289, 1300, 1379, 1384, 1463, 1474, 1547, 1558, 1569, 1583, 1594, 1605, 1667, 1678, 1689, 1735, 1746, 1757, 1803, 1814, 1887, 1898, 1944, 1955, 1966, 1977<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2039, 2050, 2061, 2107, 2118, 2129, 2191, 2259, 2270, 2281, 2327, 2338, 2349, 2411, 2422, 2433, 2495, 2501, 2563, 2574, 2585, 2631, 2642, 2653, 2710, 2721, 2783, 2794, 2805, 2878, 2884, 2889, 2935, 2946, 2957, 3003, 3014, 3025, 3087, 3098, 3155, 3166, 3177, 3250, 3256, 3261, 3307, 3318, 3329, 3459, 3470, 3476, 3481, 3527, 3538, 3549, 3611, 3622, 3628, 3633, 3701, 3774, 3780, 3785, 3842, 3848, 3853, 3910, 3921, 3994, 4000, 4005, 4084, 4089<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Education </strong>"Strong schools are as important to our future as a strong defense."<strong> — Edward M. Kennedy</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On Clinton Bashing </strong>"I really don't think that I'm going to be able to cause anybody to take out Bill Clinton. But if I can, I hope their aim is good and I hope the bullet passes through Al Gore first. And if you want a trifecta, take Hillary, too."<strong> — Talk Show Host Rollye James, KLBJ Radio, Austin, Texas, 10-15-96. When a caller to the show praised a bumper-sticker reading, "Where is Lee Harvey Oswald now that we need him?" Rollye James enthusiastically agreed and another caller complained, prompting James's response above. Gore, James added, is "more dangerous" than Clinton, because he "really believes in all these socialistic programs." As a result of this, KLBJ fired James, who now has a syndicated show. Michael King, "It Was No Joking Matter," <i>Austin American-Statesman</i> editorial, 10-26-96.</strong> {The quotes for the next four days is a letter in response to this editorial.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"Billy Almon has all of his in-law and outlaws here this afternoon."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nO-mhLiKI/AAAAAAAAFlg/-iJywpwW9hM/s1600-h/56-58-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nO-2hLiLI/AAAAAAAAFlo/5-81OT8l7Gg/s400/56-58-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150375228056766642" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 23, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 94% Age: 58% Rise: 8:54 PM Set: 7:53 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 23, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 95% Age: 57% Rise: 9:09 PM Set: 8:14 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 23, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 95% Age: 57% Rise: 8:50 PM Set: 7:46 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 23, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 95% Age: 57% Rise: 8:25 PM Set: 7:23 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Stereo Space Station<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080223.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8jtkz1enaI/AAAAAAAAF4c/L5aljNYI82E/s400/2008-02-23.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645388680600994" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: STS-122, NASA - Stereo Anaglyph: Patrick Vantuyne<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 155 - Martyrdom of Polycarp, an early Church Father who was a disciple of the Apostle John. Arrested at age 86, Polycarp was burned at the stake for refusing to deny the Christian faith.<br /><br />● 303 - Emperor Diocletian orders general persecution of Christians<br /><br />● 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western book printed from movable type.<br /><br />● 1574 - France begins 5th Holy War against Huguenots (French Protestants)<br /><br />● 1660 - Charles XI becomes King of Sweden.<br /><br />● 1668 - Fire in Wiener Hofburg in Vienna, emperor Leopold I rescued<br /><br />● 1672 - Joan Blaeus publishers destroyed by fire in Amsterdam<br /><br />● 1685 - Composer George Frideric Handel was born in Germany.<br /><br />● 1689 - Dutch prince William III proclaimed king of England<br /><br />● 1744 - Colonial missionary to the American Indians David Brainerd wrote in his journal: 'There is a God in heaven who over-rules all things for the best; and this is the comfort of my soul.'<br /><br />● 1775 - Anglican hymnwriter John Newton wrote in a letter: 'How great and honorable is the privilege of a true believer! That he has neither wisdom nor strength in himself is no disadvantage, for he is connected with infinite wisdom and almighty power.<br /><br />● 1775 - Patrick Henry addresses a Virginia convention, uttering the admonition "Give me liberty, or give me death."<br /><br />● 1778 - American Revolution: Baron von Steuben arrives at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania to help to train the Continental Army.<br /><br />● 1792 - Humane Society of Massachusetts incorporated (erected life-saving stations for distressed mariners)<br /><br />● 1797 - French Forces launch a failed invasion of Britain.<br /><br />● 1813 - 1st US raw cotton-to-cloth mill founded in Waltham MA<br /><br />● 1820 - Cato Street Conspiracy: A plot to murder all the British cabinet ministers is exposed.<br /><br />● 1821 - College of Apothecaries organized in Philadelphia; 1st US pharmacy college<br /><br />● 1822 - Boston is incorporated as a city<br /><br />● 1830 - Oxford, Ohio, home of Miami University, is incorporated.<br /><br />● 1834 - Scottish clergyman Robert Murray McCheyne wrote in his journal: 'Rose early to seek God and found Him whom my soul loveth. Who would not rise early to meet such company?'<br /><br />● 1836 - The Siege of the Alamo begins in San Antonio, Texas.<br /><br />● 1839 - In Boston, MA, William F. Harnden organized the first express service between Boston and New York City. It was the first express service in the U.S.<br /><br />● 1846 - Polish revolutionaries march on Cracow, but are defeated<br /><br />● 1847 - Mexican-American War: Battle of Buena Vista - In Mexico, American troops defeat Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.<br /><br />● 1848 - John Quincy Adams, the sixth president of the United States, died at age 80 in Washington, D.C., two days after suffering a stroke on the floor of the House of Representatives.<br /><br />● 1852 - Fourteen hundred ton paddle-wheel steamer HMS Birkenhead runs aground on rocks near the Cape of Good Hope. As the ship began to sink, soldiers were ordered to stand in ranks on deck while women and children were loaded into lifeboats. Some 200 were saved by lifeboats, and another 30-40 were pulled from the wreckage of boat, but 420 others died, almost all soldiers. This incident established the now traditional concepts of "women and children first" and "going down with the ship."<br /><br />● 1854 - The official independence of the Orange Free State is declared.<br /><br />● 1861 - By popular referendum, Texas becomes 7th state to secede from US<br /><br />● 1861 - Dutch Premier Floris A van Hall resigns<br /><br />● 1861 - President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrives secretly in Washington, D.C., after an assassination attempt in Baltimore, Maryland.<br /><br />● 1866 - Lebanon Valley College is founded in Annville, Pennsylvania.<br /><br />● 1868 - Birth of black nationalist W.E.B. DuBois, the American sociologist who co-founded the N.A.A.C.P., in Great Barrington, Mass.<br /><br />● 1869 - Louisiana governor signs public accommodations law<br /><br />● 1870 - Military control of Mississippi ends and it is readmitted to the Union.<br /><br />● 1874 - Major Walter Clopton Wingfield patents a game called "sphairistike," now more commonly called lawn tennis.<br /><br />● 1875 - J. Palisa discovered asteroid #143 (aka Adria).<br /><br />● 1883 - Alabama becomes the first U.S. state to enact an antitrust law.<br /><br />● 1883 - American Anti-Vivisection Society formed in Pennsylvania.<br /><br />● 1883 - Belgium - In Ganshoren, a bomb being carried by the French anarchists Antoine Cyvoct and Paul Metayer, accidentally explodes. Metayer died the following day, refusing to reveal anything to the police about his activities. Cyvoct was extradited to France to be tried for an attack in Lyon.<br /><br />● 1886 - Charles M. Hall completed his invention of aluminum.<br /><br />● 1886 - London Times publishes world's 1st classified ad<br /><br />● 1887 - Congress grants Seal Rocks to San Francisco<br /><br />● 1887 - The French Riviera is hit by a large earthquake, killing around 2,000.<br /><br />● 1892 - 1st college student government established, Bryn Mawr PA<br /><br />● 1893 - Leon-Jules Leauthier, young anarchist shoemaker, sentenced to life in prison for stabbing and seriously wounding minister of Serbia in Paris.<br /><br />● 1893 - Rudolf Diesel receives a patent for the diesel engine.<br /><br />● 1895 - William Heard, AME minister & educator, named minister to Liberia<br /><br />● 1898 - Émile Zola is imprisoned in France after writing "J'accuse", a letter accusing the French government of anti-Semitism and wrongfully placing Captain Alfred Dreyfus in jail.<br /><br />● 1899 - Birth of Erich Kestner (1899-1974). German satirist/poet/novelist, whose military experiences made him pacifist and opponent of totalitarian systems.<br /><br />● 1900 - In South Africa the Boers and British troops fight in the Battle of Hart's Hill.<br /><br />● 1900 - Steamer "Rio de Janeiro" sinks in San Francisco Bay<br /><br />● 1903 - Cuba leases Guantanamo Bay to the United States “in perpetuity.”<br /><br />● 1904 - For $10 million the United States gains control of the Panama Canal Zone.<br /><br />● 1904 - William Randolph Hearst's San Francisco Chronicle begins publishing articles on the menace of Japanese laborers, leading to a resolution of the California Legislature that action be taken against their immigration.<br /><br />● 1905 - Chicago, Illinois attorney Paul Harris and three other businessmen meet for lunch to form the Rotary Club, the world's first service club.<br /><br />● 1909 - Russian tsar Nicolas II dissolves Finnish Diet<br /><br />● 1909 - The AEA Silver Dart makes the first powered flight in Canada and the British Empire.<br /><br />● 1911 - Commanchee chieftain Quanah Parker dies.<br /><br />● 1915 - Germany sinks US ships Carib & Evelyn & torpedoes Norwegian ship Regin<br /><br />● 1915 - Nevada enforces convenient divorce law<br /><br />● 1916 - Congress authorizes McKinley Memorial $1 gold coin<br /><br />● 1916 - French artillery kills entire French 72nd division at Samogneux Verdun<br /><br />● 1917 - First demonstrations in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The beginning of the February Revolution.<br /><br />● 1918 - First victory of Red Army over the Kaiser's German troops near Narva and Pskov. Since 1923 this date become the Day of Red Army in honour of this victory.<br /><br />● 1919 - Benito Mussolini forms the Fascist Party in Italy.<br /><br />● 1921 - 1st US transcontinental air mail flight arrives in New York NY from San Francisco CA<br /><br />● 1923 - German Republic day with laws against worker<br /><br />● 1923 - Great Britain lowers import duty on German products from 26% to 5%<br /><br />● 1924 - Egyptian textile strikers seize Alexandria.<br /><br />● 1927 - The Federal Radio Commission began assigning frequencies, hours of operation and power allocations for radio broadcasters. On July 1, 1934 the name was changed to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).<br /><br />● 1929 - Arvo Vaara sentenced to six months in prison for article on illness of King of England.<br /><br />● 1934 - Léopold III becomes King of Belgium.<br /><br />● 1936 - 1st rocket air mail flight, Greenwood Lake NY<br /><br />● 1936 - Puerto Rican nationals assassinate Puerto Rico's U.S. police chief, E. Francic Riggs.<br /><br />● 1940 - World War II: Soviet Union troops conquer Lasi Island.<br /><br />● 1941 - Plutonium was first produced and isolated by Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg.<br /><br />● 1942 - The first shelling of the U.S. mainland during World War II occurred as a Japanese submarine fired on an oil refinery in Ellwood, Calif.<br /><br />● 1943 - General-Major Bradley arrives in Dakar & Marrakesh<br /><br />● 1943 - German troops pull back through Kasserine-pass Tunisia<br /><br />● 1944 - forced deportation of the Chechen and Ingush people to Central Asia<br /><br />● 1945 - 2nd Dutch government of Gerbrandy forms in London<br /><br />● 1945 - Canadian troops occupy Kalkar<br /><br />● 1945 - Operation Grenade General Simpson's 9th Army crosses Ruhr<br /><br />● 1945 - World War II: Capitulation of German garrison in Poznań, city is liberated by Soviet and Polish forces.<br /><br />● 1945 - World War II: During the Battle of Iwo Jima, a group of United States Marines and a commonly forgotten US Navy Corpsman, reach the top of Mount Suribachi on the island and are photographed raising the American flag. The photo would later win a Pulitzer Prize.<br /><br />● 1945 - World War II: The capital of the Philippines, Manila, is liberated by American forces.<br /><br />● 1945 - World War II: The German town of Pforzheim is completely destroyed by a raid of 379 British bombers.<br /><br />● 1945 - World War II: The Verona Philharmonic Theatre is bombed by Allied forces (re-opened 1975).<br /><br />● 1947 - General Eisenhower opens drive to raise $170 million in aid for European Jews<br /><br />● 1947 - International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is founded.<br /><br />● 1954 - Syrian army drives out President Adib el-Shishakli<br /><br />● 1954 - The first mass vaccination of children against polio begins in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.<br /><br />● 1955 - Edgar Faure becomes Prime Minister of France.<br /><br />● 1955 - First meeting of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO).<br /><br />● 1956 - 20th Congress of CPSU closes in Moscow<br /><br />● 1956 - In a cosmic event known as the great flare, the Earth was bombarded with a burst of protons and other nuclei from a solar flare.<br /><br />● 1956 - Russian party leader Khrushchev attacks memory of Stalin<br /><br />● 1957 - The founding congress of the Senegalese Popular Bloc is opened in Dakar.<br /><br />● 1958 - Arturo Frondizi elected President of Argentina<br /><br />● 1958 - Cuban rebels kidnap 5-time world driving champion Juan Manuel Fangio.<br /><br />● 1958 - USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR<br /><br />● 1959 - Macmillan and Khrushchev talk peace; On his ten-day visit to the Soviet Union, the British Prime Minister forges cultural and trade links between East and West.<br /><br />● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1963 - Shocking wardens could be legal; Peter Hicks, a farmer who electrified his car to ward off traffic wardens in London's Covent Garden may be able to evade the law.<br /><br />● 1965 - Comedian Stan Laurel died at age 74.<br /><br />● 1966 - Aldo Moro forms Italian government<br /><br />● 1966 - Premier Obote grabs power in Uganda<br /><br />● 1966 - The Bitar government in Syria was ended with a military coup.<br /><br />● 1967 - 25th amendment (Presidential succession) declared ratified<br /><br />● 1967 - US troops begin largest offensive of Vietnam War<br /><br />● 1969 - Nayif Hawatimah forms Democratic People's Front for Liberation of Palestine<br /><br />● 1970 - Guyana becomes a republic (National Day)<br /><br />● 1970 - In a costume action by the Los Angeles Gay Liberation Front, his Holiness Pope Morris the First goes to First Congregational Church and tacks an invoice for 90 billion dollars on the door. The amount represents 10,000 dollars for each of the nine million known executions of gay people at the instigation of clergy.<br /><br />● 1970 - The Holy Eucharist was distributed by women for the first time in a Roman Catholic service.<br /><br />● 1971 - Lt. William Calley confesses he directed a mass execution of South Vietnamese civilians at My Lai, Viet Nam, and implicates his commanding officer, Capt. Ernest L. Medina, who he says issued the orders to murder. He got his wrists slapped and was sent home; Medina was never charged.<br /><br />● 1972 - Angela Davis is released from prison (after 16 months). She goes on trial five days later.<br /><br />● 1972 - Hijackers surrender and free Lufthansa crew; Palestinian hijackers who took over a Lufthansa jet two days ago release the crew at an airfield in the Yemen.<br /><br />● 1974 - The Symbionese Liberation Army demands $4 million more to release kidnap victim Patty Hearst.<br /><br />● 1975 - In response to the energy crisis, daylight saving time commences nearly two months early in the United States.<br /><br />● 1979 - Frank Peterson Jr named 1st black general in Marine Corps<br /><br />● 1980 - Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini declared that Iran's new parliament would have to decide the fate of the hostages taken on November 4, 1979, at the U.S. embassy in Tehran.<br /><br />● 1980 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island<br /><br />● 1981 - "White Paper" on El Salvador issued by U.S. State Department defending U.S. intervention in support of death squad government.<br /><br />● 1981 - 23-F, Antonio Tejero attempts a coup d'état by capturing the Spanish Congress of Deputies.<br /><br />● 1982 - Principality of Wales becomes a nuclear-free zone.<br /><br />● 1983 - The Spanish Socialist government of Felipe González and Miguel Boyer nationalizes Rumasa, a holding of José María Ruiz Mateos.<br /><br />● 1983 - The United States Environmental Protection Agency announces its intent to buy out and evacuate the dioxin-contaminated community of Times Beach, Missouri.<br /><br />● 1985 - US Senate confirms Edwin Meese III as Attorney General<br /><br />● 1987 - Russian Writers Union accepts Boris Pasternak posthumous as member<br /><br />● 1987 - Supernova 1987A in Large Magellanic Cloud 1st seen; 1st naked-eye supernova since 1604<br /><br />● 1990 - Sandanistas lose election after years of U.S. intervention, covert war, and economic sabotage.<br /><br />● 1991 - During the Persian Gulf War, ground forces crossed the border of Saudi Arabia into the country of Iraq. Less than four days later the war was over due to the surrender or withdraw of Iraqi forces.<br /><br />● 1991 - In Thailand, General Sunthorn Kongsompong leads a bloodless coup d'état, deposing Prime Minister Chatichai Choonhavan.<br /><br />● 1992 - The Socialist Labour Party is founded in Georgia.<br /><br />● 1995 - Antoine Nduwayo appointed Premier of Burundi<br /><br />● 1997 - A large fire occurs in the Russian Space station, Mir.<br /><br />● 1997 - Ali Hassan Abu Kamal, a Palestinian teacher, opened fire on the 86th-floor observation deck of New York City's Empire State Building. He killed one person and wounded six more before killing himself.<br /><br />● 1997 - Scientists in Scotland announced they succeeded in cloning an adult mammal, producing a lamb named "Dolly"<br /><br />● 1998 - A U.N.-brokered deal forces the U.S. to reluctantly give up plans for a new series of military strikes against Iraq.<br /><br />● 1998 - Kissimmee Tornado Outbreak: Tornadoes in central Florida destroy or damage 2,600 structures and kill 42.<br /><br />● 1998 - Osama bin Laden publishes a fatwa declaring jihad against all Jews and Crusaders.<br /><br />● 1998 - Supreme Court lets Megan's Law stand<br /><br />● 1999 - An avalanche destroys the Austrian village of Galtür, killing 31.<br /><br />● 1999 - In Ankara, Turkey, Abdullah Ocalan was charged with treason. The prosecutors were seeking the death penalty for the Kurdish rebel leader.<br /><br />● 1999 - White supremacict John William King was found guilty of kidnapping and murdering James Byrd Jr. Byrd was dragged behind a truck for two miles on a country road in Texas.<br /><br />● 2004 - Education Secretary Rod Paige likened the National Education Association, the nation's largest teachers union, to a "terrorist organization" during a private White House meeting with governors.<br /><br />● 2004 - The Army canceled its Comanche helicopter program after sinking $6.9 billion into it over 21 years.<br /><br />● 2005 - Slovakia Summit 2005 begins, marking the first occasion when a sitting American President visits Slovakia; Bush and Putin are in attendance.<br /><br />● 2005 - The New York, NY, city medical examiner's office annouced that it had exhausted all efforts to identify the remains of the people killed at the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, due to the limits of DNA technology. About 1,600 people had been identified leaving more than 1,100 unidentified.<br /><br />● 2005 - Vote of the controversial French law on colonialism, repealed start of 2006.<br /><br />● 2006 - Dubai Ports World agrees to postpone its plans to take over management of six U.S. ports after the proposal ignited harsh bipartisan criticism on Capitol Hill.<br /><br />● 2007 - A train derails on an evening express service near Grayrigg, Cumbria, United Kingdom, killing one person and injuring 22. This results in hundreds of points being checked over the UK after a few similar accidents.<br /><br />● 2007 - Japan launches its fourth spy satellite, stepping up its ability to monitor potential threats such as North Korea.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1417 - Pope Paul II (d. 1471)<br /><br />● 1583 - Jean-Baptiste Morin, French scientist (d. 1656)<br /><br />● 1633 - Samuel Pepys, English naval administrator and man of letters, posthumously famous as a diarist (d. 1703)<br /><br />● 1646 - Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shogun (d. 1709)<br /><br />● 1648 - Arabella Churchill, English mistress of James II of England (d. 1730)<br /><br />● 1680 - Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, French colonizer and Governor of Louisiana (d. 1767)<br /><br />● 1685 - Georg Friedrich Handel, German/British Baroque composer (d. 1759)<br /><br />● 1688 - Queen Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden (d. 1741)<br /><br />● 1723 - Richard Price, Welsh philosopher (d. 1791)<br /><br />● 1729 - Josiah Hornblower, American statesman (d. 1809)<br /><br />● 1743 - Mayer Amschel Rothschild, German-born banker (d. 1812)<br /><br />● 1809 - William Sprague, American minister and politician from Michigan (d. 1868)<br /><br />● 1817 - George Frederick Watts, English painter and sculptor (d. 1904)<br /><br />● 1840 - Carl Menger, Austrian economist (d. 1921)<br /><br />● 1842 - Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann, German philosopher (d. 1906)<br /><br />● 1850 - César Ritz, Swiss hotelier (d. 1918)<br /><br />● 1868 - W.E.B. DuBois, American civil rights leader (d. 1963)<br /><br />● 1873 - Liang Qichao, Chinese scholar (d. 1929)<br /><br />● 1874 - Konstantin Päts, Estonian president (d. 1956)<br /><br />● 1878 - Kazimir Malevich, Ukrainian painter and art theorist (d. 1935)<br /><br />● 1879 - Norman Lindsay, Australian artist and novelist (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1883 - Karl Jaspers, German philosopher (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1883 - Victor Fleming, American director (d. 1949)<br /><br />● 1883(81? NYT) - Karl Jaspers, German philosopher (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1889 - Musidora, French actress and director (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1889 - Victor Fleming, American director (d. 1949)<br /><br />● 1891 - Harold Horder, Australian Rugby League player (d. 1978)<br /><br />● 1899 - Erich Kästner, German writer (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1899 - Norman Taurog, American film director (d. 1981)<br /><br />● 1901 - Edgar Ende, German painter (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1904 - Leopold Trepper, Soviet spy (d. 1982)<br /><br />● 1904 - Terence Fisher, English film director (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1904 - William L. Shirer, American historian (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1908 - William McMahon, twentieth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1988)<br /><br />● 1914 - Theofiel Middelkamp, Dutch cyclist (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1915 - Jon Hall, American actor (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1915 - Paul Tibbets, US Air Force retired Brigadier General and Pilot of B-29 "Enola Gay" over Hiroshima (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1918 - Richard G. Butler, American fascist (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1920 - Paul Gérin-Lajoie, French Canadian politician<br /><br />● 1923 - Rafael Addiego Bruno, Uruguayan politician<br /><br />● 1924 - Allan McLeod Cormack, South-African born physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1924 - Claude Sautet, French film director (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1928 - Hans Herrmann, German race car driver<br /><br />● 1928 - Vasili Lazarev, cosmonaut (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1931 - Tom Wesselmann, American collage artist (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1932 - Majel Barrett, American actress ("Star Trek" TV and movie series)<br /><br />● 1937 - Tom Osborne, American football coach and politician<br /><br />● 1938 - Diane Varsi, American actress (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1940 - Peter Fonda, American actor<br /><br />● 1941 - Ron Hunt, baseball player<br /><br />● 1943 - Fred Biletnikoff, American football player, coach and Hall of Fame member<br /><br />● 1944 - Bernard Cornwell, English historical novelist<br /><br />● 1944 - John Sandford, Author<br /><br />● 1944 - Johnny Winter, American musician<br /><br />● 1945 - Allan Boesak, South African activist<br /><br />● 1946 - Rusty Young, American country-rock guitarist (Poco)<br /><br />● 1948 - Doug Moench, American comic book writer<br /><br />● 1949 - Marc Garneau, French Canadian astronaut<br /><br />● 1950 - Maxi, Irish singer and radio personality<br /><br />● 1951 - Ed Jones, American football player<br /><br />● 1951 - Patricia Richardson, American actress (''Home Improvement'')<br /><br />● 1952 - Brad Whitford, American musician (Aerosmith)<br /><br />● 1953 - Satoru Nakajima, Japanese racing driver<br /><br />● 1954 - Howard Jones, Rock singer<br /><br />● 1954 - Viktor Yushchenko, President of Ukraine<br /><br />● 1955 - Howard Jones, British pop singer<br /><br />● 1955 - Tom Bodett, American voice actor, radio personality, and writer<br /><br />● 1958 - David Sylvian, English singer, musician and composer (Japan, Nine Horses)<br /><br />● 1958 - Tony Barrell, English writer and journalist<br /><br />● 1959 - Richard Dodds, British field hockey player<br /><br />● 1960 - Alan Griffin, Australian politician and member for Bruce in the House of Representatives<br /><br />● 1960 - Naruhito, Crown Prince of Japan<br /><br />● 1961 - Kelly Hansen, American drummer (Summer Lights)<br /><br />● 1962 - Michael Wilton, American musician (Queensrÿche)<br /><br />● 1963 - Bobby Bonilla, former baseball player<br /><br />● 1963 - Radosław Sikorski, Polish politician<br /><br />● 1964 - Dusty Drake, Country singer<br /><br />● 1964 - John Norum, Norwegian guitarist (Europe)<br /><br />● 1965 - Helena Suková, former Czech tennis player<br /><br />● 1965 - Kristin Davis, American actress (''Sex and the City'')<br /><br />● 1965 - Michael Dell, American computer manufacturer<br /><br />● 1965 - Veronica Webb, American supermodel and actress<br /><br />● 1968 - Justin Bell, British racing driver<br /><br />● 1968 - Marc Price, Actor<br /><br />● 1969 - Marc Wauters, Belgian cyclist<br /><br />● 1970 - Marie-Josée Croze, French Canadian actress<br /><br />● 1970 - Niecy Nash, American actress<br /><br />● 1971 - Don Maxwell, Canadian cricketer<br /><br />● 1971 - Jeff Beres, Rock musician (Sister Hazel)<br /><br />● 1971 - Jeong Chan, South Korean actor<br /><br />● 1971 - Melinda Messenger, English television presenter<br /><br />● 1972 - Rondell White, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1972 - Steve Holy, American country singer<br /><br />● 1973 - André Tanneberger, German DJ<br /><br />● 1973 - Jack Case, American artist<br /><br />● 1973 - Lars-Olof Johansson, Swedish musician (The Cardigans)<br /><br />● 1974 - Herschelle Gibbs, South African cricketer<br /><br />● 1974 - Jaime Villarreal, Mexican musician<br /><br />● 1974 - Leko, American DJ<br /><br />● 1975 - Michael Cornacchia, American actor<br /><br />● 1975 - Robert Lopez, American composer<br /><br />● 1976 - Kelly Macdonald, British actress<br /><br />● 1977 - Kristina Šmigun, Estonian cross-country skier<br /><br />● 1978 - Dan Snyder, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1978 - René Pérez, Puerto Rican musician (Calle 13)<br /><br />● 1979 - D-Roc, American rapper (Ying Yang Twins)<br /><br />● 1981 - Charles Tillman, American football player<br /><br />● 1981 - Gareth Barry, English footballer<br /><br />● 1982 - Austin Ryan Fuentes, American heir<br /><br />● 1983 - Emily Blunt, British actress<br /><br />● 1983 - Mido, Egyptian footballer<br /><br />● 1983 - Mirco Bergamasco, Italian rugby player<br /><br />● 1986 - Holly Brook, American musician<br /><br />● 1986 - Kazuya Kamenashi, Japanese idol, (member of KAT-TUN)<br /><br />● 1989 - Evan Bates, American ice dancer<br /><br />● 1994 - Dakota Fanning, American child actress</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 943 - Herbert II, Count of Vermandois, (b. 884)<br /><br />● 1011 - Willigis, Archbishop of Mainz<br /><br />● 1100 - Emperor Zhezong of China (b. 1076)<br /><br />● 1270 - Saint Isabel of France, daughter of Louis VIII of France (b. 1225)<br /><br />● 1447 - Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1390)<br /><br />● 1447 - Pope Eugene IV (b. 1383)<br /><br />● 1464 - Zhengtong, Emperor of China (b. 1427)<br /><br />● 1526 - Diego Colón, Spanish Viceroy of the Indies<br /><br />● 1554 - Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician (executed) (b. c. 1515)<br /><br />● 1572 - Pierre Certon, French composer<br /><br />● 1603 - Andrea Cesalpino, Italian philosopher, physician, and botanist (b. 1519)<br /><br />● 1669 - Leo Aitzema, Dutch historian and statesman (b. 1600)<br /><br />● 1704 - Georg Muffat, French composer (b. 1653)<br /><br />● 1730 - Pope Benedict XIII (b. 1649)<br /><br />● 1766 - Stanislaw Leszczynski, King of Poland (b. 1677)<br /><br />● 1781 - George Taylor, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (bc. 1716)<br /><br />● 1792 - Joshua Reynolds, English painter (b. 1723)<br /><br />● 1800 - Joseph Warton, English literary critic (b. 1722)<br /><br />● 1821 - John Keats, English poet (b. 1795)<br /><br />● 1848 - John Quincy Adams, 6th President of the United States (b. 1767)<br /><br />● 1855 - Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (b. 1777)<br /><br />● 1859 - Zygmunt Krasiński, Polish Romantic poet (b. 1812)<br /><br />● 1879 - Albrecht Graf von Roon, Prime Minister of Prussia (b. 1803)<br /><br />● 1897 - Woldemar Bargiel, German composer (b. 1828)<br /><br />● 1908 - Johannes Friedrich August von Esmarch, German surgeon (b. 1823)<br /><br />● 1922 - Albert Victor Bäcklund, Swedish physicist (b. 1845)<br /><br />● 1930 - Horst Wessel, Nazi ideologue and composer (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1931 - Nellie Melba, Australian opera soprano (b. 1861)<br /><br />● 1934 - Edward Elgar, English composer (b. 1857)<br /><br />● 1944 - Leo Hendrik Baekeland, Flemish-American chemist and inventor of the first synthetic plastic, Bakelite (b. 1863)<br /><br />● 1946 - Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japanese general (hanged) (b. 1885)<br /><br />● 1948 - John Robert Gregg, Irish-born publisher and inventor (b. 1866)<br /><br />● 1955 - Paul Claudel, French poet and playwright (b. 1868)<br /><br />● 1957 - Marika Ninou, Greek singer (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 1960 - Arthur Legat, Belgian racing driver (b. 1898)<br /><br />● 1965 - Stan Laurel, British born actor and comedian (b. 1890)<br /><br />● 1969 - King Saud of Saudi Arabia (b. 1902)<br /><br />● 1973 - Dickinson W. Richards, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1974 - Harry Ruby, American composer and writer (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1976 - LS Lowry, English artist (b. 1887)<br /><br />● 1979 - W.A.C. Bennett, Canadian politician (b. 1900)<br /><br />● 1983 - Herbert Howells, English composer (b. 1892)<br /><br />● 1990 - José Napoleón Duarte, President of El Salvador (b. 1925)<br /><br />● 1990 - Laura Palmer, Prom queen in home town of Twin Peaks (b. 1990)<br /><br />● 1992 - Markos Vafiadis, Greek politician (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1995 - James Herriot, English writer (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 1995 - Melvin Franklin, American singer (The Temptations) (b. 1942)<br /><br />● 1997 - Tony Williams, American jazz drummer (b. 1945)<br /><br />● 1999 - Carlos Hathcock, USMC Sniper, 93 Confirmed Kills (b. 1942)<br /><br />● 2000 - Ofra Haza, Israeli singer (b. 1957)<br /><br />● 2000 - Stanley Matthews, English footballer (b. 1915)<br /><br />● 2001 - Robert Enrico, French film director and screenwriter (b. 1931)<br /><br />● 2003 - Howie Epstein, American bass guitarist (Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers) (b. 1955)<br /><br />● 2003 - Robert K. Merton, American sociologist (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 2004 - Carl Anderson, American singer (b. 1945)<br /><br />● 2004 - Carl Liscombe, Canadian hockey player (b. 1915)<br /><br />● 2004 - Don Cornell, American singer (b. 1919)<br /><br />● 2004 - Sikander Bakht, Governor of Kerala (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 2004 - Vijay Anand, Indian film director (b. 1934)<br /><br />● 2006 - Benno Besson, Swiss actor and film director (b. 1922)<br /><br />● 2006 - Telmo Zarraonaindía, Spanish footballer (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 2007 - John Ritchie, British footballer (b. 1941)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Alexander Akimetes<br />● St. Boswell<br />● St. Cerneuf<br />● St. Dositheus<br />● St. Felix of Brescia<br />● St. Florentius<br />● St. Jurmin<br />● St. Lazarus Zographos (d. 867)<br />● St. Martha<br />● St. Medrald<br />● St. Milburga<br />● St. Ordonius<br />● St. Peter Damian<br />● St. Polycarp of Smyrna (died 155)<br />● St. Romana<br />● St. Serenus the Gardener<br />● Martyrs of Sirmium<br />● St. Willigis<br />● St. Zebinus<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 10 (Civil Date: February 23)<br />● Hieromartyr Charalampus, Bishop of Magnesia in Thessaly, and Martyrs Porphyrius and Baptus.<br />● Martyrs Ennatha, Valentina, and Paula of Palestine.<br />● St. Prochorus of the Kiev Caves.<br />● Saints Joachim, Luke, Germanus, Arcadius, Gregory, Martyrius, Anthony, Basil and Symeon, Bishops of Novgorod.<br />● St. Anna, wife of Yaroslav I.<br />● St. Longinus, monk of Koryazhemsk (Vologda).<br />● New-Martyr Anatole, Metropolitan of Odessa (1938).<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Martyr Charalampus (another) and three women companions.<br />● St. Anastasius, Archbishop of Jerusalem.<br />● Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos of Areovindus.<br />● Hieromartyr Blaise, Bishop of Sebaste.<br />● St. Demetrius, monk, wonderworker of Priluki (Vologda).<br />● St. Vsevelod (in holy baptism Gabriel), wonderworker of Pskov.<br />● St. Theodora, wife of Emperor Theophilus the Iconoclast.<br />● New-Martyr George of Serbia.<br />● St. George, abbot in Serbia.<br />● Repose of Archbishop Simon of Shanghai and Peking (1933).<br /><br />● Old Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Peter Damian, bishop of Ostia/confessor/doctor<br /><br />● Lutheran:<br />● St. Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna, martyr<br />● Bartholomaeus Ziegenbalg, missionary<br /><br />● Anglican:<br />● St. Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna, martyr<br /><br />● Roman Empire - Terminalia held in honor of Terminus in some modern circles known as Andrewary.<br /><br />● Brunei - National Day.<br /><br />● Guyana - Mashramani-Republic Day.<br /><br />● Italy - Feast of the Incappucciati.<br /><br />● Russia - Defender of the Fatherland Day (formerly Red Army Day or Day of Soviet Army and Navy).<br /><br />● US - Iwo Jima Day (1945)<br /><br />● This Holiday is only applicable on a given "day of the week"<br />● World : Brotherhood Day (1934) - ( Sunday )</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-23.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_23"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#23"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-23.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-8337838129930717172008-02-22T00:01:00.001-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.557-07:00February 22......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 22</strong> is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 312 (313 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />. . . .,1982,1988,1993,1999—MON—. . . .<br />1977,1983,. . . .,1994,2000—TUE—2005<br />1978,1984,1989,1995,. . . .—WED—2006<br />1979,. . . .,1990,1996,2001—THU—2007<br />1980,1985,1991,. . . .,2002—FRI—<strong>2008</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—SAT—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—SUN—2009<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 22 is the 19th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 129 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 11th/12th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />383, 388, 467, 478, 551, 562, 573, 635, 646, 657, 668, 730, 741, 752, 825, 836, 915, 920, 999, 1010, 1083, 1094, 1105, 1167, 1178, 1189, 1200, 1262, 1273, 1284, 1357, 1368, 1447, 1452, 1531, 1542, 1640, 1651, 1662, 1708, 1719, 1730, 1792, 1860, 1871, 1882, 1928, 1939, 1950<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2012, 2023, 2034, 2045, 2102, 2164, 2175, 2186, 2197, 2232, 2243, 2254, 2311, 2322, 2384, 2395, 2406, 2479, 2490, 2536, 2547, 2558, 2569, 2604, 2615, 2626, 2637, 2699, 2756, 2767, 2778, 2789, 2851, 2862, 2873, 2908, 2919, 2930, 2941, 3060, 3071, 3082, 3093, 3128, 3139, 3150, 3161, 3223, 3234, 3245, 3302, 3313, 3375, 3386, 3397, 3443, 3454, 3465, 3511, 3522, 3533, 3595, 3606, 3617, 3679, 3690, 3747, 3758, 3769, 3815, 3826, 3837, 3899, 3905, 3967, 3978, 3989, 4051, 4062, 4073<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Economic Justice </strong>"One function of the income gap is that the people at the top of the heap have a hard time even seeing those at the bottom. They practically need a telescope. The pharaohs of ancient Egypt probably didn't waste a lot of time thinking about the people who built their pyramids, either"<strong> — Molly Ivins</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On WMD—Weapons of Mass Destruction </strong>"The Iraqi regime possesses biological and chemical weapons. The Iraqi regime is building the facilities necessary to make more biological and chemical weapons."<strong> — George W. "War Criminal" Bush in the Rose Garden, 9-26-02, Dana Priest and Walter Pincus, "Bush Certainty on Iraq Arms Went Beyond Analysts' Views," <i>Washington Post</i>, 6-7-03.</strong><br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"Rich Folkers is throwing up in the bull pen."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nOcmhLiII/AAAAAAAAFlQ/5vX-L9StN5w/s1600-h/53-55-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nOcmhLiJI/AAAAAAAAFlY/kDBUyEWYSds/s400/53-55-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150374639646247058" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 22, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 98% Age: 54% Rise: 7:53 PM Set: 7:30 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 22, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 98% Age: 54% Rise: 8:11 PM Set: 7:49 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 22, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 98% Age: 54% Rise: 7:45 PM Set: 7:26 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 22, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waning Gibbous Percent of Full: 99% Age: 54% Rise: 7:20 PM Set: 7:03 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Eclipsed Moonlight<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080222.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8jtkz1enZI/AAAAAAAAF4U/tX1wk5-63-o/s400/2008-02-22.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645388680600978" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Jerry Lodriguss (Catching the Light)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1295 B.C.E. - The coronation of Ramses II, on whose face the sun's rays fall each year in Abu Simbel temple.<br /><br />● 57 B.C.E. - Origin of Vikrama Samvat Era (India)<br /><br />● 606 - Sabinian ends his reign as Catholic Pope<br /><br />● 896 - Pope Formosa crowned king Arnulf of Karinthie/French emperor<br /><br />● 1071 - Battle of Cassel-Robert I the Frisian defeats Arnulf III/I<br /><br />● 1281 - Simon de Brion elected Pope Martinus IV<br /><br />● 1288 - Girolamo Masci elected Pope Nicolas IV<br /><br />● 1300 - Pope Boniface VIII delegates degree<br /><br />● 1349 - Jews are expelled from Zurich Switzerland<br /><br />● 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne.<br /><br />● 1561 - William of Orange appointed viceroy of Burgundy/Charolais<br /><br />● 1630 - Quadequine introduced popcorn to English colonists at their first Thanksgiving dinner.<br /><br />● 1632 - Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems is published.<br /><br />● 1656 - New Amsterdam granted a Jewish burial site<br /><br />● 1680 - Death of Thomas Goodwin, 79, famed English Congregational Nonconformist preacher. His last words were: 'Ah, is this dying? How I have dreaded as an enemy this smiling friend.'<br /><br />● 1732 - Birth of George Washington, Bridges Creek, Virginia. Rich white slave owner, military man, last U.S. President who could not tell a lie.<br /><br />● 1744 - War of the Austrian Succession: The Battle of Toulon begins.<br /><br />● 1746 - French troops conquer Brussels<br /><br />● 1746 - Jakobijnse troops vacate Aberdeen<br /><br />● 1774 - English House of Lords rules authors do not have perpetual copyright<br /><br />● 1775 - 1st US joint stock company (to make cloth) offers shares at £10<br /><br />● 1775 - Jews expelled from outskirts of Warsaw Poland<br /><br />● 1784 - 1st US ship to trade with China, "Empress of China", sails from New York<br /><br />● 1805 - Birth of Sarah Flower Adams, English religious writer. Her most enduring verses today comprise the lyrics to the hymn, "Nearer, My God, To Thee."<br /><br />● 1819 - By the Adams-Onís Treaty, Spain sells Florida to the United States for five million U.S. dollars.<br /><br />● 1821 - Former Spanish Florida, including un-ceded Seminole land, becomes U.S. territory.<br /><br />● 1825 - Russia & Britain establish Alaska-Canada boundary<br /><br />● 1828 - Russia & Persia sign Peace of Turkmantsjai<br /><br />● 1835 - HMS Beagle/Charles Darwin leave Valdivia Chile<br /><br />● 1836 - Dutch garrison evacuates fort Du Bus New Guinea<br /><br />● 1840 - Ferdinand August Bebel, early German socialist leader.<br /><br />● 1847 - Mexican-American War: The Battle of Buena Vista - 5,000 American troops drive off 15,000 Mexican.<br /><br />● 1853 - The Washington University is founded in St. Louis as Eliot Seminary.<br /><br />● 1854 - 1st meeting of the Republican Party, Michigan<br /><br />● 1855 - The Pennsylvania State University is founded.<br /><br />● 1855 - The U.S. Congress voted to appropriate $200,000 for continuance of the work on the Washington Monument. The next morning the resolution was tabled and it would be 21 years before the Congress would vote on funds again. Work was continued by the Know-Nothing Party in charge of the project.<br /><br />● 1856 - The Republican Party opens its first national meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.<br /><br />● 1859 - U.S. President Buchanan approved the Act of February 22, 1859, which incorporated the Washington National Monument Society "for the purpose of completing the erection now in progress of a great National Monument to the memory of Washington at the seat of the Federal Government."<br /><br />● 1860 - Shoe-making workers of Lynn, MS, strike successfully for higher wages<br /><br />● 1861 - On a bet Edward Weston leaves Boston to walk to Lincoln's inauguration<br /><br />● 1862 - Jefferson Davis is officially inaugurated for a six-year term as the President of the Confederate States of America in Richmond, Virginia. He was previously inaugurated as a provisional president on February 18, 1861.<br /><br />● 1864 - 2nd/last day of Battle of Okolona MS<br /><br />● 1864 - Battle at Dalton, Georgia<br /><br />● 1864 - Skirmish at Calfkiller Creek (Sparta) Tennessee<br /><br />● 1865 - Battle of Wilmington NC (Fort Anderson) occupied by Federals<br /><br />● 1865 - Tennessee adopts a new constitution that abolishes slavery.<br /><br />● 1872 - 1st national convention of the Prohibition Party (Columbus OH)<br /><br />● 1872 - Labor Reform Party formed at Columbus OH {It seems incredible that Columbus was a hot bed of third parties with two on the same day.}<br /><br />● 1876 - Birth of Gertrude Bonnin (Red Bird), Sioux activist.<br /><br />● 1876 - Johns Hopkins University is founded in Baltimore, Maryland.<br /><br />● 1878 - Greenback Labor Party formed (Toledo OH)<br /><br />● 1879 - In Utica, New York, Frank Woolworth opens the first of many of 5 and 10-cent Woolworth stores.<br /><br />● 1882 - Serbian kingdom refounded.<br /><br />● 1885 - The Washington Monument was officially dedicated in Washington, DC. It opened to the public in 1889.<br /><br />● 1887 - Union Labor Party organized in Cincinnati<br /><br />● 1888 - General Winn led the parade in San Francisco celebrating the passage of California's eight-hour law.<br /><br />● 1889 - President Grover Cleveland signs a bill admitting North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington as U.S. states.<br /><br />● 1892 - Edna St. Vincent Millay, the Pulitzer Prize-winning poet who personified romantic rebellion, was born.<br /><br />● 1894 - Marius Monfray dies in Lyons. French anarchist and trade unionist. In November 1886, he was given eight days in prison for organizing an illegal lottery (in support for a colleague on trial). His response, "Vive l'anarchie!," got him two years of prison time for "contempt of court."<br /><br />● 1898 - Black postmaster lynched, his wife and three daughters shot, Lake City, South Carolina.<br /><br />● 1900 - Battle at Wynne's Hill, South-Africa (Boers vs British army)<br /><br />● 1900 - Birth of Meridel LeSueur (1900-1996), writer about working-class women and justice seeker.<br /><br />● 1900 - Hawaii became a US territory<br /><br />● 1903 - Due to drought the US side of Niagara Falls runs short of water<br /><br />● 1904 - UK recognises the South Orkney Islands as part of Argentina, in 1908 claims them again.<br /><br />● 1906 - Black evangelist William J. Seymour first arrived in Los Angeles and began holding revival meetings. The "Azusa Street Revival" later broke out under Seymour's leadership, in the Apostolic Faith Mission located at 312 Azusa Street in Los Angeles. It was one of the pioneering events in the history of 20th century American Pentecostalism.<br /><br />● 1907 - 1st cabs with taxi meters begin operating in London<br /><br />● 1909 - Great White Fleet, 1st US fleet to circle the globe, returns to Virginia. {This was the non-too subtle brainchild of Teddy "Walk Softly but carry a big stick" Roosevelt.}<br /><br />● 1915 - World War I: Germany institutes unrestricted submarine warfare.<br /><br />● 1917 - German Navy torpedoes 7 Dutch ships<br /><br />● 1917 - The Russian Revolution begins with a wave of strikes and protests in Petrograd (St. Petersburg).<br /><br />● 1918 - Germany claims Baltic states, Finland & Ukraine from Russia<br /><br />● 1920 - In Emeryville, New York, the first dog race track to employ an imitation rabbit opens.<br /><br />● 1921 - Russia - Wave of strikes in Petrograd protesting factory conditions and the discipline of "war communism."<br /><br />● 1922 - Congress authorizes Grant Memorial $1 gold coin<br /><br />● 1923 - The United States begins the first transcontinental air mail route.<br /><br />● 1924 - Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to deliver a radio broadcast from the White House.<br /><br />● 1927 - Baruch Spinosa's house of mourning opened as a museum<br /><br />● 1928 - 1st solo England to Australia flight lands (Bert Hinkler)<br /><br />● 1928 - Ku Klux Klan announces that, as of today, it would discard its masks and change its name to the "Knights of the Green Forest."<br /><br />● 1932 - Purple Heart award re-instituted<br /><br />● 1933 - Göring forms SA/SS-police, shoots 40-50<br /><br />● 1934 - Revolutionary leader Augusto Sandino is assassinated by Somoza's National Guard, Managua, Nicaragua.<br /><br />● 1935 - Airplanes are no longer permitted to fly over the White House<br /><br />● 1939 - Netherlands recognizes Franco-regime in Spain<br /><br />● 1940 - Finnish troops vacate Koivisto island<br /><br />● 1940 - German air force sinks 2 German destroyers, killing 578<br /><br />● 1941 - Arthur T "Bomber" Harris becomes British Air Marshal<br /><br />● 1941 - German assault on El Agheila Libya<br /><br />● 1941 - I G Farben decides building Buna-Werke in Auschwitz Concentration Camp<br /><br />● 1941 - Nazi SS begin rounding up Jews of Amsterdam<br /><br />● 1942 - World War II: President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders General Douglas MacArthur out of the Philippines as American defense collapses.<br /><br />● 1943 - Sophie Scholl, a 22-year-old activist at Munich University, is executed after being convicted of urging students to rise up and overthrow the Nazi government. Scholl was one of several members of the White Rose Society executed.<br /><br />● 1944 - American aircraft bombard the Dutch towns of Nijmegen, Arnhem, Enschede and Deventer by mistake, resulting in 800 dead in Nijmegen alone.<br /><br />● 1944 - English apologist C.S. Lewis wrote in a letter: 'Heaven enters wherever Christ enters, even in this life.'<br /><br />● 1945 - Arab League forms (Cairo)<br /><br />● 1945 - British troops take Ramree Island, Burma<br /><br />● 1945 - Canadian 3rd Division occupies Moyland<br /><br />● 1948 - Arabs bomb attack in Jerusalem, 50 die<br /><br />● 1948 - Communist coup in Czechoslovakia<br /><br />● 1949 - Grady the Cow, a 1,200-pound cow gets stuck inside a silo on a farm in Yukon, Oklahoma and garners national media attention.<br /><br />● 1952 - U.S. Air Force F-84 crashes near Pusan, Korea, hitting a power plant, four homes, and a hospital. Fifteen dead, 20 injured.<br /><br />● 1955 - American tennis star 'Little Mo' to quit; Maureen Connolly, one of America's greatest tennis players, is to retire from the sport after a horse-riding accident.<br /><br />● 1955 - British aircraft carrier Ark Royal sets sail<br /><br />● 1958 - Egypt and Syria join to form the United Arab Republic.<br /><br />● 1958 - Indonesian air force bombs Padang, Sumatra/Menado, Celebes<br /><br />● 1965 - USSR launches Kosmos 57 into earth orbit (Voskhod Test)<br /><br />● 1966 - Barry Bondhus dumps 10 pounds of his own shit on draft files.<br /><br />● 1966 - Soviets launch Kosmos 110 with Veterok & Ugolek, 1st 2-dog crew<br /><br />● 1967 - 25,000 US & S Vietnamese troops launched Operation Junction City, offensive to smash Viet Cong stronghold near Cambodian border<br /><br />● 1969 - AFL-CIO Executive Council, meeting in Bal Harbour, Fla., dismisses the concept of "black capitalism" as "apartheid, antidemocratic nonsense."<br /><br />● 1969 - Barbara Jo Rubin wins a United States thoroughbred horse race making history as the first woman to do so.<br /><br />● 1969 - One thousand students and 200 faculty rally protesting presidential appointment at Rice University.<br /><br />● 1971 - Lieutenant General Hafiz al-Assad becomes President of Syria<br /><br />● 1972 - IRA bomb kills six at Aldershot barracks; Five women and an army priest are killed in an IRA bomb attack on army premises in Hampshire.<br /><br />● 1972 - Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani becomes Amir & Prime Minister of Qatar<br /><br />● 1972 - President Nixon, meets with Chinese Premier Chou En-Lai in Beijing<br /><br />● 1973 - Cold War: Following United States President Richard Nixon's visit to the People's Republic of China, the two countries agree to establish liaison offices.<br /><br />● 1973 - Israeli fighter planes shoot down a civilian Libyan Arab Airlines Boeing 727 killing 108<br /><br />● 1974 - 44-year-old Samuel Byck tries and fails to assassinate U.S. President Richard Nixon.<br /><br />● 1974 - Ethiopian police shoot at demonstrators<br /><br />● 1974 - Hearst 'ransom' provokes violence; Fighting breaks out around food distribution points in California as newspaper tycoon Randolph Hearst pays a $2 million ransom for his kidnapped daughter Patty.<br /><br />● 1974 - Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) summit conference starts in Lahore, Pakistan. Thirty-seven countries are attending. Twenty-two heads of state and government participate.<br /><br />● 1974 - Sam Lovejoy topples weather tower for proposed nuclear power plant, Montague, Massachusetts. First act of civil disobedience against nuclear power in U.S.<br /><br />● 1974 - Samuel Byck tries and fails to assassinate U.S. President Richard Nixon.<br /><br />● 1977 - Following a trade-union open meeting in Naples, Italy, luxury shops are plundered.<br /><br />● 1978 - 2 tankers with propane gas explode killing 15 at Waverly TN<br /><br />● 1979 - Independence of Saint Lucia from the United Kingdom.<br /><br />● 1980 - Afghanistan declares martial law<br /><br />● 1980 - American Presbyterian apologist Francis Schaeffer wrote in a letter: 'None of us are normal, even after we are Christians if we mean by that being perfect. What is possible, however, is for us to live in the fullness of life in the circle of who we are, constantly pressing on the border lines to try to take further steps.'<br /><br />● 1980 - The United States ice hockey team defeats the Soviet Union team at the 1980 Winter Olympic Games in an upset dubbed the "Miracle on Ice".<br /><br />● 1982 - NYC Mayor Koch announces he will run for New York governor (unsuccessful)<br /><br />● 1983 - Four years after the Three-Mile-Island nuclear power plant meltdown, the Salem-One reactor in Massachusetts almost causes another disaster when its automatic-shutdown system fails. The circuit breakers are supposed to trigger control rods that shut down the reactor. They were designed to be oiled every six months, but an investigation reveals they have been lubricated only once in the past seven years -- and the wrong lubricant was used.<br /><br />● 1983 - Harold Washington wins Chicago's Democratic mayoral primary<br /><br />● 1983 - Hindus kill 3000 Moslems in Assam, India<br /><br />● 1984 - The U.S. Census Bureau statistics showed that the state of Alaska was the fastest growing state of the decade with an increase in population of 19.2 percent.<br /><br />● 1986 - Filipino coup leaders tell Marcos to go; Two senior members of the government take refuge in the defence ministry building after demanding President Marcos step down following controversial elections.<br /><br />● 1987 - Pop artist Andy Warhol died at age 58.<br /><br />● 1989 - Fins ministry of Public health installs sex vacation to thwart stress<br /><br />● 1989 - In the apex of the Embarrassing Eighties, Bobby McFerron's "Don't Worry, Be Happy" wins the Grammy award for Song of the Year.<br /><br />● 1989 - U.K. physicist Stephen Hawking calls Star Wars a "deliberate fraud."<br /><br />● 1989 - US authors demonstrate against Iranian death treats against Salman Rushdee, author of "Satanic Rituals"<br /><br />● 1991 - Bush & US Gulf War allies give Iraq 24 hours to begin Kuwait withdrawal<br /><br />● 1992 - Ceasefire agreed in Croatia.<br /><br />● 1993 - The U.N. Security Council approved creation of an international war crimes tribunal to punish those responsible for atrocities in the former Yugoslavia.<br /><br />● 1994 - The U.S. Justice Department charged Aldrich Ames and his wife with selling national secrets to the Soviet Union. Ames was later convicted to life in prison. Ames' wife received a 5-year prison term.<br /><br />● 1995 - Algiers police kill at least 99 prison rioters<br /><br />● 1995 - Britain and Northern Ireland announce peace plan.<br /><br />● 1995 - Steve Fossett completes 1st air balloon over Pacific Ocean (9600 km)<br /><br />● 1996 - STS 75 (Columbia 19), launches into orbit<br /><br />● 1997 - Nearly 100,000 march in Paris against new anti-immigration bill sponsored by fascist far right.<br /><br />● 1997 - Scottish scientist Ian Wilmut and colleagues announced that an adult sheep had been successfully cloned. Dolly, the first cloned sheep to be born was born in July 1996.<br /><br />● 2001 - A U.N. war crimes tribunal convicted three Bosnian Serbs on charges of rape and torture in the first case of wartime sexual enslavement to go before an international court.<br /><br />● 2002 - A MH-47E Chinook helicopter crashes into the ocean near the Philippines, killing all 10 aboard.<br /><br />● 2002 - Angolan political and rebel leader Jonas Savimbi is killed in a military ambush.<br /><br />● 2002 - Police in San Diego arrested David Westerfield in connection with the disappearance of 7-year-old Danielle van Dam. (Westerfield was later convicted of kidnapping and murder and sentenced to death.)<br /><br />● 2005 - A Virginia man was charged with plotting with al-Qaida to kill President George W. Bush. (Ahmed Omar Abu Ali was later convicted and sentenced to 30 years in prison.)<br /><br />● 2006 - At least six men stage Britain's biggest robbery ever, stealing £53m (about $92.5 million or €78 million) from a Securitas depot in Tonbridge, Kent.<br /><br />● 2006 - Dushanbe synagogue demolished.<br /><br />● 2006 - Insurgents destroyed the golden dome of one of Iraq's holiest Shiite shrines, the Askariya mosque in Samarra, setting off an unprecedented spasm of sectarian violence.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1040 - Rashi, French rabbi and commentator (d. 1105)<br /><br />● 1403 - Charles VII of France, King of France from 1422 to 1461 (d. 1461)<br /><br />● 1440 - Ladislaus Posthumus of Bohemia and Hungary (d. 1457)<br /><br />● 1500 - Cardinal Rodolfo Pio da Carpi, Italian humanist (d. 1564)<br /><br />● 1612 - George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol, English statesman (d. 1677)<br /><br />● 1705 - Peter Artedi, Swedish naturalist (d. 1735)<br /><br />● 1714 - Louis-Georges de Bréquigny, French historian (d. 1795)<br /><br />● 1732 - George Washington, First President of the United States (d. 1799)<br /><br />● 1756 - Georg Friedrich von Martens, German diplomat (d. 1821)<br /><br />● 1778 - Rembrandt Peale, American artist (d. 1860)<br /><br />● 1788 - Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher (d. 1860)<br /><br />● 1796 - Alexis Bachelot, French missionary (d. 1838)<br /><br />● 1796 - Lambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet, Belgian mathematician (d. 1874)<br /><br />● 1806 - Józef Kremer, Polish messianistic philosopher (d. 1875)<br /><br />● 1817 - Carl Wilhelm Borchardt, German mathematician (d. 1880)<br /><br />● 1819 - James Russell Lowell, American poet and essayist (d. 1891)<br /><br />● 1825 - Jean Baptiste Salpointe, second Archbishop of Santa Fe (d. 1898)<br /><br />● 1839 - Francis Pharcellus Church, American editor and publisher (d. 1906)<br /><br />● 1840 - August Bebel, German co-founder of the Social Democratic Party (d. 1913)<br /><br />● 1849 - Nikolay Yakovlevich Sonin, Russian mathematician (d. 1915)<br /><br />● 1857 - Heinrich Hertz, German physicist (d. 1894)<br /><br />● 1857 - Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, English founder of the Boy Scouts (d. 1941)<br /><br />● 1864 - Jules Renard, French author (d. 1910)<br /><br />● 1874 - Bill Klem, Major League Baseball Hall of Fame umpire (d. 1951)<br /><br />● 1878 - Walter Ritz, Swiss physicist (d. 1909)<br /><br />● 1879 - Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted, Danish physical chemist (d. 1947)<br /><br />● 1880 - Frigyes Riesz, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1956)<br /><br />● 1882 - Eric Gill, British sculptor (d. 1940)<br /><br />● 1883 - Marguerite Clark, American silent film actress (d. 1940)<br /><br />● 1886 - Hugo Ball, German author and poet (d. 1927)<br /><br />● 1887 - Ksawery Tartakower, Polish chess player (d. 1956)<br /><br />● 1888 - Owen Brewster, U.S. Senator from Maine (d. 1961)<br /><br />● 1889 - Olave Baden-Powell, English Chief Girl Guide (d. 1977)<br /><br />● 1891 - Vlas Chubar, Soviet politician (d. 1939)<br /><br />● 1892 - David Dubinsky, Russian-born American labor leader (d. 1982)<br /><br />● 1892 - Edna St. Vincent Millay, American writer (d. 1950)<br /><br />● 1895 - Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre, Peruvian politician, founder of APRA party (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1897 - Karol Świerczewski, Polish general (d. 1947)<br /><br />● 1899 - Dechko Uzunov, Bulgarian painter (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1899 - Dwight Frye, American actor (d. 1943)<br /><br />● 1899 - George O'Hara, American actor (d. 1966)<br /><br />● 1900 - Luis Buñuel, Spanish-born film director (d. 1983)<br /><br />● 1900 - Sean O'Faolain, Irish short-story writer and teacher (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1902 - Fritz Strassmann, German physicist (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1903 - Ain-Ervin Mere, Estonian Nazi (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1903 - Morley Callaghan, Canadian writer (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1903 - Robert Weede, American baritone (d. 1972)<br /><br />● 1904 - Peter Hurd, American painter, printmaker and illustrator (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1907 - Robert Young, American actor (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1907 - Sheldon Leonard, American actor (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1908 - Sir John Mills, English actor (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1911 - Bill Baker, baseball player (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1913 - George Holmes Tate, American jazz saxophonist and clarinetist (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1914 - Renato Dulbecco, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate<br /><br />● 1917 - Jane Bowles, American writer and playwright (d. 1973)<br /><br />● 1918 - Charlie Finley, American sports entrepreneur (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1918 - Don Pardo, American radio and television announcer (''Saturday Night Live'' & "Rowan and Martin's Laugh In")<br /><br />● 1918 - Robert Wadlow, tallest person in history (d. 1940)<br /><br />● 1918 - Sid Abel, Canadian hockey player (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1921 - Giulietta Masina, Italian actress (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1921 - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, ruler of the Central African Republic (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1921 - Wayne Booth, American literary critic (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1922 - Jesús Iglesias, Argentine racing driver (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1925 - Edward Gorey, American illustrator (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1926 - Bud Yorkin, American film director<br /><br />● 1926 - Kenneth Williams, English actor (d. 1988)<br /><br />● 1928 - Bruce Forsyth, British entertainer<br /><br />● 1928 - Clarence 13X, founder of the Nation of Gods and Earths (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1928 - Paul Dooley, American actor<br /><br />● 1929 - James Hong, Chinese American actor<br /><br />● 1929 - Rebecca Schull, American actress<br /><br />● 1930 - James McGarrell, American painter<br /><br />● 1930 - Marni Nixon, American singer<br /><br />● 1932 - Ted Kennedy, U.S. senator from Massachusetts<br /><br />● 1933 - Bobby Smith, English footballer<br /><br />● 1933 - Katharine, Duchess of Kent<br /><br />● 1934 - Sparky Anderson, American baseball manager and Hall of Fame member<br /><br />● 1936 - Ernie K-Doe, American singer (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1936 - J. Michael Bishop, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate<br /><br />● 1938 - Ishmael Reed, American writer<br /><br />● 1938 - Pierre Vallières, founding member of the Front de libération du Québec (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1940 - Billy Name, American photographer and Andy Warhol archivist<br /><br />● 1940 - Johnson Mlambo, South African politician<br /><br />● 1941 - Hipólito Mejía, President of the Dominican Republic<br /><br />● 1942 - Christine Keeler, English model and showgirl<br /><br />● 1943 - Horst Köhler, President of Germany<br /><br />● 1943 - Terry Eagleton, British theorist<br /><br />● 1944 - Jonathan Demme, American director<br /><br />● 1944 - Robert Kardashian, American lawyer (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1944 - Tom Okker, Dutch tennis player<br /><br />● 1945 - Leslie Charleson, American actress<br /><br />● 1945 - Oliver, American singer (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1947 - Carol Burns, Australian actress<br /><br />● 1948 - John Ashton, American actor<br /><br />● 1949 - Niki Lauda, Austrian race car driver, three-time F1 world champion and airline entrepreneur<br /><br />● 1949 - Olga Morozova, Russian tennis player<br /><br />● 1950 - Ellen Greene, American actress<br /><br />● 1950 - Genesis P-Orridge, English performer, musician and artist<br /><br />● 1950 - Julie Walters, English actress<br /><br />● 1950 - Julius Erving, American basketball player and Hall of Fame member<br /><br />● 1950 - Lenny Kuhr, Dutch singer<br /><br />● 1950 - Miou-Miou, French actress<br /><br />● 1952 - Bill Frist, U.S. senator from Tennessee<br /><br />● 1953 - Graham Lewis, English musician (Wire)<br /><br />● 1953 - Nigel Planer, British actor<br /><br />● 1955 - Tim Young, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1959 - Jiří Čunek, Czech politician<br /><br />● 1959 - Kyle MacLachlan, American actor<br /><br />● 1961 - Akira Takasaki, Japanese guitarist<br /><br />● 1962 - Lenda Murray, American bodybuilder<br /><br />● 1962 - Les Wallace, Scottish darts player<br /><br />● 1962 - Steve Irwin, Australian herpetologist (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1963 - Vijay Singh, Fijian golfer<br /><br />● 1964 - Gigi Fernandez, Puerto Rican tennis player<br /><br />● 1965 - Pat LaFontaine, American ice hockey player and Hall of Fame member<br /><br />● 1966 - Aiden Shaw, English pornographic actor<br /><br />● 1966 - Brian Greig, Australian politician<br /><br />● 1966 - Rachel Dratch, American actress and comedienne (''Saturday Night Live'')<br /><br />● 1967 - Alf Poier, Austrian comedian<br /><br />● 1968 - Bradley Nowell, American musician (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1968 - Jeri Ryan, American actress ("Shark," "Boston Public," and "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine")<br /><br />● 1968 - Shawn Graham, Canadian politician<br /><br />● 1969 - Brian Laudrup, Danish footballer<br /><br />● 1969 - Byron Stroud, American bassist<br /><br />● 1969 - Joaquín Cortés, Spanish dancer<br /><br />● 1969 - Thomas Jane, Actor<br /><br />● 1970 - Dominic Roussel, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1971 - Jose Solano, Actor<br /><br />● 1971 - Lea Salonga, Filipina actress and singer<br /><br />● 1972 - Claudia Pechstein, German speed skater<br /><br />● 1972 - Michael Chang, American tennis player<br /><br />● 1973 - Claus Lundekvam, Norwegian footballer, currently playing for Southampton F.C.<br /><br />● 1973 - Einar Kristian Tveitå, Norwegian athlete<br /><br />● 1973 - Juninho Paulista, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Chris Moyles, English DJ<br /><br />● 1974 - James Blunt, English musician<br /><br />● 1975 - Drew Barrymore, American actress<br /><br />● 1975 - Liza Huber, Actress (''Passions'')<br /><br />● 1976 - Faan Rautenbach, South African rugby player<br /><br />● 1979 - Brett Emerton, Australian footballer<br /><br />● 1979 - Lee Na-young, South Korean actress<br /><br />● 1980 - Fredson Camara, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1982 - Jenna Haze, American pornographic actress<br /><br />● 1982 - Robert Weiner, Jr., American water polo player<br /><br />● 1986 - Miko Hughes, American actor<br /><br />● 1986 - Rajon Rondo, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1988 - Maiara Walsh, American actress<br /><br />● 1988 - Przemysław Kazimierczak, Polish footballer<br /><br />● 1989 - Anna Sundstrand, Swedish singer and model<br /><br />● 1990 - Daniel E. Smith, Actor (''John Q.'')</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 965 - Odo, Duke of Burgundy (b. 944)<br /><br />● 1071 - Arnulf III, Count of Flanders (killed in battle) (b. c. 1055)<br /><br />● 1111 - Roger Borsa, King of Sicily<br /><br />● 1371 - King David II of Scotland (b. 1324)<br /><br />● 1512 - Amerigo Vespucci, Italian merchant and explorer (b. 1454)<br /><br />● 1627 - Olivier van Noort, Dutch navigator (b. 1558)<br /><br />● 1674 - Jean Chapelain, French writer (b. 1595)<br /><br />● 1680 - Catherine Monvoisin, French sorceress (b. c. 1640)<br /><br />● 1690 - Charles Le Brun, French artist (b. 1619)<br /><br />● 1727 - Francesco Gasparini, Italian composer (b. 1661)<br /><br />● 1731 - Frederik Ruysch, Dutch physician and anatomist (b. 1638)<br /><br />● 1732 - Francis Atterbury, English bishop and man of letters (b. 1663)<br /><br />● 1742 - Charles Rivington, English publisher (b. 1688)<br /><br />● 1797 - Karl Friedrich Hieronymus Freiherr von Münchhausen, German officer and adventurer (b. 1720)<br /><br />● 1799 - Heshen, infamous Qing Dynasty Chinese official at court (b. 1750)<br /><br />● 1816 - Adam Ferguson, Scottish philosopher and historian (b. 1723)<br /><br />● 1875 - Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, French painter (b. 1796)<br /><br />● 1875 - Sir Charles Lyell, Scottish geologist (b. 1797)<br /><br />● 1890 - Carl Heinrich Bloch, Danish painter (b. 1834)<br /><br />● 1890 - John Jacob Astor III, American businessman (b. 1822)<br /><br />● 1892 - Herman Koeckemann, German Catholic prelate (b. 1828)<br /><br />● 1903 - Hugo Wolf, Austrian composer (b. 1860)<br /><br />● 1904 - Leslie Stephen, English writer and critic (b. 1832)<br /><br />● 1913 - Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist (b. 1857)<br /><br />● 1919 - Julia, Princess of Serbia (b. 1831)<br /><br />● 1921 - Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1864)<br /><br />● 1923 - Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (b. 1852)<br /><br />● 1934 - Willem Kes, Dutch conductor (b. 1856)<br /><br />● 1939 - Antonio Machado, Spanish poet (b. 1875)<br /><br />● 1942 - Stefan Zweig, Austrian writer (b. 1881)<br /><br />● 1943 - Christoph Probst, German resistance fighter (b. 1919)<br /><br />● 1943 - Hans Scholl, German resistance fighter (executed) (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 1943 - Sophie Scholl, German resistance fighter (executed) (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 1945 - Osip Brik, Russian writer (b. 1888)<br /><br />● 1960 - Paul-Émile Borduas, Quebec painter (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1961 - Nick LaRocca, American jazz musician (b. 1889)<br /><br />● 1965 - Felix Frankfurter, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (b. 1882)<br /><br />● 1968 - Peter Arno, American cartoonist (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1973 - Jean-Jacques Bertrand, Quebec politician, Premier of Quebec (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 1973 - Katina Paxinou, Greek actress (b. 1900)<br /><br />● 1974 - Samuel Byck, American attempted assassin of Richard Nixon (b. 1930)<br /><br />● 1976 - Angela Baddeley, English actress (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1976 - Florence Ballard, American singer (The Supremes) (b. 1943)<br /><br />● 1980 - Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian artist (b. 1886)<br /><br />● 1982 - Josh Malihabadi, Urdu poet of India and Pakistan (b. 1898)<br /><br />● 1983 - Romain Maes, Belgian cyclist (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 1983 - Sir Adrian Boult, English conductor (b. 1889)<br /><br />● 1984 - Jessamyn West, American writer (b. 1902)<br /><br />● 1985 - Alexander Scourby, American actor (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 1985 - Efrem Zimbalist, Russian violinist (b. 1889)<br /><br />● 1985 - Salvador Espriu, Spanish poet (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 1987 - Andy Warhol, American artist, director, and writer (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 1994 - Papa John Creach, American musician (b. 1917)<br /><br />● 1995 - Ed Flanders, American actor (b. 1934)<br /><br />● 1997 - Joseph Aiuppa, American gangster (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1998 - Abraham Ribicoff, American politician (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 1999 - Menno Oosting, Dutch tennis player (b. 1964)<br /><br />● 2000 - Fernando Buesa, Spanish politician (b. 1946)<br /><br />● 2002 - Chuck Jones, American animator (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 2002 - Daniel Pearl, American journalist (b. 1963)<br /><br />● 2002 - Jonas Savimbi, Angolan rebel leader (b. 1934)<br /><br />● 2002 - Roden Cutler, Australian diplomat and war hero (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 2003 - Daniel Taradash, American screenwriter (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 2004 - Andy Seminick, American baseball player (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 2004 - Roque Máspoli, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1917)<br /><br />● 2005 - Lee Eun Ju, Korean actress (b. 1980)<br /><br />● 2005 - Simone Simon, French actress (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 2005 - Zdzisław Beksiński, Polish artist (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 2006 - Anthony Burger, American musician and singer (b. 1961)<br /><br />● 2007 - Dennis Johnson, American basketball player (b. 1954)<br /><br />● 2007 - George Jellicoe, Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Lords & Special Boat Service veteran (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 2007 - Howard Verne Ramsey, oldest U.S. veteran of WWI (b. 1898)<br /><br />● 2007 - Samuel Hinga Norman, Sierra Leonean alleged war criminal (b. 1940)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● Feast of the Chair of Saint Peter at Antioch.<br />● Martyrs of Arabia<br />● St. Aristion<br />● St. Athanasius<br />● St. Baradates<br />● St. Elwin<br />● St. Isabel of France, Blessed (died 1270)<br />● St. Margaret of Cortona, Franciscan tertiary<br />● St. Maximian of Ravenna<br />● St. Papias<br />● St. Raynerius<br />● Sts. Thalassius & Limuneus<br />● Bl. John the Saxon<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 9 (Civil Date: February 22)<br />● Opening of the Relics of St. Innocent of Irkutsk.<br />● Martyr Nicephorus of Antioch.<br />● Hieromartyrs Marcellus, Bishop of Sicily, Philagrius, Bishop of Cyprus, and Pancratius, Bishop of Taormina.<br />● Martyr Peter Damascene.<br />● Saints Nicephorus and Gennadius, monks of Vazheozersk (Vologda).<br />● St. Pancratius, hieromonk of the Kiev Caves.<br />● Saints Aemilianus and Braccchio of Tours (Gaul).<br />● Repose of Maria, desert-dweller of Olonets (1860).<br /><br />● The Scouting movement and the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts celebrate this day as "World Thinking Day", "B.-P. day", or "Founder's Day", as it is the shared birthday of the Scouts' founder Sir Robert Baden-Powell and his wife, Lady Olave Baden-Powell, the World Chief Guide.<br /><br />● British Commonwealth - Girl Guides Thinking Day (1857)<br /><br />● Central African Republic - President's Birthday<br /><br />● Egypt, Syria - Unity Day (1958)<br /><br />● India - Mothers Day<br /><br />● México - National Mourning Day (Francisco I Madero-1913)<br /><br />● Qatar - Amir's Assumption of Amirship (1972)<br /><br />● St. Lucia - Independence Day (1979)<br /><br />● United States - Washington's Birthday (traditionally).<br /><br />● Virgin Island - Donkey Races Day<br /><br />● This Holiday is only applicable on a given "day of the week"<br />● World : Brotherhood Day (1934) - ( Sunday )</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-22.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_22"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#22"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-22.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-84479151813597392592008-02-21T00:01:00.001-07:002008-02-29T23:26:14.558-07:00February 21......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 21</strong> is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 313 (314 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1977,1983,. . . .,1994,2000—MON—2005<br />1978,1984,1989,1995,. . . .—TUE—2006<br />1979,. . . .,1990,1996,2001—WED—2007<br />1980,1985,1991,. . . .,2002—THU—<strong>2008</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—FRI—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—SAT—2009<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—SUN—2010<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 21 is the 18th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 128 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 13th/14th/15th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />350, 361, 372, 445, 451, 456, 535, 540, 546, 619, 630, 641, 703, 714, 725, 736, 787, 798, 809, 820, 882, 893, 904, 977, 983, 988, 1067, 1072, 1078, 1151, 1162, 1173, 1235, 1246, 1257, 1268, 1319, 1330, 1341, 1352, 1414, 1425, 1436, 1509, 1515, 1520, 1624, 1635, 1703, 1776, 1787, 1798, 1844, 1849, 1855, 1912, 1917, 1996, 2007<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2080, 2091, 2148, 2159, 2216, 2227, 2300, 2368, 2379, 2390, 2452, 2463, 2474, 2520, 2531, 2542, 2672, 2683, 2694, 2740, 2751, 2824, 2835, 2846, 2903, 2914, 2976, 2987, 2998, 3044, 3055, 3066, 3112, 3123, 3134, 3196, 3207, 3218, 3229, 3291, 3348, 3359, 3370, 3381, 3416, 3427, 3438, 3500, 3506, 3568, 3579, 3590, 3652, 3663, 3674, 3685, 3720, 3731, 3742, 3753, 3810, 3883, 3894, 3940, 3951, 3962, 4035, 4046, 4057<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Doubt </strong>"Believe nothing, no matter where you read it, or who said it, no matter if I have said it, unless it agrees with your own reason and your own common sense."<strong> — Buddha</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On War Is Hell </strong>". . . New Bridge Strategies is providing the flexible and complete solutions as well as entrepreneurial ability necessary for companies seeking to open a path to these unique opportunities and engage in both long and short-term Iraqi business projects."<strong> — From the website of New Bridge Strategies, a firm headed by Joe M. Allbaugh, who was George W. Bush's campaign manager in 2000. The firm was founded in May 2003. newbridgestrategies.com.—Part 9 of 9</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"Mike Caldwell, the Padres' right-handed southpaw, will pitch tonight."<strong> — Jerry Coleman was an infielder for the Yankees (what is it about the Bronx Bombers that turned out such a raft of funny speakers?), and manager of the San Diego Padres. After playing, he made his mark as a radio and TV broadcaster, where his malapropisms, non sequiturs, and other goofs became legendary. Coleman is Hall of Shame member #8.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nOcWhLiGI/AAAAAAAAFlA/fzCRRyLwZwE/s1600-h/50-52-2Q-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nOcWhLiHI/AAAAAAAAFlI/9bCKsfgjRrE/s400/50-52-2Q-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150374635351279730" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 21, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Full Moon Percent of Full: 100% Age: 51% Rise: 6:50 PM Set: 7:06 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 21, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Full Moon Percent of Full: 100% Age: 51% Rise: 7:11 PM Set: 7:22 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 21, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Full Moon Percent of Full: 100% Age: 51% Rise: 6:39 PM Set: 7:05 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 21, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Full Moon Percent of Full: 100% Age: 51% Rise: 6:13 PM Set: 6:42 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Orion's Horsehead Nebula<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080221.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R8jtkT1enYI/AAAAAAAAF4M/WkeIRfYCZM8/s400/2008-02-21.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5172645380090666370" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Victor Bertol<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria.<br /><br />● 1109 - Death of Anselm of Canterbury, 76, priest and theologian. Best remembered for his 1099 classic, "Cur Deus Homo" ("Why God Became Man"), Anselm is regarded as the most original thinker in the Catholic Church since Augustine. His most often quoted saying was: 'I believe, in order that I may understand.'<br /><br />● 1173 - Pope Alexander III canonized Thomas Becket (1118-70). As Archbishop of Canterbury, Becket had been martyred three years earlier on orders of English King Henry II a former friend until Becket was elevated to Archbishop in 1162.<br /><br />● 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, was granted resignation after having confessed to torture and forgery.<br /><br />● 1431 - England begins trial against Joan of Arc<br /><br />● 1440 - The Prussian Confederation is formed.<br /><br />● 1543 - Battle of Wayna Daga - A combined army of Ethiopian and Portuguese troops defeated a Muslim army led by Ahmed Gragn.<br /><br />● 1564 - Philip II routes cardinal Granvelle to Franche-Comté<br /><br />● 1574 - Spanish garrison of Middelburg Netherlands surrenders<br /><br />● 1583 - Groningen Netherlands begins using Gregorian calendar<br /><br />● 1598 - Boris Godunov crowned tsar<br /><br />● 1613 - Mikhail I is elected unanimously as Tsar by a national assembly, beginning the Romanov dynasty of Imperial Russia.<br /><br />● 1673 - Michiel A de Ruyter appointed Lieutenant-Admiral-General of Dutch fleet<br /><br />● 1675 - Prince Willem III appointed viceroy of Gelderland<br /><br />● 1795 - Freedom of worship was established in France under the constitution that came out of the French Revolution of 1789.<br /><br />● 1804 - The first self-propelling steam locomotive makes its outing at the Pen-y-Darren ironworks in Wales.<br /><br />● 1828 - Premier issue of the "Cherokee Phoenix" published. First U.S. newspaper in a native language, it uses the Cherokee syllabary, developed by Sequoyah, who assigned symbols to 86 Cherokee syllables. The Phoenix will appear weekly until May 1834.<br /><br />● 1835 - U.S. Senate accepts treaty by which Potawatomi, Ottowa, and Chippewa cede land (including that of the town of Chicago) to U.S. government.<br /><br />● 1842 - John Greenough is granted the first U.S. patent for the sewing machine.<br /><br />● 1846 - 1st US woman telegrapher, Sarah G Bagley, Lowell MA<br /><br />● 1848 - Former President John Quincy Adams suffered a stroke on the floor of the House of Representatives in Washington, D.C. He died two days later.<br /><br />● 1848 - Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels publish the Communist Manifesto.<br /><br />● 1853 - US authorizes minting of $3 gold pieces<br /><br />● 1857 - Congress outlaws foreign currency as legal tender in US<br /><br />● 1857 - US issues flying eagle cents<br /><br />● 1858 - Edwin T Holmes installs 1st electric burglar alarm (Boston MA)<br /><br />● 1861 - Navaho Indians elect Herrero Grande as chief<br /><br />● 1862 - Confederate Constitution & Presidency are declared permanent<br /><br />● 1862 - Texas Rangers win Confederate victory at Battle of Val Verde, New Mexico<br /><br />● 1864 - 1st US Catholic parish church for blacks dedicated, Baltimore MD<br /><br />● 1864 - Battle at Okolonam MS<br /><br />● 1866 - Lucy B Hobbs (Taylor) becomes 1st US woman to earn a DDS (dental) degree<br /><br />● 1874 - Benjamin Disraeli replaces William Gladstone as English premier<br /><br />● 1874 - The Oakland Daily Tribune publishes its first newspaper.<br /><br />● 1875 - Jeanne Calment was born, going on to live for 122 years 164 days, the longest confirmed lifespan for any human being in history.<br /><br />● 1878 - The first telephone book is issued in New Haven, Connecticut.<br /><br />● 1883 - 2nd French government of Ferry begins<br /><br />● 1885 - The newly completed Washington Monument is dedicated.<br /><br />● 1887 - 1st US bacteriology laboratory opens (Brooklyn)<br /><br />● 1887 - Oregon becomes 1st US state to make Labor Day a holiday<br /><br />● 1893 - Andres Segovia, the Spanish musician who established the guitar as an important concert instrument, was born.<br /><br />● 1893 - Thomas Edison receives two U.S. patents for a "Cut Out for Incandescent Electric Lamps" and for a "Stop Device"<br /><br />● 1895 - North Carolina Legislature, adjourns for day to mark death of Frederick Douglass<br /><br />● 1902 - Dr Harvey Cushing, 1st US brain surgeon, does his 1st brain operation<br /><br />● 1903 - Cornerstone laid for US army war college, Washington DC<br /><br />● 1907 - Poet W.H. Auden was born in York, England.<br /><br />● 1907 - SS Berlin sinks off Hoek van Holland Netherlands (142 dead)<br /><br />● 1914 - White Wolf troops attack Zhanjiang China<br /><br />● 1915 - 20th Russian Army corps surrenders<br /><br />● 1916 - Battle of Verdun (WWI) begins (1 million casualties) The battle ended on December 18, 1916 with a French victory over Germany.<br /><br />● 1917 - British Mendi sinks off Isle of Wight, 627 die<br /><br />● 1917 - Train near Chirurcha Romania catches fire & explodes; 100s die<br /><br />● 1918 - Australians chase Turkish troop out of Jericho, Dutch Palestine<br /><br />● 1918 - The last Carolina parakeet dies in captivity at the Cincinnati Zoo.<br /><br />● 1919 - German National Meeting accepts Anschluss incorporation of Austria<br /><br />● 1919 - In Munich, the socialist Kurt Eisner, principal in the Bavarian revolution and president of the Republic of Councils, is assassinated by extremists. The Central Council of the Republic declares a general strike and state of siege.<br /><br />● 1919 - Revolutionary strike in Barcelona<br /><br />● 1922 - Airship Rome explodes at Hampton Roads Virginia; 34 die<br /><br />● 1922 - Great Britain grants Egypt independence<br /><br />● 1925 - Mass meeting of SPD's Reichsbanner Black-Red-Gold in Magdeburg<br /><br />● 1925 - The New Yorker publishes its first issue.<br /><br />● 1931 - Alka Seltzer introduced<br /><br />● 1932 - André Tardieu becomes premier of France<br /><br />● 1932 - Camera exposure meter patented, WN Goodwin<br /><br />● 1934 - Augusto Cesar Sandino, hero of Nicaraguan independence, and his aides assassinated in Managua by Somoza's National Guard.<br /><br />● 1934 - Twelve hundred assembly line workers at the Racine, Wisconsin Nash automobile plant go on strike. Plants in Milwaukee and Kenosha, with another 3,400, follow. After eight weeks of federal mediation, all workers receive raises of up to 17 percent, and unions at each plant win sole bargaining rights.<br /><br />● 1936 - Birth of Barbara Jordan, African-American who was first congresswoman from the Deep South (1972-78).<br /><br />● 1937 - Initial flight of the first successful flying car, Waldo Waterman's Arrowbile.<br /><br />● 1937 - The League of Nations bans foreign national "volunteers" in the Spanish Civil War.<br /><br />● 1939 - Belgian government of Pierlot forms<br /><br />● 1941 - US Senate accepts Omar Bradley's demotion to Brigadier-General<br /><br />● 1943 - Battle of Guadalcanal ended.<br /><br />● 1943 - Dutch Roman Catholic bishops protest against persecution of Jews<br /><br />● 1943 - German offensive at Western Dorsalgebergte Tunisia<br /><br />● 1945 - Archbishop De Jong calls for help with war casualties<br /><br />● 1945 - British Army captures Goch<br /><br />● 1945 - Death of Eric Liddell, 43, Scottish Olympic champion runner. Later a missionary to China, Liddell was captured by the Japanese during WWII and died of a brain tumor while still imprisoned. (His college running days were portrayed in the 1981 British film, "Chariots of Fire.")<br /><br />● 1945 - US 10th Armour division overthrows Orscholz line<br /><br />● 1945 - World War II: Japanese Kamikaze planes sink escort carrier Bismarck Sea and damage the Saratoga.<br /><br />● 1946 - Anti-British demonstrations in Egypt<br /><br />● 1947 - In New York City Edwin Land demonstrates the first "instant camera", the Polaroid Land Camera, to a meeting of the Optical Society of America.<br /><br />● 1951 - South Carolina House urges "Shoeless Joe" Jackson be reinstated<br /><br />● 1952 - In Dhaka, East Pakistan (present Bangladesh) police opened fire on a procession of students, who demanded the establishment of Bengali as the official language, killing four people and starting a country-wide protest which led to the recognition of Bengali as one of the national languages of Pakistan. The day was later declared as "International Mother Language Day" by UNESCO.<br /><br />● 1952 - The government of Winston Churchill abolishes Identity Cards (instituted in 1939) in the UK to "set the people free".<br /><br />● 1953 - Francis Crick and James D. Watson discover the structure of the DNA molecule.<br /><br />● 1956 - After suffering legal harassments and personal threats, Martin Luther King Jr. is indicted on conspiracy charges in Montgomery bus boycott.<br /><br />● 1958 - Egypt-Syria as UAR elect Nasser President (99.9% vote)<br /><br />● 1958 - Peace symbol designed and completed by Gerald Holtom, commissioned by Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, in protest against the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment.<br /><br />● 1960 - Cuban leader Fidel Castro nationalizes all businesses in Cuba.<br /><br />● 1961 - Gabon adopts constitution<br /><br />● 1961 - Mercury-Atlas 2 reentry test reaches 172 km<br /><br />● 1962 - J. Edgar Hoover wins a George Washington Award from the Freedom Foundation for "the most outstanding individual contribution to American freedom during 1961." Hoover also won the award in 1958. Don't know which dress he wore.<br /><br />● 1962 - Minister De Pous confirms natural gas reserves in Groningen Netherlands<br /><br />● 1963 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1965 - Malcolm X is assassinated at the Audubon Ballroom in New York City by members of the Nation of Islam.<br /><br />● 1966 - Indonesia's President Sukarno fires General Nasution<br /><br />● 1968 - 150,000 demonstrate against leftist students in West-Berlin<br /><br />● 1969 - 1st launching of heavy N-1 rocket at Baikonur Kazachstan (explodes)<br /><br />● 1970 - Pathet Lao conquerors Xieng Khuang & Muong Suy<br /><br />● 1970 - Swissair Flight 330: A mid-air bomb explosion and subsequent crash kills 38 passengers and nine crew members near Zürich, Switzerland.<br /><br />● 1971 - International march in support of arrested Spanish conscientious objector Pepe Beunza leaves Geneva, Switzerland, for Spain.<br /><br />● 1971 - More than 3,000 from U.S. and Canada protest at Blaine (Wash.) border crossing against oil tanker traffic between Alaska and Puget Sound.<br /><br />● 1971 - Series of tornadoes cuts through Mississippi & Louisiana killing 117<br /><br />● 1971 - The Convention on Psychotropic Substances is signed at Vienna.<br /><br />● 1972 - Beginning of the trial of Fr. Philip Berrigan and six other nonviolent activists (The "Harrisburg Seven") in Harrisburg, PA for an alleged plot to kidnap Henry Kissinger. Proceedings later end in a mistrial. Trial against Kissinger still pending.<br /><br />● 1972 - Pres. Richard Nixon visits Communist China as American bombers carry out saturation bombing raids against the National Liberation Front in South Vietnam. The cordial welcome given Nixon by the Chinese Stalinists was a rebuke to North Vietnam and the NLF, China's supposed allies. By opening diplomatic relations with Beijing, the U.S. hoped to isolate the NLF and pressure it into accepting a negotiated deal to end the war in Vietnam, while preserving imperialist interests in the region.<br /><br />● 1972 - The Soviet unmanned spaceship Luna 20 lands on the Moon.<br /><br />● 1973 - Over the Sinai Desert, Israeli fighter aircraft shoot down a Libyan Airlines jet killing 108.<br /><br />● 1974 - Silver hits record $5.965 an ounce in London<br /><br />● 1974 - The last Israeli soldiers leave the west bank of the Suez Canal in carrying out a truce with Egypt.<br /><br />● 1974 - Yugoslavia adopts constitution<br /><br />● 1975 - Former U.S. Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former White House aides H.R. Haldeman and John D. Ehrlichman were sentenced to 2 1/2 to 8 years in prison for their roles in the Watergate cover-up.<br /><br />● 1976 - Cardinal Willebrands installed as archbishop of Utrecht<br /><br />● 1977 - 74 Unification Church couples wed in New York NY<br /><br />● 1979 - Japan launches Hakucho x-ray satellite & Corsa-B (550/580 km)<br /><br />● 1981 - "Yorkshire Ripper" Peter Sutcliffe, murderer of 13 women, captured<br /><br />● 1981 - Charles Rocket, portraying the gunshot victim in a Saturday Night Live parody of the "Who Shot J.R." plot on the program Dallas, said, "I'd like to know who the fuck did it," during the live feed of the "goodnights" segment. Afterward, everyone except Eddie Murphy and Joe Piscopo was fired.<br /><br />● 1981 - Japan launches Hinotori satellite to study solar flares (580/640 k)<br /><br />● 1981 - NASA launches Comstar D-4<br /><br />● 1986 - AIDS patient Ryan White returns to classes at Western Middle School<br /><br />● 1987 - Syrian army marches into Beirut<br /><br />● 1988 - During a live TV broadcast, televangelist Jimmy Swaggart (age 52) admitted to visiting a prostitute, then announced he would be leaving his ministry for an unspecified length of time. (Defrocked in April by the Assemblies of God, he was ordered to stay off TV for a year, but returned after only three months)<br /><br />● 1989 - U.S. President Bush called Ayatollah Khomeini's death warrant against "Satanic Verses" author Salman Rushdie "deeply offensive to the norms of civilized behavior." {Yeah we do it without making public proclomations.}<br /><br />● 1989 - US bust Chinese heroin ring, capture record 820 lbs heroin ($1 billion street value)<br /><br />● 1991 - USSR announces Iraq agrees to a proposal to end Persian Gulf War US calls the plan unacceptable<br /><br />● 1994 - Government officials and Zapatistas begin peace talks in Chiapas, Mexico.<br /><br />● 1995 - Ibrahim Ali, a 17-year-old Comorian living in France, is murdered by three far right National Front activists.<br /><br />● 1995 - RAF-pilot Jo Salter is 1st woman to fly in a tornado<br /><br />● 1995 - Serkadji prison mutiny in Algeria; 4 guards and 96 prisoners killed in a day and a half.<br /><br />● 1995 - Steve Fossett lands in Leader, Saskatchewan, Canada becoming the first person to make a solo flight across the Pacific Ocean in a balloon.<br /><br />● 1996 - Soyuz TM-23, launched into orbit<br /><br />● 1997 - Bridgewater Three freed; Three men jailed 18 years ago for the murder of 13-year-old paper boy Carl Bridgewater are released after their convictions are ruled unsafe.<br /><br />● 1997 - STS 82 (Discovery 22) lands<br /><br />● 1999 - India's Prime Minister Atal Bihair Vajpayee concluded two days of meeting with Pakistan's Prime Minister Mohammad Nowaz Sharif.<br /><br />● 2000 - David Letterman returns to The Late Show over a month after having an emergency quintuple heart bypass surgery.<br /><br />● 2001 - Ban follows foot-and-mouth outbreak; The European Commission bans all British milk, meat and livestock exports following the UK's first outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease for two decades.<br /><br />● 2002 - The State Department declared that Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl was dead, a month after he'd been abducted by Islamic extremists in Pakistan.<br /><br />● 2003 - Over 100 concert goers in Rhode Island die in a fire during a performance of the rock band Great White.<br /><br />● 2004 - The first European political party organization, the European Greens, is established in Rome.<br /><br />● 2006 - New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg unveils a brand new sign on the corner of West 66th Street called Peter Jennings Way in honor of the late ABC News anchor Peter Jennings.<br /><br />● 2006 - President George W. Bush endorsed the takeover of shipping operations at six major U.S. seaports by a state-owned business in the United Arab Emirates, and pledged to veto any bill Congress might approve to block the agreement.<br /><br />● 2007 - Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi resigns from office. His resignation is rejected by the President of Italy, Giorgio Napolitano.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1484 - Elector Joachim I of Brandenburg (d. 1535)<br /><br />● 1556 - Sethus Calvisius, German calendar reformer (d. 1615)<br /><br />● 1621 - Rebecca Nurse, American accused witch (d. 1692)<br /><br />● 1675 - Franz Xaver Josef von Unertl, Bavarian politician (d. 1750)<br /><br />● 1688 - Queen Ulrike Eleonora of Sweden (d. 1741)<br /><br />● 1705 - Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke, British naval officer (d. 1781)<br /><br />● 1721 - John McKinly, American physician (d. 1796)<br /><br />● 1723 - Louis-Pierre Anquetil, French historian (d. 1808)<br /><br />● 1728 - Tsar Peter III of Russia, husband of Catherine the Great (d. 1762)<br /><br />● 1779 - Friedrich Karl von Savigny, German jurist and legal scholar (d. 1861)<br /><br />● 1783 - Princess Catharina of Württemberg, Queen consort of Westphalia (d. 1835)<br /><br />● 1791 - Carl Czerny, Austrian composer (d. 1857)<br /><br />● 1794 - Antonio Lopez Santa Anna, Mexican army officer, statesman and politician (d. 1876)<br /><br />● 1801 - John Henry Newman, English Catholic cardinal (d. 1890)<br /><br />● 1817 - Jose Zorrilla y Moral, Spanish dramatist (d. 1893)<br /><br />● 1821 - Charles Scribner, American publisher (d. 1871)<br /><br />● 1823 - Pierre Laffitte, French philosopher (d. 1903)<br /><br />● 1836 - Léo Delibes, French composer (d. 1891)<br /><br />● 1844 - Charles-Marie Widor, French composer (d. 1937)<br /><br />● 1860 - Goscombe John, Welsh sculptor<br /><br />● 1860 - Karel Matěj Čapek-Chod, Czech journalist (d. 1927)<br /><br />● 1865 - John Haden Badley, English school founder (d. 1967)<br /><br />● 1867 - Otto Hermann Kahn, German millionaire (d. 1934)<br /><br />● 1875 - Jeanne Calment, French supercentenarian and longest-lived human on record (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1876 - Constantin Brancusi, Romanian abstract sculptor (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1876 - Pyotr Konchalovsky, Russian painter (d. 1956)<br /><br />● 1878 - The Mother, Indian spiritual leader (d. 1973)<br /><br />● 1880 - Waldemar Bonsels, German writer (d. 1952)<br /><br />● 1885 - Sacha Guitry, Russian dramatist (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1888 - Clemence Dane, British novelist and playwright (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1892 - Harry Stack Sullivan, American psychiatrist and teacher (d. 1949)<br /><br />● 1893 - Andrés Segovia, Spanish guitarist (d. 1987)<br /><br />● 1893 - Celia Lovsky, Russian-born actress (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1895 - Carl Peter Henrik Dam Danish biochemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1900 - Madeleine Renaud, French theater actress (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1903 - Anaïs Nin, French writer (d. 1977)<br /><br />● 1903 - Fairfax M. Cone, American advertising executive (d. 1977)<br /><br />● 1903 - Raymond Queneau, French poet and novelist (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1903 - Tom Yawkey, American sportsman and owner of the Boston Red Sox (1933-76) (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1907 - W. H. Auden, English poet (d. 1973)<br /><br />● 1910 - Carmine Galante, Italian-born gangster (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1910 - Douglas Bader, British pilot (d. 1982)<br /><br />● 1910 - Eddie Waring, British sports commentator (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1913 - Roger Laurent, Belgian racing driver (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1915 - Ann Sheridan, American actress (d. 1967)<br /><br />● 1917 - Lucille Bremer, American actress (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1924 - Robert Mugabe first President of Zimbabwe<br /><br />● 1925 - Sam Peckinpah, American director (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1927 - Erma Bombeck, American humorist (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1927 - Hubert de Givenchy, French fashion designer<br /><br />● 1927 - Pierre Mercure, French-Canadian musician and composer (d. 1966)<br /><br />● 1929 - James Beck, English actor (d. 1973)<br /><br />● 1929 - Roberto "Chespirito" Carlos Bolanõs, Mexican actor<br /><br />● 1933 - Bob Rafelson, Director<br /><br />● 1933 - Nina Simone, American singer (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1934 - Rue McClanahan, American actress (''The Golden Girls'')<br /><br />● 1935 - Jean Pelletier, French Canadian political operative<br /><br />● 1935 - Mark McManus, Scottish actor (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1936 - Barbara Jordan, American politician (d. 1996)<br /><br />● 1937 - Gary Lockwood, American actor<br /><br />● 1937 - King Harald V of Norway<br /><br />● 1940 - John Lewis, American politician<br /><br />● 1940 - Peter Gethin, British racing driver<br /><br />● 1940 - Peter McEnery, Actor<br /><br />● 1941 - James Wong, Hong Kong composer (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1942 - Margarethe von Trotta, German actress and film director<br /><br />● 1943 - David Geffen, American record producer<br /><br />● 1945 - D'Anna Fortunato, American mezzo-soprano<br /><br />● 1945 - Paul Newton, British musician (Uriah Heep)<br /><br />● 1946 - Alan Rickman, English actor<br /><br />● 1946 - Anthony Daniels, British actor (C-3PO in the"Star Wars" films)<br /><br />● 1946 - Bob Ryan, Boston sports columnist<br /><br />● 1946 - Tricia Nixon Cox, Daughter of President Nixon<br /><br />● 1946 - Tyne Daly, American actress (''Judging Amy,'' ''Cagney and Lacey'')<br /><br />● 1946 - Vito Rizzuto, Sicilian-born alleged mafia boss<br /><br />● 1947 - Johnny Echols, American musician (Love)<br /><br />● 1947 - Olympia Snowe, American politician<br /><br />● 1947 - Victor Sokolov, Russian journalist (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1949 - Jerry Harrison, American musician (Talking Heads)<br /><br />● 1949 - Ronnie Hellström, Swedish footballer<br /><br />● 1951 - Vince Welnick, American musician (The Grateful Dead) (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1952 - Jean Jacques Burnel, British musician (The Stranglers)<br /><br />● 1953 - Christine Ebersole, American actress<br /><br />● 1953 - William Petersen, American actor (''C.S.I.'')<br /><br />● 1954 - Ivo Van Damme, Belgian athlete (d. 1976)<br /><br />● 1954 - Mike Pickering, English disc jockey and musician (Quando Quango, M People)<br /><br />● 1955 - Kelsey Grammer, American actor (''Fraiser'')<br /><br />● 1955 - Sir Steven Fayburgh, British diplomat<br /><br />● 1958 - Alan Trammell, baseball player and manager<br /><br />● 1958 - Jack Coleman, American actor<br /><br />● 1958 - Jake Burns, Irish singer (Stiff Little Fingers)<br /><br />● 1958 - Mary Chapin Carpenter, American singer<br /><br />● 1959 - Emmett McAuliffe, American radio show host and lawyer<br /><br />● 1959 - José María Cano, Spanish musician (Mecano)<br /><br />● 1960 - Steve Wynn, American singer (The Dream Syndicate)<br /><br />● 1961 - Bertha Faye, American wrestler (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1961 - Christopher Atkins, American actor<br /><br />● 1961 - Chuck Palahniuk, American writer<br /><br />● 1961 - Davey Allison, American race car driver (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1961 - Martha Hackett, American actress<br /><br />● 1961 - Ranking Roger, Rock singer (General Public, English Beat)<br /><br />● 1962 - Chuck Palahniuk, American writer<br /><br />● 1962 - David Foster Wallace, American writer<br /><br />● 1962 - Jim Starr, American gladiator<br /><br />● 1962 - Vanessa Feltz, British television presenter<br /><br />● 1963 - William Baldwin, American actor<br /><br />● 1964 - Jane Tomlinson, British cancer campaigner (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1964 - Mark E. Kelly and Scott J. Kelly, American astronauts<br /><br />● 1967 - Leroy Burrell, American runner<br /><br />● 1967 - Michael Ward, Rock musician (Wallflowers)<br /><br />● 1969 - Corey Harris, Blues guitarist<br /><br />● 1969 - Eric Wilson, American musician (Sublime)<br /><br />● 1969 - James Dean Bradfield, Welsh musician (Manic Street Preachers)<br /><br />● 1969 - Tony Meola, American footballer<br /><br />● 1970 - Eric Heatherly, Country singer<br /><br />● 1970 - Eric Wilson, Rock musician (Sublime)<br /><br />● 1970 - Michael Slater, Australian cricketer<br /><br />● 1972 - Seo Taiji, Korean musician<br /><br />● 1973 - Bowie Tsang, Taiwanese singer and TV host<br /><br />● 1973 - Heri Joensen, Faroese musician (Týr)<br /><br />● 1973 - Tad Kinchla, Rock musician (Blues Traveler)<br /><br />● 1974 - Iván Campo, Spanish footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Roberto Heras, Spanish cyclist<br /><br />● 1975 - Affirmed, American race horse (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1975 - Chris (CP) Powell, American columnist<br /><br />● 1976 - Ryan Smyth, Canadian hockey player<br /><br />● 1977 - Chad Hutchinson, baseball and football player<br /><br />● 1977 - Kevin Rose, American television host and Internet entrepreneur<br /><br />● 1977 - Steve Francis, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1978 - Kim Ha Neul, South Korean actress<br /><br />● 1978 - Nicole Parker, American actress<br /><br />● 1978 - Park Eun-hye, South Korean actress<br /><br />● 1979 - Carly "Carlito" Colón, Puerto Rican professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1979 - Jennifer Love Hewitt, American actress ("Ghost Whisperer")<br /><br />● 1979 - Lonnie Ford, American football player<br /><br />● 1979 - Pascal Chimbonda, French footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Brad Fast, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1980 - Tiziano Ferro, Italian singer<br /><br />● 1982 - Bernhard Auinger, Austrian racing driver<br /><br />● 1983 - Braylon Edwards, American football player<br /><br />● 1983 - Franklin Gutiérrez, Venezuelan baseball player<br /><br />● 1984 - Andrew Ellis, New Zealand rugby union player<br /><br />● 1984 - David Odonkor, German footballer<br /><br />● 1985 - Bob Burton, American speedcuber<br /><br />● 1985 - Georgios Samaras, Greek footballer<br /><br />● 1986 - Charlotte Church, Welsh singer<br /><br />● 1986 - Prince Amedeo of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este<br /><br />● 1987 - Anthony Walker, British murder victim (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1987 - Ellen Page, Canadian actress<br /><br />● 1988 - Daniel Rose, English footballer<br /><br />● 1989 - Corbin Bleu, American actor and singer<br /><br />● 1989 - Josh Walker, English footballer<br /><br />● 1989 - Kristin Herrera, American actress</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1437 - King James I of Scotland (b. 1394)<br /><br />● 1471 - John of Rokycan, Czech Catholic archbishop<br /><br />● 1513 - Pope Julius II (b. 1443)<br /><br />● 1543 - Ahmed Gragn, Sultan of Adal<br /><br />● 1554 - Hieronymus Bock, German botanist (b. 1498)<br /><br />● 1595 - Robert Southwell, English Jesuit priest and poet (executed)<br /><br />● 1668 - John Thurloe, English Puritan spy (b. 1616)<br /><br />● 1677 - Baruch Spinoza, Dutch philosopher (b. 1632)<br /><br />● 1715 - Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore, Governor of the Province of Maryland (b. 1637)<br /><br />● 1730 - Pope Benedict XIII (b. 1649)<br /><br />● 1788 - Johann Georg Palitzsch, German astronomer (b. 1723)<br /><br />● 1821 - Georg Friedrich von Martens, German diplomat (b. 1756)<br /><br />● 1824 - Eugène de Beauharnais, son of Napoleon's wife, Josephine (b. 1781)<br /><br />● 1846 - Emperor Ninko of Japan (b. 1800)<br /><br />● 1862 - Justinus Kerner, German poet (b. 1786)<br /><br />● 1901 - George Francis FitzGerald, Irish mathematician (b. 1851)<br /><br />● 1920 - Jacinta Marto, witness of the Blessed Virgin Mary at Fatima (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 1926 - Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)<br /><br />● 1938 - George Ellery Hale, American astronomer (b. 1868)<br /><br />● 1941 - Frederick Banting, Canadian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1891)<br /><br />● 1944 - Ferenc Szisz, Hungarian-born race car driver (b. 1873)<br /><br />● 1945 - Eric Liddell, Scottish runner (b. 1902)<br /><br />● 1946 - José Streel, Belgian World War II collaborator (b. 1911)<br /><br />● 1949 - Tan Malaka, Indonesian nationalist activist and communist leader (b. 1894)<br /><br />● 1958 - Duncan Edwards, English footballer (b. 1936)<br /><br />● 1960 - Jacques Becker, French film director and screenwriter (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1965 - Malcolm X, American black activist (assassinated) (b. 1925)<br /><br />● 1966 - Paul Comtois, French Canadian politician (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1967 - Charles Beaumont, American writer (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 1968 - Howard Walter Florey, Australian-born pharmocologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1898)<br /><br />● 1972 - Bronislava Nijinska, Polish-Russian ballet dancer (b. 1891)<br /><br />● 1972 - Eugène Tisserant, French Catholic candinal (b. 1884)<br /><br />● 1974 - Tim Horton, Canadian hockey player (b. 1930)<br /><br />● 1978 - Mieczysław Żywczyński, Polish historian and priest (b. 1901)<br /><br />● 1980 - Alfred Andersch, German writer<br /><br />● 1982 - Murray the K, American impresario and disc jockey (b. 1922)<br /><br />● 1984 - Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1985 - Louis Hayward, British actor (b. 1909)<br /><br />● 1986 - Helen Hooven Santmyer, American writer (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1986 - Shigechiyo Izumi, Japanese sugarcane farmer, also the world's oldest man ever (b. 1865)<br /><br />● 1989 - Alex Thépot, French footballer (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1991 - Dame Margot Fonteyn, English ballet dancer (b. 1919)<br /><br />● 1994 - Johannes Steinhoff, German fighter pilot & NATO commander (b.1913)<br /><br />● 1994 - Luis Donaldo Colosio, Mexican politician (b. 1948)<br /><br />● 1996 - Morton Gould, American composer (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 1999 - Gertrude B. Elion, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 1999 - Wilmer David Mizell, baseball player (b. 1930)<br /><br />● 2000 - Antonio Díaz-Miguel, Spanish basketball coach (b. 1933)<br /><br />● 2002 - Harold Furth, Austrian-born physicist (b. 1939)<br /><br />● 2002 - John Thaw, English actor (b. 1942)<br /><br />● 2003 - Eddie Thomson, Scottish football player and coach (b. 1947)<br /><br />● 2004 - Guido Molinari, Canadian artist (b. 1933)<br /><br />● 2004 - John Charles, Welsh footballer (b. 1931)<br /><br />● 2005 - Ara Berberian, American opera singer (b. 1930)<br /><br />● 2005 - Eugene Scott, American religious broadcaster (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 2005 - Gérard Bessette, Quebec novelist and poet (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 2005 - Guillermo Cabrera Infante, Cuban novelist (b. 1929)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Avitus II of Clermont<br />● St. Felix of Metz<br />● St. Gundebert<br />● St. Paterius<br />● St. Pepin of Landen<br />● St. Peter Damiani, bishop of Ostia, confessor/doctor<br />● St. Peter the Scribe<br />● St. Randoald<br />● St. Robert Southwell, English Jesuit, martyr<br />● St. Severian<br />● St. Valerius and Companions<br />● Bl. Pepin of Landen<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 8 (Civil Date: February 21)<br />● Great-Martyr Theodore Stratelites ("the General") and Prophet Zachariah.<br />● (services combined) St. Sabbas II, Archbishop of Serbia.<br />● Martyrs Nicephorus and Stephen.<br />● Martyrs Philadelphus and Polycarp.<br />● St. Macarius, Bishop of Paphus.<br />● St. Pergetus.<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● Bl. Noel<br /><br />● Language Martyrs' Day - A day celebrated by Bengali speaking people for gaining right of mother tongue.<br /><br />● International Mother Language Day (UNESCO).<br /><br />● Bangladesh - Bangladesh Martyrs Day/National Mourning Day (1952)<br /><br />● There Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"<br />● World : Brotherhood Day (1934) - ( Sunday )<br />● US : Presidents' Day (formerly Washington's Birthday)-legal holiday - ( Monday )</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-21.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_21"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#21"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-21.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-88061882869746217372008-02-20T00:01:00.001-07:002008-02-20T01:31:40.486-07:00February 20......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 20</strong> is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 314 (315 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1978,1984,1989,1995,. . . .—MON—2006<br />1979,. . . .,1990,1996,2001—TUE—2007<br />1980,1985,1991,. . . .,2002—WED—<strong>2008</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—THU—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—FRI—2009<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—SAT—2010<br />1983,. . . .,1994,2000,2005—SUN—2011<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 20 is the 17th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 115 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 22nd/23rd of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />334, 345, 356, 418, 429, 440, 513, 524, 603, 608, 687, 698, 771, 782, 793, 855, 866, 877, 888, 950, 961, 972, 1045, 1056, 1135, 1140, 1219, 1230, 1303, 1314, 1325, 1387, 1398, 1409, 1420, 1482, 1493, 1504, 1577, 1602, 1608, 1613, 1692, 1697, 1760, 1765, 1822, 1828, 1833, 1901, 1980, 1985<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2064, 2075, 2132, 2137, 2205, 2284, 2289, 2295, 2352, 2357, 2436, 2441, 2447, 2504, 2509, 2588, 2599, 2656, 2661, 2667, 2718, 2724, 2729, 2808, 2813, 2819, 2892, 2960, 2971, 2982, 3028, 3033, 3039, 3101, 3180, 3191, 3264, 3275, 3286, 3332, 3343, 3405, 3411, 3484, 3495, 3552, 3563, 3636, 3647, 3658, 3704, 3715, 3788, 3799, 3856, 3867, 3878, 3924, 3935, 4008, 4019, 4030, 4092<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Diversity & Pluralism </strong>"Stupidity is an attempt to iron out all differences, and nor use or value them creatively."<strong> — Bill Mollison</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On War Is Hell </strong>". . .<br />The events unfolding in Iraq and the rest of the Middle East following the fall of the Hussein regime are giving rise to unprecedented opportunities for government and private enterprise to partner in the massive undertaking of rebuilding Iraq. The U.S. Government in Washington, D.C., as well as the postwar government in Iraq will need to rely on the economic strength and willingness of large, international companies in neighboring countries to participate in the new Iraqi economy. . . . "<strong> — From the website of New Bridge Strategies, a firm headed by Joe M. Allbaugh, who was George W. Bush's campaign manager in 2000. The firm was founded in May 2003. newbridgestrategies.com.—Part 8 of 9</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"They say he's [Yogi Berra{Hall of Shame member #6}] funny. Well, he has a lovely wife and family, a beautiful home, money in the bank, and he plays golf with millionaires. What's funny about that?"<strong> — Charles "Casey" Stengel, New York Yankees Hall of Fame Manager, was another master of obfuscation, Stengel is Hall of Shame member #7.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nOcWhLiGI/AAAAAAAAFlA/fzCRRyLwZwE/s1600-h/50-52-2Q-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nOcWhLiHI/AAAAAAAAFlI/9bCKsfgjRrE/s400/50-52-2Q-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150374635351279730" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Full Moon: Feb 20, 2008 7:31 PM Percent of Full: 100% Age: 50% Rise: 5:45 PM Set: 6:40 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Full Moon: Feb 20, 2008 8:31 PM Percent of Full: 100% Age: 50% Rise: 6:08 PM Set: 6:53 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Full Moon: Feb 20, 2008 9:31 PM Percent of Full: 100% Age: 50% Rise: 5:31 PM Set: 6:41 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Full Moon: Feb 20, 2008 10:31 PM Percent of Full: 100% Age: 50% Rise: 5:04 PM Set: 6:19 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Moon Slide Slim<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080220.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R7vhC8ICuhI/AAAAAAAAF4E/KD5W0sQDG1k/s400/2008-02-20.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5168972437953624594" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit & Copyright: Stefan Seip (TWAN)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1472 - Orkney and Shetland are left by Norway to Scotland, due to a dowry payment.<br /><br />● 1525 - Swiss & German mercenaries desert François I's army<br /><br />● 1547 - Edward VI of England crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey following death of Henry VIII.<br /><br />● 1613 - Gerard Reynst appointed Dutch Governor-General of East-Indies<br /><br />● 1653 - Defeat of Dutch fleet under Admiral Van Tromp by Admiral Blake off Portsmouth<br /><br />● 1673 - The first recorded wine auction took place in London.<br /><br />● 1710 - Johan Willem Friso becomes viceroy of Groningen Netherlands<br /><br />● 1725 - Ten sleeping Indians scalped by Capt. Lovewell and troops at Wakefield (in what will be New Hampshire) for £100 per scalp bounty. First recorded instance of white men scalping.<br /><br />● 1732 - Estates of Holland ratifies Treaty of Vienna<br /><br />● 1737 - French minister of Finance, Chauvelin, resigns<br /><br />● 1743 - Colonial missionary to the American Indians David Brainerd wrote in his journal: 'Selfish religion loves Christ for his benefits, but not for himself.'<br /><br />● 1745 - Bonnie Prince Charlie's troops occupy Fort August, Scotland<br /><br />● 1746 - Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Castle of Inverness<br /><br />● 1768 - 1st American chartered fire insurance company receives charter (Pennsylvania)<br /><br />● 1790 –Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II died.<br /><br />● 1792 - The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by President George Washington. Postage is 6¢-12½¢, depending on distance.<br /><br />● 1798 - Louis Alexandre Berthier removes Pope Pius VI from power.<br /><br />● 1805 - Birth of American anti-slavery activist Angelina Grimke, Charleston, S.C.<br /><br />● 1809 - Supreme Court rules federal government power greater than any state<br /><br />● 1810 - Andreas Hofer, Tyrolean patriot and leader of rebellion against Napoleon's forces, was executed.<br /><br />● 1811 - Austria declares bankruptcy<br /><br />● 1815 - The USS Constitution, under Captain Charles Stewart fought the British ships Cyane and Levant. The Constitution captures both, but lost the Levant after encountering a British squadron. The Constitution and the Cyane returned to New York safely on May 15, 1815. The Cyane was purchased and became the USS Cyane.<br /><br />● 1816 - Gioachino Rossini's The Barber of Seville debuts at Teatro Argentina, with a fiasco.<br /><br />● 1823 - English Captain James Weddell reaches 74º 15' S, 1520 km from South Pole<br /><br />● 1831 - Polish revolutionaries defeat Russians in battle of Growchow<br /><br />● 1832 - Charles Darwin visits Fernando Noronha in Atlantic Ocean<br /><br />● 1834 - Oneida Community founded in upstate New York, as a communistic community in which work and life are to be shared. Friendly cooperation with the surrounding Indian tribes is actively sought and achieved.<br /><br />● 1835 - Concepción, Chile is destroyed by an earthquake<br /><br />● 1839 - Congress prohibits dueling in District of Columbia.<br /><br />● 1846 - British occupy Sikh citadel of Lahore<br /><br />● 1856 - John Rutledge, Liverpool-New York steamer, hits iceberg; many die<br /><br />● 1861 - Dept of Navy of Confederacy forms<br /><br />● 1861 - Steeple of Chichester Cathedral blown down during a storm<br /><br />● 1864 - Civil War Battle of Olustee, Florida<br /><br />● 1865 - M I T establishes 1st US collegiate architectural school<br /><br />● 1869 - Tennessee Governor W.C. Brownlow declares martial law in Ku Klux Klan crisis.<br /><br />● 1872 - Hydraulic electric elevator patented by Cyrus Baldwin<br /><br />● 1872 - Luther Crowell patents a machine that manufactures paper bags<br /><br />● 1872 - Silas Noble & JP Cooley patents toothpick manufacturing machine<br /><br />● 1873 - The University of California opens its first medical school in San Francisco, California.<br /><br />● 1877 - 1st cantilever bridge in US completed, Harrodsburg KY<br /><br />● 1878 - Following the death of Pius IX, Italian cardinal Gioacchino Pecci, 67, was elected Pope Leo XIII. His papacy, possibly the century's most productive, was best known for his teaching encyclicals and for establishing in 1902 the Pontifical Biblical Commission.<br /><br />● 1880 - The American Bell Company was incorporated.<br /><br />● 1887 - Germany, Austria-Hungary & France end Triple Alliance<br /><br />● 1890 - Amsterdam Theater destroyed by fire<br /><br />● 1890 - In Genoa, a group of Italian anarchists embarks on a boat to Brazil, to found the experimental Cecilia Colony.<br /><br />● 1895 - Congress authorizes a US mint at Denver CO<br /><br />● 1895 - Frederick Douglass, black abolitionist, dies at 78.<br /><br />● 1898 - Birth of Anton Ciliga, philosopher, activist, anarchist. Active in the Russian Revolution.<br /><br />● 1899 - Illinois Tel & Tel granted franchise for Chicago freight tunnel system<br /><br />● 1901 - The legislature of Hawaii Territory convenes for the first time.<br /><br />● 1902 - Heavy surf breaks over Seal Rocks & damages Sutro Baths, San Francisco<br /><br />● 1902 - Ansel Adams, the photographer noted for his landscapes of the American West, was born in San Francisco, California.<br /><br />● 1909 - Publication of the Futurist Manifesto in the French journal Le Figaro<br /><br />● 1913 - King O'Malley drives in the first survey peg to mark commencement of work on the construction of Canberra.<br /><br />● 1915 - Panamá-Pacific International Exposition opens in San Francisco<br /><br />● 1917 - Ammunitions ship explodes in Archangelsk harbor, about 1,500 die<br /><br />● 1919 - French premier Clemenceau injured during assassination attempt<br /><br />● 1921 - Riza Khan Pahlevi seizes control of Iran<br /><br />● 1921 - The film The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, starring Rudolph Valentino, premieres.<br /><br />● 1922 - Vilnius, Lithuania, agrees to separate from Poland<br /><br />● 1926 - Jules Gustave Durand (1880-1926) dies. Anarchist, revolutionary trade unionist, secretary of the trade union of the coalmen of Le Havre. Initiator of the general strike of August 1910, Durand fell victim to a politico-legal machination following the death of a "jaune" in a brawl, for which he was wrongly blamed. The corruption of several witnesses and a ignominious press campaign led to a death sentence in November 1910. A protest strike was called in Le Havre, which spread internationally to English and American docks. A further protest, initiated by the League of the Human Rights, finally lead to his release three months later. Unfortunately, Durand, forcibly subdued in a strait jacket for 40 days, had become insane and spent the rest of his life in an asylum. A reopening of his case cleared his name, and Durand was declared innocent in June 1918.<br /><br />● 1929 - American Samoa organized as a territory of US<br /><br />● 1929 - Birth of Sidney Poitier, groundbreaking African-American actor/director.<br /><br />● 1931 - California gets the go-ahead by the U.S. Congress to build the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge.<br /><br />● 1932 - Japanese troops occupy Tunhua China<br /><br />● 1933 - Curom, Curaçaose Broadcast System starts Princess Juliana's speech<br /><br />● 1933 - The House of Representatives passes the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution, which would end Prohibition in the United States.<br /><br />● 1934 - Utopian Society in Los Angeles starts chain-letter campaign informing U.S. citizens that "Profit is the root of all evil."<br /><br />● 1935 - Karoline Mikkelson is 1st woman on Antarctica<br /><br />● 1937 - 1st automobile/airplane combination tested, Santa Monica CA<br /><br />● 1938 - UK Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden resigns, says PM Chamberlain appeased Germany<br /><br />● 1941 - 1st transport of Jews to concentration camps leave Plotsk Poland<br /><br />● 1941 - Birth of radical Native American folk singer ("Now That the Buffalo Are Gone") Buffy Sainte-Marie, folksinger, Maine.<br /><br />● 1941 - Nazis order Polish Jews barred from using public transportation<br /><br />● 1941 - Romania breaks relations with Netherlands<br /><br />● 1942 - Lieutenant Edward O'Hare single-handedly shoots down 5 Japanese heavy bombers and becomes America's first World War II flying ace.<br /><br />● 1942 - Norweigan teachers begin successful nonviolent strike against Nazification of schools.<br /><br />● 1943 - Allied troops occupy Kasserine pass in Tunisia<br /><br />● 1943 - American movie studio executives agree to allow the Office of War Information to censor movies.<br /><br />● 1943 - New volcano Paracutin erupts in farmer's corn patch, Mexico.<br /><br />● 1944 - World War II: "Big Week" ended with American bomber raids on Nazi aircraft manufacturing centers.<br /><br />● 1944 - World War II: The United States takes Eniwetok Island.<br /><br />● 1947 - Fifteen killed and 100 injured as an explosion levels a Los Angeles, California, electroplating plant where a chemical mixing error occurred. Damages several nearby buildings.<br /><br />● 1947 - Lord Mountbatten appointed as last viceroy of India<br /><br />● 1947 - State of Prussia ceases to exist<br /><br />● 1948 - Czechoslovakia's non-communist minister resigns<br /><br />● 1950 - American missionary and martyr Jim Elliot wrote in his journal: 'One may know God's work for his soul without understanding it all... Let the heart be warm, at all costs to the head, in the getting of Christianity.'<br /><br />● 1950 - Dylan Thomas arrives in New York NY for his 1st US poetry reading tour<br /><br />● 1950 - When a U.S. Air Force B-36 bomber carrying an H-bomb develops engine trouble over the Pacific off Vancouver Island, crew members detontate the bomb (with its plutonium core removed), scattering 45 kg of highly enriched uranium into the atmosphere. Five crew members are killed.<br /><br />● 1952 - Emmett L. Ashford becomes the first African-American umpire in organized baseball by being authorized to be a substitute umpire in the Southwestern International League.<br /><br />● 1954 - Birth of Patty "Tanya" Hearst. Doctors at the time failed in their attempt to surgically remove the enormous silver spoon inserted in mouth; it was up to Cinque to do the job.<br /><br />● 1954 - General Zahedi wins election in Persia<br /><br />● 1956 - U.S. rejects Soviet proposal to ban nuclear weapons tests and deployment.<br /><br />● 1958 - Historic Sheerness docks to close; The government announces one the oldest naval dockyards in the UK will be shut down.<br /><br />● 1959 - The Avro Arrow program to design and manufacture supersonic jet fighters in Canada is cancelled by the Diefenbaker government amid much political debate.<br /><br />● 1960 - Death of Sir Charles Leonard Woolley, 80, a British archaeologist who spent more than 40 years in the field. Woolley is remembered for having excavated Ur of the Chaldees, and for discovering the ancient Sumerian civilization.<br /><br />● 1962 - Mercury program: While aboard Friendship 7, John Glenn orbits the earth three times in 4 hours, 55 minutes, becoming the first American to orbit the earth.<br /><br />● 1962 - Wethersfield 6 convicted, sentenced to 12 or 18 months in prison. Old Bailey, London, England.<br /><br />● 1963 - SNCC voter registration headquarters and four Negro businesses burned in Greenwood, Mississippi.<br /><br />● 1965 - Ranger 8 crashes into the moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.<br /><br />● 1965 - Turkish government of Uergüplü forms<br /><br />● 1966 - Author Valery Tarsis banished in USSR<br /><br />● 1968 - State troopers used tear gas to stop demonstration at Alcorn A & M<br /><br />● 1969 - The date that Michel Collin had predicted as the coming of a world wide catastrophe.<br /><br />● 1971 - Major General Idi Amin Dada appoints himself President of Uganda<br /><br />● 1971 - National Emergency Center erroneously orders U.S. radio and TV stations to go off the air. The mistake wasn't resolved for 30 minutes<br /><br />● 1972 - Sicco Mansholt becomes chairman of European Committee<br /><br />● 1975 - Margaret Thatcher elected leader of British Conservative Party<br /><br />● 1975 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR<br /><br />● 1976 - Death of Kathryn Kuhlman, 69, popular American radio and TV evangelist. A member of the American Baptist Convention, Kuhlman's preaching emphasized the healing power of the Holy Spirit.<br /><br />● 1976 - The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization disbands. {It was rendered useless with the fall of South Vietnam.}<br /><br />● 1978 - Egypt announces it is pulling its diplomats out of Cyprus<br /><br />● 1981 - Flight readiness firing of Columbia's main engines; 20 seconds<br /><br />● 1983 - Hundreds die in Assam poll violence; Hundreds of people are reported to have died in Assam as fierce fighting rages in the run-up to Indian elections.<br /><br />● 1983 - Japan launches Tenma satellite to study x-rays (450/570 km)<br /><br />● 1984 - Faroes Islands' Parliament declares country a nuclear-free zone.<br /><br />● 1984 - Supreme Court upholds ruling that 12 acres taken by Port of Tacoma, worth $112 million, belong to the Puyallup Indians.<br /><br />● 1985 - Salvadoran prisoners go on a hunger strike to protest prison conditions.<br /><br />● 1986 - Soviets launch space station Mir; The Soviets open a new phase in space exploration with the launch of the world's biggest space station, Mir.<br /><br />● 1987 - Unabomber: In Salt Lake City, in the USA, a bomb explodes in a computer store.<br /><br />● 1988 - 500 die in heavy rains in Rio de Janeiro Brazil<br /><br />● 1989 - IRA bombs Tern Hill barracks; Police are hunting two IRA bombers who attacked an army barracks at Tern Hill in Shropshire.<br /><br />● 1989 - Total eclipse of the Moon.<br /><br />● 1991 - A gigantic statue of Albania's long-time dictator, Enver Hoxha, is brought down in the Albanian capital, Tirana, by mobs of angry protesters.<br /><br />● 1992 - Orthodox patriarch Shenouda III visits Netherlands<br /><br />● 1992 - Ross Perot announces his intention to run in the 1992 U.S. presidential election on CNN's Larry King Live.<br /><br />● 1992 - The FA Premier League is formed and takes over as the professional league in England from season 1992–93.<br /><br />● 1993 - Two ten-year-old boys were charged by police in Liverpool, England, in the abduction and death of a toddler. The two boys were later convicted.<br /><br />● 1994 - 3 Afghans take 70 Pakistani children hostage<br /><br />● 1994 - Pope John Paul II demands juristic discrimination of homosexuals<br /><br />● 1998 - American figure skater Tara Lipinski becomes the youngest gold-medalist at the Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.<br /><br />● 1998 - The Nashville Banner daily newspaper in Nashville, Tennessee, USA publishes its last edition.<br /><br />● 1998 - UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan lands in Baghdad, for peace negotiations<br /><br />● 1999 –Film critic Gene Siskel died at age 53.<br /><br />● 2001 - FBI agent Robert Hanssen is arrested and charged with spying for Russia for 15 years.<br /><br />● 2002 - In Reqa Al-Gharbiya, Egypt, a fire on a train injures over 65 and kills at least 370.<br /><br />● 2003 - In West Warwick, RI, 99 people were killed when fire destroyed the nightclub The Station. The fire started with sparks from a pyrotechnic display being used by Great White. Ty Longley, guitarist for Great White, was one of the victims in the fire.<br /><br />● 2005 – Journalist and author Hunter S. Thompson shot himself to death at age 67.<br /><br />● 2005 - Spain becomes the first country to vote in a referendum on ratification of the proposed Constitution of the European Union, passing it by a substantial margin, but on a low turnout.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1563 - John Dowland, English composer, singer, and lutenist (d. 1626)<br /><br />● 1631 - Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English statesman (d. 1712)<br /><br />● 1745 - Henry James Pye, English poet (d. 1813)<br /><br />● 1751 - Johann Heinrich Voß, German poet (d. 1826)<br /><br />● 1753 - Louis Alexandre Berthier, French marshal (d. 1815)<br /><br />● 1757 - John 'Mad Jack' Fuller, English philanthropist (d. 1834)<br /><br />● 1794 - William Carleton, Irish novelist (d. 1869)<br /><br />● 1802 - Charles de Bériot, Belgian violinist (d. 1870)<br /><br />● 1808 – Honore Daumier, French caricaturist, painter and sculptor (d. 1879)<br /><br />● 1819 - Alfred Escher, Swiss politician, railroad entrepreneur (d. 1882)<br /><br />● 1839 - Benjamin Waugh, American minister; founder of the NSPCC (d. 1908)<br /><br />● 1844 - Joshua Slocum, Canadian seaman and adventurer (d. 1909)<br /><br />● 1844 - Ludwig Boltzmann, Austrian physicist (d. 1906)<br /><br />● 1848 - Edward Henry Harriman, American railroad executive (d. 1909)<br /><br />● 1850 - Nérée Beauchemin, Canadian physician and poet (d. 1931)<br /><br />● 1866 - Carl Westman, Swedish architect and designer (d. 1936)<br /><br />● 1867 - Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife (d. 1931)<br /><br />● 1874 – Mary Garden, Scottish-bn. American opera singer (d. 1967)<br /><br />● 1880 - Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, French aristocrat and novelist (d. 1923)<br /><br />● 1887 - Vincent Massey, Governor-General of Canada (d. 1967)<br /><br />● 1888 - Georges Bernanos, French writer (d. 1948)<br /><br />● 1893 - Russel Crouse, American playwright (d. 1966)<br /><br />● 1898 - Enzo Ferrari, Italian automobile manufacturer, designer and racing car driver (d. 1988)<br /><br />● 1898 - Jimmy Yancey, American pianist (d. 1951)<br /><br />● 1899 - Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney, American businessman (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1901 - Cecil Harmsworth King, English newspaper owner (d. 1987)<br /><br />● 1901 – Louis Kahn, American architect (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1901 - Muhammad Naguib, President of Egypt (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1901 – Rene Dubos, French-born American microbiologist, environmentalist and author (d. 1982)<br /><br />● 1902 - Ansel Adams, American photographer (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1904 - Alexei Kosygin, Premier of the Soviet Union (1964-80) (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1906 - Gale Gordon, American television and radio actor (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1910 – Konstantin Sergeyev, Russian ballet dancer, director, and choreographer (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1912 - Pierre Boulle, French author (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1914 - John Daly, South African-born broadcaster (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1920 - Evgeny Dragunov, Russian weapons designer (d. 1991)<br /><br />● 1923 - Forbes Burnham, President of Guyana (d. 1985)<br /><br />● 1924 - Gloria Vanderbilt, American socialite and clothing designer<br /><br />● 1925 - Heinz Kluncker, German trade union leader<br /><br />● 1925 - Robert Altman, American film director (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1926 - Richard Matheson, American author<br /><br />● 1927 - Ibrahim Ferrer, Cuban musician (Buena Vista Social Club) (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1927 - Roy Cohn, American lawyer, and anti-Communist {and self-hating closeted gay} (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1927 - Sidney Poitier, American actor<br /><br />● 1929 - Amanda Blake, American actress (d. 1989)<br /><br />● 1930 - Willie Cunningham, Northern Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1934 - Bobby Unser, American racing driver<br /><br />● 1936 - Larry Hovis, American actor (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1936 - Marj Dusay, American actress<br /><br />● 1936 - Shigeo Nagashima, Japanese baseball player and coach<br /><br />● 1937 - Nancy Wilson, American singer<br /><br />● 1937 - Robert Huber, German chemist, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1937 - Roger Penske, American racing driver, race team owner and entrepreneur<br /><br />● 1938 - Richard Beymer, American actor<br /><br />● 1939 - Frank Arundel, English footballer<br /><br />● 1941 - Buffy Sainte-Marie, Canadian singer<br /><br />● 1942 - Charlie Gillett, British radio DJ<br /><br />● 1942 - Mitch McConnell, American politician<br /><br />● 1942 - Phil Esposito, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1943 - Antonio Inoki, Japanese professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1943 - Mike Leigh, British film director<br /><br />● 1944 - Martina Newberry, American poet, writer<br /><br />● 1944 - Robert de Cotret, French Canadian politician (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1944 - Willem van Hanegem, Dutch footballer and coach<br /><br />● 1945 - Annu Kapoor, Indian actor<br /><br />● 1945 - Brion James, American actor (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1946 - Brenda Blethyn, English actress<br /><br />● 1946 - J. Geils, American guitarist (The J. Geils Band)<br /><br />● 1946 - Richard Cocciante, French-Italian singer and songwriter<br /><br />● 1946 - Sandy Duncan, American singer and actress<br /><br />● 1947 - André van Duin, Dutch comedian<br /><br />● 1947 - Eggert Magnusson, Icelandic football executive<br /><br />● 1947 - Peter Osgood, English footballer (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1947 - Peter Strauss, American actor<br /><br />● 1948 - Jennifer O'Neill, Brazilian-born actress<br /><br />● 1948 - Pierre Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1949 - Ivana Trump, Czech-born American socialite<br /><br />● 1950 - Ken Shimura, Japanese performer and actor<br /><br />● 1950 - Tony Wilson, British journalist and impresario (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1950 - Walter Becker, American guitarist (Steely Dan)<br /><br />● 1951 - Edward Albert, American actor (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1951 - Gordon Brown, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom<br /><br />● 1951 – Kathie Baillie, Country singer<br /><br />● 1951 - Phil Neal, English footballer<br /><br />● 1951 - Randy California, American guitarist (Spirit) (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1953 - Poison Ivy, American musician (The Cramps)<br /><br />● 1953 - Riccardo Chailly, Italian conductor<br /><br />● 1954 - Anthony Stewart Head, English actor (''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'')<br /><br />● 1954 - Jon Brant, American musician (Cheap Trick)<br /><br />● 1954 - Patty Hearst, American socialite<br /><br />● 1956 - Rick Green, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1957 - Charlie Adler, American voice actor<br /><br />● 1957 - Glen Hanlon, Canadian ice hockey coach<br /><br />● 1957 – Leland Martin, Country singer<br /><br />● 1958 – James Wilby, Actor<br /><br />● 1959 - Bill Gullickson, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1959 – Sebastian Steinberg, Rock musician<br /><br />● 1960 - Joel Hodgson, American comedian (Mystery Science Theater 3000)<br /><br />● 1960 - Kee Marcello, Swedish guitarist<br /><br />● 1963 - Charles Barkley, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1963 - Ian Brown, English singer (The Stone Roses)<br /><br />● 1963 - Jon Lynn Christensen, former Nebraska Congressman<br /><br />● 1963 - Marilisa Xenogiannakopoulou, Greek politician<br /><br />● 1964 – French Stewart, Actor (''3rd Rock from the Sun'')<br /><br />● 1965 – Ron Eldard, Actor<br /><br />● 1966 - Cindy Crawford, American model<br /><br />● 1967 – Andrew Shue, Actor (''Melrose Place'')<br /><br />● 1967 - Kurt Cobain, American musician (Nirvana) (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1967 - Lili Taylor, American actress<br /><br />● 1968 - Ted Hankey, English darts player<br /><br />● 1969 - Gedo, Japanese professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1969 - Tommy Vardell, National Football League fullback<br /><br />● 1969 - Vaginal Davis, American drag queen and performance artist<br /><br />● 1971 - Jari Litmanen, Finnish footballer<br /><br />● 1971 - Shawn McKenzie, American programmer<br /><br />● 1972 - Brent Gretzky, Canadian hockey player; brother of Wayne Gretzky<br /><br />● 1972 - K-OS, Canadian musician/rapper<br /><br />● 1974 - Ophelie Winter, French actress<br /><br />● 1975 - Brian Littrell, American singer (Backstreet Boys)<br /><br />● 1975 - Gail Kim, wrestler<br /><br />● 1975 - Liván Hernández, Cuban baseball player<br /><br />● 1976 - Ed Graham, English drummer (The Darkness)<br /><br />● 1976 - Gail Kim, Canadian professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1977 - Bartosz Kizierowski, Polish swimmer<br /><br />● 1977 - Stephon Marbury, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1977 - T.J. Slaughter, American football player<br /><br />● 1978 - Jakki Degg, English glamour model/actress<br /><br />● 1978 - Jay Hernandez, American actor<br /><br />● 1978 - Julia Jentsch, German actress<br /><br />● 1978 - Lauren Ambrose, American actress (''Six Feet Under'')<br /><br />● 1980 - Artur Boruc, Polish footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Imanol Harinordoquy, French rugby union footballer<br /><br />● 1980 - Massimo Donati, Italian footballer<br /><br />● 1981 - Chris Thile, American mandolinist (Nickel Creek)<br /><br />● 1981 – Majandra Delfino, Actress<br /><br />● 1981 - Tony Hibbert, English footballer<br /><br />● 1982 - Jason Hirsh, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1983 - Justin Verlander, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1985 – Jake Richardson, Actor<br /><br />● 1985 - Ryan Sweeney, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1985 - Yulia Volkova, Russian singer (t.A.T.u.)<br /><br />● 1986 - Dilaver Güçlü, Turkish footballer<br /><br />● 1988(87? NYT) - Rihanna, Barbadian musician<br /><br />● 1989 - Melanie Leishman, Canadian actress</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 0702 - K'inich Kan B'alam II, king of the Maya state of Palenque (b. 635)<br /><br />● 1154 - Saint Wulfric of Haselbury Plucknett<br /><br />● 1171 - Conan IV, Duke of Brittany (b. 1138)<br /><br />● 1194 - King Tancred of Sicily<br /><br />● 1258 - Al-Musta'sim, last Abbasid Caliph of Baghdad<br /><br />● 1408 - Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, English statesman (b. 1342)<br /><br />● 1431 - Pope Martin V (b. 1368)<br /><br />● 1513 - King Christian II of Denmark (b. 1455)<br /><br />● 1524 - Tecún Umán, last leader of the Quiché-Maya<br /><br />● 1579 - Nicholas Bacon, English politician (b. 1509)<br /><br />● 1618 - Philip William, Prince of Orange (b. 1554)<br /><br />● 1626 - John Dowland, English composer and lutenist (b. 1563)<br /><br />● 1762 - Tobias Mayer, German astronomer (b. 1723)<br /><br />● 1771 - Jean Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan, French geophysicist (b. 1678)<br /><br />● 1773 - King Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia (b. 1701)<br /><br />● 1778 - Laura Bassi, Italian scholar (b. 1711)<br /><br />● 1790 - Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1741)<br /><br />● 1803 - Marie Dumesnil, French actress (b. 1713)<br /><br />● 1806 - Lachlan McIntosh, Scottish-born American military and political leader (b. 1725)<br /><br />● 1810 - Andreas Hofer, Tyrolean national hero (executed) (b. 1767)<br /><br />● 1871 - Paul Kane, Irish-born painter (b. 1810)<br /><br />● 1893 - P.G.T. Beauregard, American Confederate general (b. 1818)<br /><br />● 1895 - Frederick Douglass, American abolitionist writer (b. 1818)<br /><br />● 1905 - Jeremiah W. Farnham, American merchant captain<br /><br />● 1907 - Henri Moissan, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)<br /><br />● 1916 - Klas Pontus Arnoldson, Swedish writer and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1844)<br /><br />● 1920 - Robert Peary, American explorer (b. 1856)<br /><br />● 1961 - Percy Grainger, Australian composer (b. 1882)<br /><br />● 1963 - Ferenc Fricsay, Hungarian conductor (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1963 - Jacob Gade, Danish Composer(b. 1879)<br /><br />● 1966 - Chester Nimitz, American admiral (b. 1885)<br /><br />● 1968 - Anthony Asquith, British film director and writer (b. 1902)<br /><br />● 1969 - Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b. 1883)<br /><br />● 1970 - Sophie Treadwell, American playwright and journalist (b. 1885)<br /><br />● 1972 - Maria Goeppert-Mayer, German physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1972 - Walter Winchell, American journalist (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1975 - Robert Strauss, American politician and diplomat (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 1976 - Kathryn Kuhlman, American evangelist (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1976 - René Cassin, French judge, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1887)<br /><br />● 1980 - J.B. Rhine, American parapsychologist (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1981 - Baron Nicolas de Gunzburg, magazine editor, socialite (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1983 - Fritz Köberle, Austrian-Brazilian physician (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 1985 - Clarence "Ducky" Nash, American voice actor (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1992 - Dick York, American actor (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 1992 - Roberto D'Aubuisson, Salvadoran politician (b. 1944)<br /><br />● 1993 - Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian automobile manufacturer (b. 1916)<br /><br />● 1996 - Solomon Asch, American psychologist (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1996 - Tōru Takemitsu, Japanese composer (b. 1930)<br /><br />● 1997 - Zachary Breaux, American jazz guitarist (b. 1960)<br /><br />● 1999 - Gene Siskel, American film critic (b. 1946)<br /><br />● 1999 - Sarah Kane, English playwright (b. 1971)<br /><br />● 2000 - Anatoly Sobchak, Russian politician (b. 1937)<br /><br />● 2001 - Rosemary DeCamp, American actress (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 2003 - Harry Jacunski, American football player<br /><br />● 2003 - Maurice Blanchot, French author (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 2003 - Mushaf Ali Mir, Pakistani Chief of the Air Staff (b. 1947)<br /><br />● 2003 - Orville Freeman, American politician (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 2003 - Ty Longley, American guitarist (Great White) (b. 1971)<br /><br />● 2005 - Hunter S. Thompson, American journalist and author (suicide) (b. 1937)<br /><br />● 2005 - John Raitt, American actor (b. 1917)<br /><br />● 2005 - Pam Bricker, American jazz singer and Thievery Corporation vocalist (b. 1954)<br /><br />● 2005 - Sandra Dee, American actress (b. 1944)<br /><br />● 2005 - Tom Willmore, English geometer (b. 1919)<br /><br />● 2006 - Curt Gowdy, American sportscaster (b. 1919)<br /><br />● 2006 - Lucjan Wolanowski, Polish journalist, writer and traveller (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 2007 - F. Albert Cotton, American chemist (b. 1930)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Amata<br />● St. Bolcan<br />● St. Colgan<br />● St. Eleutherius of Tournai<br />● St. Eucherius<br />● St. Leo of Catania<br />● St. Sadoth<br />● Sts. Tyrannio & Silvanus<br />● Martyrs of Tyre<br />● St. Valerius<br />● St. Wulfric<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 7 (Civil Date: February 20)<br />● St. Parthenius, Bishop of Lampasacus on the Hellespont.<br />● St. Luke of Hellas.<br />● The 1,003 Martyrs of Nicomedia.<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Six Martyrs of Phrygia.<br />● St. Peter of Monovatia, monk.<br />● Martyr Theopemptus and Synodia.<br />● St. Aprionus, Bishop of Cyprus.<br />● New-Martyr George of Crete.<br />● Repose of Archimandrite Gennadius, ascetic of Roslavl forests (1826).<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● Feast of the Chair of St Peter at Antioch<br /><br />● Lutheran:<br />● Rasmus Jensen, pastor<br /><br />● US : John Glenn Day (1962)<br /><br />● Note: These Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"<br />● World : Brotherhood Day (1934) - ( Sunday )<br />● US : Presidents' Day (formerly Washington's Birthday)-legal holiday - ( Monday )</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-20.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_20"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#20"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-20.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-15702909571018453562008-02-19T00:01:00.001-07:002008-02-20T01:31:40.487-07:00February 19......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 19</strong> is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 315 (316 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1979,. . . .,1990,1996,2001—MON—2007<br />1980,1985,1991,. . . .,2002—TUE—<strong>2008</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—WED—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—THU—2010<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—FRI—2011<br />1983,. . . .,1994,2000,2005—SAT—2012<br />1984,1989,1995,. . . .,2006—SUN—2013<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 19 is the 16th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 131 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 7th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />329, 391, 402, 413, 424, 475, 486, 497, 508, 570, 581, 592, 665, 671, 676, 755, 760, 766, 839, 850, 861, 923, 934, 945, 956, 1007, 1018, 1029, 1040, 1102, 1113, 1124, 1197, 1203, 1208, 1287, 1292, 1298, 1371, 1382, 1393, 1455, 1466, 1477, 1488, 1539, 1550, 1561, 1572, 1586, 1597, 1670, 1676, 1681, 1738, 1744, 1749, 1806, 1817, 1890, 1896, 1947, 1958, 1969<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2042, 2048, 2053, 2110, 2121, 2194, 2200, 2262, 2268, 2273, 2319, 2330, 2336, 2341, 2414, 2420, 2425, 2566, 2572, 2577, 2634, 2640, 2645, 2702, 2713, 2786, 2792, 2797, 2876, 2881, 2887, 2944, 2949, 3006, 3012, 3017, 3096, 3158, 3164, 3169, 3248, 3253, 3259, 3310, 3316, 3321, 3400, 3468, 3473, 3536, 3541, 3620, 3625, 3772, 3783, 3840, 3845, 3851, 3902, 3908, 3913, 3992, 3997, 4003, 4076, 4087, 4098<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Dissent </strong>"The dissenter is every human being at those moments of his life when he resigns momentarily from the herd and thinks for himself."<strong> — Archibald MacLeish</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On War Is Hell </strong>". . .<br />In addition to this core mission, New Bridge Strategies also will be able to provide risk-management and financial services in Iraq through its affiliates Diligence, LLC a premier global risk-consulting, corporate intelligence, due diligence and investigative research company staffed by former Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and other intelligence agency personnel which is based in Miami, London and Washington, D.C., and Milestone Merchant Partners, a merchant bank with offices in Washington, D.C., Miami, and New Jersey.<br />. . . "<strong> — From the website of New Bridge Strategies, a firm headed by Joe M. Allbaugh, who was George W. Bush's campaign manager in 2000. The firm was founded in May 2003. newbridgestrategies.com.—Part 7 of 9</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"You have have a catcher, or you'll have all passed balls."<strong> — Charles "Casey" Stengel, New York Yankees Hall of Fame Manager, was another master of obfuscation, Stengel is Hall of Shame member #7.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nLL2hLiCI/AAAAAAAAFkg/iSay2ZtGNk8/s1600-h/43-45-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nLL2hLiDI/AAAAAAAAFko/4wPH5PYbVak/s400/43-45-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150371053348554802" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 19, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 97% Age: 44% Rise: 4:36 PM Set: 6:09 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 19, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 96% Age: 44% Rise: 5:03 PM Set: 6:19 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 19, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 96% Age: 44% Rise: 4:19 PM Set: 6:13 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 19, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 96% Age: 44% Rise: 3:52 PM Set: 5:52 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />Columbus Laboratory Installed on Space Station<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080219.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R7vhCsICugI/AAAAAAAAF38/YLM7e24Byac/s400/2008-02-19.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5168972433658657282" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Credit: STS-122 Crew, Expedition 16 Crew, ESA, NASA<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 197 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies.<br /><br />● 356 - Emperor Constantius II shuts all heathen temples<br /><br />● 607 - Boniface III becomes Pope.<br /><br />● 842 - The Medieval Iconoclastic Controversy ended, when a Council in Constantinople formally reinstated the veneration of images (icons) in the churches. (This debate over icons is often considered the last event which led to the Great Schism between the Eastern and Western Churches.)<br /><br />● 1401 - William Sawtree, first English religious martyr, burned, London.<br /><br />● 1473 - Birth of astronomer Nicholas Copernicus. Blasphemer who foolishly postulated the theory that Man isn't the center of the universe.<br /><br />● 1512 - French troops under Gaston de Foix occupy Brescia<br /><br />● 1537 - Weavers of Leiden Netherlands strike<br /><br />● 1539 - Jews of Tyrnau Hungary (then Trnava Czechoslovakia), expelled<br /><br />● 1568 - Death of Miles Coverdale, 80, translator and publisher of the first complete Bible to be printed in English (1535). Coverdale was also editor of the Great Bible of 1539.<br /><br />● 1574 - Spanish troops plunder Krommenie, Wormerveer & Jisp Netherlands<br /><br />● 1582 - Francis of Valois becomes duke of Brabant<br /><br />● 1594 - Having already inherited the throne of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth through his mother Catherine Jagellonica of Poland, Sigismund III of the House of Vasa is crowned King of Sweden, succeeding his father John III of Sweden.<br /><br />● 1600 - The Peruvian stratovolcano Huaynaputina exploded in the most violent eruption in the recorded history of South America.<br /><br />● 1619 - Trial against Johan van Oldenbarnevelt begins in The Hague<br /><br />● 1634 - Battle at Smolensk Polish king Wladyslaw IV beats Russians<br /><br />● 1674 - England and the Netherlands sign the Peace of Westminster, ending the Third Anglo-Dutch War. A provision of the agreement transfers the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam to England, which renamed it New York.<br /><br />● 1700 - Last day of the Julian calendar in Denmark<br /><br />● 1797 - 1/3 of papal domain ceded to France<br /><br />● 1803 - Congress accepts Ohio's constitution, statehood not ratified till 1953<br /><br />● 1807 - British squadron under Admiral Duckworth forces passage of Dardanelles<br /><br />● 1807 - In Alabama, Former Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr is arrested for treason and confined to Fort Stoddart; later found innocent.<br /><br />● 1812 - Congregational missionaries Adoniram Judson, 23, and his wife Ann, 22, first sailed from New England to Calcutta, India. (Judson eventually concentrated his labors in Burma.)<br /><br />● 1819 - British explorer William Smith discovers the South Shetland Islands, and claims them in the name of King George III.<br /><br />● 1831 - 1st practical US coal-burning locomotive makes 1st trial run, Pennsylvania<br /><br />● 1846 - In Austin, Texas the newly-formed Texas state government is officially installed. The Republic of Texas government officially transfers power to the State of Texas government following Texas' annexation by the United States.<br /><br />● 1847 - In the eastern foothills of California's Sierra Nevada Mountains, a relief party reaches the Donner Party, finding only about half of the original 89 pioneers have survived. For the rest of their lives, memories of the harrowing experience would eat at them.<br /><br />● 1852 - The Phi Kappa Psi fraternity is founded at Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania.<br /><br />● 1856 - Tin-type camera patented by Hamilton Smith, Gambier OH<br /><br />● 1858 - Leschi, chief of the Nisqually and Yakama, is hanged for leading attack on Seattle.<br /><br />● 1859 - Dan Sickles is acquitted of murder on grounds of temporary insanity 1st time this defense is successfully used<br /><br />● 1861 - Serfdom is abolished in Russia by Tsar Alexander II.<br /><br />● 1864 - Knights of Pythias founded at Washington, DC by Justus H. Rathbone.<br /><br />● 1869 - Death of Elizabeth Clephane, 39, an orphaned Scottish poet who left the Church with two hauntingly beautiful hymns: "Beneath the Cross of Jesus" and "The Ninety and Nine." (All of Clephane's poetry was published posthumously.)<br /><br />● 1869 - US Assay Office in Boise ID authorized<br /><br />● 1878 - The phonograph is patented by Thomas Edison.<br /><br />● 1881 - Kansas became the first U.S. state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages.<br /><br />● 1884 - Tornadoes in Mississippi, Alabama, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky & Indiana kill 800 people<br /><br />● 1887 - Eduard Douwes Dekker (1820-1887), best known under his pseudonym, Multatuli (Latin, "I have suffered much"), dies in Germany. Great Dutch anarchist writer/novelist, a one-time civil servant who wrote the autobiographical novel "Max Havelaar," reflecting his disgust with Dutch colonialism and racism. Despised middle-class conformism, excoriating religion, the family, and prejudices of all kinds -- racist, sexist or sexual. Multatuli's ideas influenced the socialist and libertarian milieu of his time, and practising his libertarian ideals scandalized his contemporaries, living as he did with two women and their children.<br /><br />● 1889 - Quileut Indian reservation (at La Push, WA) established.<br /><br />● 1891 - Cecilia colony founded.<br /><br />● 1900 - British troops occupy Hlangwane Natal<br /><br />● 1903 - Birth of Kay Boyle, St. Paul, Minn. Novelist, short story writer, anti-war activist. In 1967, at the height of the Vietnam War protests, S.I. Hiyakawa, president of SF State University (and later U.S. Senator), publicly fired Boyle for her active role in the student protests. She was 65 years old. As an American expatriate writing in Paris in the '20s and '30s, a journalist documenting the fall of France in the '40s for the New Yorker, a blacklisted writer in the '50s, an anti-war activist and essayist in the '60s and '70s, and founder of the San Francisco chapter of Amnesty International in the '80s, Kay Boyle's literary and political career is a chronicle of the events and concerns of the 20th century.<br /><br />● 1906 - W K Kellogg & Charles D Bolin incorporate Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company, Battle Creek MI<br /><br />● 1910 - Three hundred street cars destroyed during Philadelphia transit strike.<br /><br />● 1912 - In the Bread and Roses textile strike in Lawrence, Mass., 200 police draw their clubs and go after 100 women pickets, knocking them to the ground and beating them. As the police clubbing become more frequent and violent, strike leader Big Bill Haywood urges the women not to picket. Instead of agreeing, an Italian woman suggests (quote) - "Tomorrow morning, man no go on picket line. All man, boy stay home, sleep. Only woman, girl on picket line tomorrow morning. Soldier and policeman no beat woman, girl. You see, I got big belly, she too got big belly. Policeman no beat us." The next morning, however, the women are beaten so badly that the Italian woman who spoke, and Bertha Crouse, another pregnant striker, lose their babies and almost die.<br /><br />● 1912 – Stan Kenton, the American bandleader who was an innovator in the progressive jazz style of the 1950's, was born.<br /><br />● 1913 - Mexican General V Huerta takes power with US support<br /><br />● 1913 - Prizes are included in Cracker Jack candy boxes for the first time.<br /><br />● 1915 - British fleet fire on Dardanellen coast<br /><br />● 1915 - World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli began. Plans for Mutiny in the British Indian army uncovered in India.<br /><br />● 1919 - First Pan African Congress held, in Paris, organized by W.E.B. DuBois.<br /><br />● 1920 - John Creaghe dies in Washington DC. Doctor and Irish anarchist. Active in the U.S., England, and Argentina. Participant in the Mexican Revolution.<br /><br />● 1920 - Netherlands joins League of Nations<br /><br />● 1927 - General strike against British occupiers in Shanghai<br /><br />● 1929 - Medical diathermy machine 1st used, Schenectady NY<br /><br />● 1933 - Prussian minister Göring bans all Catholic newspapers<br /><br />● 1934 - US contract air mail service canceled, replaced by US army for 6 months<br /><br />● 1936 - Manuel Azaña becomes Spanish premier<br /><br />● 1937 - During a public ceremony at the Viceregal Palace (the former Imperial residence) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, two Eritrean nationalists attempt to kill viceroy Rodolfo Graziani with a number of grenades. The Italian security guard fire indiscrimately into the crowd of Ethiopian onlookers. Over the following weeks the colonial authorities execute 30,000 persons in retaliation - including about half of the younger, educated Ethiopian population.<br /><br />● 1938 - Soviet arctic ice research station North Pole 1 evacuated, Denmark<br /><br />● 1941 - Nazis raid Koco Amsterdam & round up 429 young Jews for deportation<br /><br />● 1941 - World War II: The Afrika Korps, the corps-level headquarters controlling the German Panzer divisions in North Africa, was formed.<br /><br />● 1942 - 112,000 citizens of Japanese ancestry interned in U.S. concentration camps set up from this day, ten weeks after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. With the strong support of California Attorney General Earl Warren (later U.S. Supreme Court Justice), liberal journalist Walter Lippmann, and Time magazine -- which referred to California as "Japan's Sudetenland" -- FDR signs Executive Order 9066, authorizing the Secretary of War and military commanders "to prescribe military areas...from which any or all persons may be excluded." The order set the stage for the forced relocation of Americans of Japanese descent to concentration camps; they lose businesses, homes, and belongings to whites who take advantage of their plight.<br /><br />● 1942 - Dutch actors protest obligatory membership of Culture Chamber<br /><br />● 1942 - Japanese troop land on Timor<br /><br />● 1942 - New York Yankees announce 5,000 uniformed soldiers will be admitted free at each of their upcoming home games<br /><br />● 1942 - World War II: nearly 250 Japanese warplanes attack the northern Australian city of Darwin killing anywhere from 243 to 1100 people.<br /><br />● 1943 - World War II: Battle of the Kasserine Pass in Tunisia begins.<br /><br />● 1944 - 823 British bombers attack Berlin<br /><br />● 1944 - U-264 sinks off Ireland<br /><br />● 1945 - 900 Japanese soldiers reportedly killed by crocodiles in 2 days<br /><br />● 1945 - Brotherhood Day-1st celebrated<br /><br />● 1945 - The first wave of U.S. Marines storm onto the tiny volcanic island of Iwo Jima, a Pacific island located in bomber-range of the Japanese home islands. Six thousand Americans died in the following six weeks while capturing Iwo Jima; 17,200 were wounded. Almost all of the 22,000 Japanese defenders perished.<br /><br />● 1947 - French anarcho-syndicalist Pierre Besnard dies.<br /><br />● 1948 - Joe Ettor, IWW organizer, dies.<br /><br />● 1949 - Ezra Pound is awarded the first Bollingen Prize in poetry by the Bollingen Foundation and Yale University.<br /><br />● 1949 - Mass arrests of communists in India<br /><br />● 1952 - French offensive at Hanoi<br /><br />● 1953 - The State of Georgia approved the first literature censorship board in the U.S. Newspapers were excluded from the new legislation.<br /><br />● 1955 - South East Asia Collective Defense Treaty goes into effect<br /><br />● 1959 - Britain, Turkey & Greece sign agreement granting Cyprus independence<br /><br />● 1959 - Gabon adopts its constitution<br /><br />● 1959 - The United Kingdom grants Cyprus its independence, which is then on formally proclaimed on August 16, 1960.<br /><br />● 1959 - USAF rocket-powered rail sled attains Mach 4.1 (4970 kph), New Mexico<br /><br />● 1960 - France becomes the world’s fourth nuclear power.<br /><br />● 1960 - Protest strike in Poznan Poland<br /><br />● 1961 - Albania disavows Chinese "Revisionism"<br /><br />● 1961 – Lumumba rally clashes with UK police; Police battle with supporters of the murdered Congolese premier outside the Belgian embassy in London.<br /><br />● 1962 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1963 - Ernest Armand, individualist anarchist, free love activist, dies. Jailed numerous times, including during WWI for advocating desertion, and internment camps during WWII.<br /><br />● 1963 - USSR informs JFK it's withdrawing several thousand troops from Cuba<br /><br />● 1964 - Paul Simon writes "The Sounds of Silence," the song which, in a year and a half, will catapult him and Art Garfunkel to stardom as Simon & Garfunkel.<br /><br />● 1965 - Weekend of protests in 30 U.S. cities against escalation of war in Vietnam.<br /><br />● 1968 - 1st US Teachers strike (Florida)<br /><br />● 1968 – Damages for thalidomide children; The British High Court awards compensation to 62 children born with thalidomide-induced deformities.<br /><br />● 1968 - Egyptian commando forces attempt to intervene in a hijacking situation at Larnaca International Airport, without authorisation from the Republic of Cyprus authorities. The Cypriot National Guard and Police forces kill 15 Egyptian commandos and destroy the Egyptian C-130 transport plane in open combat.<br /><br />● 1968 - National Educational Television (the predecessor to the Public Broadcasting Service in the United States debuts the children's television program Mister Rogers' Neighborhood<br /><br />● 1969 - 1st Test flight of Boeing 747 jumbo jet<br /><br />● 1970 - USSR launches Sputnik 52 & Molniya 1-13 communications satellite<br /><br />● 1972 - Leech Lake band of Chippewa, Minnesota, wins right to hunt, fish, trap, and gather wild rice by tribal law.<br /><br />● 1972 - Longest ILWU strike ends.<br /><br />● 1972 - Paul McCartney's "Give Ireland Back to the Irish" is immediately banned by the BBC.<br /><br />● 1976 - Four recruits die at Fort Dix, New Jersey of a new flu virus which is a hybrid of Asian flu with one that causes flu-like illness in pigs ("swine flu"). Worries about an epidemic similar to the 1918-19 swine flu epidemic, which affected 500,000 Americans. Big vaccination campaign started. The epidemic never materialized.<br /><br />● 1976 - Frente Polisario forms Democratic Republic of Sahara<br /><br />● 1977 - Forty thousand demonstrate against nuclear power, Brokdorf, West Germany.<br /><br />● 1977 - France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island<br /><br />● 1977 - Shuttle Enterprise makes 1st test flight atop a 747 jetliner<br /><br />● 1978 – Egyptian forces die in Cyprus gunfight; At least ten Egyptian commandos are killed in a gun battle with Greek Cypriot soldiers at Larnaca airport.<br /><br />● 1980 - Bon Scott (Ronald Belford Scott), lead singer of AC/DC, dies after a night of heavy drinking.<br /><br />● 1981 - George Harrison is ordered to pay ABKCO Music $587,000 for "subconscious plagiarism" "My Sweet Lord" with "He's So Fine"<br /><br />● 1982 - Hanneke Jelgersma (Jagersma?) installed as Netherlands' 1st Communist mayor<br /><br />● 1982 - Maiden flight of Boeing 757<br /><br />● 1982 - Ozzy Osbourne arrested for urinating on The Alamo.<br /><br />● 1982 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR<br /><br />● 1984 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR<br /><br />● 1985 - Artificial heart recipient William J. Schroeder becomes the first such patient to leave hospital.<br /><br />● 1985 - Iberia Airlines Boeing 727 crashes into Mount Oiz in Spain, killing 148.<br /><br />● 1986 - Farm Labor Organizing Committee signs agreement with Campbell Soup Co., ending seven-year-old boycott. Campbell is later bought by a tobacco company.<br /><br />● 1986 - Jordanian King Hussein severs ties with PLO<br /><br />● 1986 - The Soviet Union launches the Mir space station.<br /><br />● 1986 - U.S. Congress ratifies UN treaty outlawing genocide -- after 37 years. Between 1991-2000, 1,500 children under the age of 5 per month die in Iraq due to U.S.-imposed economic embargo of Iraq, according to the U.N.<br /><br />● 1987 - A controversial, anti-smoking ad aired for the first time on television. It featured Yul Brynner who died shortly after of lung cancer.<br /><br />● 1987 - Minnesota sheriff office arrest FBI most wanted, Thomas G Harrelson<br /><br />● 1987 - Reagan lifts trade boycott against Poland<br /><br />● 1988 - Passaic County (N.J.) Prosecutor's Office files motion to dismiss the 1966 murder indictments against Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, championed in the song "Hurricane" by Bob Dylan.<br /><br />● 1990 - Police kill 8 demonstrators for multi party system in Nepal<br /><br />● 1990 - Soyuz TM-9 lands<br /><br />● 1990 - Students at Tennessee State University, a primarily African-American school, sit in to demand equal funding. Nashville, TN.<br /><br />● 1991 - Six thousand rally against Gulf War, Brisbane, Australia.<br /><br />● 1992 - North and South Korea sign nuclear weapons ban.<br /><br />● 1996 - Ten thousand gather at the state capitol in Olympia, Wash., in a "Rally for Working Families" opposing cuts in social programs.<br /><br />● 1997 - Deng Xiaoping of China died at the age of 92. He was the last of China's major revolutionaries.<br /><br />● 1997 - Seattle School District unexpectedly reverses itself after extensive community pressure and drops plans to allow corporate advertising in public schools.<br /><br />● 1997 - Twelve hundred rally in support of striking musicians union, forcing cancellation of opening night Disney production of "Beauty and the Beast" at 5th Ave. Theater in Seattle.<br /><br />● 1998 - About 300 Ohio State Univ. students interrupt a CNN infomercial for the Clinton Administration's planned military strike on Iraq, both heckling White House representatives and peppering them with tough (and unanswered) questions. The PR debacle, broadcast live globally, galvanized anti-war efforts and may have single-handedly stopped the attacks.<br /><br />● 1998 - Soyuz TM-26 lands<br /><br />● 1998 - US hockey team destroys their rooms at Olympics village in Japan<br /><br />● 2001 - An Oklahoma City bombing museum is dedicated at the Oklahoma City National Memorial.<br /><br />● 2001 – Foot-and-mouth scare at UK abbatoir; A five-mile exclusion zone is placed around an abbatoir in Essex after a suspected case of foot-and-mouth disease is detected.<br /><br />● 2002 - NASA's Mars Odyssey space probe begins to map the surface of Mars using its thermal emission imaging system.<br /><br />● 2004 – After sanctioning more than 2,800 gay marriages, the city of San Francisco sued the state of California, challenging its ban on same-sex marriages.<br /><br />● 2004 – Former Enron Corp. chief executive Jeffrey Skilling was charged with fraud, insider trading and other crimes in connection with the energy trader's collapse. (He was later convicted and sentenced to more than 24 years in prison.)<br /><br />● 2004 - Nazi-hunter Simon Wiesenthal is awarded an honorary knighthood in recognition of a "lifetime of service to humanity."<br /><br />● 2005 – Eight suicide bombers struck in quick succession in Iraq in a wave of attacks that killed dozens.<br /><br />● 2005 – The USS Jimmy Carter, the last of the Seawolf class of attack subs, was commissioned at Groton, Conn.<br /><br />● 2006 - The Rolling Stones made the largest show open to the public of the world in Copacabana beach, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 1.3 million people went to the show.<br /><br />● 2007 - Three Salvadoran deputies to the Central American Parliament and their driver are murdered in Guatemala.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1473 - Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish mathematician and astronomer (d. 1543)<br /><br />● 1526 - Charles de L'Ecluse, Flemish botanist (d. 1609)<br /><br />● 1552 - Melchior Klesl, Austrian cardinal and statesman (d. 1630)<br /><br />● 1630 - Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire (d. 1680)<br /><br />● 1660 - Friedrich Hoffmann, German physician and chemist (d. 1742)<br /><br />● 1717 - David Garrick, British actor (d. 1779)<br /><br />● 1722 - Tiphaigne de la Roche, French writer (d. 1774)<br /><br />● 1743 - Luigi Boccherini, Italian composer (d. 1805)<br /><br />● 1780 - Richard McCarty, American politician (d. 1844)<br /><br />● 1802 - Wilhelm Matthias Naeff, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 1881)<br /><br />● 1804 - Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky, German physician (d. 1878)<br /><br />● 1804 - David Wark, Canadian politician (d. 1905)<br /><br />● 1821 - August Schleicher, German linguist (d. 1868)<br /><br />● 1833 - Élie Ducommun, Swiss journalist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1906)<br /><br />● 1856 – Rudolf Stammler, German jurist and teacher (d. 1938)<br /><br />● 1859 - Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1927)<br /><br />● 1865 - Sven Hedin, Swedish explorer (d. 1952)<br /><br />● 1876 - Constantin Brancusi, Romanian sculptor (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1877 - Gabriele Münter, German painter (d. 1962)<br /><br />● 1880 - Alvaro Obregon, Mexican president (d. 1928)<br /><br />● 1888 - José Eustasio Rivera, Colombian writer (d. 1928)<br /><br />● 1893 - Sir Cedric Hardwicke, British actor (d. 1964)<br /><br />● 1895 - Louis Calhern, American actor (d. 1956)<br /><br />● 1897 - Alma Rubens, American actress (d. 1931)<br /><br />● 1899 - Yury Olesha, Russian novelist (d. 1960)<br /><br />● 1900 - Giorgos Seferis, Greek poet, Nobel laureate (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1902 - Kay Boyle, American writer (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1904 - Havank, Dutch writer (d. 1964)<br /><br />● 1911 - Merle Oberon, British actress (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1912 - Saul Chaplin, American composer (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1912 - Stan Kenton, American musician (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1913 - Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza, pretender to the Brazilian throne (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1914 - Jacques Dufilho, French comedian (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1916 - Eddie Arcaro, American jockey (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1917 - Carson McCullers, American author (d. 1967)<br /><br />● 1920 - C. Z. Guest, American socialite (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1920 - George Rose, British music hall entertainer (d. 1988)<br /><br />● 1920 - Jaan Kross, Estonian writer (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1924 - Bruce Norris, American ice hockey executive (d. 1986)<br /><br />● 1924 - David Bronstein, Ukrainian chess player (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1924 - Lee Marvin, American actor (d. 1987)<br /><br />● 1929 - Jacques Deray, French film director (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1930 - John Frankenheimer, American film director (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1934 - Carole Eastman, American screenwriter (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1936 - Marin Sorescu, Romanian writer and novelist (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1936 - Sam Myers, American musician and songwriter (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1937 - Robert "Bilbo" Walker Jr., American blues guitarist<br /><br />● 1939 - Gwen Taylor, English actress<br /><br />● 1940 – Bobby Rogers, R&B singer (The Miracles)<br /><br />● 1940 – Carlin Glynn, Actress<br /><br />● 1940 - Saparmurat Niyazov, President of Turkmenistan (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1940 - Smokey Robinson, American singer<br /><br />● 1941 - David Gross, American physicist, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1942 - Paul Krause, American football player<br /><br />● 1943 - Homer Hickam, American author and retired NASA Engineer<br /><br />● 1943 - Lou Christie, American singer<br /><br />● 1943 - Tim Hunt, British biochemist, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1945 - Michael Nader, American actor<br /><br />● 1946 - Karen Silkwood, American activist (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1946 - Paul Dean, Canadian guitarist (Loverboy)<br /><br />● 1946 - Peter Hudson, Australian rules footballer<br /><br />● 1947 - Tim Shadbolt, mayor of Invercargill, New Zealand<br /><br />● 1948 - Big John Studd, American professional wrestler (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1948 - Mark Andes, American musician<br /><br />● 1948 - Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1948 - Tony Iommi, British musician (Black Sabbath)<br /><br />● 1949 - Dan Bunten, American software developer (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1950 - Andy Powell, British musician<br /><br />● 1951 - Stephen Nichols, American actor<br /><br />● 1951 - Tahir-ul-Qadri, Pakistani Islamic scholar<br /><br />● 1952 - Amy Tan, American novelist<br /><br />● 1952 - Rodolfo Neri Vela, Mexican astronaut<br /><br />● 1953 - Cristina Elisabet Fernández - Argentinian politician<br /><br />● 1953 - Massimo Troisi, Italian actor (d. 1994)<br /><br />● 1954 - Socrates, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1955 - Jeff Daniels, American actor<br /><br />● 1956 – Dave Wakeling, Rock musician-singer (General Public, English Beat)<br /><br />● 1956 - Kathleen Beller, American actress<br /><br />● 1956 - Roderick MacKinnon, American biologist, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1957 - Falco, Austrian singer (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1957 – Lorianne Crook, Talk show host<br /><br />● 1957 - Ray Winstone, British actor<br /><br />● 1960 - Andrew, Duke of York<br /><br />● 1960 - Leslie Ash, English actress<br /><br />● 1961 - Andy Wallace, English race car driver<br /><br />● 1961 - Justin Fashanu, English footballer (d. 1998)<br /><br />● 1962 - Hana Mandlíková, Czech tennis player<br /><br />● 1962 - John Laroche, American orchid poacher<br /><br />● 1963 - Laurell K. Hamilton, American writer<br /><br />● 1963 - Seal, English singer<br /><br />● 1964 - Dmitri Lipskerov, Russian writer<br /><br />● 1964 - Sonu Walia, Indian actress<br /><br />● 1966 - Enzo Scifo, Belgian footballer<br /><br />● 1966 - Justine Bateman, American actress (''Family Ties'')<br /><br />● 1966 - Paul Haarhuis, Dutch tennis player<br /><br />● 1967 - Benicio Del Toro, Puerto Rican actor<br /><br />● 1969 - Burton C. Bell, American vocalist<br /><br />● 1971 - Gil Shaham, Israeli/American violinist<br /><br />● 1971 - Miguel Batista, Dominican baseball player<br /><br />● 1972 - Francine, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1974 - Danny Doring, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1975 - Daewon Song, Korean professional skateboarder<br /><br />● 1975 – Daniel Adair, Rock musician (Nickelback)<br /><br />● 1975 - Katja Schuurman, Dutch actress and singer<br /><br />● 1975 - Mikko Kavén, Finnish footballer<br /><br />● 1977 - Gianluca Zambrotta, Italian footballer<br /><br />● 1977 - Ola Salo, Swedish singer (The Ark)<br /><br />● 1978 - Immortal Technique, American rapper<br /><br />● 1978 - Michalis Konstantinou, Greek-Cypriot footballer<br /><br />● 1979 - Clinton Morrison, Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1979 - Mariana Ochoa, Mexican singer and actress<br /><br />● 1979 - Mariska, Finnish rapper<br /><br />● 1980 - Ma Lin, Chinese table tennis player<br /><br />● 1980 - Mike Miller, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1980 - Neleh Dennis, American Survivor contestant<br /><br />● 1981 - Beth Ditto, American singer (The Gossip)<br /><br />● 1981 - Gil Reyes, American boxer<br /><br />● 1981 - Nicky Shorey, English footballer<br /><br />● 1981 - Ronnie Arniell, Canadian professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1981 - Vitas, Russian singer<br /><br />● 1983 - Assunta De Rossi, Filipino actress<br /><br />● 1983 - Mika Nakashima, Japanese singer/actress<br /><br />● 1983 - Vitas, Russian singer<br /><br />● 1984 - Chris Richardson, American Idol finalist<br /><br />● 1985 - Haylie Duff, American singer/actress (''7th Heaven'')<br /><br />● 1986 - Henri Karjalainen, Finnish racing driver<br /><br />● 1986 - Maria Mena, Norwegian singer<br /><br />● 1986 - Marta, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1986 - Reon Kadena, Japanese model/actress<br /><br />● 1993 - Victoria Justice, American actress and musician</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 197 - Clodius Albinus, Roman governor of Britain<br /><br />● 1133 - Irene Ducaena, wife of Alexius I Comnenus (b. 1066)<br /><br />● 1553 - Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1511)<br /><br />● 1589 - Saint Philothei, Orthodox martyr and Patron of Athens (b. 1522)<br /><br />● 1602 - Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercoeur, French soldier (b. 1558)<br /><br />● 1605 - Orazio Vecchi, Italian composer (b. 1550)<br /><br />● 1620 - Roemer Visscher, Dutch writer (b. 1547)<br /><br />● 1622 - Sir Henry Savile, English educator (b. 1549)<br /><br />● 1653 - Luigi de Rossi, Italian composer (b. 1597)<br /><br />● 1663 - Adam Adami, German bishop and diplomat (b. 1603)<br /><br />● 1670 - King Frederick III of Denmark (b. 1609)<br /><br />● 1672 - Charles Chauncy, English-born president of Harvard College (b. 1592)<br /><br />● 1709 - Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shogun (b. 1646)<br /><br />● 1716 - Dorthe Engelbrechtsdatter, Norwegian poet (b. 1634)<br /><br />● 1789 - Nicholas Van Dyke, American lawyer and President of Delaware (b. 1738)<br /><br />● 1799 - Jean-Charles de Borda, French mathematician, physicist, political scientist, and sailor (b. 1733)<br /><br />● 1806 - Elizabeth Carter, English writer (b. 1717)<br /><br />● 1837 - Georg Büchner, German playwright (b. 1813)<br /><br />● 1873 - Vasil Levski, Bulgarian revolutionary (b. 1837)<br /><br />● 1887 - Multatuli, Dutch writer (b. 1820)<br /><br />● 1897 - Karl Weierstraß, German mathematician (b. 1815)<br /><br />● 1916 - Ernst Mach, Austrian-Czech physicist and philosopher (b. 1838)<br /><br />● 1927 - Robert Fuchs, Austrian composer (b. 1847)<br /><br />● 1936 - Billy Mitchell, American general and military aviation pioneer (b. 1879)<br /><br />● 1936 - Charles Harding Firth, British historian (b. 1857)<br /><br />● 1936 - Max Schreck, German actor (b. 1879)<br /><br />● 1942 - Frank Abbandando, American gangster (executed) (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 1951 - André Gide, French writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1869)<br /><br />● 1952 - Knut Hamsun, Norwegian author, Nobel laureate (b. 1859)<br /><br />● 1957 - Maurice Garin, French cyclist (b. 1871)<br /><br />● 1962 - Georgios Papanikolaou, Greek doctor, inventor of the Pap smear (b. 1883)<br /><br />● 1968 - Georg Hackenschmidt, Estonian professional wrestler (b. 1878)<br /><br />● 1969 - Madge Blake, American actress (b. 1899)<br /><br />● 1972 - John Grierson, Scottish documentary filmmaker (b. 1898)<br /><br />● 1972 - Tedd Pierce, American animator (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1973 - Joseph Szigeti, Hungarian violinist (b. 1892)<br /><br />● 1973 - Kostas Negrepontis, Greek footballer (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1975 - Luigi Dallapiccola, Italian composer (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1977 - Anthony Crosland, British politician (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 1977 - Mike González, Cuban baseball player (b. 1890)<br /><br />● 1980 - Bon Scott, Australian musician and singer for the band AC/DC (b. 1946)<br /><br />● 1983 - Alice White, American film actress (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1986 - Adolfo Celi, Italian actor (b. 1922)<br /><br />● 1988 - André Frédéric Cournand, French-born physician, Nobel laureate (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1994 - Derek Jarman, British film director (b. 1942)<br /><br />● 1996 - Antonio Creus, Spanish racecar driver (b. 1924)<br /><br />● 1996 - Charles O. Finley, American sports entrepreneur (b. 1918)<br /><br />● 1997 - Deng Xiaoping, Chinese Communist leader and revolutionary (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1997 - Leo Rosten, American Yiddish writer and humorist (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 1998 - Grandpa Jones, American entertainer (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 1998 - John Acheson, British actor<br /><br />● 1999 - Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr, Iraqi Shiite leader (assassinated)<br /><br />● 2000 - Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Austrian artist (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 2001 - Charles Trenet, French singer (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 2001 - Priscilla Davis, American socialite (b. 1942)<br /><br />● 2001 - Stanley Kramer, American director (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 2003 - Johnny Paycheck, American singer (b. 1938)<br /><br />● 2007 - Celia Franca, founder of National Ballet of Canada (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 2007 - Janet Blair, American actress (b. 1921)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Alvarez of Corova<br />● St. Auxibius<br />● St. Barbatus<br />● St. Beatus<br />● St. Belina<br />● St. Boniface of Lausanne<br />● St. Odran<br />● St. Valerius<br />● St. Zambdas<br />● Bl. Lucy<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 6 (Civil Date: February 19)<br />● St. Bucolus, Bishop of Smyrna.<br />● Martyr Julian of Emesa.<br />● Virgin Martyr Fausta, and with her Evilasius and Maximus, at Cyzicus.<br />● Virgin Martyr Dorothy, two sisters Christina and Callista, and Theophilus, at Caesaria in Cappadocia.<br />● Virgin Martyrs Martha and Mary, and their brother Lycarion, in Egypt.<br />● St. Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople.<br />● Saints Barsanuphius the Great and John the Prophet, monks of Palestine.<br />● St. Dorothy, schema-nun of Kashin.<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Martyrs Faustus, Basil, Silvanus, and the holy Martyrs of Darion in Constantinople.<br />● St. John of Thebes, monk.<br />● St. James the Ascetic.<br />● Repose of Archbishop Theophanes of Poltava (1940).<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● St. Conrad<br /><br />● Chaoflux (Discordianism)<br /><br />● Astrology - First day of sun sign Pisces<br /><br />● Astrology - Can also be last day of sun sign Aquarius depending on the time of birth and the astrologer's viewpoint.<br /><br />● Ethiopia - Martyr's Day (1930s)<br /><br />● Gabon - Constitution Day (1959)<br /><br />● These Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"<br />● US : Presidents' Day (formerly Washington's Birthday)-legal holiday - ( Monday )<br />● World : Brotherhood Day (1934) - ( Sunday )</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-19.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_19"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#19"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-19.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-84862370836024440292008-02-18T00:01:00.001-07:002008-02-20T01:31:40.487-07:00February 18......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 18</strong> is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 316 (317 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />1980,1985,1991,. . . .,2002—MON—<strong>2008</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—TUE—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—WED—2009<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—THU—2010<br />1983,. . . .,1994,2000,2005—FRI—2011<br />1984,1989,1995,. . . .,2006—SAT—2012<br />. . . .,1990,1996,2001,2007—SUN—. . . .<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 18 is the 15th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 133 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 5th/6th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />375, 386, 397, 459, 470, 481, 492, 543, 554, 565, 576, 638, 649, 660, 733, 739, 744, 823, 828, 834, 907, 918, 929, 991, 1002, 1013, 1024, 1075, 1086, 1097, 1108, 1170, 1181, 1192, 1265, 1271, 1276, 1355, 1360, 1366, 1439, 1450, 1461, 1523, 1534, 1545, 1556, 1643, 1654, 1665, 1711, 1722, 1733, 1795, 1801, 1863, 1874, 1885, 1920, 1931, 1942, 1953<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2015, 2026, 2037, 2105, 2167, 2178, 2189, 2235, 2246, 2257, 2303, 2314, 2325, 2387, 2398, 2409, 2471, 2482, 2488, 2493, 2539, 2550, 2561, 2607, 2618, 2629, 2759, 2770, 2781, 2854, 2860, 2865, 2911, 2922, 2933, 3001, 3063, 3074, 3085, 3131, 3142, 3153, 3226, 3232, 3237, 3305, 3378, 3384, 3389, 3446, 3452, 3457, 3503, 3514, 3525, 3598, 3604, 3609, 3688, 3693, 3750, 3756, 3761, 3818, 3824, 3829, 3970, 3976, 3981, 4060, 4065<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Disabilities </strong>"Rebellion against your handicaps gets you nowhere. Self-pity gets you nowhere. One must have the adventurous daring to accept oneself as a bundle of possibilities and undertake the most interesting game in the world—making the most of one's best."<strong> — Harry Emerson Fosdick</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On War Is Hell </strong>". . . Also, because of their long history of work in the Middle East and Iraq, they possess Arabic-language skills and business expertise in fields such as: telecommunications; real estate; food and beverages; energy; oil and gas; manufacturing; high-technology and distribution.<br />. . . "<strong> — From the website of New Bridge Strategies, a firm headed by Joe M. Allbaugh, who was George W. Bush's campaign manager in 2000. The firm was founded in May 2003. newbridgestrategies.com.—Part 6 of 9</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"They got a lot of kids now whose uniform are so tight, especially the pants, that they cannot bend over to pick up ground balls. And they don't want to bend over in television games because in that way, there is no way their face can get on the camera."<strong> — Charles "Casey" Stengel, New York Yankees Hall of Fame Manager, was another master of obfuscation, Stengel is Hall of Shame member #7.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nKU2hLiAI/AAAAAAAAFkQ/8tJRLC77O5A/s1600-h/40-42-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nKU2hLiBI/AAAAAAAAFkY/7fLudZzbHLM/s400/40-42-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150370108455749650" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 18, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 91% Age: 40% Rise: 3:26 PM Set: 5:33 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 18, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 91% Age: 40% Rise: 3:55 PM Set: 5:40 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 18, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 91% Age: 40% Rise: 3:05 PM Set: 5:39 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 18, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 91% Age: 40% Rise: 2:36 PM Set: 5:18 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />BLG-109: A Distant Version of our own Solar System<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080218.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R7vhCsICufI/AAAAAAAAF30/2ZhH2LhckVk/s400/2008-02-18.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5168972433658657266" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Illustration Credit: KASI, CBNU, ARCSEC, NSF<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 3102 B.C.E. - Epoch (origin) of the Kali Yuga- Lord Krishna is believed by Hare Krishnas and Hindus to have left the planet on this day.<br /><br />● 1229 - The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy.<br /><br />● 1268 - The Livonian Brothers of the Sword are defeated by Dovmont of Pskov in the Battle of Rakovor.<br /><br />● 1332 (or 1329) - Amda Seyon I, Emperor of Ethiopia begins his campaigns in the southern Muslim provinces.<br /><br />● 1478 - George, Duke of Clarence, convicted of treason against his older brother Edward IV of England, is privately executed in the Tower of London.<br /><br />● 1503 - Henry Tudor created Prince of Wales (later Henry VIII)<br /><br />● 1516 - Mary Tudor, the queen of England popularly known as ''Bloody Mary,'' was born in Greenwich Palace.<br /><br />● 1536 - France & Turkey sign military/trade agreement against King Karel<br /><br />● 1546 - Martin Luther, leader of the Protestant Reformation in Germany, died.<br /><br />● 1563 - Huguenot Jean Poltrot de Méré shoots General François De Guise<br /><br />● 1564 - The artist Michelanglelo died in Rome.<br /><br />● 1571 - A group of Spanish Jesuits in the Chesapeake Bay area, led by Fray Batista Segura, were murdered by the Indians they had come six months earlier to convert. The massacre led ultimately to the withdrawal of all Jesuits living in Florida as well.<br /><br />● 1574 - Zeeland falls to Dutch rebels.<br /><br />● 1634 - Ferdinand II orders commander Albrecht von Wallenstein, execution<br /><br />● 1678 - John Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress" was first published, in England. Bunyan was frequently imprisoned for preaching without a license. During these sequestered times, between 1660-72, Bunyan collected the ideas enabling him to pen this masterpiece of Christian literature.<br /><br />● 1685 - Robert Cavelier and Sieur de LaSalle established Fort St. Louis at Matagorda Bay, and thus formed the basis for France's claim to Texas.<br /><br />● 1688 - At a monthly meeting in Germantown, PA, a group of Quakers and Mennonites became the first white body in English America to register a formal protest against slavery. The historic "Germantown Protest" denounced both slavery and the slave trade.<br /><br />● 1713 - French invade under Jacques Cassard on Curaçao<br /><br />● 1745 - Bonnie Prince Charlie's troops occupy Inverness Scotland<br /><br />● 1781 - Birth of Henry Martyn, Anglican missionary to Persia. Martyn first sailed for the East in 1805. His great linguistic gifts led him to translate the New Testament both into Hindustani and Arabic, before his premature death at 31.<br /><br />● 1787 - Austrian emperor Jozef II bans children under 8 from labor<br /><br />● 1797 - Trinidad is surrendered to a British fleet under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby.<br /><br />● 1804 - 1st US land-grant college, Ohio University, Athens OH, chartered<br /><br />● 1814 - Battle of Montereau occurs.<br /><br />● 1815 - Treaty of peace with Great Britain proclaimed<br /><br />● 1828 - More than 100 vessels destroyed in a storm, Gibraltar<br /><br />● 1834 - 1st US labor newspaper, "The Man", published, New York NY<br /><br />● 1839 - Detroit Boat Club forms (still exists today)<br /><br />● 1841 - The first ongoing filibuster in the United States Senate begins and lasts until March 11.<br /><br />● 1847 - Birth of Jean Baguet. French anarchist exiled to Switzerland to avoid arrest following demonstrations at Montceau-the-Mines in August 1882. Sentenced in absentia to five years prison.<br /><br />● 1848 - Louis Comfort Tiffany, a craftsman and designer who made significant advancements in the art of glassmaking, was born.<br /><br />● 1849 - 1st regular steamboat service to San Francisco CA starts: gold rush prospectors from east coast<br /><br />● 1850 - California Legislature creates 9 Bay Area counties<br /><br />● 1856 - The American Party (Know-Nothings) convene in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to nominate their first Presidential candidate, former President Millard Fillmore.<br /><br />● 1857 - Insurrection of Chinese in Sarawak, Borneo<br /><br />● 1861 - Arapaho and Cheyenne cede most of eastern Colorado, guaranteed to them forever in an 1851 treaty.<br /><br />● 1861 - In Montgomery, Alabama, Jefferson Davis is inaugurated as the provisional President of the Confederate States of America.<br /><br />● 1861 - With the Italian unification almost complete, King Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia assumes the title of King of Italy.<br /><br />● 1865 - Battle of Ft Moultrie SC occupied by Federals<br /><br />● 1865 - In the U.S., Delaware voters reject the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, and vote to continue the practice of slavery. (Delaware finally ratifies the amendment on February 12, 1901.)<br /><br />● 1865 - Union forces under Major General William T. Sherman set the South Carolina State House on fire during the burning of Columbia.<br /><br />● 1865 - Union troops force Confederates to abandon Fort Anderson NC<br /><br />● 1867 - Nonviolent resistance to Austrian oppression results in separate constitution, Hungary.<br /><br />● 1867 - The Augusta Institute was founded in Georgia. Established as an institution of higher learning for black students, it moved to Atlanta in 1879, and in 1913 changed its name to Morehouse College.<br /><br />● 1873 - House of Representatives reports on Credit Mobilers scandal. Reveals government allotted far more money than needed to subsidize the building of the Union Pacific Railroad. Credit Mobiler Corporation was then set up to build the railroad, and stock in it was gratefully sold, at a fraction of its true value, to the congressmen and government officials responsible for providing the excess grants.<br /><br />● 1876 - Direct telegraph link established between Britain & New Zealand<br /><br />● 1878 - The Lincoln County War begins in Lincoln County, New Mexico.<br /><br />● 1879 - Arabs capture Egyptian premier Nabar Pasha<br /><br />● 1884 - General Charles Gordon arrives in Khartoum<br /><br />● 1884 - Moscow police seize all copies of anarcho-pacifist Leo Tolstoy's "What I Believe In" at the printers.<br /><br />● 1887 - Birth of Juan Peiro Belis (1887-1942), Barcelona. Spanish anarcho-syndicalist theorist and militant in the CNT. Peiro took refuge in France in 1939, but was extradited and shot in 1942 when he refused to collaborate with the Franco government.<br /><br />● 1891 - Captain Archinard's army fights with Nyamina of Niger in West-Sudan<br /><br />● 1896 - Cave of Winds at Niagara Falls goes almost dry for 1st time in 50 years<br /><br />● 1899 - 80º F, San Francisco CA<br /><br />● 1899 - San Francisco named as a port of dispatch for Army transports<br /><br />● 1900 - A San Francisco man claimed that X-rays had cured his cancer.<br /><br />● 1900 - Battle at Paardeberg, 1,270 British killed/injured<br /><br />● 1900 - British troops occupy Monte Christo Natal<br /><br />● 1901 - H Cecil Booth patented a dust removing suction cleaner<br /><br />● 1901 - Winston Churchill makes his maiden speech in the British House of Commons.<br /><br />● 1903 - Kuyper government launches anti strike laws<br /><br />● 1908 - 1st US postage stamps in coils issued<br /><br />● 1908 - U.S. bars Japanese immigration.<br /><br />● 1911 - The first official flight with air mail takes place in Allahabad, British India, when Henri Pequet, a 23-year-old pilot, delivers 6,500 letters to Naini, about 10 km away.<br /><br />● 1913 - Raymond Poincaré becomes President of France.<br /><br />● 1915 - Germany begins a blockade of England<br /><br />● 1916 - The anarchist brothers Enrique and Ricardo Flora Magon arrested at their Community Farm near Los Angeles. Enrique is beaten by the police and hospitalized. The brothers are charged with mailing articles inciting "murder, arson, and treason."<br /><br />● 1918 - Germans invade Russia which is all but defenseless as virtually the entire army has deserted.<br /><br />● 1919 - Fifty thousand strikers tie up Barcelona, Spain.<br /><br />● 1921 - British troops occupy Dublin<br /><br />● 1923 - Belgium Borinage-mine workers strike for higher wages<br /><br />● 1924 - US, Minister of Marine Edwin Denby ends term due to Teapot Dome-scandal<br /><br />● 1927 - US & Canada begin diplomatic relations<br /><br />● 1929 - First Academy Awards are announced.<br /><br />● 1930 - Elm Farm Ollie becomes the first cow to fly in a fixed-wing aircraft and also the first cow to be milked in an aircraft.<br /><br />● 1930 - Photographic evidence of Pluto was discovered by Clyde W. Tombaugh at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Ariz. Originally classified as a planet, the icy rock was downgraded to "dwarf planet" in 2006.<br /><br />● 1931 - Birth of Toni Morrison, African-American author, editor, and activist. Lorain, Ohio.<br /><br />● 1932 - The Empire of Japan declares Manzhouguo (obsolete Chinese name for Manchuria) independent from the Republic of China.<br /><br />● 1934 - Birth of Audre Lorde, New York City. African-American poet/essayist/autobiographer, passionate writer on lesbian feminism and racial issues.<br /><br />● 1936 - The United States Patent Office grants design patent 98,617 to Frank A. Redford for the design of the Wigwam Motel.<br /><br />● 1942 - Japanese troop land on Bali<br /><br />● 1943 - 1st edition of Dutch resistance newspaper "Trouw"<br /><br />● 1943 - Joseph Goebbels delivers the Sportpalast speech.<br /><br />● 1943 - The Nazis arrest the members of the White Rose movement.<br /><br />● 1944 - Maastricht resistance fighter JAJ Janssen arrested<br /><br />● 1947 - 24 die in a train crash in Gallitzin PA<br /><br />● 1948 - Eamon de Valera resigns as Taoiseach of Ireland.<br /><br />● 1951 - 3 City College of New York basketball players admit to accepting bribes<br /><br />● 1951 - Nepál becomes a constitutional monarchy<br /><br />● 1952 - Greece and Turkey join NATO.<br /><br />● 1953 - Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz sign an $8,000,000 contract to continue the I Love Lucy television series through 1955.<br /><br />● 1953 - The first 3D film, Bwana Devil, opens.<br /><br />● 1954 - McCarthy hunts 'army Communists'; The Secretary of the US army orders two generals subpoenaed by anti-Communist senator Joseph McCarthy to ignore the summons.<br /><br />● 1954 - The first Church of Scientology is established in Los Angeles, California.<br /><br />● 1955 - Baghdad Pact signed, making Turkey & Iraq a defense alliance<br /><br />● 1957 - Dedan Kimathi, a Kenyan rebel leader is executed by the British colonial government.<br /><br />● 1959 - Jacques Doubinsky (1889-1959) dies. As a young Russian labor radical he joined the Ukrainian peasant uprising in 1918, fighting with the insurrectionary Makhnovist army. When betrayed and crushed by their one-time Bolshevik allies, Doubinsky went to Bulgaria, active with the anarchists. Arrested and tortured after Bulgaria's coup d'etat of 1923, he escaped to France.<br /><br />● 1961 - Twenty thousand -- including 89-year old Bertrand Russell -- march against nuclear weapons, and 5,000 stage a sit-down at Ministry of Defence, in the Committee of 100's first public demonstration, London. The desperado Russell is jailed for seven days.<br /><br />● 1962 - France & Algerian Moslems negotiate truce to end 7 year war<br /><br />● 1964 - Papandreou government takes power in Greece<br /><br />● 1965 - 27 copper miners die in avalanche, Granduc Mountain British Columbia<br /><br />● 1965 - Civil rights worker Jimmie Lee Jackson is beaten and shot by state police in Marion, Alabama. He dies eight days later.<br /><br />● 1965 - The Gambia gains independence from Britain (National Day)<br /><br />● 1968 - 10,000 demonstrators against US in Vietnam War in West-Berlin<br /><br />● 1968 - British adopt year-round daylight savings time<br /><br />● 1969 - Hawthorne Nevada Airlines Flight 708 disaster kills all on board.<br /><br />● 1969 - Howard University building is seized and boycott starts. This follows on the heels of a law school protest the previous week.<br /><br />● 1969 - PLO-attack El-Al plane in Zurich Switzerland<br /><br />● 1970 - Federal jury finds the "Chicago 7" innocent of conspiring to incite riots during the 1968 Democratic National Convention. However, five were convicted the next day of crossing state lines with intent to incite riots - Dellinger, Davis, Hayden, Hoffman, and Rubin. Attorneys William Kunstler and Leonard Weinglass sentenced for contempt of court. All appealed and all convictions reversed.<br /><br />● 1970 - US President Nixon launches "Nixon-doctrine"<br /><br />● 1972 - California Supreme Court ends that state's death penalty, finds capital punishment "cruel and unusual." Notable criminals whose lives were spared by the ban on executions are Charles Manson and Sirhan Sirhan.<br /><br />● 1972 - Giulio Andreotti sworn in as premier of Italy<br /><br />● 1973 - 54-kg octopus measuring 7 meter across captured in Hood Canal, Washington<br /><br />● 1974 - NASA launches Italian satellite San Marcos C-2 (235/843 km)<br /><br />● 1975 - Israel Galan is born in the Canary Islands.<br /><br />● 1975 - Italy broadens abortion law<br /><br />● 1975 - West Germany - Water cannons and batons disperse occupiers of nuclear power site, Wyhl.<br /><br />● 1977 - The Space Shuttle Enterprise test vehicle goes on its maiden "flight" while sitting on top of a Boeing 747.<br /><br />● 1978 - Belfast bomb suspects rounded up; Police in Northern Ireland arrest at least 20 people in connection with the La Mon restaurant bomb.<br /><br />● 1979 - -52º F (-47º C), Old Forge NY (state record)<br /><br />● 1979 - NASA launches space vehicle S-202<br /><br />● 1979 - President Zia ur-Rahmans National Party wins elections in Bangladesh<br /><br />● 1979 - Snow fell in the Sahara Desert in southern Algeria for the first and only recorded time in history.<br /><br />● 1980 - Pierre Elliott Trudeau's Liberal Party wins Canada's elections<br /><br />● 1981 - Thatcher gives in to miners; Mrs. Thatcher's Conservative Government withdraws plans to close 23 pits in its first major U-turn since coming to power two years ago.<br /><br />● 1983 - Thirteen people die and one is seriously injured in the Wah Mee Massacre in Seattle, Washington, said to be the largest robbery-motivated mass-murder in American history.<br /><br />● 1984 - Revised concordat between Italy & the Vatican signed<br /><br />● 1985 - Feb 18-21, South African police kill 18 demonstrators at Crossroads, near Capetown, injure 200. Before the month is out, they will kill another 69 on 25th anniversary of the Sharpeville massacre (1960). Also, some 1900 people are arrested in the US demonstrating against South African apartheid in last several months.<br /><br />● 1987 - The executives of the Girl Scout movement decided to change the color of the scout uniform from the traditional Girl Scout green to the newer Girl Scout blue.<br /><br />● 1988 - Anthony M Kennedy, sworn in as Supreme Court Justice<br /><br />● 1991 - The IRA explodes bombs in the early morning at both Paddington station and Victoria station in London.<br /><br />● 1996 - Bomb blast destroys London bus; Three people are feared dead after a bomb explodes on a London bus, nine days after the IRA ended its ceasefire.<br /><br />● 1997 - Political prisoner Osman Murat Ulke is one of 12 Turkish activists charged with "alienating the people from the military."<br /><br />● 1998 - In Russia, money shortages resulted in the shutting down of three plants that produced nuclear weapons.<br /><br />● 1998 - Sportscaster Harry Caray died at age 83.<br /><br />● 1998 - Two white separatists are arrested in Nevada and accused of plotting a biological attack on New York City subways.<br /><br />● 2000 - Stjepan Mesić becomes the second president of Croatia.<br /><br />● 2000 - The U.S. Commerce Department reported a deficit in trade goods and services of $271.3 billion for 1999. It was the largest calender-year trade gap in U.S. history.<br /><br />● 2001 - Dale Earnhardt is killed in a crash during the final lap of the Daytona 500, which was won by Michael Waltrip, driving in a car that Earnhardt owned. His son, Dale Earnhardt, Jr. finished second.<br /><br />● 2001 - FBI agent Robert Hanssen is arrested for spying for the Soviet Union for more than 15 years. He was ultimately convicted and sentenced to life in prison.<br /><br />● 2003 - Comet C/2002 V1 (NEAT) makes perihelion, seen by SOHO.<br /><br />● 2003 - Gaia Online founded by Derek Liu, Long Vo, Josh Gainsbrugh, and Rosann Yip.<br /><br />● 2003 - Nearly 200 people die in the Daegu subway fire in South Korea<br /><br />● 2004 - Up to 295 people, including nearly 200 rescue workers, die near Neyshabur in Iran when a run-away freight train carrying sulfur, petrol and fertiliser catches fire and explodes.<br /><br />● 2005 - The United Kingdom law banning fox hunting, hare coursing and other sports which kill wild mammals is enforced from this date.<br /><br />● 2006 - A Hamas-dominated Palestinian parliament was sworn in.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1374 - Saint Jadwiga of Poland, queen of Poland (d. 1399)<br /><br />● 1486 - Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Bengali saint, bhakti yoga developer<br /><br />● 1516 - Queen Mary I (Tudor) of England (d. 1558)<br /><br />● 1530 - Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1578)<br /><br />● 1543 - Charles III, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1608)<br /><br />● 1559 - Isaac Casaubon, French classical scholar (d. 1614)<br /><br />● 1602 - Per Brahe (the younger), Swedish soldier (d. 1680)<br /><br />● 1609 - Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, English historian (d. 1674)<br /><br />● 1635 - Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna, Swedish statesman (d. 1680)<br /><br />● 1642 - Marie Champmeslé, French actress (d. 1698)<br /><br />● 1658 - Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre, French writer (d. 1743)<br /><br />● 1745 - Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist (d. 1827)<br /><br />● 1783 - James Biddle, American career naval officer (d. 1848)<br /><br />● 1814 - Samuel Fenton Cary, U. S. Congressman (d. 1900)<br /><br />● 1835 - César Cui, Lithuanian composer (d. 1918)<br /><br />● 1836 - Sri Ramakrishna, Bengali saint, guru of Swami Vivekananda (d. 1886)<br /><br />● 1838 - Ernst Mach, Austrian physicist (d. 1916)<br /><br />● 1846 - Wilson Barrett, English playwright (d. 1904)<br /><br />● 1848 - Louis Comfort Tiffany, American glass artist (d. 1933)<br /><br />● 1849 - Alexander Kielland, Norwegian author (d. 1906)<br /><br />● 1857 - Max Klinger, German painter, sculptor and engraver (d. 1920)<br /><br />● 1859 - Sholom Aleichem, Russian Yiddish humorist (d. 1916)<br /><br />● 1862 - Charles M. Schwab, American entrepreneur who pioneered Bethlehem Steel (d. 1939)<br /><br />● 1870 - William Laurel Harris, American mural painter, writer (d. 1924)<br /><br />● 1871 - Harry Brearley, English inventor (d. 1948)<br /><br />● 1883 - Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek author (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1884 - Andrew Watson Myles, Canadian politician (d. 1970)<br /><br />● 1888 - George Papandreou, Greek politician, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1968)<br /><br />● 1890 - Adolphe Menjou, American actor (d. 1963)<br /><br />● 1890 - Edward Arnold, American actor (d. 1956)<br /><br />● 1892 - Wendell Willkie, American politician (d. 1944)<br /><br />● 1895 - George Gipp, American football player ("The Gipper") (d. 1920)<br /><br />● 1896 - Andre Breton, French writer (d. 1966)<br /><br />● 1897 - Charles Kuentz, WW1 veteran, changed nationality 5 times (d.2005)<br /><br />● 1898 - Enzo Ferrari, Italian race car driver (d. 1988)<br /><br />● 1898 - Luis Muñoz Marín, Puerto Rican poet (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1899 - Sir Arthur Bryant, English historian and biographer (d. 1985)<br /><br />● 1901 - Reginald Sheffield, British actor (d. 1957)<br /><br />● 1901 - Wayne King, saxophonist, bandleader (d. 1985)<br /><br />● 1902 - Walter Herbert, German-born conductor and impresario (d. 1975)<br /><br />● 1903 - Nikolai Podgorny, President of the Soviet Union (d. 1983)<br /><br />● 1905 - Jan Gies, Dutch resistance fighter (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1906 - Hans Asperger, Austrian pediatrician (d. 1980)<br /><br />● 1907 - Oscar Brodney, American Screenwriter<br /><br />● 1909 - Wallace Stegner, American writer (d. 1993)<br /><br />● 1914 - Pee Wee King, American country musician and songwriter (d. 2000)<br /><br />● 1915 - Phyllis Calvert, British actress (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1916 - Jean Drapeau, Quebec politician, mayor of Montreal (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1919 - Jack Palance, American actor (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1920 - Bill Cullen, American game show host (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1920 - Eric Gairy, Grenadan politician (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1922 - Allan Melvin, American actor<br /><br />● 1922 - Helen Gurley Brown, American editor<br /><br />● 1922 - Juhan Smuul, Estonian author (d. 1971)<br /><br />● 1924 - Humberto Fernández Morán, Venezuelan scientist (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1924 - Louis Laberge, Quebec labour union leader (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1925 - George Kennedy, American actor<br /><br />● 1925 - Marcel Barbeau, Quebec artist<br /><br />● 1927 - John Warner, American politician<br /><br />● 1927 - Luis Arroyo, Puerto Rican baseball player<br /><br />● 1928 - Tom Johnson, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1929 - Len Deighton, British author<br /><br />● 1930 - Gahan Wilson, American cartoonist<br /><br />● 1931 - Bob St. Clair, American football player<br /><br />● 1931 - Johnny Hart, American cartoonist ("B.C.") (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1931 - Toni Morrison, American writer, Nobel laureate<br /><br />● 1932 - Miloš Forman, Czech film director<br /><br />● 1933 - Bobby Robson, English football manager<br /><br />● 1933 - Mary Ure, Scottish actress (d. 1975)<br /><br />● 1933 - Sir Bobby Robson, English football manager<br /><br />● 1933 - Yoko Ono, Japanese-born singer<br /><br />● 1935 - Michel Aoun, Lebanese prime minister<br /><br />● 1936 - Dick Duff, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1936 - Jean Auel, American writer<br /><br />● 1938 - István Szabó, Hungarian film director<br /><br />● 1939 - Dal Maxvill, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1939 - Marek Janowski, Polish-born conductor<br /><br />● 1941 - Herman Santiago, Singer (Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers)<br /><br />● 1941 - Irma Thomas, American singer<br /><br />● 1943 - Graeme Garden, Scottish writer<br /><br />● 1944 - Pat Bowlen, owner of the Denver Broncos<br /><br />● 1945 - Judy Rankin, American golfer<br /><br />● 1946 - Jean-Claude Dreyfus, French actor<br /><br />● 1946 - Michael Buerk, British newsreader<br /><br />● 1947 - Carlos Lopes, Portuguese athlete<br /><br />● 1947 - Dennis DeYoung, American musician (STYX)<br /><br />● 1947 - Eliot Lance Engel, American politician<br /><br />● 1947 - Princess Christina of the Netherlands<br /><br />● 1948 - Keith Knudsen, American drummer and songwriter (The Doobie Brothers) (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1948 - Sinéad Cusack, Irish actress<br /><br />● 1949 - Gary Ridgway, American serial killer<br /><br />● 1950 - Cybill Shepherd, American actress<br /><br />● 1950 - John Hughes, American director<br /><br />● 1950 - Michel Gauthier, Quebec politician<br /><br />● 1951 - Isabel Preysler, Spanish socialite<br /><br />● 1952 - Juice Newton, American singer<br /><br />● 1952 - Maurice Lucas, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1952 - Randy Crawford, Singer<br /><br />● 1953 - Larry Rust, Rock musician (Iron Butterfly)<br /><br />● 1953 - Robbie Bachman, Canadian drummer (Bachman-Turner Overdrive)<br /><br />● 1954 - John Travolta, American actor<br /><br />● 1955 - Miles Tredinnick, English playwright<br /><br />● 1955 - Raymond Rougeau, Canadian professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1956 - Ted Gärdestad, Swedish singer (d. 1997)<br /><br />● 1957 - Marita Koch, German athlete<br /><br />● 1957 - Vanna White, American game show presenter (''Wheel of Fortune'')<br /><br />● 1958 - Gar Samuelson, American drummer (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1958 - Giovanni Lavaggi, Italian racing driver<br /><br />● 1960 - Andy Moog, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1960 - Carol McGiffin, British TV and radio presenter<br /><br />● 1960 - Greta Scacchi, Australian actress<br /><br />● 1962 - Julie Strain, American actress<br /><br />● 1963 - Martin Treanor, Irish Writer<br /><br />● 1964 - Matt Dillon, American actor<br /><br />● 1964 - Paul Hanley, British musician (The Fall, Tom Hingley and the Lovers)<br /><br />● 1965 - Dr. Dre, American rapper<br /><br />● 1965 - Gregory Scott Johnson, American murderer (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1966 - Guy Ferland, American television director<br /><br />● 1967 - Roberto Baggio, Italian footballer<br /><br />● 1968 - Molly Ringwald, American actress<br /><br />● 1968 - Tommy Scott, British musician (Space)<br /><br />● 1969 - Alexander Mogilny, Russian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1969 - Jason Sutter, American drummer (Smash Mouth, American Hi-Fi)<br /><br />● 1970 - Raine Maida, Canadian musician (Our Lady Peace)<br /><br />● 1970 - Susan Egan, American actress<br /><br />● 1971 - Constantin Popa, Romanian-Israeli basketball player<br /><br />● 1973 - Claude Makélélé, French footballer<br /><br />● 1974 - Jamey Carroll, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1974 - Ruby Dhalla, Canadian politician<br /><br />● 1974 - Yevgeny Kafelnikov, Russian tennis player<br /><br />● 1975 - Gary Neville, English footballer<br /><br />● 1975 - Keith Gillespie, Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1975 - Sarah Brown, Actress<br /><br />● 1976 - Leilani Munter, American race car driver<br /><br />● 1977 - Chrissie Wellington, British triathlete<br /><br />● 1977 - Kátia, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1977 - Sean Watkins, American guitarist and songwriter (Nickel Creek)<br /><br />● 1978 - Josip Simunic, Croatian footballer<br /><br />● 1979 - Tyrone Burton, Actor<br /><br />● 1980 - Nikolai Antropov, Kazakh ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1980 - Regina Spektor, Russian-born singer and songwriter<br /><br />● 1981 - Alex Rios, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1981 - Andrei Kirilenko, Russian basketball player<br /><br />● 1981 - Buddy Nielsen, American singer (Senses Fail)<br /><br />● 1981 - Ivan Sproule, Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1981 - Kim Jae Won, South Korean actor<br /><br />● 1983 - Jason Maxiell, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1983 - Jermaine Jenas, English footballer<br /><br />● 1983 - Juelz Santana, American rapper<br /><br />● 1984 - Buddy Nielsen, American singer (Senses Fail)<br /><br />● 1985 - Anton Ferdinand, English footballer<br /><br />● 1985 - Lee Boyd Malvo, American serial killer<br /><br />● 1986 - Marc Torrejón, Spanish footballer<br /><br />● 1988 - Maiara Walsh, American actress<br /><br />● 1988 - Shane Lyons, Actor<br /><br />● 1990 - Park Shin-hye, South Korean actress<br /><br />● 1991 - Malese Jow, American actress</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 806 - Tarasius, Patriarch of Constantinople (b. 730)<br /><br />● 814 - Angilbert, Frankish monk and confidant of Charlemagne<br /><br />● 901 - Thabit ibn Qurra, Arab astronomer and mathematician (b. 826)<br /><br />● 999 - Pope Gregory V (b. 972)<br /><br />● 1139 - Prince Yaropolk II of Kiev (b. 1082)<br /><br />● 1294 - Kublai Khan, Mongol Emperor (b. 1215)<br /><br />● 1379 - Albert II of Mecklenburg (b. 1318)<br /><br />● 1405 - Tamerlane, Mongol Emperor (b. 1336)<br /><br />● 1455 - Fra Angelico, Italian artist (b. 1395)<br /><br />● 1478 - George, Duke of Clarence, brother of Kings Edward IV of England and Richard III of England (executed) (b. 1449)<br /><br />● 1535 - Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, astrologer and alchemist (b. 1486)<br /><br />● 1546 - Martin Luther, German religious reformer (b. 1483)<br /><br />● 1564 - Michelangelo Buonarroti, Italian artist (b. 1475)<br /><br />● 1583 - Antonio Francesco Grazzini, Italian writer (b. 1503)<br /><br />● 1654 - Jean-Louis Guez de Balzac, French writer (b. 1594)<br /><br />● 1683 - Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem, Dutch painter (b. 1620)<br /><br />● 1712 - Louis, duc de Bourgogne, heir to the throne of France (b. 1682)<br /><br />● 1718 - Pierre Antoine Motteux, French-born English dramatist (b. 1663)<br /><br />● 1743 - Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, last of the Medicis (b. 1667)<br /><br />● 1748 - Otto Ferdinand Graf von Abensperg und Traun, Austrian field marshal (b. 1677)<br /><br />● 1772 - Johann Hartwig Ernst, Count von Bernstorff, Danish statesman (b. 1712)<br /><br />● 1778 - Joseph Marie Terray, French statesman (b. 1715)<br /><br />● 1780 - Kristijonas Donelaitis, Lithuanian poet (b. 1714)<br /><br />● 1788 - John Whitehurst, English clockmaker and scientist (b. 1713)<br /><br />● 1803 - Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, German poet (b. 1719)<br /><br />● 1842 - Thomas Hazlehurst, English soap and alkali manufacturer (b. 1779)<br /><br />● 1851 - Carl Gustav Jakob Jacobi, German mathematician (b. 1804)<br /><br />● 1893 - Serranus Clinton Hastings, American politician (b. 1814)<br /><br />● 1895 - Karl Abs, German professional wrestler (b. 1851)<br /><br />● 1900 - Clinton L. Merriam, American politician (b. 1824)<br /><br />● 1902 - Charles Lewis Tiffany, American founder of Tiffany & Co. (b. 1812)<br /><br />● 1906 - John Batterson Stetson, American manufacturer (b. 1830)<br /><br />● 1911 - Billy Murdoch, Australian cricketer (b. 1854)<br /><br />● 1931 - Milan Šufflay, Croatian politician (b. 1879)<br /><br />● 1933 - James J. Corbett, American boxer (b. 1866)<br /><br />● 1938 - David King Udall, American politician (b. 1851)<br /><br />● 1942 - Albert Payson Terhune, American author (b. 1872)<br /><br />● 1945 - Ivan Chernyakhovsky, Russian general (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1956 - Gustave Charpentier, French composer (b. 1860)<br /><br />● 1957 - Dedan Kimathi, Kenyan rebel leader (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 1957 - Henry Norris Russell, American astronomer (b. 1877)<br /><br />● 1964 - Joseph-Armand Bombardier, Quebec inventor and industrialist (b. 1907)<br /><br />● 1966 - Robert Rossen, American screenwriter, producer, and director (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 1967 - J. Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (b. 1904)<br /><br />● 1973 - Frank Costello, Italian-born gangster (b. 1891)<br /><br />● 1977 - Andy Devine, American actor (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1978 - Maggie McNamara, American actress (b. 1928)<br /><br />● 1981 - John Knudsen Northrop, American aircraft manufacturer (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1982 - Ngaio Marsh, New Zealand author (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 1993 - Jacqueline Hill, British actress (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 1993 - Kerry Von Erich, American professional wrestler (b. 1960)<br /><br />● 1995 - "Hot Stuff" Eddie Gilbert, wrestler<br /><br />● 1995 - Bob Stinson, American guitarist (b.1959)<br /><br />● 1997 - Emily Hahn, American writer (b. 1905)<br /><br />● 1998 - Harry Caray, American baseball broadcaster (b. 1914)<br /><br />● 1999 - Noam Pitlik, American actor and director (b. 1932)<br /><br />● 2000 - Willy Maltaite, Belgian comics creator (b. 1927<br /><br />● 2001 - Balthus, Polish-born painter (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 2001 - Charles Trenet, French singer (b. 1913)<br /><br />● 2001 - Dale Earnhardt, American race car driver (b. 1951)<br /><br />● 2001 - Eddie Mathews, American baseball player (b. 1931)<br /><br />● 2003 - Isser Harel, Israeli Mossad leader (b. 1912)<br /><br />● 2003 - Johnny Paycheck, American country singer/songwriter (b. 1938)<br /><br />● 2004 - Jean Rouch, French filmmaker and ethnologist (b. 1917)<br /><br />● 2006 - Richard Bright, American actor (b. 1937)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● St. Agatha Lin<br />● St. Angilbert<br />● St. Charalampias<br />● St. Colman of Lindisfarne<br />● St. Flavian of Constantinople<br />● Sts. Leo & Paregorius<br />● St. Lucius<br />● St. Maximus<br />● St. Simeon, bishop of Jerusalem, martyr<br />● St. Theotonius<br />● Bl. Fra Angelico, Florentine painter<br />● Bl. John Pibush<br />● Bl. Martin<br />● Bl. William Harrington<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 5 (Civil Date: February 18)<br />● Martyr Agatha of Palermo in Sicily.<br />● Martyr Theodula of Anazarbus in Cilicia, and with her Martyrs Helladius, Macarius, and Evagrius.<br />● St. Polyeuctus, Patriarch of Constantinople.<br />● St. Theodosius, Archbishop of Chernigov.<br />● New-Martyr Anthony of Athens.<br />● New-Martyr Matushka Agatha of Belo-Russia (1938)<br />● New-Martyr Schemamonk Eugene (1939).<br />● New-Martyr Righteous Paramon (1941).<br />● Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos "Seeking Out of the Lost".<br />● Repose of Righteous Michael, Metropolitan of Serbia (1897).<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● St. Angilbert<br />● St. Bernadette<br />● St. Constantia (St. Constance)<br /><br />● Lutheran:<br />● Martin Luther, renewer of the Church<br /><br />● Iceland - National Bun Day<br /><br />● Iran - Mohammed's Death<br /><br />● Israel - Mother's Day<br /><br />● Nepál - Constitutional Day (1951)<br /><br />● The Gambia - Independence Day (1965)<br /><br />● Note: This Holiday is only applicable on a given "day of the week"<br />● US : Presidents' Day (formerly Washington's Birthday)-legal holiday - ( Monday )</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-18.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_18"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#18"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-18.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34774515.post-86030103947887518282008-02-17T00:01:00.001-07:002008-02-20T01:31:40.488-07:00February 17......<span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>February 17</strong> is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 317 (318 in leap years) days remaining in the year on this date.<br /><br /><strong>Day of the week in surrounding years:</strong><br />. . . .,1986,1992,1997,2003—MON—. . . .<br />1981,1987,. . . .,1998,2004—TUE—2009<br />1982,1988,1993,1999,. . . .—WED—2010<br />1983,. . . .,1994,2000,2005—THU—2011<br />1984,1989,1995,. . . .,2006—FRI—2012<br />. . . .,1990,1996,2001,2007—SAT—. . . .<br />1985,1991,. . . .,2002,<strong>2008</strong>—SUN—2013<br /><br /><strong>PASCAL DATE INFORMATION</strong><br />Easter Sunday for the Western Christian Church is defined as the first Sunday following the first full moon after the Spring Equinox. Lent is defined as the forty days prior to Easter not including Sundays thus Lent begins on Ash Wednesday, which is 46 days prior to Easter. Calculations for Ash Wednesday and Easter Sunday were performed for the 3774 years from 326 to 4099. For the year range 326 to 1582, dates are based on the Julian calendar. For years 1583 to 4099, dates are based on the Gregorian calendar. Ash Wednesday falls in a range of 36 days from February 4 to March 10. Easter Sunday falls in a range of 35 days from March 22 to April 25. The extra day in the Ash Wednesday range is February 29, which only occurs in leap years. February 29 only effects when Ash Wednesday occurs since it is well before the Spring Equinox and has no effect on the date for Easter Sunday. March 10 to March 21 is a twelve-day range that must occur in Lent no matter the timing of Easter Sunday. The entire range of 82 dates from February 4 to April 25 represents all dates with Pascal ramifications.<br /><br />February 17 is the 14th possible date for Ash Wednesday. Ash Wednesday occurs on this date 129 times during the 3774 years calculated and is ranked 11th/12th of the 36 dates.<br /><br />It occurred on this date previously in the years:<br />359, 364, 443, 454, 527, 538, 549, 611, 622, 633, 644, 706, 717, 728, 801, 812, 891, 896, 975, 986, 1059, 1070, 1081, 1143, 1154, 1165, 1176, 1238, 1249, 1260, 1333, 1344, 1423, 1428, 1507, 1518, 1616, 1627, 1638, 1649, 1706, 1768, 1779, 1790, 1836, 1847, 1858, 1904, 1915, 1926, 1988, 1999<br />It will occur on this date in the future in the years:<br />2010, 2021, 2083, 2094, 2140, 2151, 2162, 2173, 2208, 2219, 2230, 2241, 2360, 2371, 2382, 2393, 2455, 2466, 2477, 2512, 2523, 2534, 2545, 2602, 2613, 2675, 2686, 2697, 2732, 2743, 2754, 2765, 2827, 2838, 2849, 2906, 2917, 2979, 2990, 3047, 3058, 3069, 3104, 3115, 3126, 3137, 3199, 3210, 3221, 3294, 3351, 3362, 3373, 3419, 3430, 3441, 3509, 3571, 3582, 3593, 3655, 3666, 3677, 3723, 3734, 3745, 3802, 3813, 3886, 3892, 3897, 3943, 3954, 3965, 4038, 4044, 4049<br /><br /><strong>Best Liberal Quote of the Day: On Democrats </strong>"America does not need two Republican parties."<strong> — John Kerry</strong><br /><br /><strong>Stupidest and/or Scariest Quote from the Right for the Day: On War Is Hell </strong>". . .<br />New Bridge Strategies principals have years of public policy experience, have held positions in the Reagan Administration and both Bush Administrations and are particularly well suited to working with international agencies in the Executive Branch, Department of Defense and the U.S. Agency for International Development, the American rebuilding apparatus and establishing early links to Congress. . . . "<strong> — From the website of New Bridge Strategies, a firm headed by Joe M. Allbaugh, who was George W. Bush's campaign manager in 2000. The firm was founded in May 2003. newbridgestrategies.com.—Part 5 of 9</strong> {Due to the length of some of these nutball quotes, I have decided to split the longer ones into parts. I could have abridged them but I think that would have lessened the impact of showing just how crazy these guys are. Please refer to previous and/or subsequent posts for complete quote.}<br /><br /><strong>Dumbest Thing Said for the Day: From the world of Sports </strong>"There comes a time in every man's life, and I've had plenty of them."<strong> — Charles "Casey" Stengel, New York Yankees Hall of Fame Manager, was another master of obfuscation, Stengel is Hall of Shame member #7.</strong><br /><br />{Disclaimer: I have attempted to give credit to the many different sources that I get entries. Any failure to do so is unintentional. Any statement enclosed by brackets like these are the opinion of the blogger, A Proud Liberal.}</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>MOON PHASE</strong></span><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nKUWhLh-I/AAAAAAAAFkA/URf0K073W1Q/s1600-h/37-39-BIG.jpg"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R3nKUmhLh_I/AAAAAAAAFkI/E52qdM5LlMk/s400/37-39-SMALL.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5150370104160782322" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:100%;"><strong>Berkeley, California—Times are Pacific Standard Time (PST)</strong><br />Feb 17, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 84% Age: 37% Rise: 2:13 PM Set: 4:48 AM<br /><strong>Surprise, Arizona—Times are Mountain Standard Time (MST)</strong><br />Feb 17, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 84% Age: 37% Rise: 2:45 PM Set: 4:53 AM<br /><strong>Iowa City, Iowa—Times are Central Standard Time (CST)</strong><br />Feb 17, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 83% Age: 37% Rise: 1:50 PM Set: 4:55 AM<br /><strong>Cambridge, Massachusetts—Times are Eastern Standard Time (EST)</strong><br />Feb 17, 2008 2:00 AM Name: Waxing Gibbous Percent of Full: 83% Age: 36% Rise: 1:21 PM Set: 4:34 AM<br /></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>NASA ASTRONOMY PICTURE OF THE DAY</strong><br /><br />M1: The Crab Nebula from Hubble<br /></span><br /><a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap080217.html"><img style="cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0ddck7YLcZ0/R7vhCcICueI/AAAAAAAAF3s/mhlMP2CHhAQ/s400/2008-02-17.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5168972429363689954" /></a><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">Image Credit: NASA, ESA, J. Hester, A. Loll (ASU); Acknowledgement: Davide De Martin (Skyfactory)<br />Click picture to go to NASA APOD site for full explanation</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>EVENTS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 197 - Battle of Lugdunum - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats and kills his rival Clodius Albinus, securing full control over the Empire.<br /><br />● 763 - Shi Chaoyi's head is delivered to Chang'an, ending the An Shi Rebellion.<br /><br />● 1370 - Battle at Rudau Germany beats Lithuania<br /><br />● 1495 - Miguel de Cueno, a member of Columbus' second expedition, ships 550 captured Carib Indians to be slaves in Europe. Two hundred die at sea.<br /><br />● 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt.<br /><br />● 1568 - Holy Roman Emperor agrees to pay annual tribute to Sultan for peace<br /><br />● 1598 - Boris Godunov chosen tsar of Russia<br /><br />● 1600 - Rome: Philosopher Giordano Bruno, advocate of Copernican theory and the plurality of worlds, burned at the stake by the Inquisition having been found guilty of heresy.<br /><br />● 1621 - Myles Standish is appointed as first commander of Plymouth colony.<br /><br />● 1634 - William Prynne tried in Star Chamber for publishing "Histriomastix"<br /><br />● 1670 - France & Bavaria sign military assistance treaty<br /><br />● 1676 - Kings Charles II & Louis XIV sign secret treaty<br /><br />● 1714 - Parliament of Paris accepts Pope Clemens XI's "Unigenitus" degree<br /><br />● 1741 - English revivalist George Whitefield advised in a letter: 'Be content with no degree of sanctification. Be always crying out, "Lord, let me know more of myself and of thee."'<br /><br />● 1753 - February 17 is followed by March 1 as Sweden moves from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar.<br /><br />● 1772 - 1st partition of Poland-Russia & Prussia, joined later by Austria<br /><br />● 1776 - 1st volume of Gibbon's "Decline & Fall of the Roman Empire" published<br /><br />● 1791 - Messier catalogs M83 (spiral galaxy in Hydra)<br /><br />● 1793 - Alexander McGillivray, Cree Indian leader, dies.<br /><br />● 1801 - US House of Representatives breaks a tie in the 1800 Presidential election between Aaron Burr and Thomas Jefferson, selecting the latter on the 35th ballot, when Alexander Hamilton wielded his influence against Burr. It is thought Hamilton and Burr may not have got on well.<br /><br />● 1814 - Battle of Mormans.<br /><br />● 1815 - In deciding the legal case "Terrett v. Taylor," the U.S. Supreme Court declared unconstitutional an act of the Virginia Legislature which denied property rights to Protestant Episcopal churches in the state. The Court ruled that religious corporations, like other corporations, have rights to their property.<br /><br />● 1816 - Birth of Edward Hopper, American Presbyterian clergyman. He is remembered today as author of the hymn, "Jesus, Savior, Pilot Me."<br /><br />● 1817 - Baltimore is first U.S. city to illuminate its streets with gas. And you thought it was Boston...<br /><br />● 1819 - The United States House of Representatives passes the Missouri Compromise.<br /><br />● 1836 - HMS Beagle/Charles Darwin leaves Tasmania<br /><br />● 1848 - Toscane gets liberal Constitution<br /><br />● 1854 - British recognize independence of Orange Free State (South Africa)<br /><br />● 1864 - American Civil War: H. L. Hunley becomes the first submarine to engage and sink a warship, the USS Housatonic.<br /><br />● 1865 - American Civil War: Columbia, South Carolina burned as Confederate forces flee from advancing Union forces.<br /><br />● 1865 - Battle of Charleston SC<br /><br />● 1867 - Gyula Andressy becomes premier of Hungary<br /><br />● 1867 - The first ship passes through the Suez Canal.<br /><br />● 1870 - Esther Morris appointed 1st female judge<br /><br />● 1870 - Mississippi becomes 9th state re-admitted to US after Civil War<br /><br />● 1871 - The victorious Prussian Army parades though Paris after the end of the Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War.<br /><br />● 1874 - Thomas J. Watson, Sr., the American industrialist who built I.B.M., was born.<br /><br />● 1876 - Sardines 1st canned (Julius Wolff-Eastport ME)<br /><br />● 1878 - 1st telephone exchange in San Francisco opens with 18 phones<br /><br />● 1879 - Russian nihilists unsuccessfully attempt to assassinate Czar Alexander in St. Petersburg.<br /><br />● 1883 - A Ashwell patents free-toilet in London<br /><br />● 1885 - Bismarck gives Carl Peters' firm management of East-Africa<br /><br />● 1889 - Billy Sunday, 27, baseball player-turned-preacher, made his first appearance as an evangelist in Chicago. A strong fundamentalist, Sunday preached temperance and opposed scientific evolution. Over 100 million are estimated to have heard Sunday preach before his death in 1935.<br /><br />● 1895 - Swan Lake, with music by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, is first performed at full length in Saint Petersburg, Russia.<br /><br />● 1896 - London Country Councils' Muzzling Order becomes effective<br /><br />● 1897 - The National Congress of Mothers was organized in Washington, DC, by Alice McLellan Birney and Phoebe Apperson Hearst. It was the forerunner of the National PTA.<br /><br />● 1899 - Anti-Imperialist League is founded.<br /><br />● 1905 - Frances Willard becomes 1st woman honored in National Statuary Hall<br /><br />● 1906 - Western Federation Mineworker (WFM) leaders Haywood, Moyer, and Pettibone framed on murder charges in Idaho.<br /><br />● 1909 - Geronimo, Apache leader, dies at about age 80.<br /><br />● 1911 - 1st amphibian flight to & from a ship, by Glenn Curtiss, San Diego<br /><br />● 1913 - 1st minimum wage law in US takes effect (Oregon)<br /><br />● 1913 - The Armory Show opens in New York City, displaying works of artists (such as Picasso, Matisse and Duchamp) who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century.<br /><br />● 1915 - Edward Stone, 1st US combatant to die in WWI, is mortally wounded<br /><br />● 1926 - Avalanche buries 75 in Sap Gulch Bingham UT, 40 die<br /><br />● 1930 - French government of Tardieu, falls<br /><br />● 1932 - "Baby Face" Nelson escapes from prison.<br /><br />● 1933 - Hermann Goering endorses Nazi terrorism after two weeks of violence against labor unions and leaders. Coverage of Nazi concentration camps appeared in magazines such as AIZ in 1933. This publicly available information did nothing to dampen the enthusiasm of Hitler's financial supporters (such as Henry Ford) or press agents (or supporters like Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh) in Europe and the U.S. Meanwhile, U.S. journalists like George Seldes, who documented the ties between American companies and the Nazis, were suppressed. Seldes' stories were censored by the U.S. press, and his 170,000-subscriber newsletter was driven out of business by J. Edgar Hoover's FBI.<br /><br />● 1933 - The Blaine Act ends Prohibition in the United States.<br /><br />● 1934 - 1st high school auto driving course offered (State College PA)<br /><br />● 1936 - -58º F (-50º C), McIntosh SD (state record)<br /><br />● 1936 - Goodyear sit-down strike begins. Akron, Ohio.<br /><br />● 1936 - The world's first superhero, The Phantom, makes his first appearance in comics.<br /><br />● 1938 - 1st public experimental demonstration of Baird color TV (London)<br /><br />● 1940 - British destroyers board German Altmark off Norway<br /><br />● 1940 - Canada - Emma Goldman suffers a severe stroke. After growing up in the U.S., and then being deported by the government during the Red Scare years, she had been banned from the country since 1931, except for a brief visit in 1934. Goldman died three months later in Toronto; she was finally allowed back into the U.S., after her death, for burial in the Waldheim Cemetery, next to the Haymarket Martyrs in Chicago.<br /><br />● 1942 - African Americans moving into the Sojourner Truth low-cost housing project in Detroit are attacked by armed whites.<br /><br />● 1942 - Birth of Huey Newton, co-founder of Black Panther Party. New Orleans, Louisiana.<br /><br />● 1942 - Silent indoor commemoration of martyred compatriots leaves public places deserted, Oslo, Norway.<br /><br />● 1943 - Dutch churches protest at Seyss-Inquart against persecution of Jews<br /><br />● 1943 - General-Major Bradley flies to Washington DC<br /><br />● 1943 - Hitler visits field marshal von Mansteins headquarters in Zaporozje<br /><br />● 1944 - Italy - Pietro Bruzzi captured and shot by the fascists, in Melegnano. Young anarchist who spent several years in France and in 1936 fought in Spain. Extradited to Italy and sent to the island of Ponza during WWII. He escaped and joined the anarchist resistance in Lombardy.<br /><br />● 1944 - World War II: Battle of Eniwetok Atoll begins. The battle ends in an American victory on February 22.<br /><br />● 1944 - World War II: Operation Hailstone begins. U.S. naval air, surface, and submarine attack against Truk (Chuuk), Japan's main base in the central Pacific, in support of the Eniwetok invasion.<br /><br />● 1946 - Humanistic Covenant forms in Amsterdam<br /><br />● 1947 - Dutch Roman Catholic bishops publish manifest against "godless communism"<br /><br />● 1947 - The Voice of America begins to transmit radio broadcasts into the Soviet Union.<br /><br />● 1949 - Chaim Weizman elected 1st President of Israel<br /><br />● 1950 - 31 die in a train crash in Rockville Center, New York<br /><br />● 1957 - A fire at a home for the elderly in Warrenton, Missouri kills 72 people.<br /><br />● 1957 - Suez Canal reopens<br /><br />● 1958 - First meeting of Britain's Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND).<br /><br />● 1958 - Pope Pius XII declares Saint Clare of Assisi (1193~1253) the patron saint of television.<br /><br />● 1959 - Project Vanguard: Vanguard 2 - The first weather satellite launched to measure cloud-cover distribution.<br /><br />● 1959 - Turkish leader involved in fatal crash; Turkish Prime Minister Adnan Menderes survives an air crash near London that killed 12 people.<br /><br />● 1962 - A storm kills more than 300 people in Hamburg, West Germany.<br /><br />● 1964 - In Wesberry v. Sanders the Supreme Court of the United States rules that congressional districts have to be approximately equal in population. {I have often wondered why this was even a question before the court since it seems self-evident, but lawyers and lawmakers have a way making things very convoluted.}<br /><br />● 1964 - US House of Reps accept Law on the civil rights<br /><br />● 1965 - US Ranger 8 launched, will transmit 7,137 lunar pictures<br /><br />● 1966 - French satellite Diapason D-1A launch into Earth orbit<br /><br />● 1967 - Kosmos 140 (Soyuz test) launches into Earth orbit<br /><br />● 1969 - Russian-born, Milwaukee-raised Golda Meir (nee Mabovitch [Myerson]), 70, was sworn in as Israel's first female prime minister. (She would hold the office for five embattled years.)<br /><br />● 1970 - Jeffrey McDonald slices up his wife & daughters<br /><br />● 1970 - Seventy-six are arrested and 20 injured in a downtown confrontation between Seattle police and an anti-war demonstration organized by the Seattle Liberation Front.<br /><br />● 1972 - British Parliament votes to join European Common Market<br /><br />● 1972 - President Nixon leaves Washington DC for China<br /><br />● 1972 - Sales of the Volkswagen Beetle model exceed those of Ford Model-T.<br /><br />● 1974 - 49 die in stampede for seats at soccer match, Cairo, Egypt<br /><br />● 1974 - Robert K. Preston, a disgruntled U.S. Army private, buzzes the White House with a stolen helicopter.<br /><br />● 1975 - Several hundred residents of Wyhl, Germany, occupy the construction site of a nuclear power plant. Police responded with water cannons and arrests; by the following week, 28,000 had joined the occupation, and police withdrew for over a year. This is believed to have been the first such plant occupation in the world.<br /><br />● 1976 - Macau adopts constitution (Organic Law of Macau)<br /><br />● 1976 - Organic statute makes Macao autonomous<br /><br />● 1979 - China invades Vietnam; China sends hundreds of troops into Vietnam after weeks of tension and a military build-up along the border.<br /><br />● 1981 - Chrysler Corp reports largest corporate losses in US history<br /><br />● 1982 - Polish troops arrest 3,500 in martial law raids.<br /><br />● 1983 - Netherlands adopts constitution<br /><br />● 1983 - US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site<br /><br />● 1984 - Workers at a Coca-Cola plant in Guatemala seize it for collective operation.<br /><br />● 1985 - 1st class postage rises from 20¢ to 22¢<br /><br />● 1985 - 3rd person to receive an artificial heart (Murray Haydon)<br /><br />● 1986 - Libyan bombers attack N'djamena Airport in Chad<br /><br />● 1987 - Tamils strip off at Heathrow; A group of Tamils seeking asylum in Britain protest at Heathrow airport by removing their clothes as they are about to be deported.<br /><br />● 1988 - US Lieutenant Colonel William Higgins kidnapped by Lebanese terrorists & later killed<br /><br />● 1989 - 6-week study of Arctic atmosphere shows no ozone "hole"<br /><br />● 1989 - Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia & Libya form common market<br /><br />● 1989 - USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalitinsk USSR<br /><br />● 1992 - In Milwaukee, serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer was sentenced to life in prison. In November of 1994, he was beaten to death in prison.<br /><br />● 1993 - Haitian ferry boat capsize in storm, 800-2,000 die<br /><br />● 1993 - Wang Dan and Guo Haifeng, leaders of 1989 Chinese student protests, released from prison.<br /><br />● 1995 - Colin Ferguson is convicted of six counts of murder for the December 1993 Long Island Rail Road shootings and later receives a 200+ year sentence.<br /><br />● 1995 - Federal judge allows lawsuit claiming US tobacco makers knew nicotine was addictive & manipulated its levels to keep customers hooked<br /><br />● 1995 - The Cenepa War between Peru and Ecuador ends on a cease-fire brokered by the UN.<br /><br />● 1996 - In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, world champion Garry Kasparov beats the Deep Blue supercomputer in a chess match.<br /><br />● 1997 - Carl Sagan Public Memorial at Pasadena CA<br /><br />● 1997 - Pepperdine University announced that Kenneth Starr was leaving the Whitewater probe to take a full-time job at the school. Starr reversed the announcement four days later.<br /><br />● 1998 - Diane Zamora, 20, Naval Academy cadet convicted of capital murder<br /><br />● 1998 - Larry Wayne Harris & Bill Levitt arrested for possession of anthrax<br /><br />● 2002 - The new Transportation Security Administration took over supervision of aviation security from the airline industry and the Federal Aviation Administration.<br /><br />● 2003 - Twenty-one people were killed in a stampede at a crowded nightclub in Chicago.<br /><br />● 2005 - Iraq's electoral commission certified the results of the Jan. 30 elections and allocated 140 of 275 National Assembly seats to the United Iraqi Alliance, giving the Shiite-dominated party a majority in the new parliament.<br /><br />● 2005 - U.S. President George W. Bush named John Negroponte as the first national intelligence {something that Negroponte or Shrub has never possessed} director.<br /><br />● 2006 - Over 1,000 people perished and buried alive in the town of St. Bernard in Southern Leyte, Philippines mudslide.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>BIRTHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 1490 - Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, Constable of France (d. 1527)<br /><br />● 1519 - Francis, Duke of Guise, French soldier and politician (d. 1563)<br /><br />● 1524 - Charles of Guise, French cardinal (d. 1574)<br /><br />● 1581 - Fausto Poli, Italian Catholic priest (d. 1653)<br /><br />● 1646 - Pierre Le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert, French economist (d. 1714)<br /><br />● 1653 - Arcangelo Corelli, Italian composer (d. 1713)<br /><br />● 1718 - Matthew Tilghman, American Continental Congressman (d. 1790)<br /><br />● 1723 - Tobias Mayer, German astronomer (d. 1762)<br /><br />● 1752 - Friedrich Maximilian Klinger, German writer (d. 1831)<br /><br />● 1754 - Nicolas Baudin, French explorer (d. 1803)<br /><br />● 1766 - Thomas Malthus, English demographer and economist (d. 1834)<br /><br />● 1781 - René Laënnec, French physician (d. 1826)<br /><br />● 1792 - Karl Ernst von Baer, German biologist (d. 1876)<br /><br />● 1796 - Philipp Franz von Siebold, German physician (d. 1866)<br /><br />● 1817 - King William III of the Netherlands (d, 1890)<br /><br />● 1818 - Frederick Douglass, American abolitionist (d. 1895)<br /><br />● 1820 - Elzéar-Alexandre Taschereau, Catholic cardinal (d. 1898)<br /><br />● 1820 - Henri Vieuxtemps, Belgian composer (d. 1881)<br /><br />● 1821 - Lola Montez, Mexican dancer, actress, friend of monarchs (d. 1861)<br /><br />● 1836 - Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, Spanish poet (d. 1870)<br /><br />● 1844(43? NYT) - Aaron Montgomery Ward, American department store founder (d. 1913)<br /><br />● 1848 - Louisa Lawson, Australian feminist, suffragist, and writer (d. 1920)<br /><br />● 1854 - Friedrich Alfred Krupp, German industrialist (d. 1902)<br /><br />● 1861 - Princess Helena, Duchess of Albany (d. 1922)<br /><br />● 1863 - Fyodor Sologub, Russian symbolist novelist and poet (d. 1927)<br /><br />● 1864 - Andrew Banjo Paterson, Australian poet (d. 1941)<br /><br />● 1864 - Jozef Murgaš, Slovak inventor (d. 1929)<br /><br />● 1874 - Thomas J. Watson, American computer manufacturer (d. 1956)<br /><br />● 1877 - André Maginot, French politician (d. 1932)<br /><br />● 1877 - Isabelle Eberhardt, explorer and writer who spent a lot of time in North Africa (d. 1904)<br /><br />● 1885 - Steve Evans, American baseball player (d. 1943)<br /><br />● 1887 - Leevi Madetoja, Finnish composer (d. 1947)<br /><br />● 1888 - Otto Stern, German physicist, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1889 - H. L. Hunt, American oil tycoon (d. 1974)<br /><br />● 1904 - Hans J. Morgenthau, German-born American political scientist and historian<br /><br />● 1908 - Bo Yibo, Chinese politician (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1908 - Red Barber, American baseball announcer (d. 1992)<br /><br />● 1910 - Arthur Hunnicutt, American actor (d. 1979)<br /><br />● 1910 - Marc Lawrence, American actor (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1911 - Oskar Seidlin, Silesian-born American literary scholar (d. 1984)<br /><br />● 1912 - Andre Norton, American author (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1914 - Arthur Kennedy, American actor (d. 1990)<br /><br />● 1914 - Wayne Morris, American actor (d. 1959)<br /><br />● 1916 - Raf Vallone, Italian actor (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1917 - Abdur Rahman Badawi, Egyptian existentialist philosopher(d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1917 - Guillermo González Camarena, Mexican inventor (d. 1965)<br /><br />● 1919 - Kathleen Freeman, American actress (d. 2001)<br /><br />● 1920 - Ivo Caprino, Norwegian animated film director<br /><br />● 1922 - Enrico Banducci, American nightclub owner (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1922 - Marshall Teague, American race car driver (d. 1959)<br /><br />● 1922 - Tommy Edwards, American singer (d. 1969)<br /><br />● 1924 - Margaret Truman, American novelist and Daughter of President Truman {and poor pianist}<br /><br />● 1925 - Hal Holbrook, American actor<br /><br />● 1925 - Ron Goodwin, English composer and conductor (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1928 - Marta Romero, Puerto Rican actress & singer<br /><br />● 1929 - Chaim Potok, American author (d. 2002)<br /><br />● 1929 - Patricia Routledge, English actress<br /><br />● 1930 - Roger Craig, American baseball player and manager<br /><br />● 1930 - Ruth Rendell, English writer<br /><br />● 1932 - Buck Trent, American banjo player<br /><br />● 1933 - Bobby Lewis, American singer<br /><br />● 1933 - Craig L. Thomas, American politician (d. 2007)<br /><br />● 1934 - Alan Bates, English actor (d. 2003)<br /><br />● 1934 - Barry Humphries, Australian actor and comedian<br /><br />● 1934 - Dame Edna, Comedian<br /><br />● 1935 - Christina Pickles, British actress<br /><br />● 1935 - Johnny Bush, Country singer<br /><br />● 1936 - Jim Brown, American football player and Hall of Fame member.<br /><br />● 1939 - John Leyton, British singer<br /><br />● 1939 - Mary Ann Mobley, American actress and beauty queen<br /><br />● 1940 - Gene Pitney, American singer (d. 2006)<br /><br />● 1941 - Julia McKenzie, English actress and theatre director<br /><br />● 1942 - Huey P. Newton, American political activist (d. 1989)<br /><br />● 1944 - Karl Jenkins, Welsh composer<br /><br />● 1945 - Brenda Fricker, Irish actress<br /><br />● 1945 - Zina Bethune, American actress<br /><br />● 1948 - José José, Mexican singer and actor<br /><br />● 1948 - Rick Majerus, American basketball coach<br /><br />● 1949 - Fred Frith, English musician and composer<br /><br />● 1952 - Karin Janz, East German gymnast<br /><br />● 1953 - Janice Dickinson, American model<br /><br />● 1953 - Norman Pace, British actor and comic<br /><br />● 1954 - Rene Russo, American actress<br /><br />● 1955 - Mo Yan, Chinese novelist<br /><br />● 1956 - Richard Karn, American actor<br /><br />● 1957 - Loreena McKennitt, Canadian musician<br /><br />● 1959 - Aryeh Deri, Israeli rabbi and politician<br /><br />● 1959 - Neil Lomax, American football player<br /><br />● 1962 - Alison Hargreaves, British mountaineer (d. 1995)<br /><br />● 1962 - David McComb, Australian musician (The Triffids) (d. 1999)<br /><br />● 1962 - Lou Diamond Phillips, American actor<br /><br />● 1962 - Samuel Bayer, American music video director<br /><br />● 1962 - Tyrone "Ty" Jones, American screenwriter<br /><br />● 1963 - Daniel Whitney, aka Larry the Cable Guy, American comedian<br /><br />● 1963 - Larry the Cable Guy, American comedian<br /><br />● 1963 - Michael Jordan, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1964 - Buster Olney, American sports columnist<br /><br />● 1965 - Michael Bay, American film director<br /><br />● 1966 - Ioannis Kalitzakis, Greek footballer<br /><br />● 1966 - Luc Robitaille, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1966 - Quorthon, Swedish musician (Bathory) (d. 2004)<br /><br />● 1967 - Chanté Moore, American singer<br /><br />● 1969 - Tuesday Knight, American actress<br /><br />● 1970 - Dominic Purcell, English-born actor ("Prison Break")<br /><br />● 1970 - Tim Mahoney, American musician (311)<br /><br />● 1970 - Tommy Moe, American Olympic skier<br /><br />● 1971 - Denise Richards, American actress<br /><br />● 1971 - Jeremy Edwards, British actor<br /><br />● 1971 - Martyn Bennett, Canadian composer (d. 2005)<br /><br />● 1972 - Billie Joe Armstrong, American musician (Green Day)<br /><br />● 1972 - Philippe Candeloro, French figure skater<br /><br />● 1972 - Taylor Hawkins, American musician (Foo Fighters)<br /><br />● 1972 - Valeria Mazza, Argentinian model<br /><br />● 1974 - Bryan White, American singer<br /><br />● 1974 - Jerry O'Connell, American actor<br /><br />● 1974 - Kaoru, Japanese musician<br /><br />● 1975 - Harisu, South Korean singer, model and actress<br /><br />● 1975 - Todd Harvey, Canadian ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1975 - Vaclav Prospal, Czech ice hockey player<br /><br />● 1975 - Wish Bone, American rapper<br /><br />● 1976 - Kelly Carlson, American actress<br /><br />● 1976 - Scott Williamson, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1978 - Jacob Wetterling, American kidnapping victim<br /><br />● 1979 - Josh Willingham, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1980 - Al Harrington, American basketball player<br /><br />● 1980 - Jason Ritter, American actor (''Joan of Arcadia'', "The Class")<br /><br />● 1981 - Joseph Gordon-Levitt, American actor (''3rd Rock From the Sun'')<br /><br />● 1981 - Lupe Fiasco, American rapper<br /><br />● 1981 - Paris Hilton, American actress and heiress {what a waste of human flesh}<br /><br />● 1982 - Adriano Leite Ribeiro, Brazilian footballer<br /><br />● 1982 - Brian Bruney, American baseball player<br /><br />● 1983 - Gérald Cid, French footballer<br /><br />● 1983 - Marios Kaperonis, Greek boxer<br /><br />● 1984 - AB de Villiers, South African Cricketer<br /><br />● 1984 - Jimmy Jacobs, American professional wrestler<br /><br />● 1984 - Kenta Kamakari, Japanese actor and seiyuu<br /><br />● 1986 - Joey O'Brien, Irish footballer<br /><br />● 1991 - Bonnie Wright, British actress<br /><br />● 1992 - Meaghan Jette Martin, American child actress and singer<br /><br />● 1996 - Sasha Pieterse, South African child actress</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>DEATHS</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● 197 - Clodius Albinus, Roman usurper (killed in battle)<br /><br />● 364 - Jovian, Roman Emperor<br /><br />● 440 - Mesrop Mashtots<br /><br />● 1339 - Otto, Duke of Austria (b. 1301)<br /><br />● 1371 - Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria<br /><br />● 1596 - Friedrich Sylburg, German classical scholar (b. 1536)<br /><br />● 1600 - Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher (burned at the stake) (b. 1548)<br /><br />● 1609 - Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1549)<br /><br />● 1624 - Juan de Mariana, Spanish historian (b. 1536)<br /><br />● 1659 - Abel Servien, French diplomat (b. 1593)<br /><br />● 1673 - Molière, French playwright (b. 1622)<br /><br />● 1680 - Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles, English statesman and writer (b. 1599)<br /><br />● 1680 - Jan Swammerdam, Dutch scientist (b. 1637)<br /><br />● 1715 - Antoine Galland, French archaeologist (b. 1646)<br /><br />● 1732 - Louis Marchand, French organist and harpsichordist (b. 1669)<br /><br />● 1768 - Arthur Onslow, English politician (b. 1691)<br /><br />● 1780 - Andreas Felix von Oefele, German historian and librarian (b. 1706)<br /><br />● 1841 - Ferdinando Carulli, Italian guitarist (b. 1770)<br /><br />● 1854 - John Martin, English painter (b. 1789)<br /><br />● 1856 - Heinrich Heine, German writer (b. 1797)<br /><br />● 1874 - Lambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet, Belgian mathematician (b. 1796)<br /><br />● 1883 - Napoleon Coste, French guitarist and composer (b. 1806)<br /><br />● 1883 - Vasudeo Balwant Phadke, Indian revolutionary (b. 1845)<br /><br />● 1890 - Christopher Sholes, American inventor (b. 1819)<br /><br />● 1909 - Geronimo, Apache leader (b. 1829)<br /><br />● 1912 - Edgar Evans, Welsh naval officer (b. 1876)<br /><br />● 1919 - Wilfrid Laurier, 7th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1841)<br /><br />● 1934 - King Albert I of Belgium (b. 1875)<br /><br />● 1934 - Siegbert Tarrasch, German chess player (b. 1862)<br /><br />● 1939 - Willy Hess, German violinist (b. 1859)<br /><br />● 1943 - Armand J. Piron, American jazz violinist and composer (b. 1888)<br /><br />● 1943 - Konstantin Bogaevsky, Russian painter (b. 1872)<br /><br />● 1958 - Hugh McCrae, Australian writer (b. 1876)<br /><br />● 1961 - Nita Naldi, American actress (b. 1897)<br /><br />● 1962 - Bruno Walter, German conductor (b. 1876)<br /><br />● 1970 - Alfred Newman, American film composer (b. 1901)<br /><br />● 1970 - Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Israeli writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1888)<br /><br />● 1977 - Janani Luwum, Ugandan Archbishop (shot) (b. 1922)<br /><br />● 1982 - Lee Strasberg, Austrian-born actor (b. 1901)<br /><br />● 1982 - Nestor Chylak, American baseball umpire (b. 1922)<br /><br />● 1982 - Thelonious Monk, American jazz pianist (b. 1917)<br /><br />● 1989 - Lefty Gomez, American baseball player (b. 1908)<br /><br />● 1990 - Erik Rhodes, American actor (b. 1906)<br /><br />● 1990 - Hap Day, Canadian ice hockey player and manager (b. 1901)<br /><br />● 1994 - Randy Shilts, American author and activist (AIDS) (b. 1951)<br /><br />● 1996 - Hervé Bazin, French writer (b. 1911)<br /><br />● 1997 - Zein Isa, Palestinian militant imprisoned in the United States for the honor killing of his daughter<br /><br />● 1998 - Bob Merrill, American composer and lyricist (b. 1921)<br /><br />● 1998 - Ernst Jünger, German author (b. 1895)<br /><br />● 2001 - Bob Geary, Canadian football player and manager (b. 1933)<br /><br />● 2001 - Khalid Abdul Muhammed, American Nation of Islam spokesman (brain aneurysm) (b. 1948)<br /><br />● 2004 - José López Portillo, President of Mexico (b. 1920)<br /><br />● 2005 - Dan O'Herlihy, Irish actor (b. 1919)<br /><br />● 2005 - Omar Sivori, Argentine footballer (b. 1935)<br /><br />● 2006 - Bill Cowsill, American singer (The Cowsills) (b. 1948)<br /><br />● 2006 - Harold Hunter, American professional skateboarder (b. 1974)<br /><br />● 2006 - Ray Barretto, Puerto Rican musician (congas) (b. 1929)<br /><br />● 2007 - Dermot O'Reilly, Irish-born Canadian musician, producer and songwriter (b. 1943)<br /><br />● 2007 - Jurga Ivanauskaitė, Lithuanian writer (b. 1961)<br /><br />● 2007 - Maurice Papon, French Nazi collaborator (b. 1910)<br /><br />● 2007 - Mike Awesome, American professional wrestler (b. 1965)</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:180%;"><strong>HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES</strong></span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">● Roman Catholic:<br />● The Seven Founders of the Servite Order<br />● St. Alexis Falconieri (d. 1310)<br />● St. Benedict of Cagliari<br />● St. Constabilis<br />● St. Donatus<br />● St. Evermod<br />● St. Faustinus & Companions<br />● St. Fintan<br />● St. Fortchern<br />● St. Habet Deus<br />● St. Hugh dei Lippi Uggucioni<br />● St. Julian of Caesarea<br />● St. Loman<br />● St. Manettus<br />● St. Polychronius<br />● St. Silvinus<br />● St. Theodulus<br /><br />● Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar for February 4 (Civil Date: February 17)<br />● St. Isidore of Pelusium, monk.<br />● St. George, prince of Vladimir.<br />● St. Cyril, abbot, wonderworker of Novoezersk (Novgorod).<br />● St. Nicholas the Confessor, abbot of the Studion.<br />● Martyr Jadorus.<br />● Hieromartyr Abramius, Bishop of Arbela in Assyria.<br />● St. John, Bishop of Hirenopolis.<br />● St. Abraham & St. Coprius, monks of Pechenga (Vologda).<br />● New-Martyr Joseph of Aleppo.<br /><br />● Greek Calendar:<br />● Martyr Theoctistus.<br />● St. Jasim the Wonderworker.<br />● Repose of Royal Recluse Dosithea of Moscow (1810).<br /><br />● Christian:<br />● St. Silvinus<br />● Commemoration of Flight into Egypt<br /><br />● Ancient Latvia - Tanis Diena observed.<br /><br />● Roman Empire - Quirinalia in honor of Quirinus.<br /><br />● Sri Lanka - Maha Shivaratree<br /><br />● Random Acts of Kindness Day<br /><br />● This Holiday is only applicable on a given "day of the week"<br />● US : Presidents' Day (formerly Washington's Birthday)-legal holiday - ( Monday )</span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-size:140%;">THIS IS AN ABBREVIATED POST FOR THIS DATE USING ONLY THE FOLLOWING EIGHT SOURCES. A COMPLETE POST IS PLANNED AS SOON AS TIME ALLOWS.</span><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2007/02/february-17.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Previous Day in History Post With</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_17"><span style="font-size:140%;">This Original Wikipedia List </span></a><span style="font-size:140%;"> form the core of this post.<br /><br />Additional facts taken from:</span><br /><br /><a href="http://www.workingforchange.com/article.cfm?ItemID=16372#17"><span style="font-size:140%;">Geov Parrish's this Day in Radical History, things that happened on this day that you never had to memorize in school.</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.catholic.org/saints/sofd.php"><span style="font-size:140%;">Roman Catholic Saint of the Day</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.orthodox.net/menaion/menaion.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Russian Orthodox Christian Menaion Calendar</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Best-Liberal-Quotes-Ever-Right/dp/1402203098/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615615&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Liberal Quotes of the Day taken from <i>The Best Liberal Quotes Ever: Why the Left Is Right</i> Compiled by William P. Martin ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Take-Them-Their-Words-Quotations/dp/089733521X/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b/002-7346318-3623216"><span style="font-size:140%;">Quotes from the Right of the Day taken from <i>Take Them at Their Words: Startling, Amusing and Baffling Quotations from the GOP and Their Friends, 1994-2004</i> Compiled by Bruce J. Miller with Diana Maio ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.amazon.com/1001-Dumbest-Things-Ever-Said/dp/1592287875/ref=sr_11_1/105-9543598-6221217?ie=UTF8&qid=1183615933&sr=11-1"><span style="font-size:140%;">Dumbest Thing Said for the Day taken from <i>1001 Dumbest Things Ever Said</i> Edited by Steven D. Price ©2004</span></a><br /><br /><br /><a href="http://aproudliberal1.blogspot.com/2008/02/february-17.html"><span style="font-size:140%;">Permanent Backlink to Post</span></a><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://rpc.technorati.com/rpc/ping</div>A Proud Liberalhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03184843313132771874noreply@blogger.com0